/**
 * @file
 * @brief JPEG functions, originally from ECMWF, modified for use in NCEPLIBS-g2c.
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
/* Copyright 2005-2019 ECMWF.
 *
 * This software is licensed under the terms of the Apache Licence
 * Version 2.0 which can be obtained at
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
 *
 * In applying this licence, ECMWF does not waive the privileges and
 * immunities granted to it by virtue of its status as an
 * intergovernmental organisation nor does it submit to any
 * jurisdiction.
 */

#if !defined USE_JPEG2000 && defined USE_OPENJPEG

#include "grib2_int.h"
#include "openjpeg.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

/**
 * Print JPEG warning.
 *
 * @param msg Message.
 * @param client_data Client data.
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static void
openjpeg_warning(const char *msg, void *client_data)
{
    (void)client_data;
    fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: %s", msg);
}

/**
 * Print JPEG error.
 *
 * @param msg Message.
 * @param client_data Client data.
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static void
openjpeg_error(const char *msg, void *client_data)
{
    (void)client_data;
    fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: %s", msg);
}

/**
 * Print JPEG info.
 *
 * @param msg Message.
 * @param client_data Client data.
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static void
openjpeg_info(const char *msg, void *client_data)
{
    (void)msg;
    (void)client_data;
    /* fprintf(stderr,"openjpeg: %s",msg); */
}

/* opj_* Helper code from
 * https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/openjpeg/8cebr0u7JgY
 */
/* These routines are added to use memory instead of a file for input and output */
/* struct need to treat memory as a stream */
typedef struct
{
    OPJ_UINT8 *pData;    /* our data */
    OPJ_SIZE_T dataSize; /* how big is our data */
    OPJ_SIZE_T offset;   /* where we are currently in our data */
} opj_memory_stream;

/**
 * This will read from our memory to the buffer.
 *
 * @param buffer Buffer.
 * @param nb_bytes Number of bytes.
 * @param p_user_data User data.
 *
 * @return size
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static OPJ_SIZE_T
opj_memory_stream_read(void *buffer, OPJ_SIZE_T nb_bytes, void *p_user_data)
{
    opj_memory_stream *mstream = (opj_memory_stream *)p_user_data; /* Our data */
    OPJ_SIZE_T nb_bytes_read = nb_bytes;                           /* Amount to move to buffer */

    /* Check if the current offset is outside our data buffer */
    if (mstream->offset >= mstream->dataSize)
        return (OPJ_SIZE_T)-1;

    /* Check if we are reading more than we have */
    if (nb_bytes > (mstream->dataSize - mstream->offset))
        nb_bytes_read = mstream->dataSize - mstream->offset;

    memcpy(buffer, &(mstream->pData[mstream->offset]), nb_bytes_read);
    mstream->offset += nb_bytes_read; /* Update the pointer to the new location */
    return nb_bytes_read;
}

/**
 * This will Write from the buffer to our memory.
 *
 * @param buffer Buffer.
 * @param nb_bytes Number of bytes.
 * @param p_user_data User data.
 *
 * @return size
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static OPJ_SIZE_T
opj_memory_stream_write(void *buffer, OPJ_SIZE_T nb_bytes, void *user_data)
{
    opj_memory_stream *mstream = (opj_memory_stream *)user_data; /* our data */
    OPJ_SIZE_T nb_bytes_write = nb_bytes;                        /* Amount to move to buffer */

    /* Check if the current offset is outside our data buffer */
    if (mstream->offset >= mstream->dataSize)
        return (OPJ_SIZE_T)-1;

    /* Check if we are writing more than we have space for */
    if (nb_bytes > (mstream->dataSize - mstream->offset))
        nb_bytes_write = mstream->dataSize - mstream->offset;

    /* Copy the data from the internal buffer */
    memcpy(&(mstream->pData[mstream->offset]), buffer, nb_bytes_write);
    mstream->offset += nb_bytes_write; /* Update the pointer to the new location */
    return nb_bytes_write;
}

