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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title">
<a name="changes-gtkmm4"></a>Chapter 5. Changes in <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-4.0 and <span class="application">glibmm-2.68</span>
</h1></div></div></div>
<div class="toc">
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
<ul class="toc"><li><span class="section"><a href="changes-gtkmm4.html#sec-deprecations-4-10">Deprecations in <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4.10</a></span></li></ul>
</div>
<p><span class="application">gtkmm</span>-4.0 is a new version of the <span class="application">gtkmm</span> API that installs in parallel with the
older <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-2.4 and <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 APIs. The last version of the <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 API
is <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 3.24. <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4 has no major fundamental differences to <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 3 but
does make several changes (both small and large ones) that were not possible while
maintaining binary compatibility. If you never used the <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 API then you
can safely ignore this chapter.
</p>
<p><span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4's library is called <code class="literal">libgtkmm-4.0</code> rather than
<code class="literal">libgtkmm-3.0</code> and installs its headers in a similarly-versioned
directory, so your <span class="application">pkg-config</span> check should ask for
<code class="literal">gtkmm-4.0</code> rather than <code class="literal">gtkmm-3.0</code>.
</p>
<p><span class="application">gtkmm</span>-4.0 is used in combination with <span class="application">glibmm-2.68</span>,
which sets the global locale for your program. The older <span class="application">glibmm-2.4</span>
does not do that, and <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 does it only to some extent. What this means is
briefly that if your <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 program contains a call to
<code class="function">std::locale::global(std::locale(""))</code>, you can probably remove it.
If you don't want <span class="application">glibmm</span> or <span class="application">gtkmm</span>
to set the global locale for you, you should add a call to
<code class="function">Glib::set_init_to_users_preferred_locale(false)</code> before any call to
<code class="function">Glib::init()</code> or <code class="methodname">Gtk::Application::create()</code>.
See the <span class="application">glibmm</span> <a class="ulink" href="https://gnome.pages.gitlab.gnome.org/glibmm/namespaceGlib.html" target="_top">
reference</a>.</p>
<p>There are lots and lots of differences between <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 and <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-4.0.
The following lists are not complete.</p>
<p>There are some important behavioural changes, to which you must adapt when migrating:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">
Whereas in <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0, destruction of a non-managed C++ widget wrapper caused the wrapped GtkWidget
to be destroyed, changes in GTK4 mean that in <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-4.0 this canʼt always be the case. GTK4 has no
uniform way to remove a widget from a parent, as GTK3 did with <code class="methodname">Gtk::Container::remove()</code>,
so <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-4.0 canʼt do the removal for you as <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 did. Hence, if a non-managed C++ widget
instance is destructed while the widget is a child of another, <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-4.0 wonʼt remove it from the
parent, the parent retains a ref that stops the child being disposed, and the GtkWidget stays alive.
The end result is that to destroy a non-managed widget with its C++ wrapper you must first remove it
from its parent (however that parent allows) so the C++ wrapperʼs dtor can drop the final reference.
</li></ul></div>
<p>
</p>
<p>Some new classes were added in <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4 and <span class="application">glibmm</span> 2.68:</p>
<div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Glib::ExtraClassInit</code> and <code class="classname">Gtk::Snapshot</code>:
These classes are needed only for writing custom widgets. See the
<a class="link" href="sec-custom-widgets.html" title="Custom Widgets">Custom Widgets</a> section.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::EventControllerKey</code>,
<code class="classname">Gtk::EventControllerMotion</code>, <code class="classname">Gtk::EventControllerScroll</code>
and <code class="classname">Gtk::GestureStylus</code>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gdk::Paintable</code>, <code class="classname">Gdk::Texture</code>,
<code class="classname">Gtk::Picture</code> and <code class="classname">Gtk::WidgetPaintable</code>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gdk::Window</code> has been renamed to <code class="classname">Gdk::Surface</code>.
(<code class="classname">Gtk::Window</code> keeps its name.)</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gdk::DrawContext</code> and <code class="classname">Gdk::CairoContext</code>
are new. <code class="classname">Gdk::DrawingContext</code> has been removed.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::Clipboard</code> has been replaced by the new
<code class="classname">Gdk::Clipboard</code>.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gdk::DragContext</code> has been split into
<code class="classname">Gdk::Drag</code> and <code class="classname">Gdk::Drop</code>.</li>
</ol></div>
<p>There have also been several changes to the API, which you will probably encounter
when porting code that used <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 and <span class="application">glibmm</span>-2.4. Here is a short list:</p>
<p>
</p>
<div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
<li class="listitem">A C++17 compiler is required.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::Button</code>, <code class="classname">Gtk::ToolButton</code>,
<code class="classname">Gtk::MenuItem</code> and <code class="classname">Gtk::Switch</code>
implement the <code class="classname">Gtk::Actionable</code> interface instead of the removed
<code class="classname">Gtk::Activatable</code> interface.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::FontButton</code> implements the <code class="classname">Gtk::FontChooser</code> interface.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::Widget</code>: The <code class="methodname">get_preferred_*_vfunc()</code>s
have been replaced by <code class="methodname">measure_vfunc()</code>. This change only affects
custom widgets.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">sigc::slot</code>s use the <code class="classname">sigc::slot<R(Args...)></code> syntax.
