= FvwmButtons(1)

:doctype: manpage
:mantitle: FvwmButtons
:manname: FvwmButtons
:manmanual: Fvwm Modules
:manvolnum: 1
:page-layout: base

== NAME

FvwmButtons - the fvwm buttonbox module

== SYNOPSIS

....
Module FvwmButtons [-g geometry] [-transient | -transientpanel] [name[configfile]]
....

_FvwmButtons_ can only be invoked by fvwm. Command line invocation of
the _FvwmButtons_ module will not work.

== DESCRIPTION

The FvwmButtons module provides a window of buttons which sits on the X
terminal's root window. The user can press the buttons at any time, and
trigger invocation of a user-specified command by the window manager.
FvwmButtons only works when fvwm is used as the window manager.

The buttonbox can be of any configuration or geometry, and can have
monochrome or color icons to represent the actions which would be
invoked. Even other applications can be 'swallowed' by the button bar.

Panels that are opened on a button press are available too. See
_CREATING PANELS_ section for details.

== OPTIONS

The _-g_ option specifies the geometry of the main window. The command
line option takes precedence over any other geometry settings in the
configuration file.

The _-transient_ option tells FvwmButtons to terminate itself after the
first key or button press has been received (presses to open a sub panel
do not count) or a sub panel has been closed or respawned. This is
especially useful for sub panels where you want to select a single
button and have it closed automatically. It could be used to create
two-dimensional graphical menus. Since _-transient_ is an option, not a
configuration setting you can use the same configuration for transient
and non transient button bars.

The _-transientpanel_ option does roughly the same as the _-transient_
option, but instead of closing the whole button bar, the window is
merely hidden. This is very useful if the button bar is started as a
subpanel of another button bar because it avoids that it must be started
again when something is selected.

== INVOCATION

FvwmButtons is spawned by fvwm, so command line invocation will not
work.

FvwmButtons can be invoked by inserting the line 'Module FvwmButtons
OptionalName' in the .fvwm2rc file. This should be placed in the
StartFunction if FvwmButtons is to be spawned during fvwm's
initialization. This can be bound to a menu or mouse button or keystroke
to invoke it later.

When invoked with the _OptionalName_ argument, the _OptionalName_ is
used to find configuration commands. For example:

....
AddToFunc StartFunction Module FvwmButtons MyButtonBox
....

FvwmButtons will then use only the lines starting with "*MyButtonBox",
instead of the default "*FvwmButtons".

== CONFIGURATION OPTIONS

The following commands are understood by FvwmButtons:

*FvwmButtons: Back color::
  Specifies the background color for the buttons. The relief and shadow
  color are calculated from the background color.

*FvwmButtons: BoxSize algorithm::
  This option specifies how serious FvwmButtons takes the Rows and
  Columns options (see below). It can be one of _dumb_, _fixed_ or
  _smart_.
+

If _fixed_ is used and both Rows and Columns are specified and non-zero,
FvwmButtons uses exactly the number of rows and columns specified. If
the box is too small to accommodate all buttons the module will fail.
+

If _smart_ is used FvwmButtons enlarges the box so all buttons have a
chance to fit. The number of columns is increased to at least the width
of the widest button and new rows are added until all buttons are
placed. For the best tolerance of configuration errors use the smart
option.

+

_dumb_ is neither _fixed_ nor _smart._ This is the default.

*FvwmButtons: Colorset colorset::
  Tells the module to use colorset _colorset_ for the window background.
  Refer to the fvwm man page for details about colorsets.

*FvwmButtons: ActiveColorset colorset::
  Tells the module to use colorset _colorset_ for the background
  color/image and/or title color of a button when the mouse is hovering
  above a button.

*FvwmButtons: PressColorset colorset::
  Tells the module to use colorset _colorset_ for the background
  color/image and/or title color of a button when it is pressed.

*FvwmButtons: Columns columns::
  Specifies the number of columns of buttons to be created. If
  unspecified, the number of columns is set to the number of buttons
  requested, divided by the number of rows. If both the rows and columns
  are specified, but the number of buttons is more than the rows and
  columns allow for, the columns specification is ignored unless the
  _BoxSize_ option is _fixed_.

*FvwmButtons: File filename::
  Specifies that the configuration for this button is found in the file
  _filename_. _Filename_ can be a full pathname, or is assumed to be in
  fvwm's startup directory. The configuration file is in the same format
  as fvwm's configuration file, but each line is read as if prefixed by
  "*FvwmButtons". Comments are given by starting a line with "#". Line
  continuation is done by ending a line with a "\".

*FvwmButtons: Font font::
  Specifies the font to be used for labeling the buttons, or _None_.

*FvwmButtons: Fore color::
  Specifies the color used for button label text and monochrome icons.

*FvwmButtons: Frame width::
  Specifies the width of the relief around each button. If this is a
  negative number, the relief is inverted. This makes the button sunken
  normally and raised when activated.

*FvwmButtons: Geometry geometry::
  Specifies the FvwmButtons window location and size. The geometry is a
  standard X11 window geometry specification.

*FvwmButtons: ButtonGeometry geometry::
  This option works like the _Geometry_ option except that the size is
  the size of a single button. The size of the whole FvwmButtons window
  is calculated by multiplying the button dimension by the number of
  rows and columns.

