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\section{Magick::Exception Classes}
\scriptsize{
\begin{verbatim}
Exception represents the base class of objects thrown when ImageMagick
reports an error. Magick++ throws C++ exceptions synchronous with the
operation when an error is detected. This allows errors to be trapped within
the enclosing code (perhaps the code to process a single image) while
allowing the code to be written simply.
A try/catch block should be placed around any sequence of operations which
can be considered a unit of work. For example, if your program processes
lists of images and some of these images may be defective, by placing the
try/catch block around the entire sequence of code that processes one image
(including instantiating the image object), you can minimize the overhead of
error checking while ensuring that all objects created to deal with that
object are safely destroyed (C++ exceptions unroll the stack until the
enclosing try block, destroying any created objects).
The pseudocode for the main loop of your program may look like:
for each image in list
try {
create image object
read image
process image
save result
}
catch( ErrorFileOpen &error )
{
process Magick++ file open error
}
catch( Exception &error )
{
process any Magick++ error
}
catch( exception &error )
{
process any other exceptions derived from standard C++ exception
}
catch( ... )
{
process *any* exception (last-ditch effort)
}
This catches errors opening a file first, followed by any Magick++ exception
if the exception was not caught previously.
The Exception class is derived from the C++ standard exception class. This
means that it contains a C++ string containing additional information about
the error (e.g to display to the user). Obtain access to this string via the
what() method. For example:
catch( Exception &error_ )
{
cout << "Caught exception: " << error_.what() << endl;
}
The classes Warning and Error derive from the Exception class. Exceptions
derived from Warning are thrown to represent non-fatal errors which may
effect the completeness or quality of the result (e.g. one image provided as
an argument to montage is defective). In most cases, a Warning exception may
be ignored by catching it immediately, processing it (e.g. printing a
diagnostic) and continuing on. Exceptions derived from Error are thrown to
represent fatal errors that can not produce a valid result (e.g. attempting
to read a file which does not exist).
The specific derived exception classes are shown in the following tables:
Warning Sub-Classes
Warning Warning Description
WarningUndefined Unspecified warning type.
WarningResourceLimit A program resource is exhausted (e.g. not enough
memory).
WarningXServer An X resource is unavailable.
WarningOption An option was malformed or out of range.
WarningDelegate An ImageMagick delegate returned an error.
WarningMissingDelegate The image type can not be read or written because
the appropriate Delegate is missing.
WarningCorruptImage The image file is corrupt (or otherwise can't be
read).
WarningFileOpen The image file could not be opened (permission
problem, wrong file type, or does not exist).
WarningBlob A binary large object could not be allocated.
WarningCache Pixels could not be saved to the pixel cache.
Error Sub-Classes
Error Error Description
ErrorUndefined Unspecified error type.
ErrorResourceLimit A program resource is exhausted (e.g. not enough
memory).
ErrorXServer An X resource is unavailable.
ErrorOption An option was malformed or out of range.
ErrorDelegate An ImageMagick delegate returned an error.
ErrorMissingDelegate The image type can not be read or written because the
appropriate Delegate is missing.
ErrorCorruptImage The image file is corrupt (or otherwise can't be
read).
ErrorFileOpen The image file could not be opened (permission
problem, wrong file type, or does not exist).
ErrorBlob A binary large object could not be allocated.
ErrorCache Pixels could not be saved to the pixel cache.
\end{verbatim}
}
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