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|
!**********************************************************************
! Copyright 1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2005,2007,2008,2009,2010 *
! Andreas Stohl, Petra Seibert, A. Frank, Gerhard Wotawa, *
! Caroline Forster, Sabine Eckhardt, John Burkhart, Harald Sodemann *
! *
! This file is part of FLEXPART. *
! *
! FLEXPART is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify *
! it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by*
! the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or *
! (at your option) any later version. *
! *
! FLEXPART is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
! but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
! MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the *
! GNU General Public License for more details. *
! *
! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License *
! along with FLEXPART. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *
!**********************************************************************
subroutine verttransform(n,uuh,vvh,wwh,pvh)
! i i i i i
!*****************************************************************************
! *
! This subroutine transforms temperature, dew point temperature and *
! wind components from eta to meter coordinates. *
! The vertical wind component is transformed from Pa/s to m/s using *
! the conversion factor pinmconv. *
! In addition, this routine calculates vertical density gradients *
! needed for the parameterization of the turbulent velocities. *
! *
! Author: A. Stohl, G. Wotawa *
! *
! 12 August 1996 *
! Update: 16 January 1998 *
! *
! Major update: 17 February 1999 *
! by G. Wotawa *
! CHANGE 17/11/2005 Caroline Forster, NCEP GFS version *
! *
! - Vertical levels for u, v and w are put together *
! - Slope correction for vertical velocity: Modification of calculation *
! procedure *
! *
!*****************************************************************************
! Changes, Bernd C. Krueger, Feb. 2001:
! Variables tth and qvh (on eta coordinates) from common block
!*****************************************************************************
! *
! Variables: *
! nx,ny,nz field dimensions in x,y and z direction *
! uu(0:nxmax,0:nymax,nzmax,2) wind components in x-direction [m/s] *
! vv(0:nxmax,0:nymax,nzmax,2) wind components in y-direction [m/s] *
! ww(0:nxmax,0:nymax,nzmax,2) wind components in z-direction [deltaeta/s]*
! tt(0:nxmax,0:nymax,nzmax,2) temperature [K] *
! pv(0:nxmax,0:nymax,nzmax,2) potential voriticity (pvu) *
! ps(0:nxmax,0:nymax,2) surface pressure [Pa] *
! clouds(0:nxmax,0:nymax,0:nzmax,2) cloud field for wet deposition *
! *
!*****************************************************************************
use par_mod
use com_mod
use cmapf_mod
implicit none
integer :: ix,jy,kz,iz,n,kmin,kl,klp,ix1,jy1,ixp,jyp,ixm,jym
integer :: rain_cloud_above,kz_inv
real :: f_qvsat,pressure
real :: rh,lsp,convp
real :: uvzlev(nuvzmax),rhoh(nuvzmax),pinmconv(nzmax)
real :: ew,pint,tv,tvold,pold,dz1,dz2,dz,ui,vi
real :: xlon,ylat,xlonr,dzdx,dzdy
real :: dzdx1,dzdx2,dzdy1,dzdy2
real :: uuaux,vvaux,uupolaux,vvpolaux,ddpol,ffpol,wdummy
real :: uuh(0:nxmax-1,0:nymax-1,nuvzmax)
real :: vvh(0:nxmax-1,0:nymax-1,nuvzmax)
real :: pvh(0:nxmax-1,0:nymax-1,nuvzmax)
real :: wwh(0:nxmax-1,0:nymax-1,nwzmax)
real :: wzlev(nwzmax),uvwzlev(0:nxmax-1,0:nymax-1,nzmax)
real,parameter :: const=r_air/ga
! NCEP version
integer :: llev, i
logical :: init = .true.
!*************************************************************************
! If verttransform is called the first time, initialize heights of the *
! z levels in meter. The heights are the heights of model levels, where *
! u,v,T and qv are given, and of the interfaces, where w is given. So, *
! the vertical resolution in the z system is doubled. As reference point,*
! the lower left corner of the grid is used. *
! Unlike in the eta system, no difference between heights for u,v and *
! heights for w exists. *
!*************************************************************************
if (init) then
! Search for a point with high surface pressure (i.e. not above significant topography)
! Then, use this point to construct a reference z profile, to be used at all times
!*****************************************************************************
do jy=0,nymin1
do ix=0,nxmin1
if (ps(ix,jy,1,n).gt.100000.) then
ixm=ix
jym=jy
goto 3
endif
end do
end do
3 continue
tvold=tt2(ixm,jym,1,n)*(1.+0.378*ew(td2(ixm,jym,1,n))/ &
ps(ixm,jym,1,n))
pold=ps(ixm,jym,1,n)
height(1)=0.
do kz=2,nuvz
pint=akz(kz)+bkz(kz)*ps(ixm,jym,1,n)
tv=tth(ixm,jym,kz,n)*(1.+0.608*qvh(ixm,jym,kz,n))
! NOTE: In FLEXPART versions up to 4.0, the number of model levels was doubled
! upon the transformation to z levels. In order to save computer memory, this is
! not done anymore in the standard version. However, this option can still be
! switched on by replacing the following lines with those below, that are
! currently commented out.
