/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */

/* mingw currently doesn't support windows.media.h, so we disable
 * the whole related class until this is fixed.
 * @TODO: Maybe contact MinGW Team for inclusion?*/
#ifndef __MINGW32__

#  include "WindowsSMTCProvider.h"

#  include <windows.h>
#  include <windows.media.h>
#  include <wrl.h>

#  include "nsMimeTypes.h"
#  include "mozilla/Assertions.h"
#  include "mozilla/Logging.h"
#  include "mozilla/Maybe.h"
#  include "mozilla/WidgetUtils.h"
#  include "mozilla/ScopeExit.h"
#  include "mozilla/dom/MediaControlUtils.h"
#  include "mozilla/media/MediaUtils.h"
#  include "nsThreadUtils.h"

#  pragma comment(lib, "runtimeobject.lib")

using namespace ABI::Windows::Foundation;
using namespace ABI::Windows::Media;
using namespace ABI::Windows::Storage::Streams;
using namespace Microsoft::WRL;
using namespace Microsoft::WRL::Wrappers;
using namespace mozilla;

#  ifndef RuntimeClass_Windows_Media_SystemMediaTransportControls
#    define RuntimeClass_Windows_Media_SystemMediaTransportControls \
      L"Windows.Media.SystemMediaTransportControls"
#  endif

#  ifndef RuntimeClass_Windows_Storage_Streams_RandomAccessStreamReference
#    define RuntimeClass_Windows_Storage_Streams_RandomAccessStreamReference \
      L"Windows.Storage.Streams.RandomAccessStreamReference"
#  endif

#  ifndef ISystemMediaTransportControlsInterop
EXTERN_C const IID IID_ISystemMediaTransportControlsInterop;
MIDL_INTERFACE("ddb0472d-c911-4a1f-86d9-dc3d71a95f5a")
ISystemMediaTransportControlsInterop : public IInspectable {
 public:
  virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetForWindow(
      /* [in] */ __RPC__in HWND appWindow,
      /* [in] */ __RPC__in REFIID riid,
      /* [iid_is][retval][out] */
      __RPC__deref_out_opt void** mediaTransportControl) = 0;
};
#  endif /* __ISystemMediaTransportControlsInterop_INTERFACE_DEFINED__ */

extern mozilla::LazyLogModule gMediaControlLog;

#  undef LOG
#  define LOG(msg, ...)                        \
    MOZ_LOG(gMediaControlLog, LogLevel::Debug, \
            ("WindowSMTCProvider=%p, " msg, this, ##__VA_ARGS__))

static inline Maybe<mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey> TranslateKeycode(
    SystemMediaTransportControlsButton keycode) {
  switch (keycode) {
    case SystemMediaTransportControlsButton_Play:
      return Some(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Play);
    case SystemMediaTransportControlsButton_Pause:
      return Some(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Pause);
    case SystemMediaTransportControlsButton_Next:
      return Some(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Nexttrack);
    case SystemMediaTransportControlsButton_Previous:
      return Some(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Previoustrack);
    case SystemMediaTransportControlsButton_Stop:
      return Some(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Stop);
    case SystemMediaTransportControlsButton_FastForward:
      return Some(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Seekforward);
    case SystemMediaTransportControlsButton_Rewind:
      return Some(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Seekbackward);
    default:
      return Nothing();  // Not supported Button
  }
}

static IAsyncInfo* GetIAsyncInfo(IAsyncOperation<unsigned int>* aAsyncOp) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(aAsyncOp);
  IAsyncInfo* asyncInfo;
  HRESULT hr = aAsyncOp->QueryInterface(IID_IAsyncInfo,
                                        reinterpret_cast<void**>(&asyncInfo));
  // The assertion always works since IAsyncOperation implements IAsyncInfo
  MOZ_ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr));
  (void)hr;
  MOZ_ASSERT(asyncInfo);
  return asyncInfo;
}

WindowsSMTCProvider::WindowsSMTCProvider() {
  LOG("Creating an empty and invisible window");