*FvwmButtons: Padding width height::
  This option specifies the default horizontal padding to be _width_
  pixels, and the vertical padding to be _height_ pixels. The amount of
  free space between the relief of the button and its contents is
  normally 2 pixels on the sides and 4 pixels above and below, except
  for swallowed windows and containers, which are not padded at all,
  unless this option is used.

*FvwmButtons: Pixmap pixmapfile::
  Specifies a background pixmap to use. Specify "none" (without the
  double quotes) for a transparent background.

*FvwmButtons: Rows rows::
  Specifies the number of rows of buttons to be created. The default is
  2 rows.

*FvwmButtons: WindowName name::
  If FvwmButtons has a titlebar enabled with Title style, (for example,
  some transient subpanel), this option can set it's Window name and
  Icon name to a string provided with this parameter. If omitted,
  default for Window and Icon name is the window resource name which
  itself is simply "FvwmButtons", or is derived from the alias by which
  FvwmButtons configuration is referenced. This enables setting a title
  with spaces and larger number of non-ASCII characters which is not
  allowed as an alias for FvwmButtons module instance otherwise.

*FvwmButtons: (options) [title icon command]::
  Specifies the contents of a button in the buttonbox. The following
  _options_, separated by commas or whitespace, can be given a button:

+

_geometry_:::
    Specifies the size and position of the button within the FvwmButtons
    window or container. The geometry is a standard X11 window geometry
    specification. The button is _width_ times the normal button width
    and _height_ times the normal button height. If values for _x_ and
    _y_ are given, the button is placed x (y) button units from the left
    (top) of the container if x (y) is positive and x (y) units from the
    right (bottom) if x (y) is negative. Buttons with position arguments
    (x and y) are placed before those without them. If two or more
    buttons are forced to overlap by this, FvwmButtons exits with an
    error message.
+
Action [(_options_)] _command_:::
    Specifies an fvwm command to be executed when the button is
    activated by pressing return or a mouse button. The _command_ needs
    to be quoted if it contains a comma or a closing parenthesis.
+

The current options of the _Action_ are: Mouse _n_ - this action is
only executed for mouse button _n_. One action can be defined for each
mouse button, in addition to the general action.
+
In the _command_ part, you can use a number of predefined variables:
_$left_, _$right_, _$top_ and _$bottom_ are substituted by the left,
right, top and bottom coordinates of the button pressed. _$-left_,
_$-right_, _$-top_ and _$-bottom_ are substituted likewise, but the
coordinates are calculated from the bottom or the right edge of the
screen instead (for a button that is 5 pixels away from the right
screen border, $-right will be 5). _$width_ and _$height_ are replaced
by the width or height of the button. The variables _$fg_ and _$bg_
are replaced with the name of the foreground or background color set
with the _Back_ or _Fore_ option (see below). All this is done
regardless of any quoting characters. To get a literal '$' use the
string '$$'.
+
Example:
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (Title xload, Action (Mouse 1) \
    `Exec exec xload -fg $fg -bg $bg -geometry -3000-3000`)
....
+
Note: With fvwm versions prior to 2.5.0, actions could not be assigned
to a button that swallowed an application window (see _Swallow_
option). Such actions worked only when the border around the button
was clicked. This is now possible, but to get back the old behavior,
the _ActionIgnoresClientWindow_ can be used on the button:
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (Action beep, ActionIgnoresClientWindow, \
     Swallow xeyes "Exec exec xeyes")
....
+
In this example, the action is only executed when you click on the
border of the button or the transparent part of the xeyes window, but
not on the xeyes window itself.
+
ActionIgnoresClientWindow:::
    See the note in the description of _Action_ above.

ActionOnPress:::
    Usually the action is executed on the button release except for the
    *Popup* action. This option changes this behavior, the action is
    executed on the button press. This may be good, for example, with
    *Menu* or *SendToModule* that generates popups, or when *Frame* is 0
    and the button would look unresponsive otherwise.

Back color:::
    Specifies the background color to be used drawing this box. A relief
    color and a shadow color are calculated from this.
Center:::
    The contents of the button is centered on the button. This is the
    default but may be changed by _Left_ or _Right_.
Top:::
    The contents of the button is vertically aligned at the top of the
    button. The default is to vertically center it.
Colorset colorset:::
    The given colorset can be applied to a container, a swallowed
    application and a simple button. To apply it to a button or
    container, simply put the option in a line with a button or
    container description. Drawing backgrounds for individual buttons
    and containers with colorsets requires a lot of communication with
    the X server. So if you are not content with the drawing speed of
    dozens of buttons with colorset backgrounds, do not use colorsets
    here. Setting colorsets as the background of swallowed applications
    does not have this restriction but depends entirely on the swallowed
    application. It may work as you wish, but since it involves fiddling
    with other applications' windows there is no guarantee for anything.
    I have tested three applications: xosview works nicely with a
    colorset background, xload works only with a VGradient or solid
    background and an analog xclock leaves a trail painted in the
    background color after its hands.
+
If the swallowed window is an fvwm module (see the (No)FvwmModule
option to Swallow), then the _colorset_ is not applied to the
swallowed module. You should use the _colorset_ in the module
configuration. If the swallowed module has a transparent colorset
background, then the FvwmButtons background (and not the button
colorset) is seen by transparency of the background of the swallowed
module. Refer to the fvwm man page for details about colorsets.

ActiveColorset colorset:::
    Use colorset _colorset_ for the background color/image and/or title
    color of the button when the mouse is hovering above it.