! Note that two more changes are necessary in this subroutine below.
! One change is also necessary in gridcheck.f, and another one in verttransform_nests.
!*****************************************************************************
if (abs(tv-tvold).gt.0.2) then
height(kz)= &
height(kz-1)+const*log(pold/pint)* &
(tv-tvold)/log(tv/tvold)
else
height(kz)=height(kz-1)+ &
const*log(pold/pint)*tv
endif
! Switch on following lines to use doubled vertical resolution
!*************************************************************
! if (abs(tv-tvold).gt.0.2) then
! height((kz-1)*2)=
! + height(max((kz-2)*2,1))+const*log(pold/pint)*
! + (tv-tvold)/log(tv/tvold)
! else
! height((kz-1)*2)=height(max((kz-2)*2,1))+
! + const*log(pold/pint)*tv
! endif
! End doubled vertical resolution
tvold=tv
pold=pint
end do
! Switch on following lines to use doubled vertical resolution
!*************************************************************
! do 7 kz=3,nz-1,2
! height(kz)=0.5*(height(kz-1)+height(kz+1))
! height(nz)=height(nz-1)+height(nz-1)-height(nz-2)
! End doubled vertical resolution
! Determine highest levels that can be within PBL
!************************************************
do kz=1,nz
if (height(kz).gt.hmixmax) then
nmixz=kz
goto 9
endif
end do
9 continue
! Do not repeat initialization of the Cartesian z grid
!*****************************************************
init=.false.
endif
! Loop over the whole grid
!*************************
do jy=0,nymin1
do ix=0,nxmin1
! NCEP version: find first level above ground
llev = 0
do i=1,nuvz
if (ps(ix,jy,1,n).lt.akz(i)) llev=i
end do
llev = llev+1
if (llev.gt.nuvz-2) llev = nuvz-2
! if (llev.eq.nuvz-2) write(*,*) 'verttransform
! +WARNING: LLEV eq NUZV-2'
! NCEP version
! compute height of pressure levels above ground
!***********************************************
tvold=tth(ix,jy,llev,n)*(1.+0.608*qvh(ix,jy,llev,n))
pold=akz(llev)
uvzlev(llev)=0.
wzlev(llev)=0.
uvwzlev(ix,jy,llev)=0.
rhoh(llev)=pold/(r_air*tvold)
do kz=llev+1,nuvz
pint=akz(kz)+bkz(kz)*ps(ix,jy,1,n)
tv=tth(ix,jy,kz,n)*(1.+0.608*qvh(ix,jy,kz,n))
rhoh(kz)=pint/(r_air*tv)
if (abs(tv-tvold).gt.0.2) then
uvzlev(kz)=uvzlev(kz-1)+const*log(pold/pint)* &
(tv-tvold)/log(tv/tvold)
else
uvzlev(kz)=uvzlev(kz-1)+const*log(pold/pint)*tv
endif
wzlev(kz)=uvzlev(kz)
uvwzlev(ix,jy,kz)=uvzlev(kz)
tvold=tv
pold=pint
end do
! Switch on following lines to use doubled vertical resolution
! Switch off the three lines above.