/**
 * Moves the pointer forward, but never more than we have.
 *
 * @param nb_bytes Number of bytes.
 * @param p_user_data User data.
 *
 * @return number of bytes moved
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static OPJ_OFF_T
opj_memory_stream_skip(OPJ_OFF_T nb_bytes, void *user_data)
{
    opj_memory_stream *mstream = (opj_memory_stream *)user_data;
    OPJ_SIZE_T l_nb_bytes;

    if (nb_bytes < 0)
        return -1;                     /* No skipping backwards */
    l_nb_bytes = (OPJ_SIZE_T)nb_bytes; /* Allowed because it is positive */
    /* Do not allow jumping past the end */
    if (l_nb_bytes > mstream->dataSize - mstream->offset)
        l_nb_bytes = mstream->dataSize - mstream->offset;
    mstream->offset += l_nb_bytes;
    return (OPJ_OFF_T)l_nb_bytes; /* Return how far we jumped */
}

/**
 * Sets the pointer to anywhere in the memory.
 *
 * @param nb_bytes Number of bytes.
 * @param user_data User data.
 *
 * @return true if successful.
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static OPJ_BOOL
opj_memory_stream_seek(OPJ_OFF_T nb_bytes, void *user_data)
{
    opj_memory_stream *mstream = (opj_memory_stream *)user_data;

    if (nb_bytes < 0)
        return OPJ_FALSE; /* Not before the buffer */
    if (nb_bytes > (OPJ_OFF_T)mstream->dataSize)
        return OPJ_FALSE;                   /* Not after the buffer */
    mstream->offset = (OPJ_SIZE_T)nb_bytes; /* Move to new position */
    return OPJ_TRUE;
}

/**
 * Do nothing.
 *
 * @param p_user_data User data.
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static void
opj_memory_stream_do_nothing(void *p_user_data)
{
    OPJ_ARG_NOT_USED(p_user_data);
}

/**
 * Create a stream to use memory as the input or output.
 *
 * @param memoryStream Memory stream.
 * @param is_read_stream True if this is a read stream.
 *
 * @return pointer to stream
 *
 * @author ECMWF programmer
 */
static opj_stream_t *
opj_stream_create_default_memory_stream(opj_memory_stream *memoryStream, OPJ_BOOL is_read_stream)
{
    opj_stream_t *stream;

    if (!(stream = opj_stream_default_create(is_read_stream)))
        return (NULL);
    /* Set how to work with the frame buffer */
    if (is_read_stream)
        opj_stream_set_read_function(stream, opj_memory_stream_read);
    else
        opj_stream_set_write_function(stream, opj_memory_stream_write);

    opj_stream_set_seek_function(stream, opj_memory_stream_seek);
    opj_stream_set_skip_function(stream, opj_memory_stream_skip);
    opj_stream_set_user_data(stream, memoryStream, opj_memory_stream_do_nothing);
    opj_stream_set_user_data_length(stream, memoryStream->dataSize);
    return stream;
}

/**
 * This Function decodes a JPEG2000 code stream specified in the
 * JPEG2000 Part-1 standard (i.e., ISO/IEC 15444-1) using OpenJPEG.
 *
 * PROGRAM HISTORY LOG:
 * - 2002-12-02  Gilbert
 * - 2016-06-08  Jovic
 * - 2025-03-07 Stahl | added functionality to handle g2int and int outputs
 *
 * @param injpc Input JPEG2000 code stream.
 * @param bufsize Length (in bytes) of the input JPEG2000 code stream.
 * @param outfld Pointer to either int or g2int array, already
 * allocated, that gets the unpacked data.
 * @param out_is_g2int Non-zero if the output array is of type g2int
 * (i.e. 64-bit ints), zero if output is an int array (32-bits).
 *
 * @return
 * - 0 Successful decode
 * - -3 Error decode jpeg2000 code stream.
 * - -5 decoded image had multiple color components. Only grayscale is expected.
 *
 * @note Requires OpenJPEG Version 2.
 *
 * @author Stephen Gilbert, Jovic, Stahl
 */
static int
int_dec_jpeg2000(char *injpc, g2int bufsize, void *outfld, int out_is_g2int)
{
    int iret = 0;
    OPJ_INT32 mask;

    opj_stream_t *stream = NULL;
    opj_image_t *image = NULL;
    opj_codec_t *codec = NULL;