  // In order to create a SMTC-Provider, we need a hWnd, which shall be created
  // dynamically from an invisible window. This leads to the following
  // boilerplate code.
  WNDCLASS wnd{};
  wnd.lpszClassName = L"Firefox-MediaKeys";
  wnd.hInstance = nullptr;
  wnd.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;
  GetLastError();  // Clear the error
  RegisterClass(&wnd);
  MOZ_ASSERT(!GetLastError());

  mWindow = CreateWindowExW(0, L"Firefox-MediaKeys", L"Firefox Media Keys", 0,
                            CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, 0, nullptr,
                            nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
  MOZ_ASSERT(mWindow);
  MOZ_ASSERT(!GetLastError());
}

WindowsSMTCProvider::~WindowsSMTCProvider() {
  // Dispose the window
  MOZ_ASSERT(mWindow);
  if (!DestroyWindow(mWindow)) {
    LOG("Failed to destroy the hidden window. Error Code: %lu", GetLastError());
  }
  if (!UnregisterClass(L"Firefox-MediaKeys", nullptr)) {
    // Note that this is logged when the class wasn't even registered.
    LOG("Failed to unregister the class. Error Code: %lu", GetLastError());
  }
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::IsOpened() const { return mInitialized; }

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::Open() {
  LOG("Opening Source");
  MOZ_ASSERT(!mInitialized);

  if (!InitDisplayAndControls()) {
    LOG("Failed to initialize the SMTC and its display");
    return false;
  }

  if (!UpdateButtons()) {
    LOG("Failed to initialize the buttons");
    return false;
  }

  if (!RegisterEvents()) {
    LOG("Failed to register SMTC key-event listener");
    return false;
  }

  if (!EnableControl(true)) {
    LOG("Failed to enable SMTC control");
    return false;
  }

  mInitialized = true;
  SetPlaybackState(mozilla::dom::MediaSessionPlaybackState::None);
  return mInitialized;
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::Close() {
  MediaControlKeySource::Close();
  // Prevent calling Set methods when init failed
  if (mInitialized) {
    SetPlaybackState(mozilla::dom::MediaSessionPlaybackState::None);
    UnregisterEvents();
    ClearMetadata();
    // We have observed an Windows issue, if we modify `mControls` , (such as
    // setting metadata, disable buttons) before disabling control, and those
    // operations are not done sequentially within a same main thread task,
    // then it would cause a problem where the SMTC wasn't clean up completely
    // and show the executable name.
    EnableControl(false);
    mInitialized = false;
  }
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::SetPlaybackState(
    mozilla::dom::MediaSessionPlaybackState aState) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mInitialized);
  MediaControlKeySource::SetPlaybackState(aState);

  HRESULT hr;

  // Note: we can't return the status of put_PlaybackStatus, but we can at least
  // assert it.
  switch (aState) {
    case mozilla::dom::MediaSessionPlaybackState::Paused:
      hr = mControls->put_PlaybackStatus(
          ABI::Windows::Media::MediaPlaybackStatus_Paused);
      break;
    case mozilla::dom::MediaSessionPlaybackState::Playing:
      hr = mControls->put_PlaybackStatus(
          ABI::Windows::Media::MediaPlaybackStatus_Playing);
      break;
    case mozilla::dom::MediaSessionPlaybackState::None:
      hr = mControls->put_PlaybackStatus(
          ABI::Windows::Media::MediaPlaybackStatus_Stopped);
      break;
      // MediaPlaybackStatus still supports Closed and Changing, which we don't
      // use (yet)
    default:
      MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE(
          "Enum Inconsitency between PlaybackState and WindowsSMTCProvider");
      break;
  }

  MOZ_ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr));
  (void)hr;
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::SetMediaMetadata(
    const mozilla::dom::MediaMetadataBase& aMetadata) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mInitialized);
  SetMusicMetadata(aMetadata.mArtist, aMetadata.mTitle);
  LoadThumbnail(aMetadata.mArtwork);
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::ClearMetadata() {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mDisplay);
  if (FAILED(mDisplay->ClearAll())) {
    LOG("Failed to clear SMTC display");
  }
  mImageFetchRequest.DisconnectIfExists();
  CancelPendingStoreAsyncOperation();
  mThumbnailUrl.Truncate();
  mProcessingUrl.Truncate();
  mNextImageIndex = 0;
  mSupportedKeys = 0;
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::SetSupportedMediaKeys(
    const MediaKeysArray& aSupportedKeys) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mInitialized);

  uint32_t supportedKeys = 0;
  for (const mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey& key : aSupportedKeys) {
    supportedKeys |= GetMediaKeyMask(key);
  }

  if (supportedKeys == mSupportedKeys) {
    LOG("Supported keys stay the same");
    return;
  }

