1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
|
FreeIPMI - Copyright (C) 2003-2010 FreeIPMI Core Team
FreeIPMI
--------
FreeIPMI provides in-band and out-of-band IPMI software based on the
IPMI v1.5/2.0 specification.
What is IPMI?
-------------
The IPMI specification defines a set of interfaces for platform
management. It is utilized by a wide variety of vendors for system
management on motherboards. The features of IPMI that most users will
be interested in are sensor monitoring, remote power control,
serial-over-LAN (SOL), and system debugging. The FreeIPMI tools and
libraries listed below should provide users with the ability to access
and utilize these features.
Getting Started with IPMI
-------------------------
IPMI can be used in-band (i.e. running on a machine locally) or
out-of-band (i.e. connecting remotely).
Most FreeIPMI tools can operate in-band by using one of the in-band
drivers included. These in-band drivers include a direct KCS
interface driver, a Linux SSIF driver through the SSIF device
(i.e. /dev/i2c-0), the OpenIPMI Linux kernel driver (i.e. /dev/ipmi0),
and the Sun/Solaris BMC driver (i.e. /dev/bmc). If your system
requires the use of installed drivers, those appropriate modules must
be installed ahead of time. However, most systems should
automatically load these drivers when appropriate.
Under most scenarios, the FreeIPMI tools should automatically discover
which in-band interface to use and the proper settings to use. Users
may execute the tools on the command line to begin using them. Some
motherboards may require you to determine driver type, addresses,
paths, etc. on your own and pass them as command line options to the
tools. You may use ipmi-locate(8) to help determine this information.
Other tools such as dmidecode(8) may also provide this information.
To use IPMI out-of-band with tools such as ipmipower(8) or
ipmi-sensors(8), the remote machine's BMC must first be configured for
out of band communication. Typically, this involves setting a
username, password, IP address, MAC address, and a few other
parameters. This can be done using the tool bmc-config(8).
Additional information on how to configure with bmc-config(8) can be
found in the bmc-config.conf(5) manpage. Some vendors may
pre-configure their motherboards with default values so that
bmc-config(8) can be used remotely to configure the machine. However,
most of the time, the BMC must be configured in-band before
out-of-band access can be allowed (for example, the correct IP address
and MAC address must be configured).
In order to remotely connect to a machine, you typically must specify
the host, username, and password for the tool in order to connect.
Depending on configuration settings, a K_g key, privilege level,
authentication type, cipher suite id, or protocol version may need to
be specified.
Some vendors may have not implemented IPMI properly and a workaround
must be specified into FreeIPMI to ensure the tool can execute
properly. For example, a fair number of vendors have populated their
FRU records with invalid checksums. To properly ignore these set of
checksums a 'skipchecks' workaround has been added to ipmi-fru(8).
Please see each of the tool manpages to see a list of available
workarounds.
Additional information, examples, and general trouble-shooting can be
found in each of the tool manpages.
General Use
-----------
The primary tools that most users of FreeIPMI will be interested in
for system management are the following:
Ipmi-sensors
A tool to read IPMI sensor readings to aid in system monitoring.
Ipmi-sel
A tool to read and manage IPMI System Event Log (SEL) records to aid
in system debugging.
Ipmipower
A tool for remote power control.
Ipmiconsole
A tool for Serial-over-Lan (SOL) console access.
Many other tools and libraries are listed below that cover additional
features and areas of IPMI.
Additional information, examples, and general trouble-shooting can be
found in each of the tool manpages.
Configuration
-------------
In order to avoid typing in a long list of command line options to
specify IPMI communication requirements everytime a command is
executed (e.g. driver paths, usernames, passwords, etc.), an
alternate set of default values can be set for most FreeIPMI
tools in the FreeIPMI configuration file. See freeipmi.conf(5)
for more information.
