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package main
import (
"bytes"
"context"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"strings"
"github.com/containers/buildah/manifests"
"github.com/containers/buildah/pkg/cli"
"github.com/containers/buildah/pkg/parse"
"github.com/containers/buildah/util"
"github.com/containers/common/pkg/auth"
cp "github.com/containers/image/v5/copy"
"github.com/containers/image/v5/manifest"
"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports"
"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports/alltransports"
"github.com/containers/image/v5/types"
"github.com/containers/storage"
digest "github.com/opencontainers/go-digest"
imgspecv1 "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
"github.com/pkg/errors"
"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
"github.com/spf13/cobra"
)
type manifestCreateOpts = struct {
os, arch string
all bool
}
type manifestAddOpts = struct {
authfile, certDir, creds, os, arch, variant, osVersion string
features, osFeatures, annotations []string
tlsVerify, all bool
}
type manifestRemoveOpts = struct{}
type manifestAnnotateOpts = struct {
os, arch, variant, osVersion string
features, osFeatures, annotations []string
}
type manifestInspectOpts = struct{}
func init() {
var (
manifestDescription = "\n Creates, modifies, and pushes manifest lists and image indexes."
manifestCreateDescription = "\n Creates manifest lists and image indexes."
manifestAddDescription = "\n Adds an image to a manifest list or image index."
manifestRemoveDescription = "\n Removes an image from a manifest list or image index."
manifestAnnotateDescription = "\n Adds or updates information about an entry in a manifest list or image index."
manifestInspectDescription = "\n Display the contents of a manifest list or image index."
manifestPushDescription = "\n Pushes manifest lists and image indexes to registries."
manifestCreateOpts manifestCreateOpts
manifestAddOpts manifestAddOpts
manifestRemoveOpts manifestRemoveOpts
manifestAnnotateOpts manifestAnnotateOpts
manifestInspectOpts manifestInspectOpts
manifestPushOpts pushOptions
)
manifestCommand := &cobra.Command{
Use: "manifest",
Short: "Manipulate manifest lists and image indexes",
Long: manifestDescription,
Example: `buildah manifest create localhost/list
buildah manifest add localhost/list localhost/image
buildah manifest annotate --annotation A=B localhost/list localhost/image
buildah manifest annotate --annotation A=B localhost/list sha256:entryManifestDigest
buildah manifest remove localhost/list sha256:entryManifestDigest
buildah manifest inspect localhost/list
buildah manifest push localhost/list transport:destination`,
}
manifestCommand.SetUsageTemplate(UsageTemplate())
rootCmd.AddCommand(manifestCommand)
manifestCreateCommand := &cobra.Command{
Use: "create",
Short: "Create manifest list or image index",
Long: manifestCreateDescription,
RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
return manifestCreateCmd(cmd, args, manifestCreateOpts)
},
Example: `buildah manifest create mylist:v1.11
buildah manifest create mylist:v1.11 arch-specific-image-to-add
buildah manifest create --all mylist:v1.11 transport:tagged-image-to-add`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
}
manifestCreateCommand.SetUsageTemplate(UsageTemplate())
flags := manifestCreateCommand.Flags()
flags.BoolVar(&manifestCreateOpts.all, "all", false, "add all of the lists' images if the images to add are lists")
flags.StringVar(&manifestCreateOpts.os, "os", "", "if any of the specified images is a list, choose the one for `os`")
if err := flags.MarkHidden("os"); err != nil {
panic(fmt.Sprintf("error marking --os as hidden: %v", err))
}
flags.StringVar(&manifestCreateOpts.arch, "arch", "", "if any of the specified images is a list, choose the one for `arch`")
if err := flags.MarkHidden("arch"); err != nil {
panic(fmt.Sprintf("error marking --arch as hidden: %v", err))
}
flags.SetNormalizeFunc(cli.AliasFlags)
manifestCommand.AddCommand(manifestCreateCommand)
manifestAddCommand := &cobra.Command{
Use: "add",
Short: "Add images to a manifest list or image index",
Long: manifestAddDescription,
RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
return manifestAddCmd(cmd, args, manifestAddOpts)
},
Example: `buildah manifest add mylist:v1.11 image:v1.11-amd64
buildah manifest add mylist:v1.11 transport:imageName`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
}
manifestAddCommand.SetUsageTemplate(UsageTemplate())
flags = manifestAddCommand.Flags()
flags.StringVar(&manifestAddOpts.authfile, "authfile", auth.GetDefaultAuthFile(), "path of the authentication file. Use REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE environment variable to override")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAddOpts.certDir, "cert-dir", "", "use certificates at the specified path to access the registry")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAddOpts.creds, "creds", "", "use `[username[:password]]` for accessing the registry")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAddOpts.os, "os", "", "override the `OS` of the specified image")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAddOpts.arch, "arch", "", "override the `architecture` of the specified image")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAddOpts.variant, "variant", "", "override the `variant` of the specified image")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAddOpts.osVersion, "os-version", "", "override the OS `version` of the specified image")
flags.StringSliceVar(&manifestAddOpts.features, "features", nil, "override the `features` of the specified image")
flags.StringSliceVar(&manifestAddOpts.osFeatures, "os-features", nil, "override the OS `features` of the specified image")
flags.StringSliceVar(&manifestAddOpts.annotations, "annotation", nil, "set an `annotation` for the specified image")
flags.BoolVar(&manifestAddOpts.tlsVerify, "tls-verify", true, "require HTTPS and verify certificates when accessing the registry. TLS verification cannot be used when talking to an insecure registry.")
