1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
|
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Shared Libraries - GNU Scientific Library -- Reference Manual</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Scientific Library -- Reference Manual">
<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Using-the-library.html" title="Using the library">
<link rel="prev" href="Compiling-and-Linking.html" title="Compiling and Linking">
<link rel="next" href="ANSI-C-Compliance.html" title="ANSI C Compliance">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 The GSL Team.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
Invariant Sections being ``GNU General Public License'' and ``Free Software
Needs Free Documentation'', the Front-Cover text being ``A GNU Manual'',
and with the Back-Cover Text being (a) (see below). A copy of the
license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation
License''.
(a) The Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify this
GNU Manual, like GNU software.''-->
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
<style type="text/css"><!--
pre.display { font-family:inherit }
pre.format { font-family:inherit }
pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller }
pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller }
span.sc { font-variant:small-caps }
span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; }
span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; }
--></style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="node">
<p>
<a name="Shared-Libraries"></a>
Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="ANSI-C-Compliance.html">ANSI C Compliance</a>,
Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Compiling-and-Linking.html">Compiling and Linking</a>,
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Using-the-library.html">Using the library</a>
<hr>
</div>
<h3 class="section">2.3 Shared Libraries</h3>
<p><a name="index-shared-libraries-32"></a><a name="index-libraries_002c-shared-33"></a><a name="index-LD_005fLIBRARY_005fPATH-34"></a>To run a program linked with the shared version of the library the
operating system must be able to locate the corresponding <samp><span class="file">.so</span></samp>
file at runtime. If the library cannot be found, the following error
will occur:
<pre class="example"> $ ./a.out
./a.out: error while loading shared libraries:
libgsl.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such
file or directory
</pre>
<p class="noindent">To avoid this error, define the shell variable <code>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code> to
include the directory where the library is installed.
<p>For example, in the Bourne shell (<code>/bin/sh</code> or <code>/bin/bash</code>),
the library search path can be set with the following commands:
<pre class="example"> $ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$ ./example
</pre>
<p class="noindent">In the C-shell (<code>/bin/csh</code> or <code>/bin/tcsh</code>) the equivalent
command is,
<pre class="example"> % setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
</pre>
<p class="noindent">The standard prompt for the C-shell in the example above is the percent
character `<samp><span class="samp">%</span></samp>', and should not be typed as part of the command.
<p>To save retyping these commands each session they should be placed in an
individual or system-wide login file.
<p>To compile a statically linked version of the program, use the
<code>-static</code> flag in <code>gcc</code>,
<pre class="example"> $ gcc -static example.o -lgsl -lgslcblas -lm
</pre>
<hr>The GNU Scientific Library - a free numerical library licensed under the GNU GPL<br>Back to the <a href="/software/gsl/">GNU Scientific Library Homepage</a></body></html>
|