    /* set decoding parameters to default values */
    opj_dparameters_t parameters = {
        0,
    }; /* decompression parameters */
    opj_set_default_decoder_parameters(&parameters);
    parameters.decod_format = 1; /* JP2_FMT */

    /* get a decoder handle */
    codec = opj_create_decompress(OPJ_CODEC_J2K);

    /* catch events using our callbacks */
    opj_set_info_handler(codec, openjpeg_info, NULL);
    opj_set_warning_handler(codec, openjpeg_warning, NULL);
    opj_set_error_handler(codec, openjpeg_error, NULL);

    /* initialize our memory stream */
    opj_memory_stream mstream;
    mstream.pData = (OPJ_UINT8 *)injpc;
    mstream.dataSize = (OPJ_SIZE_T)bufsize;
    mstream.offset = 0;
    /* open a byte stream from memory stream */
    stream = opj_stream_create_default_memory_stream(&mstream, OPJ_STREAM_READ);

    /* setup the decoder decoding parameters using user parameters */
    if (!opj_setup_decoder(codec, &parameters))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: failed to setup decoder");
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }
    if (!opj_read_header(stream, codec, &image))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: failed to read the header");
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }
    if (!opj_decode(codec, stream, image))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: failed to decode");
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if ((image->numcomps != 1) || (image->x1 * image->y1) == 0)
    {
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    assert(image->comps[0].sgnd == 0);
    assert(image->comps[0].prec < sizeof(mask) * 8 - 1);

    mask = (1 << image->comps[0].prec) - 1;

    if (out_is_g2int)
    {
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < image->comps[0].w * image->comps[0].h; i++)
            ((g2int *)outfld)[i] = (g2int)(image->comps[0].data[i] & mask);
    }
    else
    {
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < image->comps[0].w * image->comps[0].h; i++)
            ((int *)outfld)[i] = (int)(image->comps[0].data[i] & mask);
    }

    if (!opj_end_decompress(codec, stream))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: failed in opj_end_decompress");
        iret = -3;
    }

cleanup:
    /* close the byte stream */
    if (codec)
        opj_destroy_codec(codec);
    if (stream)
        opj_stream_destroy(stream);
    if (image)
        opj_image_destroy(image);

    return iret;
}

/**
 * This Function decodes a JPEG2000 code stream specified in the
 * JPEG2000 Part-1 standard (i.e., ISO/IEC 15444-1) using OpenJPEG.
 *
 * PROGRAM HISTORY LOG:
 * - 2002-12-02  Gilbert
 * - 2016-06-08  Jovic
 *
 * @param injpc Input JPEG2000 code stream.
 * @param bufsize Length (in bytes) of the input JPEG2000 code stream.
 * @param outfld Output matrix of grayscale image values.
 *
 * @return
 * - 0 Successful decode
 * - -3 Error decode jpeg2000 code stream.
 * - -5 decoded image had multiple color components. Only grayscale is expected.
 *
 * @note Requires OpenJPEG Version 2.
 *
 * @author Alyson Stahl
 */
int
g2c_dec_jpeg2000(char *injpc, size_t bufsize, int *outfld)
{
    return int_dec_jpeg2000(injpc, bufsize, outfld, 0);
}