flags.BoolVar(&manifestAddOpts.all, "all", false, "add all of the list's images if the image is a list")
flags.SetNormalizeFunc(cli.AliasFlags)
manifestCommand.AddCommand(manifestAddCommand)
manifestRemoveCommand := &cobra.Command{
Use: "remove",
Short: "Remove an entry from a manifest list or image index",
Long: manifestRemoveDescription,
RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
return manifestRemoveCmd(cmd, args, manifestRemoveOpts)
},
Example: `buildah manifest remove mylist:v1.11 sha256:15352d97781ffdf357bf3459c037be3efac4133dc9070c2dce7eca7c05c3e736`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
}
manifestRemoveCommand.SetUsageTemplate(UsageTemplate())
manifestCommand.AddCommand(manifestRemoveCommand)
manifestAnnotateCommand := &cobra.Command{
Use: "annotate",
Short: "Add or update information about an entry in a manifest list or image index",
Long: manifestAnnotateDescription,
RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
return manifestAnnotateCmd(cmd, args, manifestAnnotateOpts)
},
Example: `buildah manifest annotate --annotation left=right mylist:v1.11 image:v1.11-amd64`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
}
flags = manifestAnnotateCommand.Flags()
flags.StringVar(&manifestAnnotateOpts.os, "os", "", "override the `OS` of the specified image")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAnnotateOpts.arch, "arch", "", "override the `Architecture` of the specified image")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAnnotateOpts.variant, "variant", "", "override the `Variant` of the specified image")
flags.StringVar(&manifestAnnotateOpts.osVersion, "os-version", "", "override the os `version` of the specified image")
flags.StringSliceVar(&manifestAnnotateOpts.features, "features", nil, "override the `features` of the specified image")
flags.StringSliceVar(&manifestAnnotateOpts.osFeatures, "os-features", nil, "override the os `features` of the specified image")
flags.StringSliceVar(&manifestAnnotateOpts.annotations, "annotation", nil, "set an `annotation` for the specified image")
manifestAnnotateCommand.SetUsageTemplate(UsageTemplate())
manifestCommand.AddCommand(manifestAnnotateCommand)
manifestInspectCommand := &cobra.Command{
Use: "inspect",
Short: "Display the contents of a manifest list or image index",
Long: manifestInspectDescription,
RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
return manifestInspectCmd(cmd, args, manifestInspectOpts)
},
Example: `buildah manifest inspect mylist:v1.11`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
}
manifestInspectCommand.SetUsageTemplate(UsageTemplate())
manifestCommand.AddCommand(manifestInspectCommand)
manifestPushCommand := &cobra.Command{
Use: "push",
Short: "Push a manifest list or image index to a registry",
Long: manifestPushDescription,
RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
return manifestPushCmd(cmd, args, manifestPushOpts)
},
Example: `buildah manifest push mylist:v1.11 transport:imageName`,
Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
}
manifestPushCommand.SetUsageTemplate(UsageTemplate())
flags = manifestPushCommand.Flags()
flags.BoolVar(&manifestPushOpts.rm, "rm", false, "remove the manifest list if push succeeds")
flags.BoolVar(&manifestPushOpts.all, "all", false, "also push the images in the list")
flags.StringVar(&manifestPushOpts.authfile, "authfile", auth.GetDefaultAuthFile(), "path of the authentication file. Use REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE environment variable to override")
flags.StringVar(&manifestPushOpts.certDir, "cert-dir", "", "use certificates at the specified path to access the registry")
flags.StringVar(&manifestPushOpts.creds, "creds", "", "use `[username[:password]]` for accessing the registry")
flags.StringVar(&manifestPushOpts.digestfile, "digestfile", "", "after copying the image, write the digest of the resulting digest to the file")
flags.StringVarP(&manifestPushOpts.format, "format", "f", "", "manifest type (oci or v2s2) to attempt to use when pushing the manifest list (default is manifest type of source)")
flags.BoolVarP(&manifestPushOpts.removeSignatures, "remove-signatures", "", false, "don't copy signatures when pushing images")
flags.StringVar(&manifestPushOpts.signBy, "sign-by", "", "sign the image using a GPG key with the specified `FINGERPRINT`")
flags.StringVar(&manifestPushOpts.signaturePolicy, "signature-policy", "", "`pathname` of signature policy file (not usually used)")
if err := flags.MarkHidden("signature-policy"); err != nil {
panic(fmt.Sprintf("error marking signature-policy as hidden: %v", err))
}
flags.BoolVar(&manifestPushOpts.tlsVerify, "tls-verify", true, "require HTTPS and verify certificates when accessing the registry. TLS verification cannot be used when talking to an insecure registry.")