!*************************************************************
!22 uvwzlev(ix,jy,(kz-1)*2)=uvzlev(kz)
! do 23 kz=2,nwz
!23 uvwzlev(ix,jy,(kz-1)*2+1)=wzlev(kz)
! End doubled vertical resolution
! pinmconv=(h2-h1)/(p2-p1)
pinmconv(llev)=(uvwzlev(ix,jy,llev+1)-uvwzlev(ix,jy,llev))/ &
((aknew(llev+1)+bknew(llev+1)*ps(ix,jy,1,n))- &
(aknew(llev)+bknew(llev)*ps(ix,jy,1,n)))
do kz=llev+1,nz-1
pinmconv(kz)=(uvwzlev(ix,jy,kz+1)-uvwzlev(ix,jy,kz-1))/ &
((aknew(kz+1)+bknew(kz+1)*ps(ix,jy,1,n))- &
(aknew(kz-1)+bknew(kz-1)*ps(ix,jy,1,n)))
end do
pinmconv(nz)=(uvwzlev(ix,jy,nz)-uvwzlev(ix,jy,nz-1))/ &
((aknew(nz)+bknew(nz)*ps(ix,jy,1,n))- &
(aknew(nz-1)+bknew(nz-1)*ps(ix,jy,1,n)))
! Levels, where u,v,t and q are given
!************************************
uu(ix,jy,1,n)=uuh(ix,jy,llev)
vv(ix,jy,1,n)=vvh(ix,jy,llev)
tt(ix,jy,1,n)=tth(ix,jy,llev,n)
qv(ix,jy,1,n)=qvh(ix,jy,llev,n)
pv(ix,jy,1,n)=pvh(ix,jy,llev)
rho(ix,jy,1,n)=rhoh(llev)
pplev(ix,jy,1,n)=akz(llev)
uu(ix,jy,nz,n)=uuh(ix,jy,nuvz)
vv(ix,jy,nz,n)=vvh(ix,jy,nuvz)
tt(ix,jy,nz,n)=tth(ix,jy,nuvz,n)
qv(ix,jy,nz,n)=qvh(ix,jy,nuvz,n)
pv(ix,jy,nz,n)=pvh(ix,jy,nuvz)
rho(ix,jy,nz,n)=rhoh(nuvz)
pplev(ix,jy,nz,n)=akz(nuvz)
kmin=llev+1
do iz=2,nz-1
do kz=kmin,nuvz
if(height(iz).gt.uvzlev(nuvz)) then
uu(ix,jy,iz,n)=uu(ix,jy,nz,n)
vv(ix,jy,iz,n)=vv(ix,jy,nz,n)
tt(ix,jy,iz,n)=tt(ix,jy,nz,n)
qv(ix,jy,iz,n)=qv(ix,jy,nz,n)
pv(ix,jy,iz,n)=pv(ix,jy,nz,n)
rho(ix,jy,iz,n)=rho(ix,jy,nz,n)
pplev(ix,jy,iz,n)=pplev(ix,jy,nz,n)
goto 30
endif
if ((height(iz).gt.uvzlev(kz-1)).and. &
(height(iz).le.uvzlev(kz))) then
dz1=height(iz)-uvzlev(kz-1)
dz2=uvzlev(kz)-height(iz)
dz=dz1+dz2
uu(ix,jy,iz,n)=(uuh(ix,jy,kz-1)*dz2+uuh(ix,jy,kz)*dz1)/dz
vv(ix,jy,iz,n)=(vvh(ix,jy,kz-1)*dz2+vvh(ix,jy,kz)*dz1)/dz
tt(ix,jy,iz,n)=(tth(ix,jy,kz-1,n)*dz2 &
+tth(ix,jy,kz,n)*dz1)/dz
qv(ix,jy,iz,n)=(qvh(ix,jy,kz-1,n)*dz2 &
+qvh(ix,jy,kz,n)*dz1)/dz
pv(ix,jy,iz,n)=(pvh(ix,jy,kz-1)*dz2+pvh(ix,jy,kz)*dz1)/dz
rho(ix,jy,iz,n)=(rhoh(kz-1)*dz2+rhoh(kz)*dz1)/dz
pplev(ix,jy,iz,n)=(akz(kz-1)*dz2+akz(kz)*dz1)/dz
endif
end do
30 continue
end do
! Levels, where w is given
!*************************
ww(ix,jy,1,n)=wwh(ix,jy,llev)*pinmconv(llev)
ww(ix,jy,nz,n)=wwh(ix,jy,nwz)*pinmconv(nz)
kmin=llev+1
do iz=2,nz
do kz=kmin,nwz
if ((height(iz).gt.wzlev(kz-1)).and. &
(height(iz).le.wzlev(kz))) then
dz1=height(iz)-wzlev(kz-1)
dz2=wzlev(kz)-height(iz)
dz=dz1+dz2
ww(ix,jy,iz,n)=(wwh(ix,jy,kz-1)*pinmconv(kz-1)*dz2 &
+wwh(ix,jy,kz)*pinmconv(kz)*dz1)/dz
endif
end do
end do
! Compute density gradients at intermediate levels
!*************************************************
drhodz(ix,jy,1,n)=(rho(ix,jy,2,n)-rho(ix,jy,1,n))/ &
(height(2)-height(1))
do kz=2,nz-1
