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<tspan id="tspan1668" style="letter-spacing:2.1813099;" dx="0 -0.57057059 0 0 0 0 0" fill="#ffffff">::СОВЕТЫ И ХИТРОСТИ</tspan>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Этот учебник ознакомит вас с некоторыми хитростями и «скрытыми» возможностями Inkscape, которые могут заметно ускорить работу.</flowDiv>
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<tspan y="89.49101399999999" x="10">Распределение объектов по радиусу круга с использованием функции «Узор из клонов»</tspan>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Несложно разобраться с тем, как <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Узор из клонов</flowSpan> работает для прямоугольных сеток и узоров. Но что делать, если вам нужно распределить объекты по <flowSpan font-style="italic">кругу</flowSpan> так, чтобы у всех объектов был один центр вращения?</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Если ваш радиальный узор будет состоять из 3, 4, 6, 8 или 12 элементов, попробуйте типы симметрии P3, P31M, P3M1, P4, P4M, P6 или P6M. Они прекрасно подходят для снежинок и схожих с ними фигур. Более общий способ получения радиального узора описан ниже.</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Выберите симметрию P1 (простое смещение) и <flowSpan font-style="italic">скомпенсируйте</flowSpan> это смещение, перейдя на вкладку «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Смещение</flowSpan>» и установив значение «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">На строку/Смещение по Y</flowSpan>» и «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">На столбец/Смещение по X</flowSpan>» равным -100%. За счёт этого все клоны будут расположены точно над оригиналом. Все, что остаётся — это перейти на вкладку «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Поворот</flowSpan>» и установить некоторый угол вращения на столбец, а затем создать узор в одну строку и несколько столбцов. Вот пример шаблона из горизонтальной линии и 30 столбцов, каждый из которых повёрнут на шесть градусов:</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Что бы получить из этого часовой циферблат, вам нужно лишь вырезать центральную часть или положить поверх нее белый круг (отсоедините клоны, чтобы иметь возможность выполнять логические действия с ними).</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Более интересный эффект может быть создан при использовании строк и столбцов одновременно. Вот шаблон из 10 столбцов и 8 строк с поворотом в 2 градуса на строку и 18 градусов на столбец. Каждая группа линий здесь — «столбец», так что каждая группа отстоит от другой на 18 градусов; внутри каждого столбца интервал между линиями равен 2 градусам:</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">В приведённом выше примере линии поворачиваются вокруг центра. Но как быть, если вы хотите, чтобы центр был вне фигуры? Просто создайте невидимый (без штриха и наполнения) прямоугольник который должен закрывать всю фигуру и центр которого в нужном вам месте, сгруппируйте фигуру и прямоугольник вместе и используйте функцию «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Узор из клонов</flowSpan>» на этой группе. Именно так вы можете создавать «взрывы» и «звездопады» путем случайных поворотов, смены размера и, возможно, прозрачности:</flowDiv>
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<tspan y="1017.867566" x="10">Как сделать нарезку работы (на несколько прямоугольных областей)?</tspan>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Создайте новый слой, а в нём — невидимые прямоугольники, перекрывающие необходимую часть картинки. Удостоверьтесь, что документ использует единицу измерения "px" (точки растра), используемую по умолчанию. Затем включите сетку и расположите прямоугольники по сетке так, чтобы каждый прямоугольник занимал целое число единиц "px". Назначьте осмысленные ID прямоугольникам и экспортируйте каждый в собственный файл. Прямоугольники запомнят имена этих файлов. После этого любой из прямоугольников очень прост экспортировать ещё раз. Достаточно переключиться на экспортируемый слой, клавишей Tab (или поиском по ID) выбрать нужный прямоугольник клавишу Tab и нажать кнопку «Экспортировать» в диалоге экспорта. Кроме того, можно написать сценарий для автоматического экспорта всех интересующих областей через командную строку, используя команду вида:</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">inkscape -i area-id -t filename.svg
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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">для каждой экспортируемой области. Ключ "-t" говорит программе, что для экспорта будет использоваться запомненное имя файла, но вы можете указать любое при помощи ключа "-e". В качестве альтернативы можно использовать утилиту <flowSpan font-weight="bold" font-family="sans serif">svgslice</flowSpan>, которая автоматически экспортирует области документа Inkscape, используя направляющие, либо передаваемые ей значения ID.</flowDiv>