PressColorset colorset:::
    Use colorset _colorset_ for the background color/image and/or title
    color of the button when it is pressed.

Container [(options)]:::
    Specifies that this button will contain a miniature buttonbox,
    equivalent to swallowing another FvwmButtons module. The options are
    the same as can be given for a single button, but they affect all
    the contained buttons. Options available for this use are _Back,
    Font, Fore, Frame_ and _Padding_. Flags for Title and Swallow
    options can be set with _Title(flags)_ and _Swallow(flags)_. You
    should also specify either "Columns _width_" or "Rows _height_", or
    "Rows 2" will be assumed. For an example, see the _Sample
    configuration_ section.
+
The container button itself (separate from the contents) can take
format options like _Frame_ and _Padding_, and commands can be bound
to it. This means you can make a sensitive relief around a container,
like
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (2x2, Frame 5, Padding 2 2, Action Beep,\
      Container(Frame 1))
....
+
Typically you will want to at least give the container a size setting
__width__x_height_.

End:::
    Specifies that no more buttons are defined for the current
    container, and further buttons will be put in the container's
    parent. This option should be given on a line by itself, i.e
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (End)
....
+

Font fontname:::
    Specifies that the font _fontname_ is to be used for labeling this
    button.
Fore color:::
    Specifies the foregound color of the title and monochrome icons in
    this button.

Frame width:::
    The relief of the button will be _width_ pixels wide. If _width_ is
    given as a negative number, the relief is inverted. This makes the
    button sunken normally and raised when activated.

Icon filename:::
    The name of an image file, containing the icon to display on the
    button. FvwmButtons searches through the path specified in the fvwm
    ImagePath configuration item to find the icon file.

ActiveIcon filename:::
    The name of an image file, containing an alternative icon to display
    on the button when the mouse is hovering above the button. If no
    ActiveIcon is specified, the image specified by Icon is displayed
    (if there is one).
PressIcon filename:::
    The name of an image file, containing an alternative icon to display
    on the button when the button is pressed. If no PressIcon is
    specified, the image specified by Icon is displayed (if there is one).

Id id:::
    The id to be used to identify this button. The first character of
    the id should be alphabetic. See also the "DYNAMICAL ACTIONS"
    section.

Left:::
    The contents of the button are aligned to the left. The default is
    to center the contents on the button.

NoSize:::
    This option specifies that this button will not be considered at all
    when making the initial calculations of button sizes. Useful for the
    odd button that gets just a couple of pixels too large to keep in
    line, and therefore blows up your whole buttonbox. "NoSize" is
    equivalent to "Size 0 0".

Padding width height:::
    The amount of free space between the relief of the button and its
    contents is normally 2 pixels to the sides and 4 pixels above and
    below, except for swallowed windows and containers, which are by
    default not padded at all. This option sets the horizontal padding
    to _width_ and the vertical padding to _height_.

Panel [ (options) ] hangon command:::
    Panels can be swallowed exactly like windows are swallowed by
    buttons with the _Swallow_ command below, but they are not displayed
    within the button. Instead they are hidden until the user presses
    the panel's button. Then the panel (the window of the swallowed
    application) opens with a sliding animation. The _options_ can be
    any of the _flags_ described for the Swallow command. In addition a
    direction 'left', 'right', 'up' or 'down' can be used to specify the
    sliding direction.
+
The _steps animation-steps_ option defines the number of animation steps.
+
The _delay ms_ option sets the delay between the steps of the
animation in milliseconds. Use zero for no delay. The maximum delay is
10 seconds (10000). It doesn't make any sense to use the delay option
unless you also use the smooth option.
+
The _smooth_ option causes the panel to redraw between the steps of
the animation. The sliding animation may be smoother this way, it
depends on the application, and display speed. The application may
appear to grow instead of sliding out. The animation may be slower.
+
The _Hints_ option causes FvwmButtons to use the applications size
hints to calculate the size of the animation steps. _Hints_ is the
default. If the number of steps is not what you want, try using
_NoHints._
+
The _noborder_ option tells FvwmButtons to ignore the borders of the
window when calculating positions for the animation (equivalent to set
noplr and noptb in the position option).
+
With the _indicator_ option set, FvwmButtons will draw a small
triangle in the button that will open a panel. The triangle points in
the direction where the panel will pop up. The _indicator_ keyword may
be followed by a positive integer that specifies the maximum width and
height of the indicator. Without this size FvwmButtons will make the
indicator fit the button. You will probably want to use the _Padding_
option to leave a few pixels between the indicator and the frame of
the button. Second option to indicator may be given which enters the
look of the triangle. If this keyword is _in_, triangle will appear
pressed in, while _out_ will make triangle to appear depressed (3D
raised). If this keyword is omitted, default will be _out_ or
depressed.
+
The _position_ option allows one to place the panel. The syntax is:
+
....
position [context-window] [pos] [x y] [border-opts]
....
+
The argument _context-window_ can be one of: Button, Module or Root.
The _context-window_ is the window from which panel percentage offsets
are calculated. Button specifies the panel's button, Module specifies
FvwmButtons itself, and Root specifies a virtual screen. The
context-window together with the sliding direction define a line
segment which is one of the borders of the context-window: the
top/bottom/left/right border for sliding up/down/left/right.
+
The _pos_ argument can be one of: center, left or right (for sliding
up or a down) or top or bottom (for sliding left or right). It defines
the vertical (sliding up and down) or the horizontal (sliding left and
right) position of the Panel on the line segment. For example, for a
sliding up if you use a left pos, then the left borders of the panel
and of the context-window will be aligned.
+
The offset values _x_ and _y_ specify how far the panel is moved from
it's default position. By default, the numeric value given is
interpreted as a percentage of the context window's width (height). A
trailing "p" changes the interpretation to mean "pixels". All offset
calculations are relative to the buttons location, even when using a
root context.
+
The _border-opts_ are: mlr, mtb, noplr and noptb. They define which
border widths are taken in account. By default, the borders of
FvwmButtons are not taken in account. mlr reverses this default for
the left and the right border and mtb reverses this default for the
top and the bottom border. Conversely, by default the borders of the
Panel are taken in account. noplr reverses this default for the left
and the right border and noptb reverses this default for the top and
the bottom border.
+
The defaults are sliding up with a delay of five milliseconds and
twelve animation steps. To post the panel without any animation, set
the number of steps to zero. The default position is 'Button center'.
+
Please refer to the _CREATING PANELS_ section for further information
on panels.
+
Example:
+
....
  # To include the panel in a button
  *FvwmButtons: (Panel(down, delay 0, steps 16) \
    SubPanel "Module FvwmButtons SubPanel")

