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<a name="Gamma-Functions"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="Factorials.html#Factorials" accesskey="n" rel="next">Factorials</a>, Up: <a href="Gamma-and-Beta-Functions.html#Gamma-and-Beta-Functions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Gamma and Beta Functions</a> [<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
<hr>
<a name="Gamma-Functions-1"></a>
<h4 class="subsection">7.19.1 Gamma Functions</h4>
<a name="index-gamma-functions"></a>
<p>The Gamma function is defined by the following integral,
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">\Gamma(x) = \int_0^\infty dt t^{x-1} \exp(-t)
</pre></div>
<p>It is related to the factorial function by <em>\Gamma(n)=(n-1)!</em>
for positive integer <em>n</em>. Further information on the Gamma function
can be found in Abramowitz & Stegun, Chapter 6.
</p>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005fgamma"></a>Function: <em>double</em> <strong>gsl_sf_gamma</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>)</em></dt>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005fgamma_005fe"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gsl_sf_gamma_e</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>, gsl_sf_result * <var>result</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><p>These routines compute the Gamma function <em>\Gamma(x)</em>, subject to <em>x</em>
not being a negative integer or zero. The function is computed using the real
Lanczos method. The maximum value of <em>x</em> such that <em>\Gamma(x)</em> is not
considered an overflow is given by the macro <code>GSL_SF_GAMMA_XMAX</code>
and is 171.0.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005flngamma"></a>Function: <em>double</em> <strong>gsl_sf_lngamma</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>)</em></dt>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005flngamma_005fe"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gsl_sf_lngamma_e</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>, gsl_sf_result * <var>result</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><a name="index-logarithm-of-Gamma-function"></a>
<p>These routines compute the logarithm of the Gamma function,
<em>\log(\Gamma(x))</em>, subject to <em>x</em> not being a negative
integer or zero. For <em>x<0</em> the real part of <em>\log(\Gamma(x))</em> is
returned, which is equivalent to <em>\log(|\Gamma(x)|)</em>. The function
is computed using the real Lanczos method.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005flngamma_005fsgn_005fe"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gsl_sf_lngamma_sgn_e</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>, gsl_sf_result * <var>result_lg</var>, double * <var>sgn</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><p>This routine computes the sign of the gamma function and the logarithm of
its magnitude, subject to <em>x</em> not being a negative integer or zero. The
function is computed using the real Lanczos method. The value of the
gamma function and its error can be reconstructed using the relation
<em>\Gamma(x) = sgn * \exp(result\_lg)</em>, taking into account the two
components of <var>result_lg</var>.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005fgammastar"></a>Function: <em>double</em> <strong>gsl_sf_gammastar</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>)</em></dt>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005fgammastar_005fe"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gsl_sf_gammastar_e</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>, gsl_sf_result * <var>result</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><a name="index-Regulated-Gamma-function"></a>
<p>These routines compute the regulated Gamma Function <em>\Gamma^*(x)</em>
for <em>x > 0</em>. The regulated gamma function is given by,
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">\Gamma^*(x) = \Gamma(x)/(\sqrt{2\pi} x^{(x-1/2)} \exp(-x))
= (1 + (1/12x) + ...) for x \to \infty
</pre></div>
<p>and is a useful suggestion of Temme.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005fgammainv"></a>Function: <em>double</em> <strong>gsl_sf_gammainv</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>)</em></dt>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005fgammainv_005fe"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gsl_sf_gammainv_e</strong> <em>(double <var>x</var>, gsl_sf_result * <var>result</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><a name="index-Reciprocal-Gamma-function"></a>
<p>These routines compute the reciprocal of the gamma function,
<em>1/\Gamma(x)</em> using the real Lanczos method.
</p></dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><a name="index-gsl_005fsf_005flngamma_005fcomplex_005fe"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gsl_sf_lngamma_complex_e</strong> <em>(double <var>zr</var>, double <var>zi</var>, gsl_sf_result * <var>lnr</var>, gsl_sf_result * <var>arg</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><a name="index-Complex-Gamma-function"></a>
<p>This routine computes <em>\log(\Gamma(z))</em> for complex <em>z=z_r+i
z_i</em> and <em>z</em> not a negative integer or zero, using the complex Lanczos
method. The returned parameters are <em>lnr = \log|\Gamma(z)|</em> and
<em>arg = \arg(\Gamma(z))</em> in <em>(-\pi,\pi]</em>. Note that the phase
part (<var>arg</var>) is not well-determined when <em>|z|</em> is very large,
due to inevitable roundoff in restricting to <em>(-\pi,\pi]</em>. This
will result in a <code>GSL_ELOSS</code> error when it occurs. The absolute
value part (<var>lnr</var>), however, never suffers from loss of precision.
</p></dd></dl>
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<div class="header">
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Next: <a href="Factorials.html#Factorials" accesskey="n" rel="next">Factorials</a>, Up: <a href="Gamma-and-Beta-Functions.html#Gamma-and-Beta-Functions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Gamma and Beta Functions</a> [<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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