/**
 * This Function decodes a JPEG2000 code stream specified in the
 * JPEG2000 Part-1 standard (i.e., ISO/IEC 15444-1) using OpenJPEG.
 *
 * PROGRAM HISTORY LOG:
 * - 2002-12-02  Gilbert
 * - 2016-06-08  Jovic
 * - 2025-03-07 Stahl | moved code to int_dec_jpeg2000() function to handle int outputs
 *
 * @param injpc Input JPEG2000 code stream.
 * @param bufsize Length (in bytes) of the input JPEG2000 code stream.
 * @param outfld Output matrix of grayscale image values.
 *
 * @return
 * - 0 Successful decode
 * - -3 Error decode jpeg2000 code stream.
 * - -5 decoded image had multiple color components. Only grayscale is expected.
 *
 * @note Requires OpenJPEG Version 2.
 *
 * @author Stephen Gilbert, Jovic, Stahl
 */
int
dec_jpeg2000(char *injpc, g2int bufsize, g2int *outfld)
{
    return int_dec_jpeg2000(injpc, bufsize, outfld, 1);
}

/**
 * This Function encodes a grayscale image into a JPEG2000 code stream
 * specified in the JPEG2000 Part-1 standard (i.e., ISO/IEC 15444-1)
 * using OpenJPEG library.
 *
 * PROGRAM HISTORY LOG:
 * - 2002-12-02  Gilbert
 * - 2016-06-08  Jovic
 *
 * @param cin Packed matrix of Grayscale image values to encode.
 * @param width width of image
 * @param height height of image
 * @param nbits depth (in bits) of image.i.e number of bits used to
 * hold each data value
 * @param ltype indicator of lossless or lossy compression = 1, for
 * lossy compression != 1, for lossless compression.
 * @param ratio target compression ratio.  (ratio:1) Used only when
 * ltype == 1.
 * @param retry Pointer to option type. 1 = try increasing number of
 * guard bits otherwise, no additional options.
 * @param outjpc Output encoded JPEG2000 code stream.
 * @param jpclen Number of bytes allocated for new JPEG2000 code
 * stream in outjpc.
 *
 * @return
 * - > 0 Length in bytes of encoded JPEG2000 code stream
 * - -3 Error decode jpeg2000 code stream.
 * - -5 decoded image had multiple color components. Only grayscale is expected.
 *
 * @note Requires OpenJPEG Version 2.
 *
 * @author Alyson Stahl
 */
int
g2c_enc_jpeg2000(unsigned char *cin, int width, int height, int nbits,
                 int ltype, int ratio, int retry, char *outjpc,
                 size_t jpclen)
{
    g2int width8 = width, height8 = height, nbits8 = nbits, ltype8 = ltype;
    g2int ratio8 = ratio, retry8 = retry, jpclen8 = jpclen;

    return enc_jpeg2000(cin, width8, height8, nbits8, ltype8, ratio8, retry8,
                        outjpc, jpclen8);
}

/**
 * This Function encodes a grayscale image into a JPEG2000 code stream
 * specified in the JPEG2000 Part-1 standard (i.e., ISO/IEC 15444-1)
 * using OpenJPEG library.
 *
 * PROGRAM HISTORY LOG:
 * - 2002-12-02  Gilbert
 * - 2016-06-08  Jovic
 *
 * @param cin Packed matrix of Grayscale image values to encode.
 * @param width width of image
 * @param height height of image
 * @param nbits depth (in bits) of image.i.e number of bits used to
 * hold each data value
 * @param ltype indicator of lossless or lossy compression = 1, for
 * lossy compression != 1, for lossless compression.
 * @param ratio target compression ratio.  (ratio:1) Used only when
 * ltype == 1.
 * @param retry Pointer to option type. 1 = try increasing number of
 * guard bits otherwise, no additional options.
 * @param outjpc Output encoded JPEG2000 code stream.
 * @param jpclen Number of bytes allocated for new JPEG2000 code
 * stream in outjpc.
 *
 * @return
 * - > 0 Length in bytes of encoded JPEG2000 code stream
 * - -3 Error decode jpeg2000 code stream.
 * - -5 decoded image had multiple color components. Only grayscale is expected.
 *
 * @note Requires OpenJPEG Version 2.
 *
 * @author Stephen Gilbert, Jovic
 */
int
enc_jpeg2000(unsigned char *cin, g2int width, g2int height, g2int nbits,
             g2int ltype, g2int ratio, g2int retry, char *outjpc,
             g2int jpclen)
{
    (void)retry;
    int iret = 0;
    int nbytes = 0;
    const int numcomps = 1;
    g2int *ifld = NULL;

    opj_codec_t *codec = NULL;
    opj_image_t *image = NULL;
    opj_stream_t *stream = NULL;