  # To define the panel as an instance of
  # FvwmButtons with a different name:
  *SubPanel: (Icon my_lock.xpm, Action Exec xlock)
  *SubPanel: (Icon my_move.xpm, Action Move)
  ...
....

Right:::
    The contents of the button are aligned to the right. The default is
    to center the contents on the button.

Size width height:::
    Specifies that the contents of this button require _width_ by
    _height_ pixels, regardless of what size FvwmButtons calculates from
    the icon and the title. A button bar with only swallowed windows
    will not get very large without this option specified, as
    FvwmButtons does not consider sizes for swallowing buttons. Note
    that this option gives the minimum space assured; other buttons
    might require the buttonbox to use larger sizes.

Swallow [(flags)] hangon command:::
    Causes FvwmButtons to execute _command_, and when a window with a
    name, class or resource matching _hangon_ appears, it is captured
    and swallowed into this button. The _hangon_ string may contain
    wildcard characters ('*') that match any substring. Swallow replaces
    the variables _$fg_ and _$bg_ as described above for the _Action_
    option (but if you use the UseOld and NoClose options the
    application is not be restarted when FvwmButtons is restarted and
    thus does not get the new colors - if you changed them). An example:
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (Swallow XClock 'Exec xclock -geometry -3000-3000 &')
....
+
takes the first window whose name, class, or resource is "XClock" and
displays it in the button. If no matching window is found, the "Exec"
command creates one. The argument "-geometry -3000-3000" is used so
that the window is first drawn out of sight before its swallowed into
FvwmButtons.
+
Modules can be swallowed by specifying the module instead of 'Exec
whatever', like:
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (Swallow "FvwmPager" "FvwmPager 0 0")
....
+
The flags that can be given to swallow are:
+
NoClose / Close - Specifies whether the swallowed program in this
button will be un-swallowed or closed when FvwmButtons exits cleanly.
"NoClose" can be combined with "UseOld" to have windows survive a
restart of the window manager. The default setting is "Close".
+
NoHints / Hints - Specifies whether hints from the swallowed program
in this button will be ignored or not, useful in forcing a window to
resize itself to fit its button. The default value is "Hints".
+
NoKill / Kill - Specifies whether the swallowed program will be closed
by killing it or by sending a message to it. This can be useful in
ending programs that doesn't accept window manager protocol. The
default value is "NoKill". This has no effect if "NoClose" is
specified.
+
NoRespawn / Respawn / SwallowNew - Specifies whether the swallowed
program is to be respawned (restarted) if it dies. If "Respawn" is
specified, the program is respawned using the original _command_. Use
this option with care, the program might have a legitimate reason to
die. If "SwallowNew" is given, the program is not respawned, but if a
new window with the specified name appears, it is swallowed.
+
NoOld / UseOld - Specifies whether the button will try to swallow an
existing window matching the _hangon_ name before spawning one itself
with _command_. The _hangon_ string may contain wildcard characters
('*') that match any substring.The default value is "NoOld". "UseOld"
can be combined with "NoKill" to have windows survive a restart of the
window manager. If you want FvwmButtons to swallow an old window, and
not spawn one itself if failing, let the _command_ be "Nop":
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (Swallow (UseOld) "Console" Nop)
....
+
If you want to be able to start it yourself, combine it with an action:
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (Swallow (UseOld) "Console" Nop, \
               Action `Exec "Console" console &`)
....
+
NoTitle / UseTitle - Specifies whether the title of the button will be
taken from the swallowed window's title or not. If "UseTitle" is
given, the title on the button changes dynamically to reflect the
window name. The default is "NoTitle".
+
NoFvwmModule / FvwmModule - By default, FvwmButtons treats the
swallowed window as an fvwm module window if the 4 first letters of
the _command_ is "Fvwm" or the 6 first letters of the _command_ is
"Module". NoFvwmModule and FvwmModule override this logic.
+
Title [(options)] name:::
  Specifies the title to be written on the button. Whitespace can be
  included in the title by quoting it. If a title at any time is too
  long for its buttons, characters are chopped of one at a time until
  it fits. If _justify_ is "Right", the head is removed, otherwise its
  tail is removed. These _options_ can be given to Title:
+
Center - The title is centered horizontally. This is the default.
+
Left - The title is justified to the left side.
+
Right - The title is justified to the right side.
+
Side - Causes the title to appear on the right hand side of any icon
or swallowed window, instead of below which is the default. If you use
small icons, and combine this with the "Left" or "Right" option, you
can get a look similar to fvwm's menus.
+
ActiveTitle name:::
  Specifies the title to be written on the button when the mouse is
  hovering above the button. If no ActiveTitle is specified, the text
  specified by Title is displayed (if there is any).

