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.\" -*- nroff -*-
.\"
.\" fuse.1: Fuse man page
.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2018 Russell Marks, Philip Kendall, Darren Salt,
.\"                         Fredrick Meunier, Stuart Brady
.\"
.\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
.\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
.\" (at your option) any later version.
.\"
.\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
.\" with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
.\" 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
.\"
.\" Author contact information:
.\"
.\" E-mail: philip-fuse@shadowmagic.org.uk
.\"
.\"
.TH fuse 1 "27th February, 2021" "Version 1.6.0" "Emulators"
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH NAME
fuse \(em Sinclair ZX Spectrum emulator
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH SYNOPSIS
.\" the trend for long-option-using programs is to give a largely
.\" generic synopsis, so...
.B fuse
.RI [ options ]
.P
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH DESCRIPTION
Fuse is a Sinclair ZX\ Spectrum emulator. It supports several models
(including the 128), with quite faithful emulation of the display and
sound.
.PP
The emulator can load any of the formats supported by
.IR libspectrum (3)
\(em this includes Z80, SNA and SZX snapshots, and PZX, TAP and TZX
virtual-tape files. Saving to SZX, Z80 and SNA snapshots and TZX and
TAP tape files is supported. The SLT extension to the Z80 format is
partly supported (enough for multi-load games); however, loading of
the old DAT-file variant is not.
.PP
DSK, UDI, FDI, TD0, MGT, IMG, D40, D80, SAD, TRD, SCL and OPD
disk images are supported when a disk interface is being emulated,
including the integrated disk drives on +3, Pentagon or Scorpion
machines as well as the +D, DISCiPLE, Opus Discovery, Beta\ 128 and
Didaktik\ 80 interfaces. DCK cartridge images are supported when
emulating a Timex\ 2068 variant. Interface\ 2 ROM cartridges are
also supported.
.PP
Finally, there is also support for reading and writing the RZX input recording
format.
.PP
See the
.B "COMPRESSED FILES"
section for details on reading files compressed with
.IR bzip2 "(3),"
.IR gzip "(3)"
or
.IR zip "(3)."
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH OPTIONS
.\" dual short/long option listings here reflect the GNU approach,
.\" as used in info files. It does mean using RS/RE, though,
.\" so this is used for all options (for consistency).
.\"
.\" the options list is in alphabetical order by long option name (or
.\" short option name if none).
.\"
.B \-\-accelerate\-loader
.RS
Specify whether Fuse should attempt to accelerate tape loaders by \(lqshort
circuiting\(rq the loading loop. This will in general speed up loading, but
may cause some loaders to fail. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-accelerate\-loader '
to disable). The same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "Accelerate loaders"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-aspect\-hint
.RS
Specify whether the GTK and Xlib user interfaces should `hint' to the
window manager about the preferred aspect ratio for the graphics
window, thus preventing resizing to non-square sizes which lead to
Fuse not displaying correctly. This option has been observed to cause
problems with some window managers when using the GTK UI which can
prevent the window from being resized or moved at all. (Enabled by
default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-aspect\-hint '
to disable). See also the
.RB ` \-\-strict\-aspect\-hint '
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-autosave\-settings
.RS
Specify whether Fuse's current settings should be automatically saved
on exit. The same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Auto-save settings"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-auto\-load
.RS
Specify whether tape and disk files should be automatically loaded
when they are opened using the
.I "File, Open..."
menu option. In the case of TRD/SCL disk images, inserts also a boot
loader file when none is available. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-auto\-load '
to disable). Same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "Auto-load media"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-beta128
.RS
Emulate a Beta\ 128 interface. Same as the Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Beta\ 128 interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-beta128\-48boot
.RS
When a Beta\ 128 interface is used in 48K or TC2048 emulation the
option additionally controls whether the machine boots directly into the TR-DOS
system. Same as the Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Beta\ 128 auto-boot in 48K machines"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-betadisk
.I file
.RS
Insert the specified file into the emulated Beta disk interface's drive\ A:
and select Pentagon mode on startup.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-bw\-tv
.RS
Specify whether the display should simulate a colour or black and
white television. This option is effective under the GTK, Win32, Xlib
and SDL user interfaces: the others will always simulate a colour TV.
The same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Black and white TV"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-cmos-z80
.RS
This option specifies that Fuse should emulate a CMOS Z80, as opposed
to an NMOS Z80. Same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Z80 is CMOS"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-competition\-code
.I code
.RS
Specify the code to be written to competition mode RZX files. The same
as the RZX Options dialog's
.I "Competition code"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-competition\-mode
.RS
Specify whether input recordings should be made in `competition mode'.
The same as the RZX Options dialog's
.I "Competition mode"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-compress\-rzx
.RS
Specify whether RZX files should be written out compressed. (Enabled
by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-compress\-rzx '
to disable). Same as the RZX Options dialog's
.I "Compress RZX data"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-confirm\-actions
.RS
Specify whether `dangerous' actions (those which could cause data
loss, for example resetting the Spectrum) require confirmation before
occurring. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-confirm\-actions '
to disable). This option is the same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Confirm actions"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-covox
.RS
Emulate a Covox sound interface for Pentagon/Scorpion. Same as the
General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Covox"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-debugger\-command
.I string
.RS
Specify a debugger command to be run before emulator startup. This can
be used to set breakpoints or the like. Currently, this is the only
method to input multi-line debugger commands. (See the
.B "MONITOR/DEBUGGER"
section for more information).
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-detect\-loader
.RS
Specify whether Fuse should attempt to detect when the tape is being
accessed and start and stop the virtual tape playing
automatically. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-detect\-loader '
to disable). Same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "Detect loaders"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-disciple
.RS
Emulate a DISCiPLE interface. Same as the Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "DISCiPLE interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-discipledisk
.I file
.RS
Insert the specified file into the emulated DISCiPLE's drive\ 1.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-didaktik80
.RS
Emulate a Didaktik 80 (or Didaktik 40) disk interface. Same as the
Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Didaktik 80 interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-didaktik80disk
.I file
.RS
Insert the specified file into the emulated Didaktik\ 80
(or Didaktik\ 40)'s drive\ A.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-disk\-ask\-merge
.RS
Prompt the user to confirm whether Fuse should try to merge the `B' side of a
disk image from a separate file when opening a new single-sided disk image.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-disk\-try\-merge
.I mode
.RS
Select whether Fuse should try to merge a separate file for the `B' side of a
disk image separate file when opening a new disk image. Most double sided disk
images are dumped as two single sided disk images e.g.
`Golden Axe \- Side\ A.dsk' and `Golden Axe \- Side\ B.dsk'. So, if we want to
play Golden Axe, first we have to insert the first disk image and when the game
asks to insert side\ B, we have to find and open the second disk image, instead
of just `flip'-ing the disk inside the drive. If enabled, Fuse will try to open
the second image too and create a double sided disk image (merging the two one
sided disk images) and insert this merged virtual disk into the disk drive. The
function detects whether the file is one side of a double-sided image if the
filename matches a pattern like [Ss]ide[ _][abAB12][ _.] in the file name of a
disk that is being opened. If found, Fuse will try to open the other side of
the disk too substituting the appropriate characters in the filename e.g.
1\(->2, a\(->b, A\(->B. If successful then it will merge the two images and
now we have a double sided disk in drive. This means that if we open
`Golden Axe \- Side\ A.dsk', then Fuse will try to open `Golden Axe \- Side
B.dsk' too. Now, we can just `flip' the disk if Golden Axe asks for `Side\ B'.
The available options are
.IR Never ,
.I "With single-sided drives"
and
.IR Always .
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-divide
.RS
Emulate the DivIDE interface. The same as the Disk Peripherals Options
dialog's
.I "DivIDE interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-divide\-masterfile
.I file
.br
.B \-\-divide\-slavefile
.I file
.RS
Specify an IDE image to be loaded into the DivIDE's emulated master
and slave drives respectively.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-divide\-write\-protect
.RS
Specify that the emulated DivIDE's write protect jumper should be
considered set. The same as the Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "DivIDE write protect"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-divmmc
.RS
Emulate the DivMMC interface. The same as the Disk Peripherals Options
dialog's
.I "DivMMC interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-divmmc\-file
.I file
.RS
Specify an HDF image to be loaded into the DivMMC's emulated memory card.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-divmmc\-write\-protect
.RS
Specify that the emulated DivMMC's write protect jumper that protects
EEPROM should be considered set. The same as the Disk Peripherals Options
dialog's
.I "DivMMC write protect"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-dock
.I file
.RS
Insert the specified file into the emulated Timex\ 2068 variant dock;
also select the TC2068 on startup if available.
.RE
.PP
.B \-D
.I mode
.br
.B \-\-doublescan\-mode
.I mode
.RS
Specify whether to use doublescan modes in the FB UI.
Available values for
.I mode
are 0, 1 and 2. 0 means `never doublescan' (use 640\(mu480 at either 72\ Hz or
60\ Hz), whereas 1 and 2 both mean `try to use doublescan' and will fall back
on the 640\(mu480 modes. 1 selects 72\ Hz modes (the same size and shape as
your typical 640\(mu480), and 2 selects 60\ Hz modes (overscan).
.PP
If your monitor displays a blank screen when using 1 or 2, press F10 then
try a different option or say `\-\-fbmode 640'.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-drive\-plus3a\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-plus3b\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-beta128a\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-beta128b\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-beta128c\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-beta128d\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-plusd1\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-plusd2\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-didaktik80a\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-didaktik80b\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-disciple1\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-disciple2\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-opus1\-type
.I type
.br
.B \-\-drive\-opus2\-type
.I type
.RS
Specify a disk drive type to emulate with the associated interface. 
The available options are
.IR "Disabled" ,
.IR "Single\-sided 40 track" ,
.IR "Double\-sided 40 track" ,
.IR "Single\-sided 80 track" " and"
.IR "Double\-sided 80 track" .
See the Disk Options dialog for more information.  The
.I Disabled
option is not supported for Drive 1 or Drive A of any interface.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-drive\-40\-max\-track
.I count
.br
.B \-\-drive\-80\-max\-track
.I count
.RS
Specify the maximum number of tracks for 40 and 80 track physical drives
respectively.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-embed\-snapshot
.RS
Specify whether a snapshot should be embedded in an RZX file when
recording is started from an existing snapshot. (Enabled by default,
but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-embed\-snapshot '
to disable). Same as the RZX Options dialog's
.I "Always embed snapshot"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-fastload
.RS
Specify whether Fuse should run at the fastest possible speed when the
virtual tape is playing. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-fastload '
to disable). The same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "Fastloading"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-v
.I mode
.br
.B \-\-fbmode
.I mode
.RS
Specify which mode to use for the FB UI. Available values for
.I mode
are `320' (which corresponds to a 320\(mu240\(mu256 mode), the default and
`640' (a 640\(mu480\(mu256 mode).
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-fuller
.RS
Emulate a Fuller Box interface. Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Fuller Box"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-full\-screen
.RS
Specify whether Fuse should run in full screen mode.
This option is effective only under the SDL UI.
.RE
.PP
.B \-g
.I filter
.br
.B \-\-graphics\-filter
.I mode
.RS
Specify which graphics filter to use if available. The default is
.IR normal ,
which uses no filtering. The available options are
.IR 2x ,
.IR 2xsai ,
.IR 3x ,
.IR 4x ,
.IR advmame2x ,
.IR advmame3x ,
.IR dotmatrix ,
.IR half ,
.IR halfskip ,
.IR hq2x ,
.IR hq3x ,
.IR hq4x ,
.IR normal ,
.IR super2xsai ,
.IR supereagle ,
.IR timex15x ,
.IR timex2x ,
.IR timextv ,
.IR tv2x ,
.IR tv3x ,
.IR tv4x ,
.IR paltv ,
.IR paltv2x ,
.IR paltv3x ,
and
.IR paltv4x .
See the
.B "GRAPHICS FILTERS"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-graphicsfile
.I file
.RS
Set the filename used for graphical output from the emulated
ZX\ Printer. See the
.B "PRINTER EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.B \-h
.br
.B \-\-help
.RS
Give brief usage help, listing available options.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-if2cart
.I file
.RS
Insert the specified file into the emulated Interface\ 2.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-interface1
.RS
Emulate a Sinclair Interface\ 1. Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Interface\ 1"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-interface2
.RS
Emulate a Sinclair Interface\ 2. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-interface2 '
to disable). Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Interface\ 2"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-issue2
.RS
Emulate an issue\ 2 keyboard. Same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Issue\ 2 keyboard"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-j
.I device
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1
.I device
.RS
Read from
.I device
to emulate the first joystick. Fuse will use either
.RI ` /dev/input/js0 '
or
.RI ` /dev/js0 '
by default.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-joystick\-2
.I device
.RS
As for
.B \-\-joystick\-1
but for the second joystick; the default here is either
.RI ` /dev/input/js1 '
or
.RI ` /dev/js1 "'."
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-output
.I type
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-output
.I type
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-keyboard\-output
.I type
.RS
Select which joystick interface to attach for the first two real
joysticks and the keyboard joystick. The default is
.IR 0 ,
which is no output. The available options are
.I 1
(cursor),
.I 2
(kempston),
.I 3
(Sinclair\ 1),
.I 4
(Sinclair\ 2),
.I 5
(Timex\ 1),
.I 6
(Timex\ 2),
and
.I 7
(Fuller). Same as the Joysticks Options dialog's
.I "Joystick type"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-1
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-2
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-3
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-4
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-5
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-6
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-7
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-8
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-9
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-10
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-11
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-12
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-13
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-14
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-1\-fire\-15
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-1
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-2
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-3
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-4
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-5
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-6
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-7
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-8
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-9
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-10
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-11
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-12
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-13
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-14
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-2\-fire\-15
.I code
.RS
Select which Fuse key code should be triggered by the applicable
real joystick button press. The codes are the Fuse keyboard codes
corresponding to the keys. The default value is
.I 4096
which corresponds to the virtual joystick fire button. Same as the
Joysticks Options dialog's
.I "Joystick fire"
options.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-joystick\-keyboard\-up
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-keyboard\-down
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-keyboard\-left
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-keyboard\-right
.I code
.br
.B \-\-joystick\-keyboard\-fire
.I code
.RS
Select which Fuse key code should correspond with each direction and
fire for the keyboard virtual joystick. The same as the Keyboard
Joysticks Options dialog's
.IR "Button for UP" ,
.IR "Button for DOWN" ,
.IR "Button for LEFT" ,
.I "Button for RIGHT"
and
.I "Button for FIRE"
options respectively.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-joystick\-prompt
.RS
If this option is specified, then Fuse will prompt you which form of
joystick emulation you wish to use when loading a snapshot. No prompt
will be issued if the configuration in the snapshot matches what you
are currently using. The same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Snap joystick prompt"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-kempston
.RS
Emulate a Kempston joystick. Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Kempston joystick"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-kempston\-mouse
.RS
Emulate a Kempston mouse. Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Kempston mouse"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-keyboard\-arrows\-shifted
.RS
Treat the keyboard arrow keys as shifted like the ZX Spectrum+ keyboard's
arrow keys or as unshifted like a cursor joystick that maps to the 5, 6, 7
and 8 keys. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-keyboard\-arrows\-shifted '
to disable). Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Use shift with arrow keys"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-late\-timings
.RS
It has been observed that some real Spectrums run such that the screen
is rendered one tstate later than on other real hardware. This option
specifies that Fuse should emulate such a machine. Same as the General
Options dialog's
.I "Late timings"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-loading\-sound
.RS
Specify whether the sound made while tapes are loading should be
emulated. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-loading\-sound '
to disable). Same as the Sound Options dialog's
.I "Loading sound"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-m
.I type
.br
.B \-\-machine
.I type
.RS
Specify machine type to emulate initially. The default is
.IR 48 ,
a 48K\ Spectrum. The available options are
.IR 16 ,
.IR 48 ,
.IR 48_ntsc ,
.IR 128 ,
.IR plus2 ,
.IR plus2a ,
.IR plus3 ,
.IR 2048 ,
.IR 2068 ,
.IR ts2068 ,
.IR pentagon ,
.IR pentagon512 ,
.IR pentagon1024 ,
.I scorpion
and
.IR se .
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-melodik
.RS
Emulate a Melodik AY\ interface for 16/48k\ Spectrums. Same as the
General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Melodik"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-mdr\-len
.I length
.RS
This option controls the number of blocks in a new Microdrive cartridge.
Same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "MDR cartridge len"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-mdr\-random\-len
.RS
If this option is set, Fuse will use a random Microdrive cartridge
length. Same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "Random length MDR cartridge"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-microdrive\-file
.I file
.br
.B \-\-microdrive\-2\-file
.I file
.br
.B \-\-microdrive\-3\-file
.I file
.br
.B \-\-microdrive\-4\-file
.I file
.br
.B \-\-microdrive\-5\-file
.I file
.br
.B \-\-microdrive\-6\-file
.I file
.br
.B \-\-microdrive\-7\-file
.I file
.br
.B \-\-microdrive\-8\-file
.I file
.RS
Specify Interface\ 1 Microdrive cartridge files to open.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-mouse\-swap\-buttons
.RS
Swap the left and right mouse buttons when emulating the Kempston mouse. The
same as the General Peripherals dialog's
.I "Swap mouse buttons"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-movie\-compr
.I level
.RS
This option sets the compression level used when creating movies. Same as the
Movie Options dialog's
.I "Movie compression"
option. The available options are
.IR None ,
.IR Lossless ,
and
.I High
(lossy). The default option is
.IR Lossless .
See also the
.B "MOVIE RECORDING"
section.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-movie\-start
.I file
.RS
With this command line option, Fuse will start movie recording as soon as the
emulator is started. See also the
.B "MOVIE RECORDING"
section.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-movie\-stop\-after\-rzx
.RS
With this command line option, Fuse will stop movie recording when RZX playback
or RZX recording ends. Same as the Movie Options dialog's
.I "Stop recording after RZX ends"
option. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-movie\-stop\-after\-rzx '
to disable).