  LOG("Update supported keys");
  mSupportedKeys = supportedKeys;
  UpdateButtons();
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::UnregisterEvents() {
  if (mControls && mButtonPressedToken.value != 0) {
    mControls->remove_ButtonPressed(mButtonPressedToken);
  }

  if (mControls && mSeekRegistrationToken.value != 0) {
    ComPtr<ISystemMediaTransportControls2> smtc2;
    HRESULT hr = mControls.As(&smtc2);
    if (FAILED(hr)) {
      LOG("Failed to cast controls to ISystemMediaTransportControls2 (hr=%lx)",
          hr);
      return;
    }
    MOZ_ASSERT(smtc2);

    hr = smtc2->remove_PlaybackPositionChangeRequested(mSeekRegistrationToken);
    if (FAILED(hr)) {
      LOG("SystemMediaTransportControls: Failed unregister position change "
          "event (hr=%lx)",
          hr);
      return;
    }
  }
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::RegisterEvents() {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mControls);
  auto self = RefPtr<WindowsSMTCProvider>(this);
  auto callbackbtnPressed = Callback<
      ITypedEventHandler<SystemMediaTransportControls*,
                         SystemMediaTransportControlsButtonPressedEventArgs*>>(
      [this, self](ISystemMediaTransportControls*,
                   ISystemMediaTransportControlsButtonPressedEventArgs* pArgs)
          -> HRESULT {
        MOZ_ASSERT(pArgs);
        SystemMediaTransportControlsButton btn;

        if (FAILED(pArgs->get_Button(&btn))) {
          LOG("SystemMediaTransportControls: ButtonPressedEvent - Could "
              "not get Button.");
          return S_OK;  // Propagating the error probably wouldn't help.
        }

        Maybe<mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey> keyCode = TranslateKeycode(btn);
        if (keyCode.isSome() && IsOpened()) {
          OnButtonPressed(keyCode.value());
        }
        return S_OK;
      });

  if (FAILED(mControls->add_ButtonPressed(callbackbtnPressed.Get(),
                                          &mButtonPressedToken))) {
    LOG("SystemMediaTransportControls: Failed at "
        "registerEvents().add_ButtonPressed()");
    return false;
  }

  ComPtr<ISystemMediaTransportControls2> smtc2;
  HRESULT hr = mControls.As(&smtc2);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to cast controls to ISystemMediaTransportControls2 (hr=%lx)",
        hr);
    return false;
  }
  MOZ_ASSERT(smtc2);

  auto positionChangeRequested =
      Callback<ITypedEventHandler<SystemMediaTransportControls*,
                                  PlaybackPositionChangeRequestedEventArgs*>>(
          [this, self](
              ISystemMediaTransportControls*,
              IPlaybackPositionChangeRequestedEventArgs* pArgs) -> HRESULT {
            MOZ_ASSERT(pArgs);

            TimeSpan value;
            HRESULT hr = pArgs->get_RequestedPlaybackPosition(&value);
            if (FAILED(hr)) {
              LOG("SystemMediaTransportControls: Playback Position Change - "
                  "failed to get requested position (hr=%lx)",
                  hr);
              return S_OK;  // Propagating the error probably wouldn't help.
            }

            double position =
                static_cast<double>(value.Duration) / (1e6 * 10.0);
            this->OnPositionChangeRequested(position);

            return S_OK;
          });

  hr = smtc2->add_PlaybackPositionChangeRequested(positionChangeRequested.Get(),
                                                  &mSeekRegistrationToken);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("SystemMediaTransportControls: Failed to register position change "
        "event (hr=%lx)",
        hr);
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::OnButtonPressed(
    mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey aKey) const {
  if (!IsKeySupported(aKey)) {
    LOG("key: %s is not supported", dom::GetEnumString(aKey).get());
    return;
  }