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<tspan y="1302.4175768" x="10">Нелинейные градиенты</tspan>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Версия 1.1 SVG не поддерживает нелинейные градиенты (т.е. нелинейно переходящие из цвета в цвет), но вы можете создать их подобие, используя градиент с <flowSpan font-style="italic">множеством</flowSpan> опорных точек.</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Начните с обычного градиента из двух опорных точек. Откройте редактор градиента (двойной щелчок по узлу градиента курсором инструмента для редактирования градиентов). Добавьте новую опорную точку посередине и сместите её немного. Добавьте еще несколько опорных точек до и после этой, а затем тоже сместите их так, чтобы градиент получился ровным. Чем больше опорных точек вы добавите, тем более мягкими будут переходы в градиенте. градиент. Ниже изображён исходный черно-белый градиент с двумя опорными точками:</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">А тут — примеры разных «нелинейных» градиентов с множеством опорных точек (проверьте это при помощи инструмента редактирования градиента).</flowDiv>
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<tspan y="1686.2196958" x="10">Радиальный градиент со смещенным фокусом</tspan>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Радиальные градиенты не обязательно должны быть симметричными. Используя инструмент для редактирования градиентов, сместите центральный узел эллиптического градиента с нажатой клавишей <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift</flowSpan>. Это сдвинет крестик, являющийся <flowSpan font-style="italic">узлом фокуса</flowSpan> градиента. Если вам это не нужно, вы можете вернуть узел фокуса в центр, просто перетащив его в центр.</flowDiv>
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<tspan y="1875.2588658" x="10">Выравнивание по центру страницы</tspan>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Для того что бы выровнять что-либо по центру или по стороне страницы, используя функцию «Выровнять» (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Shift+A</flowSpan>), выберите пункт «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Страницы</flowSpan>» напротив «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Относительно:</flowSpan>».</flowDiv>
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<tspan y="1932.5468598" x="10">Удаление ненужного из документа</tspan>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Множество неиспользуемых градиентов, шаблонов и маркеров (точнее, тех, что изменялись вами вручную) остаётся в соответствующих палитрах. Их можно использовать в новых объектах. Однако, если вы хотите оптимизировать размер вашего документа, вы можете использовать команду «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Очистить Defs</flowSpan>» в меню «Файл». Эта операция уберет все градиенты, шаблоны и маркеры, которые не используются в документе, что, соответственно, уменьшит размер файла.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2043.0151448" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="2043.0151448" x="10">Обтравочные контуры и маски для растра</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e208" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2048.2" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e208"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">By default, an imported bitmap (e.g. a photo) is an image element which is not
editable by the Node tool. To work around this, convert the image into a rectangle with
pattern fill by <flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Object to Pattern</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt+I</flowSpan>). This will
give you a rectangle <flowSpan font-style="italic">filled</flowSpan> with your bitmap. Now this object can
be converted to path, node-edited, intersected with other shapes etc. In
<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Inkscape Preferences</flowSpan> (<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Misc</flowSpan> tab), you can set the
option of always importing bitmaps as pattern-filled rectangles.
</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2142.7500388000003" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="2142.7500388000003" x="10">Скрытые возможности и редактор XML</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e232" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2148" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e232"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">The XML editor allows you to change almost all aspects of the document without using an
external text editor. Also, Inkscape usually supports more SVG features than are
accessible from the GUI. The XML editor is one way to get access to these features (if
you know SVG).