See also the
.B "MOVIE RECORDING"
section.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-multiface1
.RS
Emulate a Romantic Robot Multiface One interface. Same as the General
Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Multiface One"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-multiface128
.RS
Emulate a Romantic Robot Multiface\ 128 interface. Same as the General
Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Multiface\ 128"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-multiface3
.RS
Emulate a Romantic Robot Multiface\ 3 interface. Same as the General
Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Multiface\ 3"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-multiface1-stealth
.RS
Set Multiface One stealth/invisible mode. Same as the General Peripherals
Options dialog's
.I "Stealth Multiface One"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-opus
.RS
Emulate an Opus Discovery interface. Same as the Disk Peripherals Options
dialog's
.I "Opus Discovery interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-opusdisk
.I file
.RS
Insert the specified file into the emulated Opus Discovery's drive\ 1.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-pal\-tv2x
.RS
Specify whether the PAL\ TV\ 2x, PAL\ TV\ 3x and PAL\ TV\ 4x scalers should
also produce scanlines along the lines of the TV\ 2x and Timex\ TV scalers.
The same as the General Options dialog's
.I "PAL-TV use TV2x effect"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-phantom\-typist\-mode
.I mode
.RS
Specify the keystroke sequence that the "phantom typist" should use when
starting a program loading. The available options are
.IR "Auto" ,
.IR "Keyword" ,
.IR "Keystroke" ,
.IR "Menu" ,
.IR "Plus 2A" " and"
.IR "Plus 3" .
The same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "Phantom typist mode"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-p
.I file
.br
.B \-\-playback
.I file
.RS
Specify an RZX file to begin playback from.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-plus3disk
.I file
.RS
Insert the specified file into the emulated +3's A:\ drive; also select
the +3 on startup if available.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-plus3\-detect\-speedlock
.RS
Specify whether the +3 drives try to detect Speedlock protected disks,
and emulate `weak' sectors.
If the disk image file (EDSK or UDI) contains weak sector data, than
Speedlock detection is automatically omitted.
See also the
.B "WEAK DISK DATA"
section.
Same as the Disk Options dialog's
.I "+3 Detect Speedlock"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-plusd
.RS
Emulate a +D interface. Same as the Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "+D interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-plusddisk
.I file
.RS
Insert the specified file into the emulated +D's drive\ 1.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-printer
.RS
Specify whether the emulation should include a printer. Same as the
General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Emulate printers"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-rate
.I frame
.RS
Specify the frame rate, the ratio of spectrum frame updates to real
frame updates. Same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Frame rate"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-r
.I file
.br
.B \-\-record
.I file
.RS
Specify an RZX file to begin recording to.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-recreated\-spectrum
.RS
Enable the use of a Recreated ZX Spectrum in `Layer A' (game) mode. This is a
Bluetooth keyboard that can be paired to the device where Fuse is running. The
same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Recreated ZX Spectrum"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-rom\-16
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-48
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-128\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-128\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus2\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus2\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus2a\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus2a\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus2a\-2
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus2a\-3
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus3\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus3\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus3\-2
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus3\-3
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus3e\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus3e\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus3e\-2
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plus3e\-3
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-tc2048
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-tc2068\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-tc2068\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-ts2068\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-ts2068\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon\-2
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon512\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon512\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon512\-2
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon512\-3
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon1024\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon1024\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon1024\-2
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-pentagon1024\-3
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-scorpion\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-scorpion\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-scorpion\-2
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-scorpion\-3
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-spec\-se\-0
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-spec\-se\-1
.I file
.RS
Specify the file to be used for ROM(s) used for each machine. The
options respectively refer to
the 16K\ Spectrum
.RI ( 48.rom ),
48K\ Spectrum
.RI ( 48.rom ),
the two ROMs for the 128K\ Spectrum
.RI ( 128\-0.rom " and " 128\-1.rom ),
the two ROMs for the +2
.RI ( plus2\-0.rom " and " plus2\-1.rom ),
the four ROMs for the +2A
.RI ( plus3\-0.rom ", " plus3\-1.rom ", " plus3\-2.rom " and " plus3\-3.rom ),
the four ROMs for the +3
.RI ( plus3\-0.rom ", " plus3\-1.rom ", " plus3\-2.rom " and " plus3\-3.rom ),
the four enhanced ROMs for the +3e
.RI ( plus3e\-0.rom ", " plus3e\-1.rom ", " plus3e\-2.rom " and " plus3e\-3.rom ),
the TC2048 ROM
.RI ( tc2048.rom ),
the two ROMs for the TC2068
.RI ( tc2068\-0.rom " and " tc2068\-1.rom ),
the two ROMs for the TS2068
.RI ( tc2068\-0.rom " and " tc2068\-1.rom ),
the two main ROMs and the TR-DOS ROM for the Pentagon\ 128K
.RI ( 128p\-0.rom ", " 128p\-1.rom " and " trdos.rom ),
the two main ROMs, the TR-DOS ROM and a reset service ROM for the
Pentagon\ 512K and 1024K
.RI ( 128p\-0.rom ", " 128p\-1.rom ", " trdos.rom " and " gluck.rom ),
the four ROMs for the Scorpion 256
.RI ( 256s\-0.rom ", " 256s\-1.rom ", " 256s\-2.rom " and " 256s\-3.rom ),
and the two ROMs for the Spectrum SE
.RI ( se\-0.rom " and " se\-1.rom ).
.PP
The names in brackets denote the defaults. Note that not all these ROMs
are supplied with Fuse \(em you must supply your own copies of those which
are not.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-rom\-interface\-1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-beta128
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-plusd
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-didaktik80
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-disciple
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-multiface1
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-multiface128
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-multiface3
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-opus
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-speccyboot
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-ttx2000s
.I file
.br
.B \-\-rom\-usource
.I file
.RS
Specify the file to be used for ROM(s) used for each peripheral. The
options respectively refer to
the Interface\ 1 ROM
.RI ( if1\-2.rom ),
the TR-DOS ROM for Beta\ 128 emulation with the 48K, TC2048, 128K or +2
.RI ( trdos.rom ),
the +D ROM
.RI ( plusd.rom ),
the Didaktik\ 80 ROM
.RI ( didaktik80.rom ),
the DISCiPLE ROM
.RI ( disciple.rom ),
the Multiface\ One ROM
.RI ( mf1.rom ),
the Multiface\ 128 ROM
.RI ( mf128.rom ),
the Multiface\ 3 ROM
.RI ( mf3.rom ),
the Opus Discovery ROM
.RI ( opus.rom ),
the SpeccyBoot ROM
.RI ( speccyboot\-1.4.rom ),
the TTX2000S ROM
.RI ( ttx2000s.rom ),
and the \(mcSource ROM
.RI ( usource.rom ).
.PP
The names in brackets denote the defaults. Note that not all these ROMs
are supplied with Fuse \(em you must supply your own copies of those which
are not.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-no\-rs232\-handshake
.RS
This option makes Fuse's Interface\ 1 emulation assume that the RS-232
line other end is live when you connect the communication channels.
See also the
.RB ` \-\-rs232\-rx '
and
.RB ` \-\-rs232\-tx '
options.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-rs232\-rx
.br
.B \-\-rs232\-tx
.RS
Specify the communication channels (FIFO or file) to be used for
Interface\ 1 RS-232 emulation as RxD and TxD wire. See also the
.RB ` \-\-rs232\-handshake '
options.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-rzx\-autosaves
.RS
Specify that, while recording an RZX file, Fuse should automatically add
a snapshot to the recording stream every 5\ seconds. (Default to on, but
you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-rzx\-autosaves '
to disable). Same as the RZX Options dialog's
.I "Create autosaves"
option;
see there for more details.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-sdl\-fullscreen\-mode
.I mode
.RS
Select a screen resolution for full screen mode. Available values for
.IR mode " are listed in a table, when Fuse is called with"
.B \-\-sdl\-fullscreen\-mode
.IR list " command line option."
This option is effective only under the SDL UI.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-separation
.I type
.RS
Give stereo separation of the 128's AY sound channels. Same as the
General Options dialog's
.I "AY stereo separation"
option. The available options are
.IR None ,
.IR ACB ,
and
.IR ABC .
The default option is
.IR None .
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-simpleide
.RS
Specify whether Fuse will emulate the simple 8-bit IDE interface
as used by the Spectrum\ +3e. Same as the Disk Peripherals
Options dialog's
.I "Simple 8-bit IDE"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-simpleide\-masterfile
.I file
.RS
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated Simple 8-bit IDE
interface's master channel.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-simpleide\-slavefile
.I file
.RS
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated Simple 8-bit IDE
interface's slave channel.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-slt
.RS
Support the SLT trap instruction. (Enabled by default, but you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-slt '
to disable). Same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "Use .slt traps"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-s
.I file
.br
.B \-\-snapshot
.I file
.RS
Specify a snapshot file to load. The file can be in any snapshot
format supported by
.IR libspectrum "(3)."
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-sound
.RS
Specify whether Fuse should produce sound. (Enabled by default, but
you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-sound '
to disable). Same as the Sound Options dialog's
.I "Sound enabled"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-d
.I device
.br
.B \-\-sound\-device
.I device
.RS
Specify the sound output device to use and any options to give that
device. If you are not using the SDL UI or using
.I libao
or
.I "libasound (ALSA)"
for sound output,
then the
.I "device"
parameter just specifies the device to be used for sound output.
.PP
If you are using the SDL UI, the
.I "device"
parameter allows you to specify the
audio driver to be used (e.g. dsp, alsa, dma, esd and arts).
.PP
If you are using
.I libao
for sound output, the
.I "device"
parameter allows you to specify the device used for sound output
(either `live' to a speaker or to a file) and the parameters to be
used for that device. In general, the
.I "device"
parameter has the form
.IR driver[:param[=value][,param[=value][,...]] .
.I "driver"
selects the libao driver to be used, either one of the `live' drivers
.RI ( aixs ", " alsa ", " alsa09 ", " arts ", " esd ", " irix ,
.IR macosx ", " nas ", " oss " or " sun )
or a file driver
.RI ( au ", " raw ", " wav " or " null ).
The available parameter and value pairs for each device are:
.IP \[bu]
.IR aixs :
AIX audio system
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.RI dev= device
.br
.RI ` device '
gives the AIX sound device.
.RE
.IP \[bu]
.IR alsa :
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture version 0.5.x
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.RI card= num
.br
.RI ` num '
gives the ALSA card number.
.IP \[bu]
.RI dev= num
.br
.RI ` num '
gives the ALSA device number.
.IP \[bu]
.RI buf_size= num
.br
.RI ` num '
gives the ALSA buffer size in bytes.
.RE
.IP \[bu]
.IR alsa09 :
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture version 0.9+
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.RI dev= string
.br
.RI ` string '
specifies the ALSA device e.g. hw:1.2
.IP \[bu]
.RI buffer_time= num
.br
.RI ` num '
gives the ALSA buffer time in microseconds.
.IP \[bu]
.RI period_time= num
.br
.RI ` num '
gives the ALSA period time in microseconds.
.IP \[bu]
.RI use_mmap= yes|y|true|t|1
.br
specifies that libao use memory mapped transfer.
.RE
.IP \[bu]
.IR arts :
aRts soundserver: no parameters.
.IP \[bu]
.IR esd :
Enlightened Sound Daemon.
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.RI host= string
.br
.RI ` string '
gives the ESD host specification.
.RE
.IP \[bu]
.IR irix :
IRIX Audio Library: no parameters.
.IP \[bu]
.IR macosx :
MacOS X CoreAudio: no parameters.
.IP \[bu]
.IR nas :
Network Audio System.
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.RI host= string
.br
.RI ` string '
gives the NAS host specification.
.IP \[bu]
.RI buf_size= num
.br
.RI ` num '
gives the buffer size on the server.
.RE
.IP \[bu]
.IR oss :
Open Sound System.
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.RI dsp= string
.br
.RI ` string '
gives the OSS device to be used e.g. /dev/sound/dsp1
.RE
.IP \[bu]
.IR sun :
SUN audio system.
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.RI dev= string
.br
.RI ` string '
gives the audio device to be used.
.RE
.IP \[bu]
.IR au :
SUN Sparc audio file: no parameters.
.IP \[bu]
.IR raw :
raw file.
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.RI byteorder= string
.br
.RI ` string '
can be any of
.I native
(host native byteorder),
.I big
(big endian) or
.I little
(little endian).
.RE
.IP \[bu]
.IR wav :
Microsoft audio file: no parameters.
.IP \[bu]
.IR null :
null output: no parameters.
.IP \[bu]
.IR debug :
for debugging libao.
.PP
Finally, each of the file output types
.RI ( au ", " raw " and " wav )
have an extra option
.RI `file= filename '
where
.RI ` filename '
gives the file output will be directed to. This defaults to
.RI ` fuse\-sound.ao '
if it is not specified.
.PP
Some examples of use:
.PP
.B "fuse \-d alsa09:dev=hw:1"
.PP
causes Fuse to use ALSA\ 0.9+ output with the second (#1) sound card.
.PP
.B "fuse \-d raw:byteorder=little,file=enigma.raw"
.PP
causes Fuse to save little endian words to
.RI ` enigma.raw "'."
.PP
See the `DEVICE' section of
.I ogg123(1)
for up to date information of devices and options (except for the
`file' option which is provided by Fuse itself).
.PP
If you are using
.IR libasound " or " ALSA
for sound output, the
.I "device"
parameter allows you to specify the device used for sound output
and some parameters to be used for that device. In general, the
.I "device"
parameter has the form
.br
.IR devstr " or"
.br
.IR param[=value][,param[=value][,...][,devstr] .
.IP \[bu]
.IR "devstr" :
selects the ALSA device used, it can be any complex or simple ALSA
device name. e.g.:
.IR default " or " hw:0 " or " tee:plughw:0,\(aq/tmp/out.raw\(aq,raw .
See the alsa-lib pcm api reference at
.I http://www.alsa\-project.org/alsa\-doc/\:alsa\-lib/pcm.html
for further explanation.
.br
.IP \[bu]
.IR param " and " values :
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.IR buffer=nnnn :
set the ALSA buffer in frames, smaller value cause smaller sound delay but may
more buffer underrun (pops and clicks), larger value cause longer delay
but fewer underrun. By default Fuse determine the buffer size based on the
actual sound frequency.
.PP
.RS
If you use some special plugin for your pcm device (e.g.: dmix) or your
card not support some needed parameter (e.g. cannot play other only 48\ kHz
stereo sound like some AC97 sound card) may cause Fuse unable to set the
needed buffer size, appropriate sound frequency, channels and so on, therefore
you cannot get optimal result or not hear the sound at all. In this case try
the
.IR plughw:# ", (where # mean your card number counted from 0)"
for ALSA device.
.RE
.br
.IP \[bu]
.IR verbose " :
if given, fuse report ALSA buffer underruns to
.IR stderr .
.br
.RE
.PP
Some examples of use:
.PP
.B "fuse \-d verbose,buffer=2000"
.PP
causes Fuse to use the default ALSA device with 2000 frame length buffer and
report ALSA buffer underruns on
.IR stderr .
.PP
.B "fuse \-d tee:plughw:0,\(aq/tmp/aufwm.raw\(aq,raw"
.PP
causes Fuse to use the first card and parallel save the raw audio samples
into
.IR /tmp/aufwm.raw " file."
.br
.PP
If you are using
.IR PulseAudio
for sound output, the
.I "device"
parameter allows you to specify some parameters to be used for that
soud buffer. In general, the
.I "device"
parameter has the form
.br
.IR param[=value][,param[=value][,...] .
.IP \[bu]
.IR param " and " values :
.RS
.IP \[bu]
.IR "tlength=[num]ms" :
set target length of the PulseAudio sound buffer in milliseconds. Smaller
value cause smaller sound delay but more buffer underruns (pops and clicks),
larger value cause longer delay but fewer underruns. By default Fuse set the
buffer size to 30ms of sound delay.
.IP \[bu]
.IR "tlength=num" :
set target length of the PulseAudio sound buffer in bytes. By default Fuse
set the buffer size to 30ms of sound delay.
.IP \[bu]
.IR verbose " :
if given, Fuse report PulseAudio buffer underruns to
.IR stderr
and PulseAudio buffer options to
.IR stdout .
.RE
.PP
Some examples of use:
.PP
.B "fuse \-d tlength=40ms"
.PP
causes Fuse to target 40ms of sound delay instead of the default 30ms.
.PP
.B "fuse -d verbose,tlength=2646"
.PP
causes Fuse to request a sound buffer of 2646 bytes and print info to
.IR stdout .
.br
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-sound\-force\-8bit
.RS
Force the use of 8-bit sound, even if 16-bit is possible. Same as the
Sound Options dialog's
.I "Force 8-bit"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-f
.I frequency
.br
.B \-\-sound\-freq
.I frequency
.RS
Specify what frequency Fuse should use for the sound
device, the default is 44.1\ kHz, but some devices only
support a single frequency or a limited range (e.g.
48\ kHz or up to 22\ kHz).
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-speaker\-type
.I type
.RS
Select the output speaker emulation, type can be TV speaker, Beeper
or Unfiltered. Same as the Sound Options dialog's
.I "Speaker type"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-speccyboot
.RS
Emulate a SpeccyBoot Ethernet interface. Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "SpeccyBoot"
option. See the SpeccyBoot web page at
.I http://patrikpersson.github.io/speccyboot/
for full details on the SpeccyBoot.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-speccyboot\-tap
.I device
.RS
Specify the TAP device to use for SpeccyBoot emulation.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-specdrum
.RS
Emulate a SpecDrum interface. Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "SpecDrum"
option. See the World of Spectrum Infoseek web page at
.I http://www.worldofspectrum.org/infoseekid.cgi?id=1000062
for manuals, software and more.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-spectranet
.RS
Specify whether Fuse will emulate the Spectranet Ethernet interface.
Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Spectranet"
option. See the
.B "SPECTRANET EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-spectranet\-disable
.RS
This option controls the state of the Spectranet automatic page-in jumper
(J2). Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "Spectranet disable"
option. See the
.B "SPECTRANET EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-speed
.I percentage
.RS
Specify the speed (as a percentage of real Spectrum speed) at which
emulation should attempt to proceed. Same as the General Options
dialog's
.I "Emulation speed"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-statusbar
.RS
For the GTK and Win32 UI, enables the statusbar beneath the display. For the
Xlib and SDL UI, enables the status icons showing whether the disk and tape are
being accessed. Same as the General Options dialog's
.I "Show statusbar"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-strict\-aspect\-hint
.RS
For the GTK UI, use stricter limits for the aspect ratio limits set
by the
.RB ` \-\-aspect\-hint '
option. This can cause some window managers (for example,
.IR metacity (1))
to not allow the window to be resized and moved, but is necessary to
prevent others (for example,
.IR fvwm (1))
from being able resize the window away from square.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-svga\-modes
.I mode1,mode2,mode3
.RS
Specify which SVGA mode to use for the SVGAlib UI at different screen
sizes. Available values for
.IR mode1 ", " mode2 " and " mode3
are listed in a table, when Fuse called with
.B \-\-svga\-modes
.I list
command line option.
When user select a not available mode for a size, Fuse just ignore
and try to find the best mode for it. e.g. with
.B "\-\-svga\-modes 0,0,12"
Fuse use the specified 1024\(mu768\(mu256 SVGA mode for triple size filters,
but select SVGA modes automatically for normal or double size filters.
The above mode number is just an example, and mode numbers and their
meanings may vary graphics card by graphics card.
.RE
.PP
.B \-t
.I file
.br
.B \-\-tape
.I file
.RS
Specify a virtual tape file to use. It must be in PZX, TAP or TZX format.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-teletext\-addr\-1
.I address
.br
.B \-\-teletext\-addr\-2
.I address
.br
.B \-\-teletext\-addr\-3
.I address
.br
.B \-\-teletext\-addr\-4
.I address
.RS
Specify address or hostname of teletext packet servers.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-teletext\-port\-1
.I port
.br
.B \-\-teletext\-port\-2
.I port
.br
.B \-\-teletext\-port\-3
.I port
.br
.B \-\-teletext\-port\-4
.I port
.RS
Specify TCP port of teletext packet servers.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-textfile
.I file
.RS
Set the filename used for text output from the emulated printers. See
the
.B "PRINTER EMULATION"
section below for more details.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-traps
.RS
Support traps for ROM tape loading/saving. (Enabled by default, but
you can use
.RB ` \-\-no\-traps '
to disable). Same as the Media Options dialog's
.I "Use tape traps"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-ttx2000s
.RS
Emulate a TTX2000S teletext adaptor. Same as the General Peripherals Options
dialog's
.I "TTX2000S"
option. See the
.B "TTX2000S EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-unittests
.RS
This option runs a testing framework that automatically checks portions
of code, comparing actual results with expected ones. It is meant to detect
broken code before a release. There is not graphical mode, the program
just ends with exit code 0 if all tests are good or prints error
messages to stdout and ends with exit code greater than 0 if there are
failed tests.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-usource
.RS
Emulate a \(mcSource interface. Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "\(mcSource"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-V
.br
.B \-\-version
.RS
Show which version of Fuse is being used.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-volume\-ay
.I volume
.RS
Sets the relative volume of the AY-3-8912 chip from a range of
0\(en100%. Same as the Sound Options dialog's
.I "AY volume"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-volume\-beeper
.I volume
.RS
Sets the relative volume of the beeper from a range of 0\(en100%.
Same as the Sound Options dialog's
.I "Beeper volume"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-volume\-covox
.I volume
.RS
Sets the relative volume of the Covox from a range of 0\(en100%.
Same as the Sound Options dialog's
.I "Covox volume"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-volume\-specdrum
.I volume
.RS
Sets the relative volume of the SpecDrum from a range of 0\(en100%.
Same as the Sound Options dialog's
.I "SpecDrum volume"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-writable\-roms
.RS
Allow Spectrum programs to overwrite the ROM(s). The same as the
General Options dialog's
.I "Allow writes to ROM"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxatasp
.RS
Specify whether Fuse emulate the ZXATASP interface. Same as the
Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "ZXATASP interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxatasp\-upload
.RS
Specify the state of the ZXATASP upload jumper. Same as the
Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "ZXATASP upload"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxatasp\-write\-protect
.RS
Specify the state of the ZXATASP write protect jumper. Same as the
Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "ZXATASP write protect"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxatasp\-masterfile
.I file
.RS
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated ZXATASP interface's
master channel.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxatasp\-slavefile
.I file
.RS
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated ZXATASP interface's
slave channel.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxcf
.RS
Specify whether Fuse emulate the ZXCF interface. Same as the
Disk Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "ZXCF interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxcf\-upload
.RS
Specify the state of the ZXCF upload jumper. Same as the Disk Peripherals
Options dialog's
.I "ZXCF upload"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxcf\-cffile
.I file
.RS
Specify a HDF file to connect to the emulated ZXCF interface.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxmmc
.RS
Emulate the ZXMMC interface. The same as the Disk Peripherals Options
dialog's
.I "ZXMMC interface"
option.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxmmc\-file
.I file
.RS
Specify an HDF image to be loaded into the ZXMMC's emulated memory card.
.RE
.PP
.B \-\-zxprinter
.RS
Emulate the ZX Printer. Same as the General Peripherals Options dialog's
.I "ZX Printer"
option.
.RE
.PP
All long options which control on/off settings can be disabled using
.RB ` \-\-no\-foo '
(for an option
.RB ` \-\-foo ').
For example, the opposite of
.RB ` \-\-issue2 '
is
.RB ` \-\-no\-issue2 '.
These options can also be modified while the emulator is running,
using the options dialogs \(em see the documentation for the
.I Options
menu in the
.B "MENUS AND KEYS"
section for details.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "THE VARIOUS FRONT-ENDS"
Fuse supports various front-ends, or UIs (user interfaces). The usual
one is GTK-based, but there are also SDL, Win32, Xlib, SVGAlib and
framebuffer ones.
.PP
The important difference to note is that GTK and Win32 versions uses
`native' dialog boxes etc. (behaving like a fairly normal GUI-based
program) while the others use an alternative, Fuse-specific `widget
UI'. This latter front-end is easily spotted by the way it uses the
main Fuse window/screen for menus and dialogs, and uses the Spectrum's
own font.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "MENUS AND KEYS"
Since many of the keys available are devoted to emulation of the
Spectrum's keyboard, the primary way of controlling Fuse itself
(rather than the emulated machine) is via the menus. There are also
function key shortcuts for some menu options.
.PP
In the GTK and Win32 version, the menu bar is always visible at the top
of the Fuse window. You can click on a menu name to pop it up. Alternatively,
you can press
.I F1
to display a pop-up version of the menu bar, which you can then
navigate with the cursor keys or mouse.
.PP
In the widget UI pressing
.I F1
is the only way to get the main menu; and unlike the GTK version, the
emulator pauses while the menus are being navigated. The menus show
which key to press for each menu option in brackets. Pressing
.I Esc
exits a menu, and pressing
.I Enter
exits the menu system entirely (as well as `confirming' any current
dialog).
.PP
Here's what the menu options do, along with the function key mappings
for those items which have them:
.PP
.\" function keys are listed first, by analogy with short options
.\" being listed the same way.
.\"
.I F3
.br
.I "File, Open..."
.RS
Open a Spectrum file. Snapshots will be loaded into memory; tape
images will be inserted into the emulated tape deck, and if the
.I "Auto-load media"
option is set will being loading. Opening a disk image or a Timex dock
image will cause the appropriate machine type (+3, Pentagon or TC2068)
to be selected with the image inserted, and disks will automatically
load if the
.I "Auto-load media"
option is set. See the
.B "FILE SELECTION"
section below for details on how to choose the file. Note that this
behaviour is different from previous versions of Fuse, when this
option would open only snapshots.
.RE
.PP
.I F2
.br
.I "File, Save Snapshot..."
.RS
Save a snapshot (machine state, memory contents, etc.) to file. You
can select the filename to be saved to. If it has a .szx, .z80 or .sna
extension, the snapshot will be saved in that format. Otherwise, it
will be saved as a .szx file.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Recording, Record..."
.RS
Start recording input to an RZX file, initialised from the current
emulation state. You will be prompted for a filename to use.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Recording, Record from snapshot..."
.RS
Start recording input to an RZX file, initialised from a snapshot. You
will first be asked for the snapshot to use and then the file to save
the recording to.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Recording, Continue recording..."
.RS
Continue recording input into an existing RZX file from the last recorded
state. Finalised recordings cannot be resumed. You will be prompted for
the recording to continue.
.RE
.PP
.I Insert
.br
.I "File, Recording, Insert snapshot"
.RS
Inserts a snapshot of the current state into the RZX file. This can
be used at a later point to roll back to the inserted state by using
one of the commands below.
.RE
.PP
.I Delete
.br
.I "File, Recording, Rollback"
.RS
Rolls back the recording to the point at which the previous snapshot
was inserted. Recording will continue from that point.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Recording, Rollback to..."
.RS
Roll back the recording to any snapshot which has been inserted into
the recording.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Recording, Play..."
.RS
Playback recorded input from an RZX file. This lets you replay
keypresses recorded previously. RZX files generally contain a snapshot
with the Spectrum's state at the start of the recording; if the
selected RZX file doesn't, you'll be prompted for a snapshot to load
as well.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Recording, Stop"
.RS
Stop any currently-recording/playing RZX file.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Recording, Finalise..."
.RS
Compact an RZX file. Any interspersed snapshot will be removed and the
recording cannot be continued. All action replays submitted to the RZX
Archive should be finalised.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, AY Logging, Record..."
.RS
Start recording the bytes output via the AY-3-8912 sound chip to a PSG
file. You will be prompted for a filename to save the recording to.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, AY Logging, Stop"
.RS
Stop any current AY logging.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Screenshot, Open SCR Screenshot..."
.RS
Load an SCR screenshot (essentially just a binary dump of the
Spectrum's video memory) onto the current screen. Fuse supports
screenshots saved in the Timex hi-colour and hi-res modes as well as
`normal' Spectrum screens, and will make a simple conversion if a
hi-colour or hi-res screenshot is loaded onto a non-Timex machine.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Screenshot, Save Screen as SCR..."
.RS
Save a copy of whatever's currently displayed on the Spectrum's screen
as an SCR file. You will be prompted for a filename to save the
screenshot to.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Screenshot, Open MLT Screenshot..."
.RS
Load an MLT screenshot onto the current screen. The MLT format is similar
to the SCR format but additionally supports capturing images that use
techniques to display more than two colours in each Spectrum attribute
square. Fuse will only load the bitmap version of an image on a Sinclair
machine but on a Timex clone it can show the full colour detail captured
in the image by using the hi-colour mode.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Screenshot, Save Screen as MLT..."
.RS
Save a copy of whatever's currently displayed on the Spectrum's screen
as an MLT file. You will be prompted for a filename to save the
screenshot to.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Screenshot, Save Screen as PNG..."
.RS
Save the current screen as a PNG file. You will be prompted for a
filename to save the screenshot to.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Scalable Vector Graphics, Start capture in line mode..."
.RS
Start trapping the video output functions present in ROM to copy the
picture to SVG files, thus creating vectorized scalable picture; it is
expected to be fully operational in BASIC only, but few machine code
programs could work, if they use the ROM addresses to output text or
graphics. The initial picture size is 256\(mu176, but it is increased
everytime a `scroll' happens. On every CLS a new file will be created,
with an increasing sequence number. CIRCLEs will be described as a
sequence of lines, so the original `imprecisions' will be still visible.
The text output will be fully understood and decoded: normal ASCII
characters will be converted into COURIER scalable fonts, UDG graphics
into dot matrix areas, GRAPHICS blocky characters into small squares.
A slightly transparent output permits to show a bit of the overlapped
text and graphics elements. Lower portion of the screen (normally bound
to stream #0 and #1) won't be captured.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Scalable Vector Graphics, Start capture in dot mode..."
.RS
As above, but line capture is disabled. A line will be rendered as a
sequence of dots.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Scalable Vector Graphics, Stop capture"
.RS
Stop the SVG capture function.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Movie, Record..."
.RS
Fuse can record movie (video and audio) into a file with special format 
which can be converted later to a common video file format with the
.IR fmfconv (1)
utility.
You will be prompted for a filename to save video. Please see
.B "MOVIE RECORDING"
section.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Movie, Record from RZX..."
.RS
Start movie recording and RZX playback at the same time. You will be
prompted for a filename to play from and a filename to save video.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Movie, Pause"
.RS
Pause movie recording which is currently in progress.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Movie, Continue"
.RS
Resume movie recording which has been previously paused.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Movie, Stop"
.RS
Stop movie recording which is currently in progress.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Load Binary Data..."
.RS
Load binary data from a file into the Spectrum's memory. After
selecting the file to load data from, you can choose where to load the
data and how much data to load.
.RE
.PP
.I "File, Save Binary Data..."
.RS
Save an arbitrary chunk of the Spectrum's memory to a file. Select the
file you wish to save to, followed by the location and length of data
you wish to save.
.RE
.PP
.I F10
.br
.I "File, Exit"
.RS
Exit the emulator. A confirmation dialog will appear checking you
actually want to do this.
.RE
.PP
.I F4
.br
.I "Options, General..."
.RS
Display the General Options dialog, letting you configure Fuse. (With
the widget UI, the keys shown in brackets toggle the options,
.I Enter
confirms any changes, and
.I Esc
aborts). Note that any changed settings only apply to the
currently-running Fuse.
.PP
The options available are:
.PP
.I "Emulation speed"
.RS
Set how fast Fuse will attempt to emulate the Spectrum, as a
percentage of the speed at which the real machine runs. If your
machine isn't fast enough to keep up with the requested speed, Fuse
will just run as fast as it can. Note that if the emulation speed is
faster than 500%, no sound output will be produced.
.RE
.PP
.I "Frame rate"
.RS
Specify the frame rate, the ratio of spectrum frame updates to real
frame updates. This is useful if your machine is having trouble keeping
up with the spectrum screen updates.
.RE
.PP
.I "Issue\ 2 keyboard"
.RS
Early versions of the Spectrum used a different value for unused bits
on the keyboard input ports, and a few games depended on the old value
of these bits. Enabling this option switches to the old value, to let
you run them.
.RE
.PP
.I "Recreated ZX Spectrum"
.RS
Enable the use of a Recreated ZX Spectrum in `Layer A' (game) mode. This
is a Bluetooth keyboard that can be paired to the device where Fuse is
running.
.RE
.PP
.I "Use shift with arrow keys"
.RS
Treat the keyboard arrow keys as shifted like the ZX Spectrum+ keyboard's
arrow keys or as unshifted like a cursor joystick that maps to the 5, 6, 7
and 8 keys.
.RE
.PP
.I "Allow writes to ROM"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will happily allow programs to
overwrite what would normally be ROM. This probably isn't very useful
in most circumstances, especially as the 48K\ ROM overwrites parts of
itself.
.RE
.PP
.I "Late timings"
.RS
If selected, Fuse will cause all screen-related timings (for example,
when the screen is rendered and when memory contention occurs) to be
one tstate later than \(lqnormal\(rq, an effect which is present on some real
hardware.
.RE
.PP
.I "Z80 is CMOS"
.RS
If selected, Fuse will emulate a CMOS Z80, as opposed to an NMOS Z80.
The undocumented `OUT (C),0' instruction will be replaced with
`OUT (C),255' and emulation of a minor timing bug in the NMOS Z80's
`LD A,I' and `LD A,R' instructions will be disabled.
.RE
.PP
.I "RS-232 handshake"
.RS
If you turn this option off, Fuse assumes the RS-232 line other end is
live when you connect the communication channels.
See also the
.RB ` \-\-rs232\-rx "' and `" \-\-rs232\-tx '
options.
.RE
.PP
.I "Black and white TV"
.RS
This option allows you to choose whether to simulate a colour or black
and white television. This is effective only under the GTK, Win32, Xlib and
SDL user interfaces: the others will always simulate a colour TV.
.RE
.PP
.I "PAL-TV use TV2x effect"
.RS
This option allows you to choose whether the PAL\ TV\ 2x and higher scalers
also reproduce scanlines in the same way as the TV\ 2x, TV\ 3x and Timex\ TV
scalers.
.RE
.PP
.I "Show statusbar"
.RS
For the GTK and Win32 UI, enables the statusbar beneath the display. For the
SDL UI, enables the status icons showing whether the disk and tape are
being accessed. This option has no effect for the other user
interfaces.
.RE
.PP
.I "Snap joystick prompt"
.RS
If set, Fuse will prompt you which physical joystick or keyboard you want
to connect to the joystick interface enabled in the snapshot unless it
already matches your current configuration.
.RE
.PP
.I "Confirm actions"
.RS
Specify whether `dangerous' actions (those which could cause data
loss, for example resetting the Spectrum) require confirmation before
occurring.
.RE
.PP
.I "Auto-save settings"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will automatically write its
currently selected options to its configuration file on exit (either
in xml format if
.I libxml2
was available when Fuse was compiled or plain text). If this option 
is off, you'll have to manually use
.I "Options, Save"
afterwards to ensure that this setting gets written to Fuse's
configuration file. Note that if you turn this option on, loading a
snapshot could enable peripherals that would be written permanently 
to the configuration file.
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Media..."
.RS
Display the Media Options dialog, letting you configure Fuse's tape
and Microdrive options. (With the widget UI, the keys shown in brackets
toggle the options,
.I Enter
confirms any changes, and
.I Esc
aborts). Note that any changed settings only apply to the
currently-running Fuse.
.PP
.I "Auto-load media"
.RS
On many occasions when you open a tape or disk file, it's because it's
got a program in you want to load and run. If this option is selected,
this will automatically happen for you when you open one of these
files using the
.I "File, Open..."
menu option \(em you must then use the
.I Media
menu to use
tapes or disks for saving data to, or for loading data into an already
running program.
.RE
.PP
.I "Detect loaders"
.RS
If this option is enabled, Fuse will attempt to detect when a loading
routine is in progress, and then automatically start the virtual tape
to load the program in. This is done by using a heuristic to identify
a loading routine, so is by no means infallible, but works in most
cases.