  for (auto& listener : mListeners) {
    listener->OnActionPerformed(mozilla::dom::MediaControlAction(aKey));
  }
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::EnableControl(bool aEnabled) const {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mControls);
  return SUCCEEDED(mControls->put_IsEnabled(aEnabled));
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::UpdateButtons() {
  static const mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey kKeys[] = {
      mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Play,
      mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Pause,
      mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Previoustrack,
      mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Nexttrack,
      mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Stop,
      mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Seekto};

  bool success = true;
  for (const mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey& key : kKeys) {
    if (!EnableKey(key, IsKeySupported(key))) {
      success = false;
      LOG("Failed to set %s=%s", dom::GetEnumString(key).get(),
          IsKeySupported(key) ? "true" : "false");
    }
  }

  return success;
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::IsKeySupported(
    mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey aKey) const {
  return mSupportedKeys & GetMediaKeyMask(aKey);
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::EnableKey(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey aKey,
                                    bool aEnable) const {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mControls);
  switch (aKey) {
    case mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Play:
      return SUCCEEDED(mControls->put_IsPlayEnabled(aEnable));
    case mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Pause:
      return SUCCEEDED(mControls->put_IsPauseEnabled(aEnable));
    case mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Previoustrack:
      return SUCCEEDED(mControls->put_IsPreviousEnabled(aEnable));
    case mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Nexttrack:
      return SUCCEEDED(mControls->put_IsNextEnabled(aEnable));
    case mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Stop:
      return SUCCEEDED(mControls->put_IsStopEnabled(aEnable));
    case mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Seekto:
      // The callback for the event checks if the key is supported
      return mSeekRegistrationToken.value != 0;
    default:
      LOG("No button for %s", dom::GetEnumString(aKey).get());
      return false;
  }
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::OnPositionChangeRequested(double aPosition) const {
  if (!IsKeySupported(mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Seekto)) {
    LOG("Seekto is not supported");
    return;
  }

  for (const auto& listener : mListeners) {
    listener->OnActionPerformed(mozilla::dom::MediaControlAction(
        mozilla::dom::MediaControlKey::Seekto,
        mozilla::dom::SeekDetails(aPosition, false /* fast seek */)));
  }
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::InitDisplayAndControls() {
  // As Open() might be called multiple times, "cache" the results of the COM
  // API
  if (mControls && mDisplay) {
    return true;
  }
  ComPtr<ISystemMediaTransportControlsInterop> interop;
  HRESULT hr = GetActivationFactory(
      HStringReference(RuntimeClass_Windows_Media_SystemMediaTransportControls)
          .Get(),
      interop.GetAddressOf());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("SystemMediaTransportControls: Failed at instantiating the "
        "Interop object");
    return false;
  }
  MOZ_ASSERT(interop);

  if (!mControls && FAILED(interop->GetForWindow(
                        mWindow, IID_PPV_ARGS(mControls.GetAddressOf())))) {
    LOG("SystemMediaTransportControls: Failed at GetForWindow()");
    return false;
  }
  MOZ_ASSERT(mControls);

  if (!mDisplay &&
      FAILED(mControls->get_DisplayUpdater(mDisplay.GetAddressOf()))) {
    LOG("SystemMediaTransportControls: Failed at get_DisplayUpdater()");
  }

  MOZ_ASSERT(mDisplay);
  return true;
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::SetMusicMetadata(const nsString& aArtist,
                                           const nsString& aTitle) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mDisplay);
  ComPtr<IMusicDisplayProperties> musicProps;