flags.BoolVarP(&manifestPushOpts.quiet, "quiet", "q", false, "don't output progress information when pushing lists")
flags.SetNormalizeFunc(cli.AliasFlags)
manifestCommand.AddCommand(manifestPushCommand)
}
func manifestCreateCmd(c *cobra.Command, args []string, opts manifestCreateOpts) error {
if len(args) == 0 {
return errors.New("At least a name must be specified for the list")
}
listImageSpec := args[0]
imageSpecs := args[1:]
store, err := getStore(c)
if err != nil {
return err
}
systemContext, err := parse.SystemContextFromOptions(c)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "error building system context")
}
list := manifests.Create()
names, err := util.ExpandNames([]string{listImageSpec}, "", systemContext, store)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "error encountered while expanding image name %q", listImageSpec)
}
for _, imageSpec := range imageSpecs {
ref, err := alltransports.ParseImageName(imageSpec)
if err != nil {
if ref, err = alltransports.ParseImageName(util.DefaultTransport + imageSpec); err != nil {
// check if the local image exists
if ref, _, err = util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, imageSpec); err != nil {
return err
}
}
}
if _, err = list.Add(getContext(), systemContext, ref, opts.all); err != nil {
return err
}
}
imageID, err := list.SaveToImage(store, "", names, manifest.DockerV2ListMediaType)
if err == nil {
fmt.Printf("%s\n", imageID)
}
return err
}
func manifestAddCmd(c *cobra.Command, args []string, opts manifestAddOpts) error {
if err := auth.CheckAuthFile(opts.authfile); err != nil {
return err
}
listImageSpec := ""
imageSpec := ""
switch len(args) {
case 0, 1:
return errors.New("At least a list image and an image to add must be specified")
case 2:
listImageSpec = args[0]
if listImageSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, args[0])
}
imageSpec = args[1]
if imageSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, args[1])
}
default:
return errors.New("At least two arguments are necessary: list and image to add to list")
}
store, err := getStore(c)
if err != nil {
return err
}
systemContext, err := parse.SystemContextFromOptions(c)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "error building system context")
}
_, listImage, err := util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, listImageSpec)
if err != nil {
return err
}
ref, err := alltransports.ParseImageName(imageSpec)
if err != nil {
if ref, err = alltransports.ParseImageName(util.DefaultTransport + imageSpec); err != nil {
// check if the local image exists
if ref, _, err = util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, imageSpec); err != nil {
return err
}
}
}
_, list, err := manifests.LoadFromImage(store, listImage.ID)
if err != nil {
return err
}
digest, err := list.Add(getContext(), systemContext, ref, opts.all)
if err != nil {
var storeErr error
// check if the local image exists
if ref, _, storeErr = util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, imageSpec); storeErr != nil {
return err
}
digest, storeErr = list.Add(getContext(), systemContext, ref, opts.all)
if storeErr != nil {
return err
}
}
if opts.os != "" {
if err := list.SetOS(digest, opts.os); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if opts.osVersion != "" {
if err := list.SetOSVersion(digest, opts.osVersion); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if len(opts.osFeatures) != 0 {
if err := list.SetOSFeatures(digest, opts.osFeatures); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if opts.arch != "" {
if err := list.SetArchitecture(digest, opts.arch); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if opts.variant != "" {
if err := list.SetVariant(digest, opts.variant); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if len(opts.features) != 0 {
if err := list.SetFeatures(digest, opts.features); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if len(opts.annotations) != 0 {
annotations := make(map[string]string)
for _, annotationSpec := range opts.annotations {
spec := strings.SplitN(annotationSpec, "=", 2)
if len(spec) != 2 {
return errors.Errorf("no value given for annotation %q", spec[0])
}
annotations[spec[0]] = spec[1]
}
if err := list.SetAnnotations(&digest, annotations); err != nil {
return err
}
}
updatedListID, err := list.SaveToImage(store, listImage.ID, nil, "")
if err == nil {
fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", updatedListID, digest.String())
}
return err
}
func manifestRemoveCmd(c *cobra.Command, args []string, opts manifestRemoveOpts) error {