    /* set encoding parameters to default values */
    opj_cparameters_t parameters = {
        0,
    }; /* compression parameters */
    opj_set_default_encoder_parameters(&parameters);

    parameters.tcp_numlayers = 1;
    parameters.cp_disto_alloc = 1;
    if (ltype == 1)
    {
        assert(ratio != 255);
        parameters.tcp_rates[0] = 1.0f / (float)ratio;
    }

    /* By default numresolution = 6 (must be between 1 and 32)
     * This may be too large for some of our datasets, eg. 1xn, so adjust ...
     */
    parameters.numresolution = 6;
    while ((width < (1 << (parameters.numresolution - 1))) ||
           (height < (1 << (parameters.numresolution - 1))))
    {
        parameters.numresolution--;
    }

    /* initialize image component */
    opj_image_cmptparm_t cmptparm = {
        0,
    };
    cmptparm.prec = (OPJ_UINT32)nbits;
    cmptparm.sgnd = 0;
    cmptparm.dx = 1;
    cmptparm.dy = 1;
    cmptparm.w = (OPJ_UINT32)width;
    cmptparm.h = (OPJ_UINT32)height;

    /* create the image */
    image = opj_image_create(numcomps, &cmptparm, OPJ_CLRSPC_GRAY);
    if (!image)
    {
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }
    image->x0 = 0;
    image->y0 = 0;
    image->x1 = (OPJ_UINT32)width;
    image->y1 = (OPJ_UINT32)height;

    assert(cmptparm.prec <= sizeof(image->comps[0].data[0]) * 8 - 1); /* BR: -1 because I don't know what happens if the sign bit is set */

    ifld = malloc(width * height * sizeof(g2int));
    nbytes = (nbits + 7) / 8;
    gbits(cin, ifld, 0, nbytes * 8, 0, width * height);
    /* Simple packing */
    for (int i = 0; i < width * height; i++)
    {
        image->comps[0].data[i] = ifld[i];
    }
    free(ifld);

    /* get a J2K compressor handle */
    codec = opj_create_compress(OPJ_CODEC_J2K);

    opj_set_info_handler(codec, openjpeg_info, NULL);
    opj_set_warning_handler(codec, openjpeg_warning, NULL);
    opj_set_error_handler(codec, openjpeg_error, NULL);

    /* setup the encoder parameters using the current image and user parameters */
    if (!opj_setup_encoder(codec, &parameters, image))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: failed to setup encoder");
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    /* open a byte stream for writing */
    opj_memory_stream mstream;
    mstream.pData = (OPJ_UINT8 *)outjpc;
    mstream.offset = 0;
    mstream.dataSize = (OPJ_SIZE_T)jpclen;
    stream = opj_stream_create_default_memory_stream(&mstream, OPJ_STREAM_WRITE);
    if (!stream)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: failed create default memory stream");
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!opj_start_compress(codec, image, stream))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: failed to setup encoder");
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    /* encode image */
    if (!opj_encode(codec, stream))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: opj_encode failed");
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!opj_end_compress(codec, stream))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "openjpeg: opj_end_compress failed");
        iret = -3;
        goto cleanup;
    }
    iret = (int)mstream.offset;

cleanup:
    if (codec)
        opj_destroy_codec(codec);
    if (stream)
        opj_stream_destroy(stream);
    if (image)
        opj_image_destroy(image);

    return iret;
}

#endif