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"""Four buttons - 2 buttons + 2 more "buttons"!
A little example of using pins 1 & 2 an extra 2 buttons. By Tom Viner
Explanation and see running:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ofUJ6Mgk4k
"""
import microbit
# define some constants
DISPLAY_WIDTH = 5
DISPLAY_HEIGHT = 5
MIN_BRIGHTNESS = 0
MAX_BRIGHTNESS = 9
# A maths functions to help us
def clamp(minimum, n, maximum):
"""Return the nearest value to n, that's within minimum to maximum (incl)
"""
return max(minimum, min(n, maximum))
# Helpers for controling the display
def light(brightness, filter):
"""Light up all pixels matching the filter function
"""
brightness = clamp(MIN_BRIGHTNESS, round(brightness), MAX_BRIGHTNESS)
for col in range(DISPLAY_WIDTH):
for row in range(DISPLAY_HEIGHT):
if filter(col, row):
microbit.display.set_pixel(col, row, brightness)
def light_column(column):
"""Light up a whole column to max brightness
"""
def filter_column(col, row):
"""For a given pixel position, turn on if it matches our column
"""
return col == column
light(MAX_BRIGHTNESS, filter_column)
def light_row(row):
"""Light up a whole row to max brightness
"""
def filter_row(col, rw):
"""For a given pixel position, turn on if it matches our row
"""
return rw == row
light(MAX_BRIGHTNESS, filter_row)
def fade_display():
"""Reduce every pixel by 1 brightness level
This means as we draw new things, the old ones will fade away
"""
for col in range(5):
for row in range(5):
brightness = microbit.display.get_pixel(col, row)
# reduce by one, but make sure it's still in 0 to 9
brightness = clamp(MIN_BRIGHTNESS, brightness - 1, MAX_BRIGHTNESS)
microbit.display.set_pixel(col, row, brightness)
def paint_box(top=0, bottom=DISPLAY_HEIGHT-1, left=0, right=DISPLAY_WIDTH-1):
"""Draw a filled in rectangle on the display
"""
def filter_box(col, row):
"""For a given pixel position, turn it on if it's with the bounds
"""
# remember rows count from 0 at the top!
correct_vertical = top <= row <= bottom
correct_horizontal = left <= col <= right
return correct_vertical and correct_horizontal
light(MAX_BRIGHTNESS, filter_box)
# Our main functions
def pin_is_touched(n):
"""Pass in a pin number (1 or 2),
get back True if it's being touched right now
In this way, it acts just like microbit.button_a.is_pressed()
"""
pin = getattr(microbit, 'pin{}'.format(n))
return pin.read_analog() > 300
def four_buttons():
"""Push buttons, touch pins, see if you can light up the whole display!
"""
a_is_pressed = microbit.button_a.is_pressed()
b_is_pressed = microbit.button_b.is_pressed()
# let's call the two pin-buttons c and d:
c_is_pressed = pin_is_touched(1)
d_is_pressed = pin_is_touched(2)
if a_is_pressed:
light_row(2)
paint_box(right=1)
if b_is_pressed:
light_row(3)
paint_box(left=3)
if c_is_pressed:
light_column(1)
paint_box(bottom=1)
if d_is_pressed:
light_column(3)
paint_box(top=3)
while True:
four_buttons()
microbit.sleep(10)
# fade all pixels by one brightness level
fade_display()
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