.RE
.PP
.I "Phantom typist mode"
.RS
Specify the keystroke sequence that the "phantom typist" should use when
starting a program loading. Available options are
.RS
.PP
.I Auto
.PP
.I Keyword
.PP
.I Keystroke
.PP
.I Menu
.PP
.I Plus 2A
.PP
.I Plus 3
.RE
.PP
The first four of these correspond to automatic detection based on machine
model, keyword based entry, keystroke based entry, and selection from a 128K
style menu.
.I Plus 2A
and
.I Plus 3
also correspond to selection from a 128K style menu, but have special handling
for games which need to be loaded with `LOAD ""CODE'. The most likely use for
this option will be use
.I Keystroke
if you have changed the default 48K ROM for one with keystroke entry.
.RE
.PP
.I "Fastloading"
.RS
If this option is enabled, then Fuse will run at the fastest possible
speed when the virtual tape is playing, thus dramatically reducing the
time it takes to load programs. You may wish to disable this option if
you wish to stop the tape at a specific point.
.RE
.PP
.I "Use tape traps"
.RS
Ordinarily, Fuse intercepts calls to the ROM tape-loading routine in
order to load from tape files more quickly when possible. But this can
(rarely) interfere with TZX loading; disabling this option avoids the
problem at the cost of slower (i.e. always real-time) tape-loading.
When tape-loading traps are disabled, you need to start tape playback
manually, by pressing
.I F8
or choosing the
.I "Media, Tape, Play"
menu item. Fuse also uses tape traps to intercept the tape-saving
routine in the ROM to save tape files quickly, tapes can also be saved
using the
.I "Media, Tape, Record Start"
menu item.
.RE
.PP
.I "Accelerate loaders"
.RS
If this option is enabled, then Fuse will attempt to accelerate tape
loaders by \(lqshort circuiting\(rq the loading loop. This will in
general speed up loading, but may cause some loaders to fail.
.RE
.PP
.I "Use .slt traps"
.RS
The multi-load aspect of SLT files requires a trap instruction to be
supported. This instruction is not generally used except for this
trap, but since it's not inconceivable that a program could be wanting
to use the real instruction instead, you can choose whether to support
the trap or not.
.RE
.PP
.I "MDR cartridge len"
.RS
This option controls the number of blocks in a new Microdrive cartridge.
If the value smaller than 10 or greater than 254 Fuse assumes 10 or 254.
Average real capacity is around 180 blocks (90 Kb).
.RE
.PP
.I "Random length MDR cartridge"
.RS
If this option is enabled, Fuse will use a random Microdrive cartridge
length (around 180 blocks) instead of the length specified in the
.I "MDR cartridge len"
option.
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Sound..."
.RS
Display the Sound Options dialog, letting you configure Fuse's sound
output. (With the widget UI, the keys shown in brackets toggle the
options,
.I Enter
confirms any changes, and
.I Esc
aborts). Note that any changed settings only apply to the
currently-running Fuse.
.PP
.I "Sound enabled"
.RS
Specify whether sound output should be enabled at all. When this
option is disabled, Fuse will not make any sound.
.RE
.PP
.I "Loading sound"
.RS
Normally, Fuse emulates tape-loading noise when loading from PZXs, TAPs
or TZXs in real-time, albeit at a deliberately lower volume than on a
real Spectrum. You can disable this option to eliminate the loading
noise entirely.
.RE
.PP
.I "AY stereo separation"
.RS
By default, the sound output is mono, since this is all you got from
an unmodified Spectrum. But enabling this option gives you so-called
ACB stereo (for sound from the 128 and other clone's AY-3-8912 sound
chip).
.RE
.PP
.I "Force 8-bit"
.RS
Force the use of 8-bit sound even if 16-bit (the default) is
available. Note that (when the option is enabled) if 8-bit sound isn't
available then there will be no sound at all, so it's best not to use
this option unless you have a specific need for it.
.RE
.PP
.I "Speaker type"
.RS
This option allows the emulation of the sound output system to be
modified. Different choices of speaker limit the bass and treble
response that can be produced from the machine. Choose between a
\(lqTV\(rq type speaker and a small \(lqBeeper\(rq type speaker that
significantly limits bass and treble response. Choose \(lqUnfiltered\(rq
to get unmodified (but less accurate) sound output.
.RE
.PP
.I "AY volume"
.RS
Sets the relative volume of the AY-3-8912 chip from a range of 0\(en100%.
.RE
.PP
.I "Beeper volume"
.RS
Sets the relative volume of the beeper from a range of 0\(en100%.
.RE
.PP
.I "Covox volume"
.RS
Sets the relative volume of the Covox from a range of 0\(en100%.
.RE
.PP
.I "SpecDrum volume"
.RS
Sets the relative volume of the SpecDrum from a range of 0\(en100%.
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Peripherals, General..."
.RS
Display the General Peripherals Options dialog, letting you configure the
peripherals which Fuse will consider to be attached to the emulated
machine. (With the widget UI, the keys shown in brackets toggle the
options,
.I Enter
confirms any changes, and
.I Esc
aborts). Note that any changed settings only apply to the
currently-running Fuse. Also note that any changes that enable and disable
peripherals may result in a hard reset of the emulated machine.
.PP
.I "Kempston joystick"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Kempston joystick
interface (probably the most widely supported type on the Spectrum).
Note that this option is basically equivalent to plugging the
interface itself into a Spectrum, not to connecting a joystick; this
affects how the Spectrum responds to a read of input port\ 31. To use a
Kempston joystick in a game, this option must be enabled, and you must
also select a Kempston joystick the
.I "Options, Joysticks"
menu.
.RE
.PP
.I "Kempston mouse"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Kempston mouse interface.
.PP
If you're using Fuse full-screen, your mouse is automatically used as if
attached to the Kempston interface. Otherwise, you'll need to click on the
Spectrum display in order to tell Fuse to grab the pointer (and make it
invisible); to tell Fuse to release it, click the middle button (or wheel) or
press Escape.
.PP
With the framebuffer UI, Fuse prefers to use GPM; if this is not available,
it will fall back to built-in PS/2 mouse support. In this mode, it tries
\fI/dev/input/mice\fR, \fI/dev/mouse\fR then \fI/dev/psaux\fR, stopping when
it successfully opens one. The first of these is preferred since (at least on
Linux, with a 2.6-series kernel) any type of mouse can be used and any
connected mouse may be used.
.RE
.PP
.I "Swap mouse buttons"
.RS
If this option is enabled, the left and right mouse buttons will be swapped
when emulating a Kempston mouse.
.RE
.PP
.I "Fuller Box"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Fuller Box AY sound and
joystick interface. This emulation is only available for the 16k, 48k and
TC2048 machines.
.RE
.PP
.I "Melodik"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Melodik AY sound interface.
These interfaces and many similar ones were produced to make the 48K\ Spectrum
compatible with the same AY music as the 128K\ Spectrum. This emulation is only
available for the 16k, 48k and TC2048 machines.
.RE
.PP
.I "Interface\ 1"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the simple Sinclair
Interface\ 1, and allow Microdrive cartridges to be
connected and disconnected via the
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive"
menus. It also enables support for the Interface\ 1 RS-232 interface.
.RE
.PP
.I "Interface\ 2"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a cartridge port as
found on the Interface\ 2. Cartridges can then be inserted and removed
via the
.I "Media, Cartridge, Interface\ 2"
menu. Note that the Pentagon, Scorpion, Interface\ 2, ZXATASP and ZXCF
all use the same hardware mechanism for accessing some of their
extended features, so only one of these should be selected at once or
unpredictable behaviour will occur.
.RE
.PP
.I "Multiface One"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the Romantic Robot Multiface\ One.
Available for 16K, 48K and Timex TC2048 machines.
.RE
.PP
.I "Multiface\ 128"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the Romantic Robot
Multiface\ 128. Available for 16K, 48K, Timex TC2048, 128K, +2 and SE machines.
.RE
.PP
.I "Multiface\ 3"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the Romantic Robot
Multiface\ 3. Available for +2A, +3 and +3e machines.
.RE
.PP
.I "Stealth Multiface One"
.RS
This option controls the `invisible' or `stealth' mode of Multiface One,
as the physical switch on the side of the interface.
.RE
.PP
.I "Emulate printers"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a printer. See the
.B "PRINTER EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "ZX Printer"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the ZX Printer. See the
.B "PRINTER EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "SpeccyBoot interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a SpeccyBoot interface which
allows booting a ZX\ Spectrum over an Ethernet network. See the SpeccyBoot
web page at
.I http://patrikpersson.github.io/speccyboot/
for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "SpecDrum interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Cheetah SpecDrum sound
interface.  See the World of Spectrum Infoseek web page at
.I http://www.worldofspectrum.org/infoseekid.cgi?id=1000062
for manuals, software and more. This emulation is only available for
the 48k, 128k and TC2048 machines.
.RE
.PP
.I "Spectranet"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the Spectranet interface,
which provides an Ethernet interface for the Spectrum. See the
.B "SPECTRANET EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "Spectranet disable"
.RS
This option controls the state of the Spectranet automatic page-in jumper
(J2). See the
.B "SPECTRANET EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "TTX2000S"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the OEL/Volex TTX2000S
teletext adaptor. Available for the 16K and 48K machines. See the
.B "TTX2000S EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "\(mcSource"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Currah \(mcSource interface.
See the World of Spectrum Infoseek web page at
.I http://www.worldofspectrum.org/infoseekid.cgi?id=1000080
for the manual.
.RE
.PP
.I "Covox interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate a Covox digital sound
interface. This emulation is only available for the Pentagon, Pentagon 512k,
Pentagon 1024k and Scorpion machines. The Pentagon variants use port 0xfb and
the Scorpion version uses port 0xdd.
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Peripherals, Disk..."
.RS
Display the Disk Peripherals Options dialog, letting you configure the
disk interface peripherals which Fuse will consider to be attached to
the emulated machine. (With the widget UI, the keys shown in brackets
toggle the options,
.I Enter
confirms any changes, and
.I Esc
aborts). Note that any changed settings only apply to the
currently-running Fuse. Also note that any changes that enable and disable
peripherals may result in a hard reset of the emulated machine.
.PP
.I "Simple 8-bit IDE"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the simple 8-bit IDE
interface as used by the Spectrum\ +3e, and allow hard disks to be
connected and disconnected via the
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit"
menu.
.RE
.PP
.I "ZXATASP interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the ZXATASP interface,
which provides both additional RAM and an IDE interface. See the
.B "ZXATASP AND ZXCF"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "ZXATASP upload"
.RS
This option controls the state of the ZXATASP upload jumper. See the
.B "ZXATASP AND ZXCF"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "ZXATASP write protect"
.RS
This option controls the state of the ZXATASP write protect
jumper. See the
.B "ZXATASP AND ZXCF"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "ZXCF interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the ZXCF interface,
which provides both additional RAM and a CompactFlash interface. See
the
.B "ZXATASP AND ZXCF"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "ZXCF upload"
.RS
This option controls the state of the ZXCF upload jumper. See the
.B "ZXATASP AND ZXCF"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "ZXMMC interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the ZXMMC interface.
Available for +2A, +3 and +3e machines.
.RE
.PP
.I "DivIDE interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the DivIDE
interface. See the
.B "DIVIDE"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "DivIDE write protect"
.RS
This option controls the state of the DivIDE write protection
jumper. See the
.B "DIVIDE"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "DivMMC interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the DivMMC
interface. See the
.B "DIVMMC"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "DivMMC write protect"
.RS
This option controls the state of the DivMMC write protection
jumper that prevents flashing the EEPROM chip. See the
.B "DIVMMC"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "+D interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the +D interface.  See the
.B "+D EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "Didaktik 80 interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the Didaktik\ 80
(or Didaktik\ 40) interface.  See the
.B "DIDAKTIK\ 80 EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "DISCiPLE interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the DISCiPLE interface.  See the
.B "DISCIPLE EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "Beta\ 128 interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the Beta\ 128 interface.
See the
.B "BETA\ 128 EMULATION"
section for more details. Beta\ 128 emulation is enabled for the
Pentagon and Scorpion machines regardless of this option.
.RE
.PP
.I "Beta\ 128 auto-boot in 48K\ machines"
.RS
If this option is selected, then when a Beta\ 128 interface is used in 48K
or TC2048 emulation, the machine will boot directly into the TR-DOS system.
.RE
.PP
.I "Opus Discovery interface"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will emulate the Opus Discovery interface.
See the
.B "OPUS DISCOVERY EMULATION"
section for more details.
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, RZX..."
.RS
Display the RZX Options dialog, letting you configure how Fuse's deals
with RZX input recordings. (With the widget UI, the keys shown in
brackets toggle the options,
.I Enter
confirms any changes, and
.I Esc
aborts). Note that any changed settings only apply to the
currently-running Fuse.
.PP
.I "Create autosaves"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will add a snapshot into the recording
stream every 5\ seconds while creating an RZX file, thus enabling the
rollback facilities to be used without having to explicitly add
snapshots into the stream. Older snapshots will be pruned from the
stream to keep the file size and number of snapshots down: each snapshot
up to 15\ seconds will be kept, then one snapshot every 15\ seconds until
one minute, then one snapshot every minute until 5\ minutes, and then one
snapshot every 5\ minutes. Note that this \(lqpruning\(rq applies only to
automatically inserted snapshots: snapshots manually inserted into the
stream will never be pruned.
.RE
.PP
.I "Compress RZX data"
.RS
If this option is selected, and
.I zlib
was available when Fuse was compiled, any RZX files written by Fuse
will be compressed. This is generally a good thing as it makes the
files significantly smaller, and you probably want to turn it off only
if you're debugging the RZX files or there's some other program which
doesn't support compressed RZX files.
.RE
.PP
.I "Competition mode"
.RS
Any input recordings which are started when this option is selected
will be made in `competition mode'. In essence, this means that Fuse
will act just like a real Spectrum would: you can't load snapshots,
pause the emulation in any way, change the speed or anything that you
couldn't do on the real machine. If any of these things are attempted,
or if the emulated Fuse is running more than 5% faster or slower than
normal Spectrum speed, then the recording will immediately be stopped.
.PP
If
.I libgcrypt
was available when Fuse was compiled, then recordings made with
competition mode active will be digitally signed, in theory to
`certify' that it was made with the above restrictions in place.
\fBHowever, this procedure is not secure (and cannot be made so), so
the presence of any signature on an RZX file should not be taken as
providing proof that it was made with competition mode active.\fR
This feature is included in Fuse solely as it was one of the
requirements for Fuse to be used in an on-line tournament.
.RE
.PP
.I "Competition code"
.RS
The numeric code entered here will be written into any RZX files made
in competition mode. This is another feature for on-line tournaments
which can be used to `prove' that the recording was made after a
specific code was released. If you're not playing in such a
tournament, you can safely ignore this option.
.RE
.PP
.I "Always embed snapshot"
.RS
Specify whether a snapshot should be embedded in an RZX file when
recording is started from an existing snapshot.
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Movie..."
.RS
Display the Movie Options dialog, letting you configure how Fuse's deals
with movie recordings.
.PP
.I "Movie compression"
.RS
This option set the compression level to None, Lossless or High. (See the
.B "MOVIE RECORDING"
section for more information).
.RE
.PP
.I "Stop recording after RZX ends"
.RS
If this option is selected, Fuse will stop any movie recording after an RZX
playback is finished.
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Joysticks"
.RS
Fuse can emulate many of the common types of joystick which were
available for the Spectrum. The input for these emulated joysticks can
be taken from real joysticks attached to the emulating machine
(configured via the
.I "Options, Joysticks, Joystick\ 1..."
and
.I "Options, Joysticks, Joystick\ 2..."
options), or from the
.IR q ,
.IR a ,
.IR o ,
.IR p ,
and
.I Space
keys on the emulating machines keyboard, configured via the
.I "Options, Joysticks, Keyboard..."
option. Note that when using the keyboard to emulate a joystick, the
.IR q ,
.IR a ,
.IR o ,
.IR p ,
and
.I Space
keys will not have their normal effect (to avoid problems with games
which do things like use
.I p
for pause when using a joystick).
.PP
Each of the joysticks (including the `fake' keyboard joystick) can be
configured to emulate any one of the following joystick types:
.RS
.PP
.I None
.RS
No joystick: any input will simply be ignored.
.RE
.PP
.I Cursor
.RS
A cursor joystick, equivalent to pressing
.IR 5 " (left),"
.IR 6 " (down),"
.IR 7 " (up),"
.IR 8 " (right),"
and
.IR 0 " (fire)."
.RE
.PP
.I Kempston
.RS
A Kempston joystick, read from input port\ 31. Note that the
.I "Options, Peripherals, General, Kempston interface"
option must also be set for the input to be recognised.
.RE
.PP
.I "Sinclair\ 1"
.br
.I "Sinclair\ 2"
.RS
The `left' and `right' Sinclair joysticks, equivalent to pressing
.IR 1 " (left),"
.IR 2 " (right),"
.IR 3 " (down),"
.IR 4 " (up),"
and
.IR 5 " (fire),"
or
.IR 6 " (left),"
.IR 7 " (right),"
.IR 8 " (down),"
.IR 9 " (up),"
and
.IR 0 " (fire)"
respectively.
.RE
.PP
.I "Timex 1"
.br
.I "Timex\ 2"
.RS
The `left' and `right' joysticks as attached to the Timex\ 2068 variant's
built-in joystick interface.
.RE
.RE
.PP
For the real joysticks, it is also possible to configure what effect
each button on the joystick will have: this can be
.IR "Joystick Fire" ,
equivalent to pressing the emulated joystick's fire button,
.IR "Nothing" ,
meaning to have no effect, or any Spectrum key, meaning that pressing
that button will be equivalent to pressing that Spectrum key.
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Select ROMs, Machine ROMs"
.RS
An individual dialog is available for each Spectrum variant emulated
by Fuse which allows selection of the ROM(s) used by that
machine. Simply select the ROM you wish to use, and then reset the
Spectrum for the change to take effect.
