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Title: Spawning Processes
SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 Red Hat, Inc.
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017 Philip Withnall
# Spawning Processes
GLib supports spawning of processes with an API that is more
convenient than the bare UNIX [`fork()`](man:fork(2)) and
[`exec()`](man:exec(3)).
The `g_spawn_…()` family of functions has synchronous ([func@GLib.spawn_sync])
and asynchronous variants ([func@GLib.spawn_async],
[func@GLib.spawn_async_with_pipes]), as well as convenience variants that take a
complete shell-like command line ([func@GLib.spawn_command_line_sync],
[func@GLib.spawn_command_line_async]).
See [`GSubprocess`](../gio/class.Subprocess.html) in GIO for a higher-level API
that provides stream interfaces for communication with child processes.
An example of using [func@GLib.spawn_async_with_pipes]:
```c
const gchar * const argv[] = { "my-favourite-program", "--args", NULL };
gint child_stdout, child_stderr;
GPid child_pid;
g_autoptr(GError) error = NULL;
// Spawn child process.
g_spawn_async_with_pipes (NULL, argv, NULL, G_SPAWN_DO_NOT_REAP_CHILD, NULL,
NULL, &child_pid, NULL, &child_stdout,
&child_stderr, &error);
if (error != NULL)
{
g_error ("Spawning child failed: %s", error->message);
return;
}
// Add a child watch function which will be called when the child process
// exits.
g_child_watch_add (child_pid, child_watch_cb, NULL);
// You could watch for output on @child_stdout and @child_stderr using
// #GUnixInputStream or #GIOChannel here.
static void
child_watch_cb (GPid pid,
gint status,
gpointer user_data)
{
g_message ("Child %" G_PID_FORMAT " exited %s", pid,
g_spawn_check_wait_status (status, NULL) ? "normally" : "abnormally");
// Free any resources associated with the child here, such as I/O channels
// on its stdout and stderr FDs. If you have no code to put in the
// child_watch_cb() callback, you can remove it and the g_child_watch_add()
// call, but you must also remove the G_SPAWN_DO_NOT_REAP_CHILD flag,
// otherwise the child process will stay around as a zombie until this
// process exits.
g_spawn_close_pid (pid);
}
```
## Spawn Functions
* [func@GLib.spawn_async_with_fds]
* [func@GLib.spawn_async_with_pipes]
* [func@GLib.spawn_async_with_pipes_and_fds]
* [func@GLib.spawn_async]
* [func@GLib.spawn_sync]
* [func@GLib.spawn_check_wait_status]
* [func@GLib.spawn_check_exit_status]
* [func@GLib.spawn_command_line_async]
* [func@GLib.spawn_command_line_sync]
* [func@GLib.spawn_close_pid]
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