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<H1><A NAME="SECTION00610000000000000000"></A>
<A NAME="1376"></A>
<BR>
4.1 The cpt file format
</H1>
<P>
The cpt file has already been briefly mentioned in connection
with our seismicity plot in session 2. Here we will treat the
issue in more detail. The general format of cpt files is
<P>
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
<TABLE CELLPADDING=3>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT">z<IMG
WIDTH="11" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img62.gif"
ALT="$_0$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">R<IMG
WIDTH="23" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img63.gif"
ALT="$_{min}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">G<IMG
WIDTH="23" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img63.gif"
ALT="$_{min}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">B<IMG
WIDTH="23" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img63.gif"
ALT="$_{min}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">z<IMG
WIDTH="11" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img64.gif"
ALT="$_1$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">R<IMG
WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img65.gif"
ALT="$_{max}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">G<IMG
WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img65.gif"
ALT="$_{max}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">B<IMG
WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img65.gif"
ALT="$_{max}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">[<B>A</B>]</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT">...</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT">z<IMG
WIDTH="26" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img66.gif"
ALT="$_{n-2}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">R<IMG
WIDTH="23" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img63.gif"
ALT="$_{min}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">G<IMG
WIDTH="23" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img63.gif"
ALT="$_{min}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">B<IMG
WIDTH="23" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img63.gif"
ALT="$_{min}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">z<IMG
WIDTH="26" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img67.gif"
ALT="$_{n-1}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">R<IMG
WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img65.gif"
ALT="$_{max}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">G<IMG
WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img65.gif"
ALT="$_{max}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">B<IMG
WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img65.gif"
ALT="$_{max}$"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT">[<B>A</B>]</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV>
<P>
Since a cpt file may contain only shades of gray (here listed as
the red component), the green and blue columns are optional and
only used for color tables. An optional final column may be used
to affect annotation of color bars (created by <A NAME="tex2html241"
HREF="../psscale.html"><I><B>psscale</B></I></A><A NAME="3127"></A>).
The <B>U</B>, <B>L</B>, and <B>B</B> flags (position <B>A</B>) indicate
we want to annotate
the upper, lower, and both color boundaries, respectively.
Alternatively, you can use the <A NAME="tex2html242"
HREF="../psscale.html"><I><B>psscale</B></I></A><A NAME="3136"></A> <B>-B</B> option in
the same way you use it in, say, <A NAME="tex2html243"
HREF="../psbasemap.html"><I><B>psbasemap</B></I></A><A NAME="3146"></A>.
<P>
Cpt files can be created in any number of ways. <A NAME="tex2html244"
HREF="http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/gmt"><B>GMT</B></A> provides
two mechanisms:
<P>
<OL>
<LI>Create simple, linear color tables given a master color table
(several are built-in) and the desired <IMG
WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img38.gif"
ALT="$z$">-values at color boundaries
(<A NAME="tex2html245"
HREF="../makecpt.html"><I><B>makecpt</B></I></A><A NAME="3158"></A>)
<P>
</LI>
<LI>Create color tables based on a master cpt color table and the
histogram-equalized distribution of <IMG
WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img38.gif"
ALT="$z$">-values in a gridded data file (<A NAME="tex2html246"
HREF="../grd2cpt.html"><I><B>grd2cpt</B></I></A><A NAME="3167"></A>)
<P>
</LI>
</OL>
<P>
One can also make these files manually or with <I>awk</I><A NAME="3175"></A>
or other tools. Here we will limit our discussion to <A NAME="tex2html247"
HREF="../makecpt.html"><I><B>makecpt</B></I></A><A NAME="3181"></A>.
Its main argument is the name of the master color table (a list is
shown if you run the program with no arguments) and the equidistant
<IMG
WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
SRC="img38.gif"
ALT="$z$">-values to go with it. The main options are given below.
<P>
<BR><P></P>
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="1754"></A>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION><STRONG>Table 4.1:</STRONG>
Prime options available in <A NAME="tex2html235"
HREF="../makecpt.html"><I><B>makecpt</B></I></A><A NAME="3194"></A></CAPTION>
<TR><TD>
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><TABLE CELLPADDING=3 BORDER="1">
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER" COLSPAN=1><FONT SIZE="-1">
<I>Option</I></FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" COLSPAN=1><FONT SIZE="-1"> <I>Purpose</I></FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1">
</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>-C</B> </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1"> Set the name of the master cpt file to use </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1">
</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>-I</B> </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1"> Reverse the sense of the color progression </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1">
</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>-V</B> </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1"> Run in verbose mode </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1">
</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>-Z</B> </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1"> Make a continuous rather than discrete table </FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE><FONT SIZE="-1">
<A NAME="tbl:makecpt"></A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV><P></P>
<BR>
<P>
To make discrete and continuous color cpt files for data that ranges
from -20 to 60, with color changes at every 10, try these two variants:
<P>
<PRE>
makecpt -Crainbow -T-20/60/10 >! disc.cpt
makecpt -Crainbow -T-20/60/10 -Z >! cont.cpt
</PRE>
<P>
We can plot these color tables with <A NAME="tex2html248"
HREF="../psscale.html"><I><B>psscale</B></I></A><A NAME="3203"></A>; the options
worth mentioning here are listed in Table <A HREF="node68.html#tbl:psscale">4.2</A>.
<P>
<BR><P></P>
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="1757"></A>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION><STRONG>Table 4.2:</STRONG>
The main switches and options in <A NAME="tex2html238"
HREF="../psscale.html"><I><B>psscale</B></I></A><A NAME="3215"></A></CAPTION>
<TR><TD>
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><TABLE CELLPADDING=3 BORDER="1">
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER" COLSPAN=1><FONT SIZE="-1">
<I>Option</I></FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" COLSPAN=1><FONT SIZE="-1"> <I>Purpose</I></FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1">
</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>-C</B></FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><I>cptfile</I> </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1"> The required cpt file </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1">
</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>-D</B></FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><I>xpos</I>/</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><I>ypos</I>/</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><I>length</I>/</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><I>width</I>[</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>h</B>] </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1"> Sets the position of the center/left and dimensions of scale bar. </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1">
</FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1"> Append </FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>h</B> to get horizontal bar and give center/top instead </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1">
</FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>-I</B></FONT><FONT SIZE="-1"><I>max_intensity</I> </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-1"> Add illumination effects </FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE><FONT SIZE="-1">
<A NAME="tbl:psscale"></A></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV><P></P>
<BR>
<P>
In addition, the <B>-B</B> option can be used to set the title
and unit label (and optionally to set the anotation-, tick-,
and grid-line intervals for the colorbars.)
<P>
<PRE>
psbasemap -R0/8.5/0/11 -Jx1i -P -B0 -K >! bar.ps
psscale -D3i/3i/4i/0.5ih -Cdisc.cpt -B:discrete: -O -K >> bar.ps
psscale -D3i/5i/4i/0.5ih -Ccont.cpt -B:continuous: -O -K >> bar.ps
psscale -D3i/7i/4i/0.5ih -Cdisc.cpt -B:discrete: -I0.5 -O -K >> bar.ps
psscale -D3i/9i/4i/0.5ih -Ccont.cpt -B:continuous: -I0.5 -O >> bar.ps
</PRE>
<P>
<BR><HR>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html1395"
HREF="node69.html">4.1.1 Exercises</A>
</UL>
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<ADDRESS>
Paul Wessel
2001-04-18
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