PressTitle name:::
  Specifies the title to be written on the button when the button is
  pressed. If no PressTitle is specified, the text specified by Title
  is displayed (if there is any).

Legacy fields [title icon command]:::
  These fields are kept for compatibility with previous versions of
  FvwmButtons, and their use is discouraged. The _title_ field is
  similar to the option Title _name_. If the title field is "-", no
  title is displayed. The _icon_ field is similar to the option Icon
  _filename_. If the icon field is "-" no icon is displayed. The
  _command_ field is similar to the option Action _command_ or
  alternatively Swallow "_hangon_" _command_.

The command:::
  Any fvwm command is recognized by FvwmButtons. See fvwm(1) for more
  information.
+
The Exec command has a small extension when used in Actions, its
syntax is:
+
....
  Exec ["hangon"] command
....
+
Example:
+
....
  *FvwmButtons: (Action Exec "xload" xload)
....
+
The hangon string must be enclosed in double quotes. When FvwmButtons
finds such an Exec command, the button remains pushed in until a
window whose name, class or resource matches the quoted portion of the
command is encountered. This is intended to provide visual feedback to
the user that the action he has requested will be performed. The
hangon string may contain wildcard characters ('*') that match any
substring. If the quoted portion contains no characters, then the
button will pop out immediately. Note that users can continue pressing
the button, and re-executing the command, even when it looks pressed
in.
+
Quoting:::
  Any string which contains whitespace must be quoted. Contrary to
  earlier versions commands no longer need to be quoted. In this case
  any quoting character will be passed on to the application
  untouched. Only commas ',' and closing parentheses ')' have to be
  quoted inside a command. Quoting can be done with any of the three
  quotation characters; single quote:
+
'This is a "quote"',
+
double quote:
+
"It's another `quote'",
+
and back quote:
+
`This is a strange quote`.
+
The back quoting is unusual but used on purpose, if you use a
preprocessor like FvwmCpp and want it to get into your commands, like
this:
+
....
  #define BG gray60
  *FvwmButtons: (Swallow "xload" `Exec xload -bg BG &`)
....
+
Any single character can be quoted with a preceding backslash '\'.

== CREATING PANELS

Former versions of FvwmButtons (fvwm 2.0.46 to 2.3.6) had a different
way of handling panels. You can not use your old panel configuration
with the new panel feature. Read "CONVERTING OLD PANEL CONFIGURATIONS"
for more information.

=== HOW TO CREATE NEW PANELS

Any program that can be launched from within fvwm and that has a window
can be used as a panel. A terminal window could be your panel, or some
application like xload or xosview or another fvwm module, including
FvwmButtons itself. All you need to know is how to start your
application from fvwm.

The button that invokes the panel is as easily configured as any other
button. Essentially you need nothing more than the _Panel_ option:

....
*FvwmButtons: (Panel my_first_panel \
  "Module FvwmButtons -g -30000-30000 my_first_panel")
*FvwmButtons: (Panel my_second_panel \
  "Exec exec xterm -g -30000-30000 -n my_second_panel")
....

This works like the _Swallow_ option. The difference is that the
application is not put into the button when it starts up but instead
hidden from view. When you press the button for the panel the window
slides into view. The '-g -30000-30000' option tells the application
that it should be created somewhere very far to the top and left of your
visible screen. Otherwise you would see it flashing for a moment when
FvwmButtons starts up. Some applications do not work well with this kind
of syntax so you may have to live with the short flashing of the window.
If you want to make a panel from another instance of FvwmButtons you can
do so, but you must give it a different name ('my_first_panel' in above
example). If you run FvwmButtons under the same name, new panels are
created recursively until your system runs out of resources and
FvwmButtons crashes! To configure a second button bar with a different
name, simply put '*new_name' in place of '*FvwmButtons' in your
configuration file. If you are not familiar with the _Swallow_ option or
if you want to learn more about how 'swallowing' panels works, refer to
the description of the _Swallow_ option.

Now that your panel basically works you will want to tune it a bit. You
may not want a window title on the panel. To disable the title use the
fvwm _Style_ command. If your button bar is 'sticky' you may want to
make the panel sticky too. And probably the panel window should have no
icon in case it is iconified.

....
Style name_of_panel_window NoTitle, Sitcky, NoIcon
....

You may want your panel to stay open only until you select something in
it. You can give FvwmButtons the _-transientpanel_ option after the -g
option in the command. FvwmPager has a similar option '-transient'.

Last, but not least, you can now put an icon, a title or a small arrow
in the button so that you can see what it is for. A title or icon can be
specified as usual. To activate the arrow, just add '(indicator)' after
the 'Panel' keyword in the example above and the _Padding_ option to
leave a few pixels between the arrow and the border of the button. An
optional direction in which the panel is opened can be given too:

....
*FvwmButtons: (Padding 2, Panel(down, indicator) my_first_panel \
  "Module FvwmButtons -g -30000-30000 -transientpanel my_first_panel")
....