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Select ROMs, Peripheral ROMs"
.RS
The same as the Machine ROMs menu, but an individual dialog is available
for peripherals that need a ROM. Simply select the ROM you wish to use,
and then reset the Spectrum for the change to take effect.
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Filter..."
.RS
Select the graphics filter currently in use. See the
.B "GRAPHICS FILTERS"
section for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I F11
.br
.I "Options, Full Screen"
.RS
Switch Fuse between full screen and windowed mode.
This menu is only available under the SDL UI.
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Disk Options..."
.RS
When emulating disk drives, Fuse allows the specification of the 
physical drive units attached to the emulated interface. Each drive 
can be set to be one of the following types:
.RS
.PP
.I Disabled
.PP
.I Single\-sided 40 track
.PP
.I Double\-sided 40 track
.PP
.I Single\-sided 80 track
.PP
.I Double\-sided 80 track
.RE
.PP
The
.I Disabled
option is not supported for Drive 1 or Drive A of any interface.
.PP
The available options that can be set are:
.PP
.I "+3 Drive A"
.RS
Defaults to a single-sided 40 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "+3 Drive B"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "+3 Detect Speedlock"
.RS
Specify whether the +3 drives try to detect Speedlock protected disks,
and emulate `weak' sectors.
If the disk image file (EDSK or UDI) contains weak sector data, than
Speedlock detection is automatically omitted.
See also the
.B "WEAK DISK DATA"
section.
.RE
.PP
.I "Beta 128 Drive A"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Beta 128 Drive B"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Beta 128 Drive C"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Beta 128 Drive D"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "+D Drive 1"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "+D Drive 2"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Didaktik 80 Drive A"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Didaktik 80 Drive B"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "DISCiPLE Drive 1"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "DISCiPLE Drive 2"
.RS
Defaults to a double-sided 80 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Opus Drive 1"
.RS
Defaults to a single-sided 40 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Opus Drive 2"
.RS
Defaults to a single-sided 40 track drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Try merge 'B' side of disks"
.RS
This option prompts the user to confirm whether Fuse should try to merge the 
`B' side of a disk image from a separate file when opening a new single-sided 
disk image.
.RE
.PP
.I "Confirm merge disk sides"
.RS
Select whether Fuse should try to merge a separate file for the `B' side of a
disk image separate file when opening a new disk image. Most double sided disk
images are dumped as two single sided disk images e.g.
`Golden Axe \- Side\ A.dsk' and `Golden Axe \- Side\ B.dsk'. So, if we want to
play Golden Axe, first we have to insert the first disk image and when the game
asks to insert side\ B, we have to find and open the second disk image, instead
of just `flip'-ing the disk inside the drive. If enabled, Fuse will try to open
the second image too and create a double sided disk image (merging the two one
sided disk images) and insert this merged virtual disk into the disk drive. The
function detects whether the file is one side of a double-sided image if the
filename matches a pattern like [Ss]ide[ _][abAB12][ _.] in the file name of a
disk that is being opened. If found, Fuse will try to open the other side of
the disk too substituting the appropriate characters in the filename e.g.
1\(->2, a\(->b, A\(->B. If successful then it will merge the two images and
now we have a double sided disk in drive. This means that if we open
`Golden Axe \- Side\ A.dsk', then Fuse will try to open `Golden Axe \- Side
B.dsk' too. Now, we can just `flip' the disk if Golden Axe asks for `Side\ B'.
The available options are
.IR Never ,
.I "With single-sided drives"
and
.IR Always .
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Options, Save"
.RS
This will cause Fuse's current options to be written to
.I .fuserc
in your home directory (Unix-like systems), or
.I fuse.cfg
in your %USERPROFILE% folder (Windows), from which they will be
picked up again when Fuse is restarted. The best way to update
this file is by using this option, but it's a simple XML file if
.I libxml2
was available when Fuse was compiled (otherwise, plain text), and
shouldn't be too hard to edit by hand if you really want to.
.RE
.PP
.I Pause
.br
.I "Machine, Pause"
.RS
Pause or unpause emulation. This option is available only under the
GTK and Win32 UIs; to pause the other user interfaces, simply press F1 to bring
up the main menu.
.RE
.PP
.I F5
.br
.I "Machine, Reset"
.RS
Reset the emulated Spectrum.
.RE
.PP
.I "Machine, Hard reset"
.RS
Reset the emulated Spectrum. A hard reset is equivalent to turning the
Spectrum's power off, and then turning it back on.
.RE
.PP
.I F9
.br
.I "Machine, Select..."
.RS
Choose a type of Spectrum to emulate. An brief overview of the
Sinclair, Amstrad and Timex can be found at
.I "http://www.nvg.ntnu.no/sinclair/computers/zxspectrum/zxspectrum.htm"
while more technical information can be found at
.IR "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/reference.htm" ,
and
.IR "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/tmxreference.htm" .
.PP
.I "Spectrum\ 16K"
.br
.I "Spectrum\ 48K"
.RS
The original machines as released by Sinclair in 1982 with 16 or 48K
of RAM respectively.
.RE
.PP
.I "Spectrum\ 48K (NTSC)"
.RS
The NTSC 48K machine released in limited numbers in parts of South
America.
.RE
.PP
.I "Spectrum\ 128K"
.RS
The 128K machine as released by Sinclair in 1985\ (Spain) or 1986\ (UK).
.RE
.PP
.I "Spectrum\ +2"
.RS
The first machine released by Amstrad, in 1986. From an emulation
point of view, the +2 is virtually identical to the 128K.
.RE
.PP
.I "Spectrum\ +2A"
.br
.I "Spectrum\ +3"
.RS
The two machines released by Amstrad in 1988. Technically very similar
to each other, except that the +3 features a 3\(sd disk drive while the
+2A does not.
.RE
.PP
.I "Spectrum\ +3e"
.RS
A +3 with modified ROMs allowing access to IDE hard disks via the
simple 8-bit interface, as activated from the
.I "Options, Peripherals, Disk..."
dialog. See
.I "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/zxplus3e/"
for more details.
.RE
.PP
.I "Timex TC2048"
.br
.I "Timex TC2068"
.RS
The variants of the Spectrum as released by Timex in Portugal.
.RE
.PP
.I "Timex TS2068"
.RS
The variant of the Spectrum released by Timex in North America.
.RE
.PP
.I "Pentagon\ 128K"
.RS
Russian clone of the Spectrum. There were many different machines
called Pentagon from 1989 to 2006, this machine corresponds to a
1991 era Pentagon\ 128K with the optional AY sound chip and the
integrated Beta\ 128 disk interface, and is the version of the
machine most often emulated. More technical details can be found
at
.IR "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/rusfaq/index.html" ,
.RE
.PP
.I "Pentagon\ 512K"
.br
.I "Pentagon\ 1024K"
.RS
Newer versions of the Pentagon Russian Spectrum clones which
incorporate more memory and the \(lqMr Gluk Reset Service\(rq ROM
offering a more powerful firmware.
.RE
.PP
.I "Scorpion\ ZS\ 256"
.RS
Another Russian clone of the Spectrum. Some details can be found
at
.IR "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/rusfaq/index.html" .
Like all the Russian clones, they have built in 3.5\(sd disk drives,
accessed via the Beta\ 128 disk interface and TR-DOS (the Technology
Research Disk Operating System). The most important distinction from
the Pentagon\ 128k and similar machines is the display timing details.
.RE
.PP
.I "Spectrum SE"
.RS
A recent variant designed by Andrew Owen and Jarek Adamski, which is
possibly best thought of as a cross between the 128K machine and the
Timex variants, allowing 272K of RAM to be accessed. Some more details
are available at
.IR "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/reference/sereference.htm" 
and documentation of the extended BASIC is available at 
.IR "https://github.com/cheveron/sebasic4/wiki" .
The bug tracker for the BASIC is at 
.IR "https://github.com/cheveron/sebasic4/issues?state=open" .
.RE
.RE
.PP
.I "Machine, Debugger..."
.RS
Start the monitor/debugger. See the
.B "MONITOR/DEBUGGER"
section for more information.
.RE
.PP
.I "Machine, Poke Finder..."
.RS
Start the `poke finder'. See the
.B "POKE FINDER"
section for more information.
.RE
.PP
.I "Machine, Poke Memory..."
.RS
Allow one to use multiface POKEs for things such as infinite lives. See the
.B "POKE MEMORY"
section for more information.
.RE
.PP
.I "Machine, Memory Browser..."
.RS
Start the memory browser. It should be fairly obvious what this does;
perhaps the only thing worth noting is that emulation is paused until
you close the window.
.RE
.PP
.I "Machine, NMI"
.RS
Sends a non-maskable interrupt to the emulated Spectrum. Due to a typo
in the standard 48K ROM, this will cause a reset, but modified ROMs are
available which make use of this feature. When the +D (or DISCiPLE) is
emulated, this is used to access the +D (or DISCiPLE)'s screenshot and
snapshot features (see the
.B "+D EMULATION"
and
.B "DISCIPLE EMULATION"
sections below).  For the DISCiPLE, Caps Shift must be held down whilst
pressing the NMI button.  For some UIs, this may be tricky, or even
impossible to do.  Note that GDOS on the DISCiPLE contains a bug which
causes corruption of saved snapshots, and a failure to return from the
NMI menu correctly.  This bug is not present in G+DOS on the +D.
.RE
.PP
.I "Machine, Multiface Red Button"
.RS
Presses the Multiface One/128/3 red button to active the interface.
.RE
.PP
.I "Machine, Didaktik SNAP"
.RS
Presses the Didaktik 80 (or Didaktik 40)'s `SNAP' button.
.RE
.PP
.I F7
.br
.I "Media, Tape, Open..."
.RS
Choose a PZX, TAP or TZX virtual-tape file to load from. See the
.B "FILE SELECTION"
section below for details on how to choose the file. If
.I "Auto-load media"
is set in the Media Options dialog (as it is by default),
you may use the
.I "File, Open..."
menu option instead, and the tape will begin loading automatically.
Otherwise, you have to start the load in the emulated machine
(with LOAD "" or the 128's Tape Loader option, though you may need
to reset first).
.PP
To
.I guarantee
that TZX files will load properly, you should select the file, make
sure tape-loading traps are disabled in the Media Options dialog,
then press
.I F8
(or do
.IR "Media, Tape, Play" ).
That said, most TZXs will work with tape-loading traps enabled (often
quickly loading partway, then loading the rest real-time), so you
might want to try it that way first.
.RE
.PP
.I F8
.br
.I "Media, Tape, Play"
.RS
Start playing the PZX, TAP or TZX file, if required. (Choosing the option
(or pressing
.IR F8 )
again pauses playback, and a further press resumes). To explain \(em if
tape-loading traps have been disabled (in the Media Options dialog),
starting the loading process in the emulated machine isn't enough. You
also have to `press play', so to speak :\-), and this is how you do
that. You may also need to `press play' like this in certain other
circumstances, e.g. TZXs containing multi-load games may have a
stop-the-tape request (which Fuse obeys).
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Tape, Browse"
.RS
Browse through the current tape. A brief display of each of the data
blocks on the current tape will appear, from which you can select
which block Fuse will play next. With the GTK UI, emulation will
continue while the browser is displayed; double-clicking on a block
will select it. In the other UIs, emulation is paused and you can use
the cursor keys and press
.I Enter
to select it. If you decide you don't want to change block, just press
.IR Escape .
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Tape, Rewind"
.RS
Rewind the current virtual tape, so it can be read again from the
beginning.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Tape, Clear"
.RS
Clear the current virtual tape. This is particularly useful when you
want a `clean slate' to add newly-saved files to, before doing
.I "Media, Tape, Write..."
(or
.IR F6 ).
.RE
.PP
.I F6
.br
.I "Media, Tape, Write..."
.RS
Write the current virtual-tape contents to a TZX file. You will be
prompted for a filename. The virtual-tape contents are the contents of
the previously-loaded tape (if any has been loaded since you last did
a
.IR "Media, Tape, Clear" ),
followed by anything you've saved from the emulated machine since.
These newly-saved files are
.I not
written to any tape file until you choose this option!
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Tape, Record Start"
.RS
Starts directly recording the output from the emulated Spectrum to the
current virtual-tape. This is useful when you want to record using a
non-standard ROM or from a custom save routine. Most tape operations
are disabled during recording. Stop recording with the
.I "Media, Tape, Write..."
menu option.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Tape, Record Stop"
.RS
Stops the direct recording and places the new recording into the
virtual-tape.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1"
.RS
Virtual Microdrive images are accessible only when the Interface\ 1 is
active from the
.I "Options, Peripherals, General..."
dialog. Note that any changes to the Microdrive image will not be
written to the file on disk until the appropriate save option is used.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 1, Insert New"
.RS
Insert a new (unformatted) Microdrive cartridge into emulated
Microdrive\ 1.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 1, Insert..."
.RS
Insert an existing Microdrive cartridge image into emulated Microdrive
1. You will be prompted for a filename.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 1, Eject"
.RS
Eject the Microdrive image in Microdrive\ 1. If the image has been
modified, you will be asked as to whether you want any changes saved.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 1, Save"
.RS
Save the Microdrive image in Microdrive\ 1.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 1, Save as..."
.RS
Write the Microdrive image in Microdrive\ 1 to a file. You will be
prompted for a filename.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 1, Write protect, Enable"
.RS
Enable the write protect tab for the image in Microdrive\ 1.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 1, Write protect, Disable"
.RS
Disable the write protect tab for the image in Microdrive\ 1.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 2, ..."
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 3, ..."
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 4, ..."
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 5, ..."
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 6, ..."
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 7, ..."
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, Microdrive\ 8, ..."
.RS
Equivalent options for the other emulated Microdrives.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, RS232, Plug RxD"
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, RS232, Unplug RxD"
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, RS232, Plug TxD"
.br
.I "Media, Interface\ 1, RS232, Unplug TxD"
.RS
Connect or disconnect a communication channels (FIFO or file) to use
as the RS-232 TxD or RxD wire.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk"
.RS
Virtual floppy disk images are accessible when emulating a +3, +3e,
Pentagon or Scorpion, or when the Beta\ 128, Opus Discovery, +D, Didaktik or
DISCiPLE interface options are enabled and a machine compatible with
the chosen interface is selected. (See
.BR "THE .DSK FORMAT" ,
.BR "BETA\ 128 EMULATION" ,
.BR "OPUS DISCOVERY EMULATION" ,
.BR "+D EMULATION" ,
.B "DIDAKTIK\ 80 EMULATION"
and
.B "DISCIPLE EMULATION"
sections below for notes on the file formats supported).
.PP
Once again, any changes made to a disk image will not affect the file
which was `inserted' into the drive. If you do want to keep any
changes, use the appropriate `eject and write' option before exiting
Fuse.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +3, Drive\ A:, Insert..."
.RS
Insert a disk-image file to read/write in the +3's emulated drive
A:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +3, Drive\ A:, Eject"
.RS
Eject the disk image currently in the +3's emulated drive\ A: \(em or
from the emulated machine's perspective, eject it. Note that any
changes made to the image will not be saved.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +3, Drive\ A:, Save"
.RS
Save the disk image currently in the +3's drive\ A:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +3, Drive\ A:, Save as..."
.RS
Save the current state of the disk image currently in the +3's
drive\ A: to a file. You will be prompted for a filename.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +3, Drive\ B:, Insert..."
.RS
As above, but for the +3's drive\ B:. Fuse emulates drive\ B: as a
second 3\(sd drive.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +3, Drive\ B:, Eject"
.RS
As above, but for drive\ B:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +3, Drive\ B:, Save"
.RS
As above, but for drive\ B:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +3, Drive\ B:, Save as..."
.RS
As above, but for drive\ B:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ A:, Insert New"
.RS
Insert a new (unformatted) disk into the emulated Beta drive\ A:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ A:, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ A:, Eject"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ A:, Save"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ A:, Save as..."
.RS
As above, but for the emulated Beta disk drive\ A:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ A:, Write protect, Enable"
.RS
Enable the write protect tab for the image in Beta drive\ A:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ A:, Write protect, Disable"
.RS
Disable the write protect tab for the image in Beta drive\ A:.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ B:, ..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ C:, ..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Beta, Drive\ D:, ..."
.RS
As above, but for the remaining emulated Beta disk interface drives.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, Opus, Drive\ 1, Insert New"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Opus, Drive\ 1, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Opus, Drive\ 1, Eject"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Opus, Drive\ 1, Save"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Opus, Drive\ 1, Save as..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Opus, Drive\ 1, Write protect, Enable"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Opus, Drive\ 1, Write protect, Disable"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Opus, Drive\ 2, ..."
.RS
As above, but for the emulated Opus Discovery drives.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, +D, Drive\ 1, Insert New"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, +D, Drive\ 1, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, +D, Drive\ 1, Eject"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, +D, Drive\ 1, Save"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, +D, Drive\ 1, Save as..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, +D, Drive\ 1, Write protect, Enable"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, +D, Drive\ 1, Write protect, Disable"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, +D, Drive\ 2, ..."
.RS
As above, but for the emulated +D drives.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, Didaktik 80, Drive\ A, Insert New"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Didaktik 80, Drive\ A, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Didaktik 80, Drive\ A, Eject"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Didaktik 80, Drive\ A, Save"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Didaktik 80, Drive\ A, Save as..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Didaktik 80, Drive\ A, Write protect, Enable"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Didaktik 80, Drive\ A, Write protect, Disable"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, Didaktik 80, Drive\ B, ..."
.RS
As above, but for the emulated Didaktik 80 drives.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Disk, DISCiPLE, Drive\ 1, Insert New"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, DISCiPLE, Drive\ 1, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, DISCiPLE, Drive\ 1, Eject"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, DISCiPLE, Drive\ 1, Save"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, DISCiPLE, Drive\ 1, Save as..."
.br
.I "Media, Disk, DISCiPLE, Drive\ 1, Write protect, Enable"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, DISCiPLE, Drive\ 1, Write protect, Disable"
.br
.I "Media, Disk, DISCiPLE, Drive\ 2, ..."
