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<title>Miscellaneous (The GNU Troff Manual)</title>
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<div class="section-level-extent" id="Miscellaneous">
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<hr>
<h3 class="section" id="Miscellaneous-1">5.35 Miscellaneous</h3>
<p>We document here GNU <code class="code">troff</code> features that fit poorly elsewhere.
</p>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002enm"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.nm</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">start</i></span> [<span class="r"><i class="slanted">increment</i></span> [<span class="r"><i class="slanted">space</i></span> [<span class="r"><i class="slanted">indentation</i></span>]]]]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002enm'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-nm"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005bln_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[ln]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005bln_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ln"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002enm_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.nm]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002enm_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002enm-1"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-printing-line-numbers-_0028nm_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line-numbers_002c-printing-_0028nm_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-numbers_002c-line_002c-printing-_0028nm_0029"></a>
<p>Begin (or, with no arguments, cease) numbering output lines.
<var class="var">start</var> assigns the number of the <em class="emph">next</em> output line. Only
line numbers divisible by <var class="var">increment</var> are marked (default:
‘<samp class="samp">1</samp>’). <var class="var">space</var> configures the horizontal spacing between the
number and the text (default: ‘<samp class="samp">1</samp>’). Any given <var class="var">indentation</var> is
applied to the numbers (default: ‘<samp class="samp">0</samp>’). The third and fourth
arguments are reckoned in numeral widths (<code class="code">\0</code>). <var class="var">start</var> must
be non-negative and <var class="var">increment</var> positive.
</p>
<p>The formatter aligns the number to the right in a width of three numeral
spaces plus <var class="var">indentation</var>, then catenates <var class="var">space</var> and the output
line. The line length is <em class="emph">not</em> reduced. Depending on the value of
the page offset,<a class="footnote" id="DOCF117" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT117"><sup>117</sup></a> numbers wider than
the allocated space protrude into the left margin, or shift the output
line to the right.
</p>
<p>Line numbering parameters corresponding to missing arguments are not
altered. After numbering is disabled, ‘<samp class="samp">.nm +0</samp>’ resumes it using
the previously active parameters.
</p>
<p>The parameters of <code class="code">nm</code> are associated with the environment
(see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-output-line-number-register-_0028ln_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-line-number_002c-output_002c-register-_0028ln_0029"></a>
<p>While numbering is enabled, the output line number register <code class="code">ln</code> is
updated as each line is output, even if no line number is formatted with
it because it is being skipped (it is not a multiple of <var class="var">increment</var>)
or because numbering is suppressed (see the <code class="code">nn</code> request below).
</p>
<p>The <code class="code">.nm</code> register tracks the enablement status of numbering.
Temporary suspension of numbering with the <code class="code">nn</code> request does
<em class="emph">not</em> alter its value.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.po 5n
.ll 44n
Programming,
when stripped of all its circumstantial irrelevancies,
.nm 999 1 1 -4
boils down to no more and no less than
.nm +0 3
very effective thinking so as to avoid unmastered
.nn 2
complexity,
to very vigorous separation of your many
different concerns.
.br
\(em Edsger Dijkstra
.sp
.nm 1 1 1
This guy's arrogance takes your breath away.
.br
\(em John Backus
⇒ Programming, when stripped of all its cir-
⇒ 999 cumstantial irrelevancies, boils down to no
⇒ more and no less than very effective think-
⇒ ing so as to avoid unmastered complexity, to
⇒ very vigorous separation of your many dif-
⇒ ferent concerns.
⇒ 1002 -- Edsger Dijkstra
⇒
⇒ 1 This guy’s arrogance takes your breath away.
⇒ 2 -- John Backus
</pre></div></div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002enn"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.nn</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">skip</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002enn'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-nn"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005b_002enn_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[.nn]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005b_002enn_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-_002enn-1"></a>
<p>Suppress numbering of the next <var class="var">skip</var> output lines that would
otherwise be numbered. The default is 1. <code class="code">nn</code> can be invoked
when line numbering is not active; suppression of numbering will take
effect for <var class="var">skip</var> lines once <code class="code">nm</code> enables it.
</p>
<p>The <code class="code">.nn</code> register stores the count of output lines still to have
their numbering suppressed.