There are several more options to configure how your panel works, for
example the speed and smoothness of the sliding animation. Please refer
to the description of the _Panel_ option for further details.

=== CONVERTING OLD PANEL CONFIGURATIONS

This section describes how to convert a pretty old syntax used in 2.2.x
versions. You may skip it if your syntax is more recent.

With the old panel feature you first had one or more lines defining
panels in your main FvwmButtons configuration:

....
...
*FvwmButtons(Title WinOps,Panel WinOps)
*FvwmButtons(Title Tools ,Panel Tools)
...
....

After the last configuration line for the main panel the configuration
of the first panel followed, introduced with a line beginning with
*FvwmButtonsPanel:

....
*FvwmButtonsPanel WinOps
*FvwmButtonsBack bisque2
...

*FvwmButtonsPanel Tools
*FvwmButtonsBack bisque2
...
....

And perhaps you had style commands for you panels:

....
Style FvwmButtonsPanel Title, NoHandles, BorderWidth 0
Style FvwmButtonsPanel NoButton 2, NoButton 4, Sticky
....

The new configuration looks much the same, but now the configuration of
the main panel is independent of the configuration of the sub panels.
The lines invoking the panels use the same syntax as the Swallow option,
so you simply add the name of the window to use as a panel and the
command to execute instead of the panel name. Note that you give the new
instance of FvwmButtons a different name.

....
*FvwmButtons: (Title WinOps, Panel WinOps \
  "Module FvwmButtons WinOps")
*FvwmButtons: (Title Tools , Panel Tools \
  "Module FvwmButtons Tools")
....

If you used something like 'Panel-d' you now have to use 'Panel(down)'
instead. To make the new panel vanish as soon as a button was selected
start FvwmButtons with the '-transientpanel' option:

....
*FvwmButtons: (Title Tools , Panel(down) Tools \
  "Module FvwmButtons -transientpanel Tools")
....

The rest of the configuration is very easy to change. Delete the lines
'*FvwmButtonsPanel <name>' and add <name> to all of the following
configuration lines for the panel instead. Use the same name in your
Style commands:

....
*WinOps: Back bisque2
...
*Tools: Back bisque2
...
Style "WinOps" Title, NoHandles, BorderWidth 0
Style "WinOps" NoButton 2, NoButton 4, Sticky
Style "Tools" Title, NoHandles, BorderWidth 0
Style "Tools" NoButton 2, NoButton 4, Sticky
....

That's it. The new panels are much more flexible. Please refer to other
parts of this documentation for details.

=== WHY WAS THE PANEL FEATURE REWRITTEN?

There are several reasons. The most important one is that the program
code implementing the panels was very disruptive and caused a lot of
problems. At the same time it made writing new features for FvwmButtons
difficult at best. The second reason is that most users were simply
unable to make it work - it was way too complicated. Even I (the author
of the new code) had to spend several hours before I got it working the
first time. The third reason is that the new panels are more versatile.
Any application can be a panel in FvwmButtons, not just other instances
of FvwmButtons itself. So I sincerely hope that nobody is angry about
the change. Yes - you have to change your configuration, but the new
feature is much easier to configure, especially if you already know how
the Swallow option works.

== ARRANGEMENT ALGORITHM

FvwmButtons tries to arrange its buttons as best it can, by using
recursively, on each container including the buttonbox itself, the
following algorithm.

Getting the size right::
  First it calculates the number of button unit areas it will need, by
  adding the width times the height in buttons of each button.
  Containers are for the moment considered a normal button. Then it
  considers the given _rows_ and _columns_ arguments. If the number of
  rows is given, it will calculate how many columns are needed, and
  stick to that, unless _columns_ is larger, in which case you will get
  some empty space at the bottom of the buttonbox. If the number of
  columns is given, it calculates how many rows it needs to fit all the
  buttons. If neither is given, it assumes you want two rows, and finds
  the number of columns from that. If the BoxSize option is set to
  _smart_ at least the height/width of the tallest/widest button is used
  while the _fixed_ value prevents the box from getting resized if both
  _rows_ and _columns_ have been set to non-zero.
Shuffling buttons::
  Now it has a large enough area to place the buttons in, all that is
  left is to place them right. There are two kinds of buttons: fixed and
  floating buttons. A fixed button is forced to a specific slot in the
  button box by a x/y geometry argument. All other buttons are
  considered floating. Fixed buttons are placed first. Should a fixed
  button overlap another one or shall be place outside the buttons
  window, FvwmButtons exits with an error message. After that the
  floating buttons are placed. The algorithm tries to place the buttons
  in a left to right, top to bottom western fashion. If a button fits at
  the suggested position it is placed there, if not the current slot
  stays empty and the slot to the right will be considered. After the
  button has been placed, the next button is tried to be placed in the
  next slot and so on until all buttons are placed. Additional rows are
  added below the bottom line of buttons until all buttons are placed if
  necessary if the BoxSize option _smart_ is used.
Containers::
  Containers are arranged by the same algorithm, in fact they are
  shuffled recursively as the algorithm finds them.
Clarifying example::
  An example might be useful here: Suppose you have 6 buttons, all unit
  sized except number two, which is 2x2. This makes for 5 times 1 plus 1
  times 4 equals 9 unit buttons total area. Assume you have requested 3
  columns.