.RS
As above, but for the emulated DISCiPLE drives.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Cartridge, Timex Dock, Insert..."
.RS
Insert a cartridge into the Timex\ 2068 dock. This will cause the
emulated machine to be changed to the TC2068 (if it wasn't already
a 2068 variant) and reset.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Cartridge, Timex Dock, Eject"
.RS
Remove the cartridge from the Timex\ 2068 dock. This will cause the
emulated machine to be reset.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Cartridge, Interface\ 2, Insert..."
.RS
Insert a cartridge into the Interface\ 2 cartridge slot. This will
cause the emulated machine to be reset and the cartridge loaded.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, Cartridge, Interface\ 2, Eject..."
.RS
Remove the cartridge from the Interface\ 2 cartridge slot. This will
cause the emulated machine to be reset.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master, Insert..."
.RS
Connect an IDE hard disk to the simple 8-bit interface's master channel.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master, Commit"
.RS
Cause any writes which have been done to virtual hard disk attached to
the simple 8-bit interface's master channel to be committed to the
real disk, such that they survive the virtual disk being ejected.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master, Eject"
.RS
Eject the virtual hard disk from the simple 8-bit interface's master
channel. Note that any writes to the virtual hard disk will be lost
unless the
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master, Commit"
option is used before the disk is ejected.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Slave, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Slave, Commit"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Slave, Eject"
.RS
The same as the
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master"
entries above, but for the simple 8-bit interface's slave channel.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Master, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Master, Commit"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Master, Eject"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Slave, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Slave, Commit"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXATASP, Slave, Eject"
.RS
The same as the
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master"
entries above, but for the two channels of the ZXATASP interface.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, ZXCF CompactFlash, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXCF CompactFlash, Commit"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXCF CompactFlash, Eject"
.RS
The same as the
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit, Master"
entries above, but for the ZXCF interface's CompactFlash slot.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, ZXMMC, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXMMC, Commit"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, ZXMMC, Eject"
.RS
The same as the
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit"
entries above, but for the memory card slot of the ZXMMC interface.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, DivIDE, Master, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, IDE, DivIDE, Master, Commit"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, DivIDE, Master, Eject"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, DivIDE, Slave, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, IDE, DivIDE, Slave, Commit"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, DivIDE, Slave, Eject"
.RS
The same as the
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit"
entries above, but for the two channels of the DivIDE interface.
.RE
.PP
.I "Media, IDE, DivMMC, Insert..."
.br
.I "Media, IDE, DivMMC, Commit"
.br
.I "Media, IDE, DivMMC, Eject"
.RS
The same as the
.I "Media, IDE, Simple 8-bit"
entries above, but for the memory card slot of the DivMMC interface.
.RE
.PP
.I "Help, Keyboard..."
.RS
Display a diagram showing the Spectrum keyboard, and the various
keywords that can be generated with each key from (48K) BASIC. Under
the GTK and Win32 UIs, this will appear in a separate window and emulation
continues. With the other UIs, the picture remains onscreen (and the
emulator paused) until you press
.I Esc
or
.IR Enter .
.RE
.PP
.I "Help, About..."
.RS
Show Fuse's version number.
.RE
.PP
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "KEY MAPPINGS"
When emulating the Spectrum, keys
.I F1
to
.I F10
are used as shortcuts for various menu items, as described above. The
alphanumeric keys (along with
.I Enter
and
.IR Space )
are mapped as-is to the Spectrum keys. The other key mappings are:
.TP
.I Shift
emulated as Caps Shift
.TP
.IR Control ", " Alt ", and " Meta
emulated as Symbol Shift (most other modifiers are also mapped to
this)
.TP
.I Backspace
emulated as Caps\(en0 (Delete)
.TP
.I Esc
emulated as Caps\(en1 (Edit)
.TP
.I "Caps Lock"
emulated as Caps\(en2
.TP
.I "Cursor keys"
emulated as Caps\(en5/6/7/8 (as appropriate)
.TP
.I Tab
emulated as Caps Shift\(enSymbol Shift (Extended Mode)
.PP
Some further punctuation keys are supported, if they exist on your
keyboard \(em
.RI ` , ',
.RI ` . ',
.RI ` / ',
.RI ` ; ',
.RI ` \(aq ',
.RI ` # ',
.RI ` \- ',
and
.RI ` = '.
These are mapped to the appropriate symbol-shifted keys on the
Spectrum.
.PP
A list of keys applicable when using the file selection dialogs is
given in the
.B "FILE SELECTION"
section below.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "DISPLAY SIZE"
Some of Fuse's UIs allow resizing of the emulated Spectrum's display.
For the window-based ones (GTK, Win32 and Xlib), you can resize the window
by, well, resizing it. :\-) Exactly how this works depends on your
window manager; you may have to make the window over twice the width
and height of the original size before it actually scales up. Fuse
attempts to keep the window `square', but with some window managers
this can mean the window will never resize at all. If you experience
this problem, the
.RB ` \-\-no\-aspect\-hint '
option may help.
.PP
If you're using the SDL UI under X11 or GTK, the window will
automatically resize to be the correct size for the graphics filter
selected.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "GRAPHICS FILTERS"
Fuse has the ability to apply essentially arbitrary filters between
building its image of the Spectrum's screen, and displaying it on the
emulating machine's monitor. These filters can be used to do various
forms of smoothing, emulation of TV scanlines and various other
possibilities. Support for graphics filters varies between the
different user interfaces, but there are two general classes: the GTK,
Win32, Xlib, SVGAlib and SDL user interfaces (and the saving of .png
screenshots) support `interpolating' filters which use a palette larger
than the Spectrum's 16\ colours, while the framebuffer user interface
currently does not support filters at all.
.PP
A further complication arises due to the fact that the Timex machines
have their high-resolution video mode with twice the horizontal
resolution. To deal with this, Fuse treats these machines as having a
`normal' display size which is twice the size of a normal Spectrum's
screen, leading to a different set of filters being available for
these machines. Note that any of the double or triple-sizing filters
are available for Timex machines only when using the SDL, Win32 or GTK
user interfaces.
.PP
The available filters, along with their short name used to select them
from the command line, are:
.PP
.IR "Timex half (smoothed) " ( half )
.br
.IR "Timex half (skipping) " ( halfskip )
.RS
Two Timex-machine specific filters which scale the screen down to half
normal (Timex) size; that is, the same size as a normal Spectrum
screen. The difference between these two filters is in how they handle
the high-resolution mode: the `smoothed' version is an interpolating
filter which averages pairs of adjacent pixels, while the `skipping'
version is a non-interpolating filter which simply drops every other
pixel.
.RE
.PP
.IR "Normal " ( normal )
.RS
The simplest filter: just display one pixel for every pixel on the
Spectrum's screen.
.RE
.PP
.IR "Double size " ( 2x )
.RS
Scale the displayed screen up to double size.
.RE
.PP
.IR "Triple size " ( 3x )
.RS
Scale the displayed screen up to triple size. Available only with the
GTK, Win32, Xlib and SDL user interfaces or when saving screenshots of
non-Timex machines.
.RE
.PP
.IR "Quadruple size " ( 4x )
.RS
Scale the displayed screen up to quadruple size. Available only with the
GTK, Win32 and SDL user interfaces.
.RE
.PP
.IR "2xSaI " ( 2xsai )
.br
.IR "Super 2xSaI " ( super2xsai )
.br
.IR "SuperEagle " ( supereagle )
.RS
Three interpolating filters which apply successively more
smoothing. All three double the size of the displayed screen.
.RE
.PP
.IR "AdvMAME2x " ( advmame2x )
.RS
A double-sizing, non-interpolating filter which attempts to smooth
diagonal lines.
.RE
.PP
.IR "AdvMAME3x " ( advmame3x )
.RS
Very similar to
.IR AdvMAME2x ,
except that it triples the size of the displayed screen. Available
only with the GTK, Win32, Xlib and SDL user interfaces or when saving
screenshots of non-Timex machines.
.RE
.PP
.IR "TV\ 2x " ( tv2x )
.br
.IR "TV\ 3x " ( tv3x )
.br
.IR "TV\ 4x " ( tv4x )
.br
.IR "Timex\ TV " ( timextv )
.RS
Four filters which attempt to emulate the effect of television
scanlines. The first is a double-sizing filter for non-Timex
machines, the second is a similar triple-sizing filter, the third
is a similar quadruple-sizing filter, while the last
is a single-sizing filter for Timex machines (note that this means TV\ 2X
and Timex\ TV produce the same size output).
.RE
.PP
.IR "PAL\ TV " ( paltv )
.br
.IR "PAL\ TV\ 2x " ( paltv2x )
.br
.IR "PAL\ TV\ 3x " ( paltv3x )
.br
.IR "PAL\ TV\ 4x " ( paltv4x )
.RS
Four filters which attempt to emulate the effect of the PAL TV system
which layers a lower-resolution colour image over the top of a
higher-resolution black-and-white image. The filters can also optionally
add scanlines like the other TV series scalers.
.RE
.PP
.IR "Dot matrix " ( dotmatrix )
.RS
A double-sizing filter which emulates the effect of a dot-matrix
display.
.RE
.PP
.IR "Timex\ 1.5x " ( timex15x )
.RS
An interpolating Timex-specific filter which scales the Timex screen
up to 1.5\(mu its usual size (which is therefore 3\(mu the size of a
`normal' Spectrum screen). Available only for the GTK, Win32 and SDL
user interfaces or when saving screenshots.
.RE
.PP
.IR "Timex\ 2x " ( timex2x )
.RS
A non-interpolating Timex-specific filter which scales the Timex screen
up to 2\(mu its usual size (which is therefore 4\(mu the size of a
`normal' Spectrum screen). Available only for the GTK, Win32 and SDL
user interfaces or when saving screenshots.
.RE
.PP
.IR "HQ\ 2x " ( hq2x )
.br
.IR "HQ\ 3x " ( hq3x )
.br
.IR "HQ\ 4x " ( hq4x )
.RS
Three filters which do high quality (but slow) antialiasing. Doubles and
triples and quadruples the size of the displayed screen respectively.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "THE EMULATED SPECTRUM"
The emulated Spectrum is, by default, an unmodified 48K\ Spectrum with
a tape player and ZX\ Printer attached. Oh, and apparently some magical
snapshot load/save machine which is probably best glossed over for the
sake of the analogy. :\-)
.PP
To emulate different kinds of Spectrum, select the
.I "Machine, Select..."
menu option, or press
.IR F9 .
.PP
The Spectrum emulation is paused when any dialogs appear. In the
widget UI, it's also paused when menus or the keyboard picture are
displayed.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "PRINTER EMULATION"
The various models of Spectrum supported a range of ways to connect
printers, three of which are supported by Fuse. Different printers are
made available for the different models:
.PP
.TP
.IR 16 ", " 48 ", " TC2048 ", " TC2068 ", " TS2068
ZX\ Printer
.TP
.IR 128 / +2 / Pentagon
Serial printer (text-only)
.TP
.IR +2A ", " +3
Parallel printer (text-only)
.PP
If Opus Discovery, +D or DISCiPLE emulation is in use and printer
emulation is enabled, text-only emulation of the disk interface's
parallel printer interface is provided.
.PP
Any printout is appended to one (or both) of two files, depending on
the printer \(em these default to
.I printout.txt
for text output, and
.I printout.pbm
for graphics (PBM images are supported by most image viewers and
converters). These names can be changed with the
.B \-\-textfile
and
.B \-\-graphicsfile
options from the command line or configuration file. While the
ZX\ Printer can
.I only
output graphically, simulated text output is generated at the same
time using a crude sort of OCR based on the current character set (a
bit like using SCREEN$). There is currently no support for graphics
when using the serial/parallel output, though any escape codes used
will be `printed' faithfully. (!)
.PP
By the way, it's not a good idea to modify the
.I printout.pbm
file outside of Fuse if you want to continue appending to it. The
header needs to have a certain layout for Fuse to be able to continue
appending to it correctly, and the file will be overwritten if it
can't be appended to.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "ZXATASP AND ZXCF"
The ZXATASP and ZXCF interfaces are two peripherals designed by Sami
Vehmaa which significantly extend the capabilities of the
Spectrum. More details on both are available from Sami's homepage,
.IR "http://user.tninet.se/~vjz762w/" ,
but a brief overview is given here.
.PP
The real ZXATASP comes with either 128K or 512K of RAM and the ability
to connect an IDE hard disks and a CompactFlash card, while the ZXCF
comes with 128K, 512K or 1024K of RAM and the ability to connect a
CompactFlash card. From an emulation point of view, the two interfaces
are actually very similar as a CompactFlash card is logically just an
IDE hard disk. Currently, Fuse's emulation is fixed at having 512K of
RAM in the ZXATASP and 1024K in the ZXCF.
.PP
To activate the ZXATASP, simply select the
.I "ZXATASP interface"
option from the
.I "Options, Peripherals, Disk..."
dialog. The state of the upload and write protect jumpers is then
controlled by the
.I "ZXATASP upload"
and
.I "ZXATASP write protect"
options. Similarly, the ZXCF is controlled by the
.I "ZXCF interface"
and
.I "ZXCF upload"
options (the ZXCF write protect is software controlled).
.PP
If you're using either the ZXATASP or ZXCF, you almost certainly want
to investigate ResiDOS, the operating system designed for use with the
ZXATASP and ZXCF. ResiDOS provides facilities for using the extra RAM,
accessing the mass storage devices and a task manager allowing
virtually instant switching between programs on the Spectrum. See
.I "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/residos/"
for more details.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "DIVIDE"
The DivIDE is another IDE interface for the Spectrum, of which full
details can be found at
.IR "http://web.archive.org/web/20150302052256/http://baze.au.com/divide/" .
The interface can be activated via the
.I "DivIDE interface"
option from the
.I "Options, Peripherals, Disk..."
dialog, and the state of its write protect jumper controlled via the
.IR "DivIDE write protect option" .
If you're going to be using the DivIDE, you'll probably want one of
the firmwares available from the DivIDE homepage.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "DIVMMC"
The DivMMC is a MMC interface for the Spectrum. Originally designed by
Alessandro Dorigatti for the V6Z80P+ FPGA board as the fusion of DivIDE
and ZXMMC+ interfaces, later assembled as an interface for real spectrums
by Mario Prato. Currently there are variants with different RAM size,
one/two memory cards slots, optional kempston jostick, etc.
.PP
The interface can be activated via the
.I "DivMMC interface"
option from the
.I "Options, Peripherals, Disk..."
dialog, and the state of its EEPROM write protect jumper controlled via the
.IR "DivMMC write protect option" .
If you're going to be using the DivMMC, you'll need to load the ESXDOS
firmware at
.IR "http://www.esxdos.org/
or use the ZX Spectrum +3e ROMs by Garry Lancaster.
.PP
You'll also need a HDF image to store the contents of the memory card.
There are several tools to create and manipulate this file format, e.g.,
hdfmonkey at
.IR "https://github.com/gasman/hdfmonkey" .
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "SPECTRANET EMULATION"
The Spectranet is an Ethernet network interface for the ZX\ Spectrum
by Dylan Thomas. The interface can be activated via the
.I Spectranet
option on the Peripherals preferences dialog, and the state of its
automatic page-in (disable) jumper controlled via the
.I "Spectranet disable"
option. If you're going to be using the Spectranet, you'll
probably want one of the firmwares available from the Spectranet
homepage
.RI ( http://spectrum.alioth.net/doc/index.php )
which is also where you can find more information on using the interface.
.PP
Installing the Spectranet firmware on Fuse is slightly more
complicated than on a real machine, mostly because Fuse's emulation
doesn't support DHCP. These instructions are correct as of 2012-01-26
\(em if you're using a later firmware than this, things may have changed
slightly.
.PP
The first thing you will need to do is to obtain a copy of the
Spectranet installer as a .tap file (or similar). The installer is
also available at the Spectranet site above.

Once you have a copy of the installer, start Fuse and tick the
.I "Spectranet"
option from the
.I "Options, Peripherals, General..."
dialog, and the state of its write protect jumper controlled via the
.I "Spectranet disable"
option. Once that's done, open the installer file (use the
.I "Media, Tape, Open..."
command rather than
.I "File, Open..."
to prevent autoloading) and enter the following commands from BASIC:
.PP
CLEAR 26999
.br
LOAD "" CODE
.br
RANDOMIZE USR 27000
.PP
The screen should turn blue and you'll see around 20 lines of message
appearing as the firmware is installed, starting with \(lqErasing sector
0\(rq and finishing with \(lqRestoring page B\(rq, and you'll get the familiar
0\ OK,\ 0:\ 1 at the bottom of the screen.
.PP
Now untick the
.I "Spectranet disable"
option from the
.I "Options, Peripherals, General..."
dialog and reset the Spectrum. You should see a very brief blue status
screen, before the regular copyright screen appears with some
Spectranet information at the top \(em there should be four status lines,
starting with \(lqAlioth Spectranet\(rq and ending with the Spectranet's IP
address (which will be 255.255.255.255 at this stage).
.PP
Now trigger an NMI (the Machine / NMI menu option)
and you should get a white on blue Spectranet NMI menu with five
options.
.PP
Select [A] Configure network settings \(em this should lead you to
another menu, which will scroll of the top of the screen; don't worry
about this for now.
.PP
You'll now need to set various options:
.PP
[A] Enable/disable DHCP \(em select N
.br
[B] Change IP address \(em enter the IP address of the machine you are
running Fuse on.
.br
[C] Change netmask \(em enter the appropriate netmask for the IP address
you selected above. If that doesn't mean anything to you, try
255.255.255.0
.br
[D] Change default gateway \(em enter the appropriate gateway address.
If you don't know any better, enter the IP address of your router.
.br
[E] Change primary DNS \(em enter the address of your DNS server. If you
don't know any better, use Google's public DNS server, 8.8.8.8.
.PP
There is no need to change options [F] or [G], but do select:
.PP
[H] Change hostname \(em enter a hostname for the Spectranet-enabled
machine. It doesn't really matter what you enter here \(em it's mostly
useful just to replace the junk default name so you can see what you've
entered for the other settings.