listImageSpec := ""
var instanceDigest digest.Digest
switch len(args) {
case 0, 1:
return errors.New("At least a list image and one or more instance digests must be specified")
case 2:
listImageSpec = args[0]
if listImageSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, args[0])
}
instanceSpec := args[1]
if instanceSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid instance "%s"`, args[1])
}
d, err := digest.Parse(instanceSpec)
if err != nil {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid instance "%s": %v`, args[1], err)
}
instanceDigest = d
default:
return errors.New("At least two arguments are necessary: list and digest of instance to remove from list")
}
store, err := getStore(c)
if err != nil {
return err
}
systemContext, err := parse.SystemContextFromOptions(c)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "error building system context")
}
_, listImage, err := util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, listImageSpec)
if err != nil {
return err
}
_, list, err := manifests.LoadFromImage(store, listImage.ID)
if err != nil {
return err
}
err = list.Remove(instanceDigest)
if err != nil {
return err
}
updatedListID, err := list.SaveToImage(store, listImage.ID, nil, "")
if err == nil {
fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", updatedListID, instanceDigest.String())
}
return nil
}
func manifestAnnotateCmd(c *cobra.Command, args []string, opts manifestAnnotateOpts) error {
listImageSpec := ""
imageSpec := ""
switch len(args) {
case 0:
return errors.New("At least a list image must be specified")
case 1:
listImageSpec = args[0]
if listImageSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, args[0])
}
case 2:
listImageSpec = args[0]
if listImageSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, args[0])
}
imageSpec = args[1]
if imageSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, args[1])
}
default:
return errors.New("At least two arguments are necessary: list and image to add to list")
}
store, err := getStore(c)
if err != nil {
return err
}
systemContext, err := parse.SystemContextFromOptions(c)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "error building system context")
}
_, listImage, err := util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, listImageSpec)
if err != nil {
return err
}
_, list, err := manifests.LoadFromImage(store, listImage.ID)
if err != nil {
return err
}
digest, err := digest.Parse(imageSpec)
if err != nil {
ctx := getContext()
ref, _, err := util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, imageSpec)
if err != nil {
return err
}
img, err := ref.NewImageSource(ctx, systemContext)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer img.Close()
manifestBytes, _, err := img.GetManifest(ctx, nil)
if err != nil {
return err
}
digest, err = manifest.Digest(manifestBytes)
if err != nil {
return err
}
}
if opts.os != "" {
if err := list.SetOS(digest, opts.os); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if opts.osVersion != "" {
if err := list.SetOSVersion(digest, opts.osVersion); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if len(opts.osFeatures) != 0 {
if err := list.SetOSFeatures(digest, opts.osFeatures); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if opts.arch != "" {
if err := list.SetArchitecture(digest, opts.arch); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if opts.variant != "" {
if err := list.SetVariant(digest, opts.variant); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if len(opts.features) != 0 {
if err := list.SetFeatures(digest, opts.features); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if len(opts.annotations) != 0 {
annotations := make(map[string]string)
for _, annotationSpec := range opts.annotations {
spec := strings.SplitN(annotationSpec, "=", 2)
if len(spec) != 2 {
return errors.Errorf("no value given for annotation %q", spec[0])
}
annotations[spec[0]] = spec[1]
}
if err := list.SetAnnotations(&digest, annotations); err != nil {
return err
}
}
updatedListID, err := list.SaveToImage(store, listImage.ID, nil, "")
if err == nil {
fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", updatedListID, digest.String())
}
return nil
}
func manifestInspectCmd(c *cobra.Command, args []string, opts manifestInspectOpts) error {
imageSpec := ""
switch len(args) {
case 0:
return errors.New("At least a source list ID must be specified")
case 1:
imageSpec = args[0]
if imageSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, imageSpec)