  HRESULT hr = mDisplay->put_Type(MediaPlaybackType::MediaPlaybackType_Music);
  MOZ_ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr));
  (void)hr;
  hr = mDisplay->get_MusicProperties(musicProps.GetAddressOf());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to get music properties");
    return false;
  }

  hr = musicProps->put_Artist(HStringReference(aArtist.get()).Get());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set the music's artist");
    return false;
  }

  hr = musicProps->put_Title(HStringReference(aTitle.get()).Get());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set the music's title");
    return false;
  }

  hr = mDisplay->Update();
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to refresh the display");
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::SetPositionState(
    const mozilla::Maybe<mozilla::dom::PositionState>& aState) {
  ComPtr<ISystemMediaTransportControls2> smtc2;
  HRESULT hr = mControls.As(&smtc2);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to cast controls to ISystemMediaTransportControls2 (hr=%lx)",
        hr);
    return;
  }
  MOZ_ASSERT(smtc2);

  ComPtr<ISystemMediaTransportControlsTimelineProperties> properties;
  hr = RoActivateInstance(
      HStringReference(
          RuntimeClass_Windows_Media_SystemMediaTransportControlsTimelineProperties)
          .Get(),
      &properties);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to create timeline properties (hr=%lx)", hr);
    return;
  }
  MOZ_ASSERT(properties);

  // Converts a value in seconds to a TimeSpan
  // The TimeSpan's Duration is a value in 100ns ticks
  // https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/windows.foundation/ns-windows-foundation-timespan#members
  auto toTimeSpan = [this](double seconds) {
    constexpr double kMaxMicroseconds =
        static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<LONG64>::max() / 10);

    double microseconds = seconds * 1e6;

    if (microseconds > kMaxMicroseconds) {
      LOG("Failed to convert %f microseconds to TimeSpan (overflow)",
          microseconds);
      return TimeSpan{0};
    }

    return TimeSpan{static_cast<LONG64>(microseconds * 10.0)};
  };

  TimeSpan endTime{0};
  TimeSpan position{0};
  double playbackRate = 1.0;

  if (aState) {
    endTime = toTimeSpan(aState->mDuration);
    position = toTimeSpan(aState->CurrentPlaybackPosition());
    playbackRate = aState->mPlaybackRate;
  }

  hr = properties->put_StartTime({0});
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set the start time (hr=%lx)", hr);
    return;
  }

  hr = properties->put_MinSeekTime({0});
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set the min seek time (hr=%lx)", hr);
    return;
  }

  hr = properties->put_EndTime(endTime);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set the end time (hr=%lx)", hr);
    return;
  }

  hr = properties->put_MaxSeekTime(endTime);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set the max seek time (hr=%lx)", hr);
    return;
  }

  hr = properties->put_Position(position);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set the playback position (hr=%lx)", hr);
    return;
  }

  hr = smtc2->UpdateTimelineProperties(properties.Get());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to update timeline properties (hr=%lx)", hr);
    return;
  }

  hr = smtc2->put_PlaybackRate(playbackRate);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set the playback rate (hr=%lx)", hr);
    return;
  }
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::LoadThumbnail(
    const nsTArray<mozilla::dom::MediaImage>& aArtwork) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());

  // TODO: Sort the images by the preferred size or format.
  mArtwork = aArtwork;
  mNextImageIndex = 0;

  // Abort the loading if
  // 1) thumbnail is being updated, and one in processing is in the artwork
  // 2) thumbnail is not being updated, and one in use is in the artwork
  if (!mProcessingUrl.IsEmpty()) {
    LOG("Load thumbnail while image: %s is being processed",
        NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(mProcessingUrl).get());
    if (mozilla::dom::IsImageIn(mArtwork, mProcessingUrl)) {
      LOG("No need to load thumbnail. The one being processed is in the "
          "artwork");
      return;
    }
  } else if (!mThumbnailUrl.IsEmpty()) {
    if (mozilla::dom::IsImageIn(mArtwork, mThumbnailUrl)) {
      LOG("No need to load thumbnail. The one in use is in the artwork");
      return;
    }
  }

  // If there is a pending image store operation, that image must be different
  // from the new image will be loaded below, so the pending one should be
  // cancelled.
  CancelPendingStoreAsyncOperation();
  // Remove the current thumbnail on the interface
  ClearThumbnail();
  // Then load the new thumbnail asynchronously
  LoadImageAtIndex(mNextImageIndex++);
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::LoadImageAtIndex(const size_t aIndex) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());

  if (aIndex >= mArtwork.Length()) {
    LOG("Stop loading thumbnail. No more available images");
    mImageFetchRequest.DisconnectIfExists();
    mProcessingUrl.Truncate();
    return;
  }

  const mozilla::dom::MediaImage& image = mArtwork[aIndex];