....
1) +---+---+---+   2) +---+---+---+   3) +---+---+---+
   | 1 |       |      | 1 |       |      | 1 |       |
   +---+       +      +---+   2   +      +---+   2   +
   |           |      |   |       |      | 3 |       |
   +           +      +   +---+---+      +---+---+---+
   |           |      |           |      |   |   |   |
   +-----------+      +---+-------+      +---+---+---+

4) +---+---+---+   5) +---+-------+   6) +---+-------+
   | 1 |       |      | 1 |       |      | 1 |       |
   +---+   2   +      +---+   2   |      +---+   2   |
   | 3 |       |      | 3 |       |      | 3 |       |
   +---+---+---+      +---+---+---+      +---+-------+
   | 4 |       |      | 4 | 5 |   |      | 4 | 5 | 6 |
   +---+---+---+      +---+---+---+      +---+---+---+
....

What size will the buttons be?::
  When FvwmButtons has read the icons and fonts that are required by its
  configuration, it can find out which size is needed for every
  non-swallowing button. The unit button size of a container is set to
  be large enough to hold the largest button in it without squeezing it.
  Swallowed windows are simply expected to be comfortable with the
  button size they get from this scheme. If a particular configuration
  requires more space for a swallowed window, it can be set in that
  button's configuration line using the option "Size _width height_".
  This will tell FvwmButtons to give this button at least _width_ by
  _height_ pixels inside the relief and padding.

== DYNAMICAL ACTIONS

A running FvwmButtons instance may receive some commands at run time.
This is achieved using the fvwm command

....
SendToModule FvwmButtons-Alias <action> <params>
....

Supported actions:

ChangeButton button_id options::
  can be used to change the title or icon of a button at run time.
  _button_id_ is the id of the button to change as specified using the
  *Id* button option. It may also be a number, in this case the button
  with the given number is assumed. And finally, _button_id_ may be in
  the form +x+y, where x and y are a column number and a row number of
  the button to be changed. It is possible to specify multiple option
  pairs (name with value) by delimiting them using comma. Currently
  options include *Title*, *ActiveTitle*, *PressTitle*, *Colorset*,
  *Icon*, *ActiveIcon* and *PressIcon*. These options work like the
  configuration options of the same name.
ExpandButtonVars button_id command::
  replaces variables present in the _command_ exactly like in the
  *Action* button option and then sends the command back to fvwm.
  _button_id_ has the same syntax as described in *ChangeButton* above.
PressButton button_id [mouse_button]::
  simulates a mouse click on a button. _button_id_ is the id of the
  button to press as specified using the *Id* button option and
  _mouse_button_ is the number of mouse button used to click on the
  button e.g "1" for the left mouse button etc. Quotes around the number
  are not necessary. If _mouse_button_ option is omitted, mouse button 1
  is assumed. This command behaves exactly as if the mouse button was
  pressed and released on the button on in question.
Silent::
  This prefix may be specified before other actions. It disables all
  possible error and warning messages.
Example:::

....
*FvwmButtons: (Id note1, Title "13:30 - Dinner", Icon clock1.xpm)

SendToModule FvwmButtons Silent \
  ChangeButton note1 Icon clock2.xpm, Title "18:00 - Go Home"
....

== SAMPLE CONFIGURATION

The following are excerpts from a .fvwm2rc file which describe
FvwmButtons initialization commands:

....
##########################################################
# Load any modules which should be started during fvwm
# initialization

# Make sure FvwmButtons is always there.
AddToFunc StartFunction  "I" Module FvwmButtons

# Make it titlebar-less, sticky, and give it an icon
Style "FvwmButtons"	Icon toolbox.xpm, NoTitle, Sticky

# Make the menu/panel look like CDE
Style "WinOps" Title, NoHandles, BorderWidth 0
Style "WinOps" NoButton 2, NoButton 4, Sticky
Style "Tools" Title, NoHandles, BorderWidth 0
Style "Tools" NoButton 2, NoButton 4, Sticky

##########################################################
DestroyModuleConfig FvwmButtons: *
*FvwmButtons: Fore Black
*FvwmButtons: Back rgb:90/80/90
*FvwmButtons: Geometry -135-5
*FvwmButtons: Rows 1
*FvwmButtons: BoxSize smart
*FvwmButtons: Font -*-helvetica-medium-r-*-*-12-*
*FvwmButtons: Padding 2 2

*FvwmButtons: (Title WinOps, Panel WinOps \
  "Module FvwmButtons -transientpanel WinOps")
*FvwmButtons: (Title Tools, Panel Tools   \
  "Module FvwmButtons -transientpanel Tools")

*FvwmButtons: (Title Resize, Icon resize.xpm,  Action Resize)
*FvwmButtons: (Title Move,   Icon arrows2.xpm, Action Move  )
*FvwmButtons: (Title Lower,  Icon Down,        Action Lower )
*FvwmButtons: (Title Raise,  Icon Up,          Action Raise )
*FvwmButtons: (Title Kill,   Icon bomb.xpm,    Action Destroy)

*FvwmButtons: (1x1,Container(Rows 3,Frame 1))
*FvwmButtons: (Title Dopey ,Action                          \
    `Exec "big_win" xterm -T big_win -geometry 80x50 &`)
*FvwmButtons: (Title Snoopy, Font fixed, Action             \
    `Exec "small_win" xterm -T small_win &`)
*FvwmButtons: (Title Smokin')
*FvwmButtons: (End)

