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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<title>GXemul: Configuration files</title>
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<h1>GXemul: Configuration files</h1>
<p>
<a href="./">Back to the index.</a>
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<p><br>
<ul>
<li><a href="#intro">Introduction</a>
<li><a href="#config">Configuration file syntax</a>
<li><a href="#minimal">A minimal example</a>
</ul>
<p><br>
<a name="intro"></a>
<h3>Introduction:</h3>
<p>GXemul can be started by entering machine settings directly on the command
line, or by reading a configuration file (a "configuration script").
<p>Configuration files in GXemul are useful/necessary for three reasons:
<p><ol>
<li>It can be difficult to remember long command lines with
lots of options.
<li>Some settings cannot be fully controlled on the command line. They can
only be set using configuration files.
<li>Complex setups of multiple machines, or complex network setups,
are not supported on the command line.
</ol>
<p>
Note that from a performance perspective, it is best to just have one
machine per configuration file, and run several GXemul instances concurrently
(with one machine per instance). The two advantages to having more than one
machine in a single configuration file are:
<ul>
<li>the network <tt>net ( )</tt> is trivially shared between the
specified machines, and
<li>breaking into the debugger will freeze all machines simultaneously.
</ul>
<p><br>
<a name="config"></a>
<h3>Configuration file syntax:</h3>
<p>Configuration files are simple text files. I don't have time to write
down a formal syntax right now, so I hope that conveying the syntax
through an example is good enough:
<p>
<table border="0"><tr><td width="40"> </td><td>
<pre>
<font color="#2020cf">! This is an example configuration file for GXemul.
! Anything following an exclamation mark (and also the exclamation
! mark itself) is ignored.
!
! Almost all settings are optional.</font>
<b>name(<font color="#ff003f">"my test emul"</font>)</b> <font color="#2020cf">! Optional name of this emulation</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! This creates an ethernet network:</font>
<b>net(</b>
<b>ipv4net(<font color="#ff003f">"10.2.0.0"</font>)</b> <font color="#2020cf">! The default is 10.0.0.0/8, but</font>
<b>ipv4len(16)</b> <font color="#2020cf">! it can be overridden like this.</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! local_port(12345)</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! add_remote("localhost:12346")</font>
<b>)</b>
<font color="#2020cf">! This creates a machine:</font>
<b>machine(</b>
<b>name(<font color="#ff003f">"My test machine"</font>)</b>
<font color="#2020cf">! serial_nr(123) ! Useful when emulating multiple machines</font>
<font color="#2020cf"> ! on multiple hosts, and they need to have</font>
<font color="#2020cf"> ! unique MAC addresses, etc.</font>
<b>type(<font color="#ff003f">"dec"</font>)</b> <font color="#2020cf">! This is actually not optional</font>
<b>subtype(<font color="#ff003f">"5000/200"</font>)</b>
<b>cpu(<font color="#ff003f">"R3000"</font>)</b> <font color="#2020cf">! Normally set implicitly to a reasonable</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! value, depending on <i>type</i> and <i>subtype</i></font>
<font color="#2020cf">! ncpus(4)</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! use_random_bootstrap_cpu(yes)</font>
<b>memory(128)</b> <font color="#2020cf">! 128 MB memory. This overrides</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! the default amount of memory for</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! this machine type.</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! random_mem_contents(yes)</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! prom_emulation(no)</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! byte_order(big) ! Normally set implicitly (because</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! of <i>type</i> and <i>subtype</i>, or decided</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! from the file loaded with <i>load</i></font>
<b>load(<font color="#ff003f">"netbsd-INSTALL"</font>)</b>
<b>bootname(<font color="#ff003f">"netbsd"</font>)</b>
<b>bootarg(<font color="#ff003f">"-a"</font>)</b>
<font color="#2020cf">! n_gfx_cards(2) ! for DECstation dual/tripple-head</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! emulated_hz(10000000) ! for setting the emulated clock speed (mostly fake)</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! add_x11_display("otherbox:0") ! for dual/tripple-head etc</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! add_x11_display("thisbox:0")</font>
<font color="#2020cf">{
Devices can be added like this:
device("ns16550 addr=0x18000800 addr_mult=4")
The name comes first, followed by optional parameters.
Remember to use 0x for hexadecimal values.
}</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! force_netboot(yes)</font>
<font color="#2020cf">! start_paused(yes)</font>
<b>disk(<font color="#ff003f">"nbsd.img"</font>)</b>
<b>disk(<font color="#ff003f">"6c:cdrom.iso"</font>)</b>
<b>use_x11(yes)</b>
<b>x11_scaledown(2)</b>
<font color="#2020cf">! slow_serial_interrupts_hack_for_linux(yes)</font>
<font color="#2020cf">{
Long comments spanning multiple lines should be surrounded
with tuborg parentheses.
{ Long comments can be nested. }
<!--
<b><i>... TODO ...
-i display each instruction as it is executed
-J disable some speed tricks
-m nr run at most nr instructions (on any cpu)
-N display nr of instructions/second average, at regular intervals
-p pc add a breakpoint (remember to use the '0x' prefix for hex!)
-r register dumps before every instruction
-t show function trace tree
</i></b>-->
}</font>
<b>)</b>
<font color="#2020cf">! Multiple machine definitions are allowed.</font>
<b>machine(</b>
<b>name(<font color="#ff003f">"another machine"</font>)</b>
<b>type(<font color="#ff003f">"hpcmips"</font>)</b>
<b>subtype(<font color="#ff003f">"be300"</font>)</b>
<i>...</i>
<b>)</b>
</pre>
</td></tr></table>
<p>
Starting the emulator with a configuration file is as simple as
<pre>
$ <b>gxemul @myconfig</b>
</pre>
<p>if <b>myconfig</b> is the name of the configuration file.
<p><br>
<a name="minimal"></a>
<h3>A minimal example:</h3>
<p>Here is an example of what a minimal configuration file might look like:
<p><table border="0"><tr><td width="40"> </td><td><pre>
<b>machine(</b>
<b>subtype(<font color="#ff003f">"3max"</font>)</b>
<b>load(<font color="#ff003f">"netbsd-pmax-INSTALL-2.0"</font>)</b>
<b>)</b>
</pre>
</td></tr></table>
<p>For most machine types, <tt>type</tt> is needed. If only
<tt>subtype</tt> is specified, and the name is unique (i.e. there is only
one major type which has such a subtype), then the <tt>type</tt> can be
omitted. Also, adding a <tt>net</tt> is quite useful, especially for
netbooting kernels.
</p>
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