drhodz(ix,jy,kz,n)=(rho(ix,jy,kz+1,n)-rho(ix,jy,kz-1,n))/ &
(height(kz+1)-height(kz-1))
end do
drhodz(ix,jy,nz,n)=drhodz(ix,jy,nz-1,n)
end do
end do
!****************************************************************
! Compute slope of eta levels in windward direction and resulting
! vertical wind correction
!****************************************************************
do jy=1,ny-2
do ix=1,nx-2
! NCEP version: find first level above ground
llev = 0
do i=1,nuvz
if (ps(ix,jy,1,n).lt.akz(i)) llev=i
end do
llev = llev+1
if (llev.gt.nuvz-2) llev = nuvz-2
! if (llev.eq.nuvz-2) write(*,*) 'verttransform
! +WARNING: LLEV eq NUZV-2'
! NCEP version
kmin=llev+1
do iz=2,nz-1
ui=uu(ix,jy,iz,n)*dxconst/cos((real(jy)*dy+ylat0)*pi180)
vi=vv(ix,jy,iz,n)*dyconst
do kz=kmin,nz
if ((height(iz).gt.uvwzlev(ix,jy,kz-1)).and. &
(height(iz).le.uvwzlev(ix,jy,kz))) then
dz1=height(iz)-uvwzlev(ix,jy,kz-1)
dz2=uvwzlev(ix,jy,kz)-height(iz)
dz=dz1+dz2
kl=kz-1
klp=kz
goto 47
endif
end do
47 ix1=ix-1
jy1=jy-1
ixp=ix+1
jyp=jy+1
dzdx1=(uvwzlev(ixp,jy,kl)-uvwzlev(ix1,jy,kl))/2.
dzdx2=(uvwzlev(ixp,jy,klp)-uvwzlev(ix1,jy,klp))/2.
dzdx=(dzdx1*dz2+dzdx2*dz1)/dz
dzdy1=(uvwzlev(ix,jyp,kl)-uvwzlev(ix,jy1,kl))/2.
dzdy2=(uvwzlev(ix,jyp,klp)-uvwzlev(ix,jy1,klp))/2.
dzdy=(dzdy1*dz2+dzdy2*dz1)/dz
ww(ix,jy,iz,n)=ww(ix,jy,iz,n)+(dzdx*ui+dzdy*vi)
end do
end do
end do
! If north pole is in the domain, calculate wind velocities in polar
! stereographic coordinates
!*******************************************************************
if (nglobal) then
do jy=int(switchnorthg)-2,nymin1
ylat=ylat0+real(jy)*dy
do ix=0,nxmin1
xlon=xlon0+real(ix)*dx
do iz=1,nz
call cc2gll(northpolemap,ylat,xlon,uu(ix,jy,iz,n), &
vv(ix,jy,iz,n),uupol(ix,jy,iz,n), &
vvpol(ix,jy,iz,n))
end do
end do
end do
do iz=1,nz
! CALCULATE FFPOL, DDPOL FOR CENTRAL GRID POINT
xlon=xlon0+real(nx/2-1)*dx
xlonr=xlon*pi/180.
ffpol=sqrt(uu(nx/2-1,nymin1,iz,n)**2+ &
vv(nx/2-1,nymin1,iz,n)**2)
if(vv(nx/2-1,nymin1,iz,n).lt.0.) then
ddpol=atan(uu(nx/2-1,nymin1,iz,n)/ &
vv(nx/2-1,nymin1,iz,n))-xlonr
elseif (vv(nx/2-1,nymin1,iz,n).gt.0.) then
ddpol=pi+atan(uu(nx/2-1,nymin1,iz,n)/ &
vv(nx/2-1,nymin1,iz,n))-xlonr
else
ddpol=pi/2-xlonr
endif
if(ddpol.lt.0.) ddpol=2.0*pi+ddpol
if(ddpol.gt.2.0*pi) ddpol=ddpol-2.0*pi
! CALCULATE U,V FOR 180 DEG, TRANSFORM TO POLAR STEREOGRAPHIC GRID
xlon=180.0
xlonr=xlon*pi/180.
ylat=90.0
uuaux=-ffpol*sin(xlonr+ddpol)
vvaux=-ffpol*cos(xlonr+ddpol)
call cc2gll(northpolemap,ylat,xlon,uuaux,vvaux,uupolaux, &
vvpolaux)
jy=nymin1
do ix=0,nxmin1
uupol(ix,jy,iz,n)=uupolaux
vvpol(ix,jy,iz,n)=vvpolaux
end do
end do
! Fix: Set W at pole to the zonally averaged W of the next equator-
! ward parallel of latitude
do iz=1,nz
wdummy=0.