  // TODO: No need to fetch the default image and do image processing since the
  // the default image is local file and it's trustworthy. For the default
  // image, we can use `CreateFromFile` to create the IRandomAccessStream. We
  // should probably cache it since it could be used very often (Bug 1643102)

  if (!mozilla::dom::IsValidImageUrl(image.mSrc)) {
    LOG("Skip the image with invalid URL. Try next image");
    mImageFetchRequest.DisconnectIfExists();
    LoadImageAtIndex(mNextImageIndex++);
    return;
  }

  mImageFetchRequest.DisconnectIfExists();
  mProcessingUrl = image.mSrc;

  mImageFetcher = mozilla::MakeUnique<mozilla::dom::FetchImageHelper>(image);
  RefPtr<WindowsSMTCProvider> self = this;
  mImageFetcher->FetchImage()
      ->Then(
          AbstractThread::MainThread(), __func__,
          [this, self](const nsCOMPtr<imgIContainer>& aImage) {
            LOG("The image is fetched successfully");
            mImageFetchRequest.Complete();

            // Although IMAGE_JPEG or IMAGE_BMP are valid types as well, but a
            // png image with transparent background will be converted into a
            // jpeg/bmp file with a colored background. IMAGE_PNG format seems
            // to be the best choice for now.
            uint32_t size = 0;
            char* src = nullptr;
            // Only used to hold the image data
            nsCOMPtr<nsIInputStream> inputStream;
            nsresult rv = mozilla::dom::GetEncodedImageBuffer(
                aImage, nsLiteralCString(IMAGE_PNG),
                getter_AddRefs(inputStream), &size, &src);
            if (NS_FAILED(rv) || !inputStream || size == 0 || !src) {
              LOG("Failed to get the image buffer info. Try next image");
              LoadImageAtIndex(mNextImageIndex++);
              return;
            }

            LoadImage(src, size);
          },
          [this, self](bool) {
            LOG("Failed to fetch image. Try next image");
            mImageFetchRequest.Complete();
            LoadImageAtIndex(mNextImageIndex++);
          })
      ->Track(mImageFetchRequest);
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::LoadImage(const char* aImageData,
                                    uint32_t aDataSize) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());

  // 1. Use mImageDataWriter to write the binary data of image into mImageStream
  // 2. Refer the image by mImageStreamReference and then set it to the SMTC
  // In case of the race condition between they are being destroyed and the
  // async operation for image loading, mImageDataWriter, mImageStream, and
  // mImageStreamReference are member variables

  HRESULT hr = ActivateInstance(
      HStringReference(
          RuntimeClass_Windows_Storage_Streams_InMemoryRandomAccessStream)
          .Get(),
      mImageStream.GetAddressOf());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to make mImageStream refer to an instance of "
        "InMemoryRandomAccessStream");
    return;
  }

  ComPtr<IOutputStream> outputStream;
  hr = mImageStream.As(&outputStream);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed when query IOutputStream interface from mImageStream");
    return;
  }

  ComPtr<IDataWriterFactory> dataWriterFactory;
  hr = GetActivationFactory(
      HStringReference(RuntimeClass_Windows_Storage_Streams_DataWriter).Get(),
      dataWriterFactory.GetAddressOf());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to get an activation factory for IDataWriterFactory");
    return;
  }

  hr = dataWriterFactory->CreateDataWriter(outputStream.Get(),
                                           mImageDataWriter.GetAddressOf());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to create mImageDataWriter that writes data to mImageStream");
    return;
  }

  hr = mImageDataWriter->WriteBytes(
      aDataSize, reinterpret_cast<BYTE*>(const_cast<char*>(aImageData)));
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to write data to mImageStream");
    return;
  }

  hr = mImageDataWriter->StoreAsync(&mStoreAsyncOperation);
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to create a DataWriterStoreOperation for mStoreAsyncOperation");
    return;
  }

