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<body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Debugging i3: How To</h1>
<span id="author">Michael Stapelberg</span><br />
<span id="email"><code>&lt;<a href="mailto:michael@i3wm.org">michael@i3wm.org</a>&gt;</code></span><br />
<span id="revdate">January 2014</span>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>This document describes how to debug i3 to send us useful bug
reports, even if you have no knowledge of C programming.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Thank you for being interested in debugging i3. It really means
something to us to get your bug fixed. If you have any questions about the
process and/or need further help, do not hesitate to contact us!</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_verify_you_are_using_i3_4_10">1. Verify you are using i3 ≥ 4.10</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Only the latest major version of i3 is supported. To verify which version
you are running, use:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ i3 --moreversion 2&gt;&amp;- || i3 --version
Binary i3 version:  4.7 (2013-12-22, branch "tags/4.7")
Running i3 version: 4.7-84-gac74a63 (2014-01-01, branch "next") (pid 1995)</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Your version can look like this:</p></div>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
4.7 (release version)
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
You are using a release version. In many cases, bugs are already
fixed in the development version of i3. Even if the bug is not a known fixed
one, we will still ask you to reproduce your error with the most recent
development version of i3. Therefore, please upgrade to a development version
if you can.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
4.7-85-g9c15b95 (development version)
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Your version is 85 commits newer than 4.7, and the git revision of your
version is <code>9c15b95</code>. Go to <a href="http://code.i3wm.org/i3/commit/?h=next">http://code.i3wm.org/i3/commit/?h=next</a> and see if
the line "commit" starts with the same revision. If so, you are using the
latest version.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Development versions of i3 have logging enabled by default and are compiled
with debug symbols.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_enabling_logging">2. Enabling logging</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you are using a development version (see previous section), you don’t need
to do anything&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;skip to section 3.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you are using a release version with a custom <code>~/.xsession</code> (or xinitrc)
file, execute i3 with a line like this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code># Use 25 MiB of RAM for debug logs
exec i3 --shmlog-size=26214400</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you are <strong>NOT</strong> using an <code>~/.xsession</code> file but you just chose "i3" from the
list of sessions in your desktop manager (gdm, lxdm, …), edit
<code>/usr/share/xsessions/i3.desktop</code> and replace the <code>Exec=i3</code> line with:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>Exec=i3 --shmlog-size=26214400</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you cannot restart i3 for some reason, you can enable debug logging on the
fly:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>i3-msg 'debuglog on; shmlog on; reload'</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_reproducing_the_problem">3. Reproducing the problem</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Before submitting an issue, please make sure to close down on the problem as
much as you can yourself. Here are some steps you should consider:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Find a deterministic, reliable way to reproduce the problem and provide it
  with your bug report.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Try using the default i3 config to reproduce the problem. If the issue does
  not appear with the default config, gradually adapt it to track down what
  change(s) to the config introduce the problem.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Reproduce the problem with a minimal setup, i.e., only use as few applications,
  windows and steps as necessary.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
In addition, try to stick to applications that are common and, even more
  importantly, free / open source.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Before obtaining the log file, restart i3 in-place, execute the steps to
  reproduce the problem and then save the logs. This keeps the log file as
  small as possible and necessary.
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Please be aware that we cannot support compatibility issues with closed-source
software, as digging into compatibility problems without having access to the
source code is too time-consuming. Additionally, experience has shown that
often, the software in question is responsible for the issue. Please raise an
issue with the software in question, not i3.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_obtaining_the_debug_logfile">4. Obtaining the debug logfile</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="admonitionblock">
<table><tr>
<td class="icon">
<div class="title">Caution</div>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Logs may contain sensitive information, so please inspect the log before
submitting it. Logs may be viewed by anyone, once posted. If you choose to
redact the log, make an effort not to discard information which may be relevant
to the issue you are reporting.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The best way to avoid submitting such information is to only run the necessary
steps to reproduce the behavior when saving the log file. This will also make
analyzing the log file easier.</p></div>
</td>
</tr></table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>No matter whether i3 misbehaved in some way without crashing or whether it just
crashed, the logfile provides all information necessary to debug the problem.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To upload a compressed version of the logfile (for a bugreport), use:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>DISPLAY=:0 i3-dump-log | bzip2 -c | curl --data-binary @- http://logs.i3wm.org</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This command does not depend on i3 (it also works while i3 displays
the crash dialog), but it requires a working X11 connection.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After running it, you will get a URL to the logfile. Please include that URL in
your bug report.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_on_crashes_obtaining_a_backtrace">5. On crashes: Obtaining a backtrace</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>When i3 crashes, it will display a dialog stating “i3 just crashed”, offering
you to save a backtrace to a text file.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To actually get useful backtraces, you should make sure that your version of i3
is compiled with debug symbols:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ file `which i3`
/usr/bin/i3: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically
linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.18, not stripped</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Notice the <code>not stripped</code>, which is the important part. If you have a version
which is stripped, please check whether your distribution provides debug
symbols (package <code>i3-wm-dbg</code> on Debian for example) or if you can turn off
stripping. If nothing helps, please build i3 from source.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Once you have made sure that your i3 is compiled with debug symbols and the C
debugger <code>gdb</code> is installed on your machine, you can let i3 generate a
backtrace in the crash dialog.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>After pressing "b" in the crash dialog, you will get a file called
<code>/tmp/i3-backtrace.%d.%d.txt</code> where the first <code>%d</code> is replaced by i3’s process
id (PID) and the second one is incremented each time you generate a backtrace,
starting at 0.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_sending_bug_reports_debugging_on_irc">6. Sending bug reports/debugging on IRC</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>When sending bug reports, please attach the <strong>whole</strong> log file. Even if you think
you found the section which clearly highlights the problem, additional
information might be necessary to completely diagnose the problem.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When debugging with us in IRC, be prepared to use a so called nopaste service
such as <a href="http://nopaste.info">http://nopaste.info</a> or <a href="http://pastebin.com">http://pastebin.com</a> because pasting large
amounts of text in IRC sometimes leads to incomplete lines (servers have line
length limitations) or flood kicks.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_debugging_i3bar">7. Debugging i3bar</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>To debug i3bar problems, add <code>verbose yes</code> to all <code>bar {}</code> blocks in your i3
config, reload your config and then restart all i3bar instances like this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ i3 reload
$ killall i3bar
$ for c in $(i3-msg -t get_bar_config | python -c \
      'import json,sys;print("\n".join(json.load(sys.stdin)))'); do \
    (i3bar --bar_id=$c &gt;i3bar.$c.log 2&gt;&amp;1) &amp; \
  done;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There will now be <code>i3bar.*.log</code> files in your current directory that you can provide
in your bug report.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
 2016-11-08 19:54:01 CET
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