</p>
<p>This count is associated with the environment (see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p></dd></dl>
<p>To test whether the current output line will be numbered, you must check
both the <code class="code">.nm</code> and <code class="code">.nn</code> registers.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted"> .de is-numbered
. nop This line
. ie (\\n[.nm] & (1-\\n[.nn])) IS
. el ISN'T
. nop numbered.
. br
..
Test line numbering.
.is-numbered
.nm 1
.nn 1
.is-numbered
.is-numbered
.nm
.is-numbered
⇒ Test line numbering. This line ISN’T numbered.
⇒ This line ISN’T numbered.
⇒ 1 This line IS numbered.
⇒ This line ISN’T numbered.
</pre></div></div>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002emc"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.mc</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">[<span class="r"><i class="slanted">margin-character</i></span> [<span class="r"><i class="slanted">distance</i></span>]</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002emc'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-mc"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-margin-glyph-_0028mc_0029"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-glyph_002c-for-margins-_0028mc_0029"></a>
<p>Begin (or, with no arguments, cease) writing a <em class="dfn">margin-character</em> to
the right of each output line. The <var class="var">distance</var> argument separates
<var class="var">margin-character</var> from the right margin. If absent, the most
recent value is used; the default is 10 points. If an output line
exceeds the line length, the margin character is appended to it.
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-tl-request_002c-and-mc"></a>
No margin character is written on lines produced by the <code class="code">tl</code>
request.
</p>
<p>The margin character is a property of the output line; the margin
character last configured when the line is output controls. If the
margin character is disabled before an output line breaks, none is
output (but see below).
</p>
<p>The margin character is associated with the environment
(see <a class="pxref" href="Environments.html">Environments</a>).
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.ll 5i
.nf
.mc \[br]
This paragraph is marked with a margin character.
.sp
As seen above, vertical space isn't thus marked.
\&
An output line that is present, but empty, is.
⇒ This paragraph is marked with a margin character. |
⇒
⇒ As seen above, vertical space isn’t thus marked. |
⇒ |
⇒ An output line that is present, but empty, is. |
</pre></div></div>
</dd></dl>
<p>For compatibility with <abbr class="acronym">AT&T</abbr> <code class="code">troff</code>, a call to <code class="code">mc</code>
to set the margin character can’t be undone immediately; at least one
line gets a margin character.
</p>
<div class="example">
<div class="group"><pre class="example-preformatted">.ll 10n
.nf
.mc |
.mc *
.mc
foo
bar
⇒ foo *
⇒ bar
</pre></div></div>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-gdiffmk"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-nrchbar"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-changebar"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-diffmk"></a>
<p>The margin character mechanism is commonly used to annotate changes in
documents. The <code class="code">groff</code> distribution ships a program,
<code class="command">gdiffmk</code>, to assist with this task.<a class="footnote" id="DOCF118" href="groff.html_fot.html#FOOT118"><sup>118</sup></a>
</p>
<dl class="first-deffn">
<dt class="deffn" id="index-_002epsbb"><span class="category-def">Request: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">.psbb</code></strong> <var class="def-var-arguments">file</var><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_002epsbb'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-psbb"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005bllx_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[llx]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005bllx_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-llx"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005blly_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[lly]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005blly_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-lly"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005burx_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[urx]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005burx_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-urx"></a>
</dd><dt class="deffnx def-cmd-deffn" id="index-_005cn_005bury_005d"><span class="category-def">Register: </span><span><strong class="def-name"><code class="t">\n[ury]</code></strong><a class="copiable-link" href='#index-_005cn_005bury_005d'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><a class="index-entry-id" id="index-ury"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-PostScript_002c-bounding-box"></a>
<a class="index-entry-id" id="index-bounding-box"></a>
<p>Retrieve the bounding box of the PostScript image found in <var class="var">file</var>,
which must conform to Adobe’s <em class="dfn">Document Structuring Conventions</em>
(DSC), locate a <code class="code">%%BoundingBox</code> comment, and store the (upper-,
lower-, <span class="w-nolinebreak-text">-left</span><!-- /@w -->, <span class="w-nolinebreak-text">-right</span><!-- /@w -->) values into the registers <code class="code">llx</code>,
<code class="code">lly</code>, <code class="code">urx</code>, and <code class="code">ury</code>. If an error occurs (for
example, if no <code class="code">%%BoundingBox</code> comment is present), the formatter
sets these registers to 0.
</p>
<p>The search path for <var class="var">file</var> can be controlled with the <samp class="option">-I</samp>
command-line option.
</p></dd></dl>
</div>
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