  // Upon the image is stored in mImageStream, set the image to the SMTC
  // interface
  auto onStoreCompleted = Callback<
      IAsyncOperationCompletedHandler<unsigned int>>(
      [this, self = RefPtr<WindowsSMTCProvider>(this),
       aImageUrl = nsString(mProcessingUrl)](
          IAsyncOperation<unsigned int>* aAsyncOp, AsyncStatus aStatus) {
        MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());

        if (aStatus != AsyncStatus::Completed) {
          LOG("Asynchronous operation is not completed");
          return E_ABORT;
        }

        HRESULT hr = S_OK;
        IAsyncInfo* asyncInfo = GetIAsyncInfo(aAsyncOp);
        asyncInfo->get_ErrorCode(&hr);
        if (FAILED(hr)) {
          LOG("Failed to get termination status of the asynchronous operation");
          return hr;
        }

        if (!UpdateThumbnail(aImageUrl)) {
          LOG("Failed to update thumbnail");
        }

        // If an error occurs above:
        // - If aImageUrl is not mProcessingUrl. It's fine.
        // - If aImageUrl is mProcessingUrl, then mProcessingUrl won't be reset.
        //   Therefore the thumbnail will remain empty until a new image whose
        //   url is different from mProcessingUrl is loaded.

        return S_OK;
      });

  hr = mStoreAsyncOperation->put_Completed(onStoreCompleted.Get());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to set callback on completeing the asynchronous operation");
  }
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::SetThumbnail(const nsAString& aUrl) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mDisplay);
  MOZ_ASSERT(mImageStream);
  MOZ_ASSERT(!aUrl.IsEmpty());

  ComPtr<IRandomAccessStreamReferenceStatics> streamRefFactory;

  HRESULT hr = GetActivationFactory(
      HStringReference(
          RuntimeClass_Windows_Storage_Streams_RandomAccessStreamReference)
          .Get(),
      streamRefFactory.GetAddressOf());
  auto cleanup =
      MakeScopeExit([this, self = RefPtr<WindowsSMTCProvider>(this)] {
        LOG("Clean mThumbnailUrl");
        mThumbnailUrl.Truncate();
      });

  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to get an activation factory for "
        "IRandomAccessStreamReferenceStatics type");
    return false;
  }

  hr = streamRefFactory->CreateFromStream(mImageStream.Get(),
                                          mImageStreamReference.GetAddressOf());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to create mImageStreamReference from mImageStream");
    return false;
  }

  hr = mDisplay->put_Thumbnail(mImageStreamReference.Get());
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to update thumbnail");
    return false;
  }

  hr = mDisplay->Update();
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    LOG("Failed to refresh display");
    return false;
  }

  // No need to clean mThumbnailUrl since thumbnail is set successfully
  cleanup.release();
  mThumbnailUrl = aUrl;

  return true;
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::ClearThumbnail() {
  MOZ_ASSERT(mDisplay);
  HRESULT hr = mDisplay->put_Thumbnail(nullptr);
  MOZ_ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr));
  hr = mDisplay->Update();
  MOZ_ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr));
  (void)hr;
  mThumbnailUrl.Truncate();
}

bool WindowsSMTCProvider::UpdateThumbnail(const nsAString& aUrl) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(NS_IsMainThread());

  if (!IsOpened()) {
    LOG("Abort the thumbnail update: SMTC is closed");
    return false;
  }

  if (aUrl != mProcessingUrl) {
    LOG("Abort the thumbnail update: The image from %s is out of date",
        NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(aUrl).get());
    return false;
  }

  mProcessingUrl.Truncate();

  if (!SetThumbnail(aUrl)) {
    LOG("Failed to update thumbnail");
    return false;
  }

  MOZ_ASSERT(mThumbnailUrl == aUrl);
  LOG("The thumbnail is updated to the image from: %s",
      NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(mThumbnailUrl).get());
  return true;
}

void WindowsSMTCProvider::CancelPendingStoreAsyncOperation() const {
  if (mStoreAsyncOperation) {
    IAsyncInfo* asyncInfo = GetIAsyncInfo(mStoreAsyncOperation.Get());
    asyncInfo->Cancel();
  }
}

#endif  // __MINGW32__