HPC Support
-----------
Much of FreeIPMI was written with HPC support in mind. The
configuration tools (bmc-config(8), pef-config(8),
ipmi-sensors-config(8), and ipmi-chassis-config(8), come with file
input/output support so that configuration can be copied and verified
across nodes in a cluster. Most tools (like ipmipower(8) and
ipmi-sensors(8)) come with hostrange support so multiple hosts can be
specified on the command line at the same time and IPMI can be
executed against the hosts in parallel. See tool manpages for more
information. Also see the document freeipmi-hostrange.txt for
detailed usage and explanation. Ipmi-sensors(8) and the
libipmimonitoring(3) library support the ability to interpret sensor
readings as well as just reporting them. By mapping sensor readings
into NOMINAL, WARNING, or CRITICAL states, it makes monitoring sensors
easier across large numbers of nodes.
Development
-----------
For information on the libraries that can be used to program IPMI
applications with, please see, please see libfreeipmi(3),
libipmiconsole(3), libipmimonitoring(3), and libipmidetect(3). Or
see the document freeipmi-libraries.txt.
Project Tools
-------------
The following tools are distributed and supported by FreeIPMI.
Bmc-info
A tool to read information about a BMC such as device version numbers,
device support, and globally unique IDs (guids).
Bmc-config
A tool to configure general BMC and IPMI information. Supports
configuration of usernames, passwords, networking information,
security, Serial-over-LAN (SOL), and other core fields.
Bmc-watchdog
A tool/daemon to manage a BMC Watchdog. This tool is typically used
for system timeout management and automatic system restarts in the
event of a system crash.
Ipmi-chassis
A tool to manage/monitor a chassis, such as chassis power,
identification (i.e. LED control), and status.
Ipmi-fru
A tool to read field replaceable unit (FRU) information from a
motherboard/machine.
Ipmi-sel
A tool to read and manage IPMI System Event Log (SEL) records. SEL
records store system event information and may be useful for debugging
problems.
Ipmi-sensors
A tool to read IPMI sensor readings and sensor data repository (SDR)
information.
Ipmipower
A tool for remote power control.
Ipmiconsole
A tool for Serial-over-Lan (SOL) console access.
Ipmi-raw
A tool that provides hex input/output of IPMI commands.
Ipmi-locate
A tool that can probe for information about the location of a BMC
device, such as device addresses.
Ipmi-chassis-config
A tool to configure IPMI chassis information. Supports configuration
of boot device, power restore policy, and other chassis related
fields.
Ipmi-pef-config
A tool to configure Platform Event Filtering (PEF) information.
Ipmi-pet
A tool to parse and interpret Platform Event Traps (PET).
Ipmi-sensors-config
A tool to configure IPMI sensors. Supports configuration of sensor
thresholds, sensor events, and other sensor related fields.
Ipmi-dcmi
A tool to perform Data Center Manageability Interface (DCMI) IPMI
extension commands. Supports extensions for asset management and
power usage management.
Bmc-device
A tool to perform advanced BMC commands, such as resetting the BMC,
configuring ACPI, configuring SDR/SEL time, manually generating
events, re-arming sensors, and configuring manufacturer settings.
Ipmiping
An IPMI ping tool for debugging.
Rmcpping
A RMCP ping tool for debugging.
Ipmi-oem
An IPMI tool for OEM specific commands.
Ipmidetect/Ipmidetectd
A tool and daemon for IPMI node detection.
Additional information, examples, and general trouble-shooting can be
found in each of the tool manpages.
Project Libraries
-----------------
The following libraries are distributed and supported by FreeIPMI.
Libfreeipmi
A C library that includes KCS, SSIF, OpenIPMI Linux, and Solaris BMC
drivers, IPMI 1.5 and IPMI 2.0 LAN communication interfaces, IPMI
packet building utilities, IPMI command utilities, and utilities for
reading/interpreting/managing IPMI.
Libipmiconsole
A library for Serial-over-Lan (SOL) console access. SOL console
access is abstracted into a file descriptor interface, so users may
read and write console data through a file descriptor.
Libipmimonitoring
A library for sensor monitoring that abstracts away most IPMI details.
Libipmidetect
A library for IPMI node detection.
Help, Questions, etc.
---------------------
Please send comments, help, and questions to the freeipmi mailing
lists, freeipmi-users@gnu.org and freeipmi-devel@gnu.org. Or see
our webpage at http://www.gnu.org/software/freeipmi/.
|
