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Program state
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<H3 CLASS="subsection"><A NAME="htoc227">7.23</A> Program state</H3><UL>
<LI><A HREF="gprolog046.html#toc183"><TT>consult/1</TT>,
<TT>'.'/2</TT> - program consult</A>
<LI><A HREF="gprolog046.html#toc184"><TT>load/1</TT></A>
<LI><A HREF="gprolog046.html#toc185"><TT>listing/1</TT>,
<TT>listing/0</TT></A>
</UL>
<A NAME="toc183"></A>
<H4 CLASS="subsubsection"><A NAME="htoc228">7.23.1</A> <TT>consult/1</TT>,
<TT>'.'/2</TT> - program consult</H4>
<A NAME="consult/1"></A>
<B>Templates</B>
<DL CLASS="list" COMPACT="compact"><DT CLASS="dt-list"><DD CLASS="dd-list"><TT>
consult(+atom_or_atom_list)<BR>
'.'(+atom, +atom_list)</TT></DL>
<B>Description</B><BR>
<BR>
<TT>consult(Files)</TT> compiles and loads into memory each file
of the list <TT>Files</TT>. Each file is compiled for byte-code using the
GNU Prolog compiler (section <A HREF="gprolog008.html#The-GNU-Prolog-compiler">3.4</A>) then loaded using
<TT>load/1</TT> (section <A HREF="#load/1">7.23.2</A>). It is possible to specify <TT>user</TT> as a
file name to directly enter the program from the terminal. <TT>Files</TT> can
be also a single file name (i.e. an atom). Refer to the section concerning
the consult of a Prolog program for more information
(section <A HREF="gprolog006.html#Consulting-a-Prolog-program">3.2.3</A>).<BR>
<BR>
The final file name of a file is computed using the predicates
<TT>prolog_file_name/2</TT> (section <A HREF="gprolog049.html#prolog-file-name/2">7.26.3</A>) and
<TT>absolute_file_name/2</TT> (section <A HREF="gprolog049.html#absolute-file-name/2">7.26.1</A>).<BR>
<BR>
<TT>[ File | Files ]</TT>, i.e. <TT>'.'(File, Files)</TT> is
equivalent to <TT>consult([ File | Files ])</TT>.<BR>
<BR>
<B>Errors</B><BR>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=0>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>Files</TT> is a partial list or a list with an element
<TT>E</TT> which is a variable</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>instantiation_error</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>Files</TT> is neither a partial list nor a list nor an atom</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>type_error(list, Files)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>an element <TT>E</TT> of the <TT>Files</TT> list is neither a
variable nor an atom</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>type_error(atom, E)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>an element <TT>E</TT> of the <TT>Files</TT> list is an atom but not
a valid pathname</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>domain_error(os_path, E)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>an element <TT>E</TT> of the <TT>Files</TT> list is a valid
pathname but does not correspond to an existing source</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>existence_error(source_sink, E)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>an error occurs executing a directive</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>see <TT>call/1</TT> errors (section <A HREF="gprolog022.html#call/1">6.2.3</A>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR></TABLE><BR>
<B>Portability</B><BR>
<BR>
GNU Prolog predicates.<BR>
<BR>
<A NAME="toc184"></A>
<H4 CLASS="subsubsection"><A NAME="htoc229">7.23.2</A> <TT>load/1</TT></H4>
<A NAME="load/1"></A>
<B>Templates</B>
<DL CLASS="list" COMPACT="compact"><DT CLASS="dt-list"><DD CLASS="dd-list"><TT>
load(+atom_or_atom_list)</TT></DL>
<B>Description</B><BR>
<BR>
<TT>load(Files)</TT> loads into memory each file of the list
<TT>Files</TT>. Each file must have been previously compiled for byte-code
using the GNU Prolog compiler (section <A HREF="gprolog008.html#The-GNU-Prolog-compiler">3.4</A>).
<TT>Files</TT> can be also a single file name (i.e. an atom).<BR>
<BR>
The final file name of a file is computed using the predicates
<TT>absolute_file_name/2</TT> (section <A HREF="gprolog049.html#absolute-file-name/2">7.26.1</A>). If no
suffix is given <TT>'.wbc'</TT> is appended to the file name.<BR>
<BR>
<B>Errors</B><BR>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=0>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>Files</TT> is a partial list or a list with an element
<TT>E</TT> which is a variable</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>instantiation_error</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>Files</TT> is neither a partial list nor a list nor an atom</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>type_error(list, Files)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>an element <TT>E</TT> of the <TT>Files</TT> list is neither a
variable nor an atom</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>type_error(atom, E)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>an element <TT>E</TT> of the <TT>Files</TT> list is an atom but not
a valid pathname</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>domain_error(os_path, E)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>an element <TT>E</TT> of the <TT>Files</TT> list is a valid
pathname but does not correspond to an existing source</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>existence_error(source_sink, E)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>an error occurs executing a directive</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left>see <TT>call/1</TT> errors (section <A HREF="gprolog022.html#call/1">6.2.3</A>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR></TABLE><BR>
<B>Portability</B><BR>
<BR>
GNU Prolog predicate.<BR>
<BR>
<A NAME="toc185"></A>
<H4 CLASS="subsubsection"><A NAME="htoc230">7.23.3</A> <TT>listing/1</TT>,
<TT>listing/0</TT></H4>
<A NAME="listing/1"></A>
<B>Templates</B>
<DL CLASS="list" COMPACT="compact"><DT CLASS="dt-list"><DD CLASS="dd-list"><TT>
listing(+predicate_indicator)<BR>
listing(+atom)<BR>
listing</TT></DL>
<B>Description</B><BR>
<BR>
<TT>listing(Pred)</TT> lists the clauses of the consulted predicate whose
predicate indicator is <TT>Pred</TT>. <TT>Pred</TT> can also be a single
atom in which case all predicates whose name is <TT>Pred</TT> are listed (of
any arity). This predicate uses <TT>portray_clause/2</TT>
(section <A HREF="gprolog037.html#portray-clause/2">7.14.8</A>) to output the clauses. <BR>
<BR>
<TT>listing</TT> lists all clauses of all consulted predicates.<BR>
<BR>
<B>Errors</B><BR>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=0>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>Pred</TT> is a variable</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>instantiation_error</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>Pred</TT> is neither a variable nor predicate indicator or an
atom</TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=center NOWRAP> </TD>
<TD VALIGN=top ALIGN=left><TT>type_error(predicate_indicator, Pred)</TT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD BGCOLOR=black COLSPAN=3><TABLE BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=1><TR><TD></TD></TR></TABLE></TD>
</TR></TABLE><BR>
<B>Portability</B><BR>
<BR>
GNU Prolog predicate.<BR>
<BR>
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Copyright (C) 1999-2007 Daniel Diaz
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