.PP
Your screen should now look something like this:
.PP
.TS
l s
l l.
Current configuration
=
Use DHCP	: No
IP address	: 192.168.000.002
Netmask	: 255.255.255.000
Default gateway	: 192.168.000.001
Primary DNS	: 192.168.000.001
Secondary DNS	: 255.255.255.255
Hardware address	: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
Hostname	: fuse
.T&
l s.
<menu options>
.TE
.PP
If everything looks correct, select [I] Save changes and exit (you'll
see a brief \(lqSaving configuration...\(rq message) followed by [E] Exit,
at which point you'll be returned to BASIC.
.PP
Now type the following commands:
.PP
%cfgnew
.br
%cfgcommit
.PP
Which will show the standard 0 OK, 0:1 at the bottom of the screen. 
.PP
Reset the Spectrum again
and you'll see the same four line status display, but this time with
your IP address on the last line.
.PP
Congratulations! You have now installed the Spectranet firmware. To
save having to go through all that every time you start Fuse, save a .szx
snapshot at this point, and load that in every time you want to
use the Spectranet.

.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "TTX2000S EMULATION"
Fuse supports emulating the OEL/Volex TTX2000S teletext adaptor with
16K and 48K machines.
.PP
The interface has four tuning presets and extracts teletext signals
from the vertical blanking interval of the selected television channel.
These teletext signals are emulated by means of a simple TCP socket
interface provided by an external server application. An example server
written in Python is available from
.I https://github.com/ZXGuesser/teletext-packet-server
.PP
The default address for the four packet servers is 127.0.0.1 (loopback
address), ports 19761 to 19764. Connections can also be made to other
computers on a fast LAN by IP address or hostname. Connecting a packet
server via the internet is not recommended.
.PP
Only one connection is active at a time. Changing channel preset on
the emulated interface closes any active connection and opens a new
connection to the appropriate server. The same packet server can be
set for multiple tuning presets.
.PP
Note that a limitation of the TTX2000S ROM means that it only decodes
the first 12 lines of a teletext signal. This can be fixed by entering
BASIC and executing `POKE 23394,33' then re-entering the teletext ROM
with `RANDOMIZE USR 23500'. Alternatively just use teletext packet
sources with 12 lines per field or fewer.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH "FILE SELECTION"
The way you select a file (whether snapshot or tape file) depends on
which UI you're using. So firstly, here's how to use the GTK file
selector.
.PP
The selector shows the directories and files in the current directory
in two separate subwindows. If either list is too big to fit in the
window, you can use the scrollbar to see the rest (by dragging the
slider, for example), or you can use
.I Shift\(enTab
(to move the keyboard focus to a subwindow) and use the cursor keys.
To change directory, double-click it.
.PP
To choose a file to load you can either double-click it, or click it
then click
.IR Ok .
Or click
.I Cancel
to abort.
.PP
If you're using the keyboard, probably the easiest way to use the
selector is to just ignore it and type in the name. This isn't as
irksome as it sounds, since the filename input box has filename
completion \(em type part of a directory or file name, then press
.IR Tab .
It should complete it. If it was a directory, it moves to that
directory; if the completion was ambiguous, it completes as much as
possible, and narrows the filenames shown to those which match. You
should press
.I Enter
when you've finished typing the filename, or
.I Esc
to abort.
.PP
Now, if you're using the widget UI \(em the one using the Spectrum font \(em
the selector works a bit differently. The files and directories are
all listed in a single two-column-wide window (the directories are
shown at the top, ending in `/') \(em the names may be truncated onscreen
if they're too long to fit.
.PP
To move the cursor, you can either use the cursor keys, or the
Spectrum equivalents
.\" too many to portably risk using IR...
\fI5\fR/\fI6\fR/\fI7\fR/\fI8\fR, or (similarly)
\fIh\fR/\fIj\fR/\fIk\fR/\fIl\fR. For faster movement, the
.IR "Page Up" ,
.IR "Page Down" ,
.IR Home ,
and
.I End
keys are supported and do what you'd expect. To select a file or
directory, press
.IR Enter .
To abort, press
.IR Esc .
.PP
With both selectors, do bear in mind that
.I all
files are shown, whether Fuse would be able to load them or not.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH MONITOR/DEBUGGER
.PP
Firstly, note that the vast majority of this section applies only if
you're using the GTK user interface; if you're using one of the
widget user interfaces, you'll get a very basic monitor which shows
the current values of the registers and allows you to single step
through execution or continue.
.PP
If you are using the GTK user interface, Fuse features a moderately
powerful, completely transparent monitor/debugger, which can be
activated via the
.I "Machine, Debugger..."
menu option. A debugger window will appear, showing the current state
of the emulated machine: the top-left `pane' shows the current state
of the Z80 and the last bytes written to any emulated peripherals. The
bottom-left pane lists any active breakpoints. Moving right, the next
pane shows where the Spectrum's 64K memory map (the
.RI ` W? '
and
.RI ` C? '
indicate whether each displayed chunk is writable or contended respectively).
Fuse tracks the memory mapping of the overall address space in 2KB chunks but 
will summarise the mapped pages where they are part of the same page of the 
underlying memory source (e.g. 8KB page sizes in the Spectrum 128K and 4KB 
pages in the Timex clones' DOCK and EXROM banks).
.PP
The next pane to the right has a disassembly, which by default starts 
at the current program counter, although this can be modified either by the
`disassemble' command (see below) or by dragging the scrollbar next to
it. The next pane shows the current stack, and the final pane any
`events' which are due to occur and could affect emulation. Any of
these panes can be removed by use of the
.I View
menu. Below the displays are an entry box for debugger commands, and
five buttons for controlling the debugger:
.PP
.I Evaluate
.RS
Evaluate the command currently in the entry box.
.RE
.PP
.I "Single Step"
.RS
Run precisely one Z80 opcode and then stop emulation again.
.RE
.PP
.I Continue
.RS
Restart emulation, but leave the debugger window open. Note that the
debugger window will not be updated while emulation is running.
.RE
.PP
.I Break
.RS
Stop emulation and return to the debugger.
.RE
.PP
.I Close
.RS
Close the debugger window and restart emulation.
.RE
.PP
Double-clicking on an entry in the stack pane will cause emulation to
run until the program counter reaches the value stored at that
address, while double-clicking on an entry in the `events' pane will
cause emulation to run until that time is reached.
.PP
The main power of the debugger is via the commands entered into the
entry box, which are similar in nature (but definitely not identical
to or as powerful as) to those in
.IR gdb (1).
In general, the debugger is case-insensitive, and numbers will be
interpreted as decimal, unless prefixed by either
.RI ` 0x '
or
.RI ` $ '
when they will be interpreted as hex. Each command can be abbreviated
to the portion not in curly braces.
.PP
ba{se}
.I number
.RS
Change the debugger window to displaying output in base
.IR number .
Available values are 10 (decimal) or 16 (hex).
.RE
.PP
br{eakpoint}
.RI [ address "] [if " condition ]
.RS
Set a breakpoint to stop emulation and return to the debugger whenever
an opcode is executed at
.I address
and
.I condition
evaluates true. If
.I address
is omitted, it defaults to the current value of PC.
.RE
.PP
br{eakpoint} p{ort} (re{ad}|w{rite})
.IR port " [if " condition ]
.RS
Set a breakpoint to trigger whenever IO port
.I port
is read from or written to and
.I condition
evaluates true.
.RE
.PP
br{eakpoint} (re{ad}|w{rite})
.RI [ address "] [if " condition ]
.RS
Set a breakpoint to trigger whenever memory location
.I address
is read from (other than via an opcode fetch) or written to and
.I condition
evaluates true.
.I Address
again defaults to the current value of PC if omitted.
.RE
.PP
br{eakpoint} ti{me}
.IR time " [if " condition ]
.RS
Set a breakpoint to occur
.I time
tstates after the start of the every frame, assuming
.I condition
evaluates true (if one is given).
.RE
.PP
br{eakpoint} ev{ent}
.IR area : detail " [if " condition ]
.RS
Set a breakpoint to occur when the event specified by
.IR area : detail
occurs and
.I condition
evaluates to true. The events which can be caught are:
.PP
beta128:page
.br
beta128:unpage
.RS
The Beta\ 128 interface is paged into or out of memory respectively.
.RE
.br
didaktik80:page
.br
didaktik80:unpage
.RS
The Didaktik\ 80 interface is paged into or out of memory respectively.
.RE
.br
disciple:page
.br
disciple:unpage
.RS
The DISCiPLE interface is paged into or out of memory respectively.
.RE
.br
divide:page
.br
divide:unpage
.RS
The DivIDE interface is paged into or out of memory respectively.
.RE
.br
divmmc:page
.br
divmmc:unpage
.RS
The DivIDE interface is paged into or out of memory respectively.
.RE
.br
if1:page
.br
if1:unpage
.RS
The Interface\ 1 shadow ROM is paged into or out of memory.
.RE
.br
multiface:page
.br
multiface:unpage
.RS
The Multiface One/128/3 is paged into or out of memory respectively.
.RE
.br
opus:page
.br
opus:unpage
.RS
The Opus Discovery is paged into or out of memory respectively.
.RE
.br
plusd:page
.br
plusd:unpage
.RS
The +D interface is paged into or out of memory respectively.
.RE
.br
rzx:end
.RS
An RZX recording finishes playing.
.RE
.br
speccyboot:page
.br
speccyboot:unpage
.RS
The SpeccyBoot interface is paged into or out of memory.
.RE
.br
spectranet:page
.br
spectranet:unpage
.RS
The Spectranet interface is paged into or out of memory.
.RE
.br
tape:play
.br
tape:stop
.RS
The emulated tape starts or stops playing.
.RE
.br
zxatasp:page
.br
zxatasp:unpage
.RS
The ZXATASP interface is paged into or out of memory.
.RE
.br
zxcf:page
.br
zxcf:unpage
.RS
The ZXCF interface is paged into or out of memory.
.RE
.PP
In all cases, the event can be specified as
.IR area :*
to catch all events from that area.
.RE
.PP
cl{ear}
.RI [ address ]
.RS
Remove all breakpoints at
.I address
or the current value of PC if
.I address
is omitted. Port read/write breakpoints are unaffected.
.RE
.PP
com{mmands}
.I "id <newline>"
.br
.I "<debugger command> <newline>"
.br
.I "<debugger command> <newline>"
.br
.I ...
.br
end
.RS
Set things such that the specified debugger commands will be
automatically executed when breakpoint
.I id
is triggered. There is currently no user interface for entering
multi-line debugger commands, so the only way to specify this command is
on the command-line via the
.B \-\-debugger\-command
option.
.RE
.PP
cond{ition}
.IR "id " [ condition ]
.RS
Set breakpoint
.I id
to trigger only when
.I condition
is true, or unconditionally if
.I condition
is omitted.
.RE
.PP
co{ntinue}
.RS
Equivalent to the
.I Continue
button.
.RE
.PP
del{ete}
.RI [ id ]
.RS
Remove breakpoint
.IR id ,
or all breakpoints if
.I id
is omitted.
.RE
.PP
di{sassemble}
.I address
.RS
Set the centre panel disassembly to begin at
.IR address .
.RE
.PP
ex{it}
.RI [ expression ]
.RS
Exit the emulator immediately, using the exit code resulting from the
evaluation of
.IR expression ,
or 0 if
.I expression
is omitted.
.RE
.PP
fi{nish}
.RS
Exit from the current CALL or equivalent. This isn't infallible: it
works by setting a temporary breakpoint at the current contents of the
stack pointer, so will not function correctly if the code returns to
some other point or plays with its stack in other ways. Also, setting
this breakpoint doesn't disable other breakpoints, which may trigger
before this one. In that case, the temporary breakpoint remains, and
the `continue' command can be used to return to it.
.RE
.PP
i{gnore}
.I "id count"
.RS
Do not trigger the next
.I count
times that breakpoint
.I id
would have triggered.
.RE
.PP
n{ext}
.RS
Step to the opcode following the current one. As with the `finish'
command, this works by setting a temporary breakpoint at the next
opcode, so is not infallible.
.RE
.PP
o{ut}
.I "port value"
.RS
Write
.I value
to IO port
.IR port .
.RE
.PP
pr{int}
.I expression
.RS
Print the value of
.I expression
to standard output.
.RE
.PP
se{t}
.I "address value"
.RS
Poke
.I value
into memory at
.IR address .
.RE
.PP
se{t}
.RI $ variable
.I value
.RS
Set the value of the debugger variable
.I variable
to
.IR value .
.RE
.PP
se{t}
.IR area : detail
.I value
.RS
Set the value of the system variable
.IR area : detail
to
.IR value .
The available system variables are listed below.
.RE
.PP
s{tep}
.RS
Equivalent to the
.I "Single Step"
button.
.RE
.PP
t{breakpoint}
.RI [ options ]
.RS
This is the same as the `breakpoint' command in its various forms,
except that the breakpoint is temporary: it will trigger once and
once only, and then be removed.
.RE
.PP
Addresses can be specified in one of two forms: either an absolute
addresses, specified by an integer in the range 0x0000 to 0xFFFF or as
a
.RI ` source : page : offset '
combination, which refers to a location
.I offset
bytes into memory bank
.IR page ,
independent of where that bank is currently paged into memory. RAM
and ROM pages are indicated, respectively, by
.RI ` RAM '
and
.RI ` ROM '
sources (e.g. offset 0x1234 in ROM\ 1 is specified as
.RI ` ROM:1:0x1234 "')."
Other available sources are:
.RI ` Betadisk "',"
.RI ` "Didaktik 80 RAM" "',"
.RI ` "Didaktik 80 ROM" "',"
.RI ` "DISCiPLE RAM" "',"
.RI ` "DISCiPLE ROM" "',"
.RI ` "DivIDE EPROM" "',"
.RI ` "DivIDE RAM" "',"
.RI ` "DivMMC EPROM" "',"
.RI ` "DivMMC RAM" "',"
.RI ` If1 "',"
.RI ` If2 "',"
.RI ` "Multiface RAM" "',"
.RI ` "Multiface ROM" "',"
.RI ` "Opus RAM" "',"
.RI ` "Opus ROM" "',"
.RI ` "PlusD RAM" "',"
.RI ` "PlusD ROM" "',"
.RI ` SpeccyBoot "',"
.RI ` Spectranet "',"
.RI ` "Timex Dock" "',"
.RI ` "Timex EXROM" "',"
.RI ` uSource "',"
.RI ` ZXATASP '
and
.RI ` ZXCF "'."
Please, note that spaces in memory sources should be escaped, e.g.,
`break Didaktik\\\ 80\\\ ROM:0:0x1234'.
The 48K machines are treated as having a permanent
mapping of page\ 5 at 0x4000, page\ 2 at 0x8000 and page\ 0 at 0xC000;
the 16K\ Spectrum is treated as having page\ 5 at 0x4000 and no page at
0x8000 and 0xC000.
.PP
Anywhere the debugger is expecting a numeric value, except where it
expects a breakpoint id, you can instead use a numeric expression,
which uses a restricted version of C's syntax; exactly the same syntax
is used for conditional breakpoints, with `0' being false and any
other value being true. In numeric expressions, you can use integer
constants (all calculations are done in integers), system variables,
debugger variables, parentheses, the standard four numeric operations
(`+', `\-', `*' and `/'), the (non-)equality operators `==' and `!=',
the comparison operators `>', `<', `>=' and `<=', bitwise and (`&'), or
(`|') and exclusive or (`^') and logical and (`&&') and or (`||').
Square brackets (`[' and `]') can be used to dereference a value; for
example `[0x4000]' will give the value of the first byte of the screen.
.PP
System variables are specified via an
.RI ` area : detail '
syntax. The available system variables are:
.PP
ay:current
.RS
The current AY-3-8912 register.
.RE
divmmc:control
.RS
The last byte written to DivMMC control port.
.RE
spectrum:frames
.RS
The frame count since reset. Note that this variable can only be read, not
written to.
.RE
tape:microphone
.RS
The current level of the tape input connected to the `EAR' port. Note that
this variable can only be read, not written to.
.RE
ula:last
.RS
The last byte written to the ULA. Note that this variable can only
be read, not written to.
.RE
ula:mem1ffd
.RS
The last byte written to memory control port used by the ZX Spectrum +2A/3;
normally addressed at 0x1ffd, hence the name.
.RE
ula:mem7ffd
.RS
The last byte written to primary memory control port used by the ZX Spectrum
128 and later; normally addressed at 0x7ffd, hence the name.
.RE
ula:tstates
.RS
The number of tstates since the last interrupt.
.RE
z80:
.I register name
.RS
The value of the specified register. Both 8-bit registers and 16-bit
register pairs are supported. The MEMPTR / WZ hidden register is also
supported. The (presumable) Q hidden register is also supported.
.RE
z80:im
.RS
The current interrupt mode of the Z80.
.RE
z80:iff1
.br
z80:iff2
.RS
1 if the specified interrupt flip-flop is currently set, or 0 if it is
not set.
.RE
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH THE POKE FINDER
.PP
The `poke finder' is a tool which is designed to make the task of
finding (infinite lives etc.) pokes for games a bit easier: it is
similar to the `Lifeguard' utility which was available for use with the
Multiface. It works by maintaining a list of locations in which the
current number of lives (etc.) may be stored, and having the ability to
remove from that list any locations which don't contain a specified value.
.PP
The poke finder dialog contains an entry box for specifying the value
to be searched for, a count of the current number of possible
locations and, if there are less than 20 possible locations, a list of
the possible locations (in `page:offset' format). The five buttons
act as follows:
.PP
.I Incremented
.RS
Remove from the list of possible locations all addresses which have
not been incremented since the last search.
.RE
.PP
.I Decremented
.RS
Remove from the list of possible locations all addresses which have
not been decremented since the last search.
.RE
.PP
.I Search
.RS
Remove from the list of possible locations all addresses which do not
contain the value specified in the `Search for' field.
.RE
.PP
.I Reset
.RS
Reset the poke finder so that all locations are considered possible.
.RE
.PP
.I Close
.RS
Close the dialog. Note that this does not reset the current state of
the poke finder.
