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<h1 class="settitle" align="center">GNU Scientific Library &ndash; Reference Manual</h1>










<a name="Top"></a>
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<a name="GSL"></a>
<h1 class="top">GSL</h1>

<p>This file documents the <i>GNU Scientific Library</i> (GSL), a collection of numerical
routines for scientific computing.  It corresponds to release
2.3 of the library.  Please report any errors in this
manual to <a href="mailto:bug-gsl@gnu.org">bug-gsl@gnu.org</a>.
</p>
<p>More information about GSL can be found at the project homepage,
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/">http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/</a>.
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<p>Printed copies of this manual can be purchased from Network Theory Ltd
at <a href="http://www.network-theory.co.uk/gsl/manual/">http://www.network-theory.co.uk/gsl/manual/</a>. The money
raised from sales of the manual helps support the development of GSL.
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<p>A Japanese translation of this manual is available from the GSL
project homepage thanks to Daisuke Tominaga.
</p>
<p>Copyright &copy; 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 The GSL Team.
</p>
<p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
Invariant Sections being &ldquo;GNU General Public License&rdquo; and &ldquo;Free Software
Needs Free Documentation&rdquo;, the Front-Cover text being &ldquo;A GNU Manual&rdquo;,
and with the Back-Cover Text being (a) (see below). A copy of the
license is included in the section entitled &ldquo;GNU Free Documentation
License&rdquo;.
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<p>(a) The Back-Cover Text is: &ldquo;You have the freedom to copy and modify this
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Introduction.html#Introduction" accesskey="1">Introduction</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Using-the-library.html#Using-the-library" accesskey="2">Using the library</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Error-Handling.html#Error-Handling" accesskey="3">Error Handling</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Mathematical-Functions.html#Mathematical-Functions" accesskey="4">Mathematical Functions</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Complex-Numbers.html#Complex-Numbers" accesskey="5">Complex Numbers</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Polynomials.html#Polynomials" accesskey="6">Polynomials</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Special-Functions.html#Special-Functions" accesskey="7">Special Functions</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="One-dimensional-Root_002dFinding.html#One-dimensional-Root_002dFinding">One dimensional Root-Finding</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="One-dimensional-Minimization.html#One-dimensional-Minimization">One dimensional Minimization</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Least_002dSquares-Fitting.html#Least_002dSquares-Fitting">Least-Squares Fitting</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Nonlinear-Least_002dSquares-Fitting.html#Nonlinear-Least_002dSquares-Fitting">Nonlinear Least-Squares Fitting</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Basis-Splines.html#Basis-Splines">Basis Splines</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Sparse-Matrices.html#Sparse-Matrices">Sparse Matrices</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Sparse-BLAS-Support.html#Sparse-BLAS-Support">Sparse BLAS Support</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Sparse-Linear-Algebra.html#Sparse-Linear-Algebra">Sparse Linear Algebra</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="IEEE-floating_002dpoint-arithmetic.html#IEEE-floating_002dpoint-arithmetic">IEEE floating-point arithmetic</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Debugging-Numerical-Programs.html#Debugging-Numerical-Programs">Debugging Numerical Programs</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Contributors-to-GSL.html#Contributors-to-GSL">Contributors to GSL</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Autoconf-Macros.html#Autoconf-Macros">Autoconf Macros</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="GSL-CBLAS-Library.html#GSL-CBLAS-Library">GSL CBLAS Library</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="GNU-General-Public-License.html#GNU-General-Public-License">GNU General Public License</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html#GNU-Free-Documentation-License">GNU Free Documentation License</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index">Function Index</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Type-Index.html#Type-Index">Type Index</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">&bull; <a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index">Concept Index</a>:</td><td>&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
</table>

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