Example: <code class="classname">sigc::slot<void(int, int)></code> instead of <code class="classname">sigc::slot<void, int, int></code>.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::DrawingArea</code> uses a draw function instead of the draw signal.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Glib::ArrayHandle</code>, <code class="classname">Glib::StringArrayHandle</code>,
<code class="classname">Glib::ListHandle</code> and <code class="classname">Glib::SListHandle</code> have been removed.
They were used in <span class="application">glibmm</span>-2.4, but not used in <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0.
If you've ever used these classes, replace them with a standard C++ container, such as <code class="classname">std::vector</code>.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::Container</code> has been removed.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="methodname">Gtk::Widget::show_all()</code> has been removed. The default value
of <code class="methodname">Gtk::Widget::property_visible()</code> has been changed from
<code class="literal">false</code> to <code class="literal">true</code>.</li>
<li class="listitem">All event signals have been removed from <code class="classname">Gtk::Widget</code>.
In most cases you can use one of the subclasses of <code class="classname">Gtk::EventController</code>
as a replacement. For instance, use <code class="classname">Gtk::GestureMultiPress</code>
instead of <code class="methodname">signal_button_press_event()</code> and
<code class="methodname">signal_button_release_event()</code>, and <code class="classname">Gtk::EventControllerKey</code>
instead of <code class="methodname">signal_key_press_event()</code> and
<code class="methodname">signal_key_release_event()</code>.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Glib::RefPtr</code> is an alias for <code class="classname">std::shared_ptr</code>.
If you make your own <code class="classname">Glib::ObjectBase</code>-derived classes with
<code class="methodname">create()</code> methods that return a <code class="classname">Glib::RefPtr</code>,
you must use <code class="methodname">Glib::make_refptr_for_instance()</code> in your
<code class="methodname">create()</code> methods.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="methodname">Gtk::Box::pack_start()</code> and <code class="methodname">Gtk::Box::pack_end()</code>
have been removed. Use the new <code class="classname">Gtk::Box</code> methods
<code class="methodname">append()</code>, <code class="methodname">prepend()</code>,
<code class="methodname">insert_child_after()</code> and <code class="methodname">insert_child_at_start()</code>.
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::ButtonBox</code> has been removed.</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="classname">Gtk::RadioButton</code> and <code class="classname">Gtk::RadioButtonGroup</code>
have been removed. Use <code class="classname">Gtk::CheckButton</code> or <code class="classname">Gtk::ToggleButton</code>
with <code class="methodname">set_group()</code>.</li>
</ol></div>
<p>
</p>
<p>All deprecated API was removed in <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4.0 and <span class="application">glibmm</span> 2.68,
though there will be new deprecations in future versions.</p>
<p>As a first step to porting your source code to <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-4.0 you should probably ensure
that your application builds with the deprecated <span class="application">gtkmm</span>-3.0 and <span class="application">glibmm-2.4</span>
API disabled, by defining the macros GTKMM_DISABLE_DEPRECATED, GDKMM_DISABLE_DEPRECATED,
GLIBMM_DISABLE_DEPRECATED and GIOMM_DISABLE_DEPRECATED. There are some autotools macros
that can help with this by defining them optionally at build time. See the
<a class="ulink" href="https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/gtkmm/PortingToGtkmm3" target="_top">Porting from
gtkmm-2.4 to gtkmm-3.0</a> wiki page for more details.</p>
<p>See also <a class="ulink" href="https://docs.gtk.org/gtk4/migrating-3to4.html" target="_top">
Migrating from GTK 3.x to GTK 4</a>.</p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="sec-deprecations-4-10"></a>Deprecations in <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4.10</h2></div></div></div>
<p>Many classes are deprecated since <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4.10. They can still be used in
<span class="application">gtkmm</span>4 applications, provided GTKMM_DISABLE_DEPRECATED and GDKMM_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
are not defined. There are also many new classes in <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4.10, which replace
some of the deprecated classes. Some example programs in this tutorial use classes
deprecated since <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4.10. Some other programs use classes available since <span class="application">gtkmm</span> 4.10.
</p>
<p>Deprecated classes:
AppChooser, AppChooserButton, AppChooserDialog,
AppChooserWidget, CellArea, CellAreaBox, CellAreaContext,
CellLayout, CellRenderer, CellRendererAccel, CellRendererCombo,
CellRendererPixbuf, CellRendererProgress, CellRendererSpin,
CellRendererSpinner, CellRendererText, CellRendererToggle, CellView,
ComboBox, ComboBoxText, EntryCompletion, IconView, ListStore,
ListViewText, StyleContext, TreeDragDest, TreeDragSource,
TreeIter and other classes in treeiter.h,
TreeModel, TreeModelFilter, TreeModelSort, TreePath, TreeRowReference,
TreeSelection, TreeSortable, TreeStore, TreeView, TreeViewColumn,
namespace CellRenderer_Generation, namespace TreeView_Private,
ColorButton, ColorChooser, ColorChooserDialog,
FileChooser, FileChooserDialog, FileChooserNative, FileChooserWidget,
FontButton, FontChooser, FontChooserDialog, FontChooserWidget,
MessageDialog, TreeModelColumn, TreeModelColumnRecord, InfoBar,
Assistant, AssistantPage, LockButton, Statusbar, VolumeButton.
</p>
<p>New classes and enums:
AlertDialog, ColorDialog, ColorDialogButton, ColumnViewSorter, FileDialog,
FontDialog, FontDialogButton, FileLauncher, UriLauncher, ATContext,
enums DialogError, FontLevel, Collation.
</p>
<p>In most cases there are replacements for the deprecated classes.
See the reference documentation.
</p>
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