jy=ny-2
do ix=0,nxmin1
wdummy=wdummy+ww(ix,jy,iz,n)
end do
wdummy=wdummy/real(nx)
jy=nymin1
do ix=0,nxmin1
ww(ix,jy,iz,n)=wdummy
end do
end do
endif
! If south pole is in the domain, calculate wind velocities in polar
! stereographic coordinates
!*******************************************************************
if (sglobal) then
do jy=0,int(switchsouthg)+3
ylat=ylat0+real(jy)*dy
do ix=0,nxmin1
xlon=xlon0+real(ix)*dx
do iz=1,nz
call cc2gll(southpolemap,ylat,xlon,uu(ix,jy,iz,n), &
vv(ix,jy,iz,n),uupol(ix,jy,iz,n), &
vvpol(ix,jy,iz,n))
end do
end do
end do
do iz=1,nz
! CALCULATE FFPOL, DDPOL FOR CENTRAL GRID POINT
xlon=xlon0+real(nx/2-1)*dx
xlonr=xlon*pi/180.
ffpol=sqrt(uu(nx/2-1,0,iz,n)**2+ &
vv(nx/2-1,0,iz,n)**2)
if(vv(nx/2-1,0,iz,n).lt.0.) then
ddpol=atan(uu(nx/2-1,0,iz,n)/ &
vv(nx/2-1,0,iz,n))+xlonr
elseif (vv(nx/2-1,0,iz,n).gt.0.) then
ddpol=pi+atan(uu(nx/2-1,0,iz,n)/ &
vv(nx/2-1,0,iz,n))-xlonr
else
ddpol=pi/2-xlonr
endif
if(ddpol.lt.0.) ddpol=2.0*pi+ddpol
if(ddpol.gt.2.0*pi) ddpol=ddpol-2.0*pi
! CALCULATE U,V FOR 180 DEG, TRANSFORM TO POLAR STEREOGRAPHIC GRID
xlon=180.0
xlonr=xlon*pi/180.
ylat=-90.0
uuaux=+ffpol*sin(xlonr-ddpol)
vvaux=-ffpol*cos(xlonr-ddpol)
call cc2gll(northpolemap,ylat,xlon,uuaux,vvaux,uupolaux, &
vvpolaux)
jy=0
do ix=0,nxmin1
uupol(ix,jy,iz,n)=uupolaux
vvpol(ix,jy,iz,n)=vvpolaux
end do
end do
! Fix: Set W at pole to the zonally averaged W of the next equator-
! ward parallel of latitude
do iz=1,nz
wdummy=0.
jy=1
do ix=0,nxmin1
wdummy=wdummy+ww(ix,jy,iz,n)
end do
wdummy=wdummy/real(nx)
jy=0
do ix=0,nxmin1
ww(ix,jy,iz,n)=wdummy
end do
end do
endif
! write (*,*) 'initializing clouds, n:',n,nymin1,nxmin1,nz
! create a cloud and rainout/washout field, clouds occur where rh>80%
! total cloudheight is stored at level 0
do jy=0,nymin1
do ix=0,nxmin1
rain_cloud_above=0
lsp=lsprec(ix,jy,1,n)
convp=convprec(ix,jy,1,n)
cloudsh(ix,jy,n)=0
do kz_inv=1,nz-1
kz=nz-kz_inv+1
pressure=rho(ix,jy,kz,n)*r_air*tt(ix,jy,kz,n)
rh=qv(ix,jy,kz,n)/f_qvsat(pressure,tt(ix,jy,kz,n))
clouds(ix,jy,kz,n)=0
if (rh.gt.0.8) then ! in cloud
if ((lsp.gt.0.01).or.(convp.gt.0.01)) then ! cloud and precipitation
rain_cloud_above=1
cloudsh(ix,jy,n)=cloudsh(ix,jy,n)+ &
height(kz)-height(kz-1)
if (lsp.ge.convp) then
clouds(ix,jy,kz,n)=3 ! lsp dominated rainout
else
clouds(ix,jy,kz,n)=2 ! convp dominated rainout
endif
else ! no precipitation
clouds(ix,jy,kz,n)=1 ! cloud
endif
else ! no cloud
if (rain_cloud_above.eq.1) then ! scavenging
if (lsp.ge.convp) then
clouds(ix,jy,kz,n)=5 ! lsp dominated washout
else
clouds(ix,jy,kz,n)=4 ! convp dominated washout
endif
endif
endif
end do
end do
end do
end subroutine verttransform
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