}
default:
return errors.New("Only one argument is necessary for inspect: an image name")
}
store, err := getStore(c)
if err != nil {
return err
}
systemContext, err := parse.SystemContextFromOptions(c)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "error building system context")
}
return manifestInspect(getContext(), store, systemContext, imageSpec)
}
func manifestInspect(ctx context.Context, store storage.Store, systemContext *types.SystemContext, imageSpec string) error {
refs, err := util.ResolveNameToReferences(store, systemContext, imageSpec)
if err != nil {
logrus.Debugf("error parsing reference to image %q: %v", imageSpec, err)
}
if ref, _, err := util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, imageSpec); err == nil {
refs = append(refs, ref)
} else if ref, err := alltransports.ParseImageName(imageSpec); err == nil {
refs = append(refs, ref)
}
if len(refs) == 0 {
return errors.Errorf("error locating images with names %v", imageSpec)
}
var (
latestErr error
result []byte
)
appendErr := func(e error) {
if latestErr == nil {
latestErr = e
} else {
latestErr = errors.Wrapf(latestErr, "tried %v\n", e)
}
}
for _, ref := range refs {
logrus.Debugf("Testing reference %q for possible manifest", transports.ImageName(ref))
src, err := ref.NewImageSource(ctx, systemContext)
if err != nil {
appendErr(errors.Wrapf(err, "reading image %q", transports.ImageName(ref)))
continue
}
defer src.Close()
manifestBytes, manifestType, err := src.GetManifest(ctx, nil)
if err != nil {
appendErr(errors.Wrapf(err, "loading manifest %q", transports.ImageName(ref)))
continue
}
if !manifest.MIMETypeIsMultiImage(manifestType) {
appendErr(errors.Errorf("manifest is of type %s (not a list type)", manifestType))
continue
}
result = manifestBytes
break
}
if len(result) == 0 && latestErr != nil {
return latestErr
}
var b bytes.Buffer
err = json.Indent(&b, result, "", " ")
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "error rendering manifest for display")
}
fmt.Printf("%s\n", b.String())
return nil
}
func manifestPushCmd(c *cobra.Command, args []string, opts pushOptions) error {
if err := auth.CheckAuthFile(opts.authfile); err != nil {
return err
}
listImageSpec := ""
destSpec := ""
switch len(args) {
case 0:
return errors.New("At least a source list ID must be specified")
case 1:
return errors.New("Two arguments are necessary to push: source and destination")
case 2:
listImageSpec = args[0]
destSpec = args[1]
if listImageSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, listImageSpec)
}
if destSpec == "" {
return errors.Errorf(`Invalid image name "%s"`, destSpec)
}
default:
return errors.New("Only two arguments are necessary to push: source and destination")
}
store, err := getStore(c)
if err != nil {
return err
}
systemContext, err := parse.SystemContextFromOptions(c)
if err != nil {
return errors.Wrapf(err, "error building system context")
}
return manifestPush(systemContext, store, listImageSpec, destSpec, opts)
}
func manifestPush(systemContext *types.SystemContext, store storage.Store, listImageSpec, destSpec string, opts pushOptions) error {
_, listImage, err := util.FindImage(store, "", systemContext, listImageSpec)
if err != nil {
return err
}
_, list, err := manifests.LoadFromImage(store, listImage.ID)
if err != nil {
return err
}
dest, err := alltransports.ParseImageName(destSpec)
if err != nil {
return err
}
var manifestType string
if opts.format != "" {
switch opts.format {
case "oci":
manifestType = imgspecv1.MediaTypeImageManifest
case "v2s2", "docker":
manifestType = manifest.DockerV2Schema2MediaType
default:
return errors.Errorf("unknown format %q. Choose on of the supported formats: 'oci' or 'v2s2'", opts.format)
}
}
options := manifests.PushOptions{
Store: store,
SystemContext: systemContext,
ImageListSelection: cp.CopySpecificImages,
Instances: nil,
RemoveSignatures: opts.removeSignatures,
SignBy: opts.signBy,
ManifestType: manifestType,
}
if opts.all {
options.ImageListSelection = cp.CopyAllImages
}
if !opts.quiet {
options.ReportWriter = os.Stderr
}
_, digest, err := list.Push(getContext(), dest, options)
if err == nil && opts.rm {
_, err = store.DeleteImage(listImage.ID, true)
}
if opts.digestfile != "" {
if err = ioutil.WriteFile(opts.digestfile, []byte(digest.String()), 0644); err != nil {
return util.GetFailureCause(err, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to write digest to file %q", opts.digestfile))
}
}
return err
}
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