*FvwmButtons: (Title Xcalc, Icon rcalc.xpm,                 \
             Action `Exec "Calculator" xcalc &`)
*FvwmButtons: (Title XMag, Icon magnifying_glass2.xpm,      \
             Action `Exec "xmag" xmag &`)
*FvwmButtons: (Title Mail, Icon mail2.xpm,                  \
             Action `Exec "xmh" xmh &`)
*FvwmButtons: (4x1, Swallow "FvwmPager" `FvwmPager 0 3`     \
             Frame 3)

*FvwmButtons: (Swallow(UseOld,NoKill) "xload15" `Exec xload \
     -title xload15 -nolabel -bg rgb:90/80/90 -update 15    \
     -geometry -3000-3000 &`)
....

The last lines are a little tricky - one spawns an FvwmPager module, and
captures it to display in a quadruple width button. is used, the Pager
will be as big as possible within the button's relief.

The final line is even more magic. Note the combination of _UseOld_ and
_NoKill_, which will try to swallow an existing window with the name
"xload15" when starting up (if failing: starting one with the specified
command), which is un-swallowed when ending FvwmButtons. The swallowed
application is started with "-geometry -3000-3000" so that it will not
be visible until its swallowed.

The other panels are specified after the root panel:

....
########## PANEL WinOps
DestroyModuleConfig WinOps: *
*WinOps: Back bisque2
*WinOps: Geometry -3-3
*WinOps: Columns 1

*WinOps: (Title Resize, Icon resize.xpm,  Action Resize)
*WinOps: (Title Move,   Icon arrows2.xpm, Action Move  )
*WinOps: (Title Lower,  Icon Down,        Action Lower )
*WinOps: (Title Raise,  Icon Up,          Action Raise )

########## PANEL Tools
DestroyModuleConfig Tools: *
*Tools: Back bisque2
*Tools: Geometry -1-1
*Tools: Columns 1

*Tools: (Title Kill,    Icon bomb.xpm,    Action Destroy)
....

The color specification _rgb:90/80/90_ is actually the most correct way
of specifying independent colors in X, and should be used instead of the
older _#908090_. If the latter specification is used in your
configuration file, you should be sure to escape the hash in any of the
__command__s which will be executed, or fvwm will consider the rest of
the line a comment.

Note that with the x/y geometry specs you can easily build button
windows with gaps. Here is another example. You can not accomplish this
without geometry specs for the buttons:

....
##########################################################
# Another example
##########################################################

# Make it titlebar-less, sticky, and give it an icon
Style "FvwmButtons"	Icon toolbox.xpm, NoTitle, Sticky

DestroyModuleConfig FvwmButtons: *
*FvwmButtons: Font        5x7
*FvwmButtons: Back rgb:90/80/90
*FvwmButtons: Fore        black
*FvwmButtons: Frame       1
# 9x11 pixels per button, 4x4 pixels for the frame
*FvwmButtons: Geometry    580x59+0-0
*FvwmButtons: Rows        5
*FvwmButtons: Columns     64
*FvwmButtons: BoxSize     fixed
*FvwmButtons: Padding     1 1

# Pop up a module menu directly above the button.
*FvwmButtons: (9x1+3+0, Padding 0, Title "Modules",   \
  Action `Menu Modulepopup rectangle \
  $widthx$height+$lleft+$top o+50 -100m`)

# first row of buttons from left to right:
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+0+1, Icon my_lock.xpm, Action `Exec xlock`)
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+3+1, Icon my_recapture.xpm, Action Recapture)
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+6+1, Icon my_resize.xpm, Action Resize)
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+9+1, Icon my_move.xpm, Action Move)
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+12+1, Icon my_fvwmconsole.xpm,     \
  Action 'Module FvwmConsole')

# second row of buttons from left to right:
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+0+3, Icon my_exit.xpm, Action QuitSave)
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+3+3, Icon my_restart.xpm, Action Restart)
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+6+3, Icon my_kill.xpm, Action Destroy)
*FvwmButtons: (3x2+9+3, Icon my_shell.xpm, Action 'Exec rxvt')

# big items
*FvwmButtons: (10x5, Swallow (NoKill, NoCLose)        \
  "FvwmPager" 'FvwmPager * * -geometry 40x40-1024-1024')
*FvwmButtons: (6x5, Swallow "FvwmXclock" `Exec xclock \
  -name FvwmXclock -geometry 40x40+0-3000 -padding 1  \
  -analog -chime -bg rgb:90/80/90`)
*FvwmButtons: (13x5, Swallow (NoClose)                \
"FvwmIconMan" 'Module FvwmIconMan')
*FvwmButtons: (20x5, Padding 0, Swallow "xosview"     \
  `Exec /usr/X11R6/bin/xosview -cpu -int -page -net   \
  -geometry 100x50+0-3000 -font 5x7`)
....

== BUGS

The action part of the Swallow option must be quoted if it contains any
whitespace character.

== HISTORY

The FvwmButtons program, and the concept for interfacing this module to
the Window Manager, are all original work by Robert Nation.

Originally, FvwmGoodStuff preceded FvwmButtons.

== AUTHOR

Robert Nation (1993). Somewhat enhanced by Jarl Totland (1996),
Jui-Hsuan Joshua Feng, Scott Smedley.