.RE
.PP
Double-clicking on an entry in the list of possible locations will
cause a breakpoint to be set to trigger whenever that location is
written to.
.PP
An example of how to use this may make things a bit clearer. We'll use
the 128K version of Gryzor. Load the game, define keys to suit and
start playing. Immediately pause the game and bring up the poke finder
dialog. We note that we currently have 6\ lives, so enter `6' into the
`Search for' field and click `Search'. This reduces the number of
possible locations to around 931 (you may get a slightly different
number depending on exactly when you paused the game). Play along a
bit and then (deliberately) lose a life. Pause the game again. As we
now have 5\ lives, replace the `6' in the `Search for' field with a `5'
and click `Search' again. This then reduces the list of possible
locations to just one: page\ 2, offset 0x00BC. This is the only
location in memory which stored `6' when we had 6\ lives and `5' when
we had 5\ lives, so its pretty likely that this is where the lives
count is stored. Double-clicking on the `2:0x00BC' entry in the dialog
will set the appropriate breakpoint (you may wish to open the debugger
at this point to confirm this). Play along a bit more. When you next
lose a life, emulation is stopped with PC at 0x91CD. Scrolling up a
few addresses in the debugger's disassembly pane shows a value was
loaded from 0x80BC (our hypothetical lives counter), decremented and
then stored again to 0x80BC, which looks very much like the code to
reduce the number of lives. We can now use the debugger to replace the
decrement with a NOP (`set 0x91c9 0'), and playing the game some more
after this reveals that this has worked and we now have infinite
lives.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH THE POKE MEMORY
.PP
Fuse supports multiface POKEs, allowing to modify specific memory addresses
in order to cheat (infinite lives, infinite ammo, etc.).
.PP
The `poke memory' dialog contains a list of recently loaded POKEs and some
entry boxes for adding custom POKEs:
.PP
.I Bank
.RS
Sets the 128K memory bank (values `0' to `7') or the current memory mapping
(value `8' or blank).
.RE
.PP
.I Address
.RS
Memory address to modify. Values in range 16384 to 65535 for 48K memory mode
or 0 to 65535 for 128K memory banks. GTK UI also accepts hex addresses.
.RE
.PP
.I Value
.RS
New value for the former address, in range 0 to 255. Value 256 means \(lqPrompt
to the user later\(rq.
.RE
.PP
It is possible to load POKEs from an external file using the
.I "File, Open..."
menu option or the drag-and-drop functionality in the GTK and Win32 UIs.
After loading a snapshot or tape, Fuse will try to automatically locate a
POK file with the same file name. This means that if we open `GAME.TAP',
then Fuse will try to open `GAME.POK' and `POKES/GAME.POK'. See
.IR "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/POKformat.txt"
for more details about this file format.
.PP
POKEs loaded in the list can be activated or deactivated as the user wants
and will remain in memory until a machine reset.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH THE .DSK FORMAT
.PP
In general, disk images for the +3\ Spectrum are thought of as being in
DSK format. However, this is actually a slight oversimplification;
there are in fact
.I two
similar, but not identical, DSK formats. (The difference can be seen
by doing
.RB ` "head \-1"
.IR dskfile ':
one format will start `MV \- CPCEMU' and the other will start
`EXTENDED').
.PP
Fuse supports both the `CPCEMU' and `EXTENDED' formats.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH BETA\ 128 EMULATION
.PP
Fuse supports Betadisk emulation in its Pentagon and Scorpion
emulation, and also under 48K, TC2048, 128K and +2 (but not +2A)
emulation if the
.I "Beta\ 128 interface"
option from the
.I "Options, Peripherals, Disk..."
dialog is enabled. When that option is used in 48K or TC2048 emulation the
.I "Beta\ 128 auto-boot in 48K machines"
option additionally controls whether the machine boots directly into the TR-DOS
system. See the
.B "DISK FILE FORMATS"
section for more details on supported disk file formats.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH OPUS DISCOVERY EMULATION
.PP
By default, Fuse emulates the Opus Discovery interface with the optional 2k RAM
expansion and a second 40\ track single sided disk drive.
See the
.B "DISK FILE FORMATS"
section for more details on supported disk file formats. The Opus
Discovery's printer port is also emulated for output only. (See the
.B "PRINTER EMULATION"
section for more details.) The Opus Discovery may only be
used with 16K, 48K, 128K, TC2048 and +2 (not +2A) emulation.  To access disks,
use the same syntax as Interface\ 1 and Microdrives.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH +D EMULATION
.PP
Fuse supports emulating the +D disk and printer interface. See the
.B "DISK FILE FORMATS"
section for more details on supported disk file formats. The +D's
printer port is emulated. (See the
.B "PRINTER EMULATION"
section for more details.) The +D may only be
used with 48K, 128K and +2 (not +2A) emulation.  To access disks, you will first
need to load G+DOS, by inserting a disk containing the DOS file (+SYS) and
entering \(lqRUN\(rq.  Once DOS is loaded, you can load to/from +D disks
by prefixing filenames with
.RI `d n '
where
.RI ` n '
is the number of the drive in use.  For example,
.RI ` "LOAD d1\(dqmyfile\(dq" '
would load the file named `myfile' from the emulated drive\ 1.
Microdrive syntax may also be used.
.PP
To save a snapshot, choose the
.I "Machine, NMI"
menu option, and then
press `4' to save a 48K snapshot, or `5' to save a 128K snapshot.
When saving a 128K snapshot, you must then press Y or N to indicate
whether the screen changed while saving the snapshot, to finish
saving.  You can also choose `3' to save a screenshot to disk.
Holding Caps Shift together with any of these options will cause
the +D to save to the `other' drive to the one used last.
.PP
Options `1' and `2' allow screenshots to be printed (in monochrome,
in normal and large formats respectively) if printer emulation is
enabled.  For saving and loading of snapshots, and saving of
screenshots to disk, G+DOS must be loaded first, but printing of
screenshots can be performed without loading G+DOS.
.PP
Finally, `X' will return from the NMI menu.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH DIDAKTIK 80 EMULATION
.PP
Fuse supports Didaktik 80 (and Didaktik 40) emulation.  It emulates
the original version of the Didaktik\ 80, running MDOS\ 1 and with a
WD2797 floppy controller.  See the
.B "DISK FILE FORMATS"
section for more details on supported disk file formats.
The Didaktik\ 80 may only be used with 16K, 48K and TC2048 emulation.
To press the Didaktik\ 80's `SNAP' button, choose the
.I "Machine, Didaktik SNAP"
menu option.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH DISCIPLE EMULATION
.PP
Fuse supports emulating the DISCiPLE disk and printer interface, although
it does not currently support emulation of the Sinclair Network, or
support emulation of a DISCiPLE attached to a 128K machine. See the
.B "DISK FILE FORMATS"
section for more details on supported disk file formats, which are the
same as for +D emulation as described above. The DISCiPLE's
printer port is emulated. (See the
.B "PRINTER EMULATION"
section for more details.) The DISCiPLE may only be
used with 48K emulation at present.  To access disks, you will first
need to load GDOS, by inserting a disk containing the DOS file (SYS) and
entering \(lqRUN\(rq.  Once DOS is loaded, you can load to/from DISCiPLE disks
by prefixing filenames with
.RI `d n '
where
.RI ` n '
is the number of the drive in use.  For example,
.RI ` "LOAD d1\(dqmyfile\(dq" '
would load the file named `myfile' from the emulated drive\ 1.
Microdrive syntax may also be used.
.PP
Snapshots can be saved in a similar manner to that of the +D as described
above, but note that GDOS on the DISCiPLE contains a bug which causes
corruption as soon as the NMI button is pressed, affecting saving of
snapshots, and also loading of snapshots that were originally saved with
a +D or SAM Coup\('e.  This will cause corruption even when a screenshot
is printed, or if the menu is never even entered in the first place (due
to Caps Shift not being pressed down, as is required for the DISCiPLE),
provided that GDOS is loaded.  This bug is not present in G+DOS on the +D.
(Note: this was caused by saving/restoring the AF register twice in the
NMI handler, where both AF and the AF\(aq shadow register should have
been saved/restored.)
.PP
The NMI button works slightly differently on the DISCiPLE than on the +D.
Caps Shift must be held down whilst pressing the NMI button, and there
is no `X' option to exit the menu.  Also, printing of screenshots requires
GDOS to be loaded.  Depending on the UI that you're using, holding down
Caps Shift whilst choosing the
.I "Machine, NMI"
menu option may be slightly tricky, or even impossible.  For the GTK UI,
ensure that the Shift key is held before entering on the
.I Machine
menu.  For the widget UI, it does not seem possible to perform this
action.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH DISK FILE FORMATS
.PP
Fuse supports several disk image formats in its +D, Didaktik, DISCiPLE and
Beta\ 128 emulation.
.PP
For reading:
.PP
.I .UDI
.RS
Ultra Disk Image; for specification please see
.I http://faqwiki.zxnet.co.uk/wiki/UDI_format
or
.I http://zxmak.chat.ru/docs.htm
.PP
This is the only image format which can store all the relevant information
of the recorded data on a magnetic disk, so it can be used for any
.I "non standard"
disk format. Fuse can read all extended track types too (mixed FM/MFM, or
tracks with `WEAK' data or even compressed tracks too).
.RE
.PP
.I .FDI
.RS
UKV Spectrum Debugger disk image format.
.RE
.PP
.I .MGT
.I .IMG
.RS
DISCiPLE/+D file formats.
.RE
.PP
.I .SAD
.RS
For compatibility with SAM Coup\('e disk images using these formats.
Note that SAM Coup\('e `.DSK' images share the same format as `.MGT'.
.RE
.PP
.I .D80
.I .D40
.RS
Didaktik 80 and Didaktik 40 file formats.
.RE
.PP
.I .TRD
.RS
TR-DOS disk image. TRD and SCL sectors are loaded interleaved, therefore
you might experience problems with TR\-DOS ROMs that use the turbo
format (sequential sectors); for detailed information please see
.I http://web.archive.org/web/20070808150548/http://www.ramsoft.bbk.org/tech/tr\-info.zip
.RE
.PP
.I .SCL
.RS
A simple archive format for TR-DOS disk files. For specification please see
.I http://www.zx-modules.de/fileformats/sclformat.html
.RE
.PP
.I .TD0
.RS
Teledisk image format; Fuse supports only files which do not use the
\(lqAdvanced Compression\(rq option. Detailed description found in
.I http://www.classiccmp.org/dunfield/img54306/td0notes.txt
and
.I https://web.archive.org/web/20130116072335/http://www.fpns.net/willy/wteledsk.htm
.RE
.PP
.I .DSK
.RS
CPC disk image format; Fuse supports the plain old and the new
extended CPC format too. Further information please see the
.B "THE .DSK FORMAT"
section and the CPCEMU manual section 7.7.1
.I http://www.cpc\-emu.org/linux/cpcemu_e.txt
or the
.I http://www.cpctech.org.uk/docs/extdsk.html
.RE
.PP
.I .OPD
.I .OPU
.RS
Opus Discovery file formats.
.RE
.PP
Fuse supports most of the above formats for writing:
.I ".UDI .FDI .MGT .IMG .SAD .D80 .D40 .TRD .SCL .OPD .OPU .DSK"
(only the old CPC format).
.PP
You can save disk images with any output
format, just select the appropriate extension. (e.g.
.RI ` elite3.udi '
to save as an UDI file). If the appropriate libraries were available
when
.IR libspectrum (3)
was compiled, than Fuse will try to create UDI images with compressed
tracks to save disk space.
There is a
.I .LOG
`image' format for debugging purpose. This is a plain text file that
contains three dumps of the loaded disk image at different details.
Not all image formats can store all disk images.
You cannot save a disk image with an inappropriate format
that loses some information (e.g. variable track length or
sector length).
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH WEAK DISK DATA
.PP
Some copy protections have what is described as `weak/random' data.
Each time the sector is read one or more bytes will change,
the value may be random between consecutive reads of the same sector.
Two disk image formats (Extended DSK and UDI) can store this type
of data.
Fuse can read and use weak sector data from EDSK and UDI files when
present, and can save back weak sector data to UDI image format.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH MOVIE RECORDING
.PP
Fuse can save movies with sound in a specific file format (FMF).
This recording is very fast, and has a moderate size, but you need to use
the
.IR fmfconv (1)
program in 
.IR fuse\-utils (1)
to convert into regular video and/or audio
files.
The
.B \-\-movie\-compr
option allows you to set the compression level to None, Lossless or High. If
.IR zlib (3)
is not available, only None is valid. The default when Zlib is available
is Lossless.
Recording a movie may slow down emulation, if you experience performance
problems, you can try to set compression to None.
.PP
Fuse records every displayed frame, so by default the recorded file has about
50 video frame per second. A standard video has about 24\(en30/s framerate, so
if you set
.I "Options/General/Frame rate 1:n"
or the equivalent
.B \-\-rate
command line option to 2 than recording frame rate reduces about 25/s. The
exact frame rate depends on the Z80 clock frequency which varies depending on
the specific emulated machine.
.PP
Note: You can see all of the \(lqgfx\(rq effects only if the Fuse frame rate
option is set to 1, but in most cases you can safely use 2. Also, movie
recording stops if the emulated machine is changed.
.PP
The recorded sound sampling rate and the channel number is equal with the
Fuse generated sound sampling rate (44100\ Hz by default) and channel
number (mono by default). The common sampling frequencies in
standard video files are 44100\ Hz and 48000\ Hz. If you use
.B \-\-sound\-freq
command line option you can change the frequency.
.PP
You can record stereo sound if you use
.I "AY stereo separation"
or the equivalent
.B \-\-separation
command line switch.
.PP
You can use
.IR fmfconv (1)
to convert recorded movie file into a standard video file.
.PP
.B Examples
.PP
.B "fuse \-\-movie\-start output.fmf \-\-rate 2 \-\-sound\-freq 44100"
.B "\-\-separation ACB"
.PP
start video recording about 25/s video frame rate and 44100\ Hz sampling
frequency stereo sound default compression level.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH COMPRESSED FILES
.PP
Assuming the appropriate libraries were available when
.IR libspectrum (3)
was compiled, snapshots, tape images, dock cartridges and input
recording files (RZX) can be read from files compressed with
.IR bzip2 "(3),"
.IR gzip (3)
or
.IR zip (3)
just as if they were uncompressed. In the zip case, only the first
supported file found inside the archive is loaded.
There is currently no support for reading compressed +3, DISCiPLE/+D
or Beta disk images.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH BUGS
Selecting a startup filter doesn't work properly with user interfaces
other than SDL, Win32 and GTK.
.PP
Changing virtual consoles when using SVGAlib for joystick support
causes Fuse to exit. If this is a problem, compile Fuse with the
.RB ` \-\-disable\-ui\-joystick '
option.
.PP
The poke finder can't search outside `normal' RAM.
.PP
The libao file output devices not work properly with the GTK UI.
No error reporting, but the created file does not contain any sound data.
If you use a `weak' machine alsa09 makes a lot of clicks and pops and
will output
.RI ` "ALSA: underrun, at least 0ms." '
error messages.
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH FILES
.I "~/.fuserc"
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.SH SEE ALSO
.IR bzip2 "(3),"
.IR fmfconv "(1),"
.IR fuse\-utils "(1),"
.IR gzip "(3),"
.IR libspectrum "(3),"
.IR ogg123 "(1),"
.IR xspect "(1),"
.IR xzx "(1),"
.IR zip "(3)."
.PP
The comp.sys.sinclair Spectrum FAQ, at
.br
.IR "http://www.worldofspectrum.org/faq/index.html" .
.\"
.\"------------------------------------------------------------------
.\"
.\" `AUTHOR' here is deliberate; avoiding the plural IMHO makes it
.\" clear that Phil is the main author.
.\"
.SH AUTHOR
Philip Kendall (philip\-fuse@shadowmagic.org.uk).
.PP
Matan Ziv-Av wrote the SVGAlib and framebuffer UIs, the glib
replacement code, and did some work on the OSS-specific sound code and
the original widget UI code.
.PP
Russell Marks wrote the sound emulation and OSS-specific sound code,
the joystick emulation, some of the printer code, and the original
version of this man page.
.PP
John Elliott's lib765 and libdsk libraries were used for the original
+3 disk and disk image support.
.PP
Ian Collier wrote the ZX\ Printer emulation (for xz80).
.PP
Darren Salt wrote the original versions of the code for +3 emulation,
SLT support, MITSHM support (for the Xlib UI), TZX raw data blocks,
RZX embedded snapshots and compression, the Kempston mouse emulation
and made many improvements to the widget code.
.PP
Alexander Yurchenko wrote the OpenBSD/Solaris-specific sound code.
.PP
Fredrick Meunier wrote the TC2048, TS2068, Pentagon and Spectrum SE
support, the CoreAudio sound code, as well as maintaining the OS X
port and importing the graphics filter code.
.PP
Ludvig Strigeus and The ScummVM project wrote the original graphics
filter code.
.PP
Dmitry Sanarin wrote the original Beta disk interface emulation
(for Glukalka).
.PP
Witold Filipczyk wrote the TC2068 support.
.PP
Matthew Westcott wrote the AY logging code and the DivIDE emulation.
.PP
Marek Januszewski wrote various bits of code to make Fuse work under
Win32, including the DirectDraw user interface.
.PP
Sergio Baldov\('i made many improvements to the Win32 UI.
.PP
Stuart Brady wrote the DISCiPLE and +D emulation, Scorpion emulation
and the HP-UX sound code.
.PP
Garry Lancaster wrote the 8-bit IDE, ZXATASP and ZXCF interface
emulations.
.PP
Gergely Szasz wrote the Interface\ 1, Microdrive emulation and
Didaktik\ 80 emulation, the PAL TV scalers, the TV\ 3x scaler,
the movie logging code, the ALSA and libao sound code, the
\(mcPD765 disk controller used in the +3 and made many
improvements to the widget code.
.PP
Michael D Wynne wrote the original Opus disk interface emulation
(for EightyOne).
.PP
Patrik Persson wrote the SpeccyBoot emulation.