</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2220.6342588" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="2220.6342588" x="10">Изменение единицы измерений для линеек</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e241" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2225.8" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e241"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">В стандартном шаблоне единицей измерения для линеек является пиксел "px" («единицы SVG», в Inkscape он равен 0,8pt или 1/90 дюйма). Эта же единица используется для отображения координат в нижем левом углу и во всех подменю. Вы всегда можете навести курсор мыши на линейку и увидеть в подсказке, какие единицы измерения используются. Изменить этот параметр можно в разделе «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Страница</flowSpan>» диалога «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Свойства документа</flowSpan>» (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+Shift+D</flowSpan>), измените значение параметра «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Единица измерения по умолчанию</flowSpan>».</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2341.6686828" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="2341.6686828" x="10">Штамповка</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e262" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2346.9" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e262"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Для быстрого создания множества копий объекта используйте <flowSpan font-style="italic">штамповку</flowSpan>. Просто перемещайте объект (либо меняйте его размер или поворачивайте) и, не отпуская клавиши мыши, нажимайте <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Пробел</flowSpan>. Это оставит «штамп», а попросту копию данного объекта на том месте, где он находился во время нажатия пробела. Вы можете сделать сколько угодно штампов.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2430.8766758" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="2430.8766758" x="10">Трюки с пером</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e277" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2436.1" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e277"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Используя инструмент, рисующий кривые Безье и прямые линии, вы можете завершить контур несколькими способами, описанными ниже:</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<circle cy="0" cx="0" r="2" transform="translate(15, 2479.4387078)"/>
<rect id="d0e283" display="none" height="1000px" width="258" y="2473.4" x="20"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e283"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">нажать клавишу <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ввод</flowSpan>;</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<circle cy="0" cx="0" r="2" transform="translate(15, 2497.0480828)"/>
<rect id="d0e290" display="none" height="1000px" width="258" y="2491" x="20"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e290"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">дважды щелкнуть левой клавишей мыши;</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<circle cy="0" cx="0" r="2" transform="translate(15, 2514.7941766)"/>
<rect id="d0e294" display="none" height="1000px" width="258" y="2508.8" x="20"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e294"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">выбрать этот инструмент еще раз;</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<circle cy="0" cx="0" r="2" transform="translate(15, 2532.7824578)"/>
<rect id="d0e298" display="none" height="1000px" width="258" y="2526.8" x="20"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e298"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">выбрать другой инструмент;</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<rect id="d0e302" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2544.8" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e302"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Обратите внимание, что пока контур не завершен (т.е. отображается зелёным или, если сегмент текущий, то красным) он еще не является объектом документа. Следовательно чтобы отменить его, можно использовать клавишу <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Esc</flowSpan> (отменить весь контур) или клавишу <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Backspace</flowSpan> (убрать последний сегмент незаконченного контура) вместо команды «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Отменить</flowSpan>».</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<rect id="d0e314" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2616" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e314"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Для добавления нового сегмента контура к уже существующему контуру, выберите контур и начните рисовать, удерживая нажатой клавишу <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift</flowSpan> любого из узлов. Если все, что вам нужно — это <flowSpan font-style="italic">продолжить</flowSpan> контур, Shift не нужен, просто начните рисовать с одного из конечных узлов выбранного контура.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2689.3664390000004" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="2689.3664390000004" x="10">Ввод значений Unicode</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e329" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2694.6" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e329"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">While in the Text tool, pressing <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+U</flowSpan> toggles between Unicode and
normal mode. In Unicode mode, each group of 4 hexadecimal digits you type becomes a
single Unicode character, thus allowing you to enter arbitrary symbols (as long as you
know their Unicode codepoints and the font supports them). To finish the Unicode input,
press <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Enter</flowSpan>. For example, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+U 2 0 1 4 Enter</flowSpan> inserts
an em-dash (—). To quit the Unicode mode without inserting anything press
<flowSpan font-weight="bold">Esc</flowSpan>.
</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2789.1013330000005" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="2789.1013330000005" x="10">Использование сетки для рисования значков</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e350" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2794.3" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e350"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Предположим, вы хотите нарисовать значок размером 24×24 пикселов. Создайте холст 24×24 px (используя диалог «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Свойства документа</flowSpan>») и установите сетку в 0,5 px (48×48 пересекающихся линий). Теперь когда вы выравниваете заполненные объекты по <flowSpan font-style="italic">четным</flowSpan> линиям сетки, а объекты со штрихом — по <flowSpan font-style="italic">нечетным</flowSpan> с шириной штриха, являющейся целым числом пикселов, и экспортируете их с изначальным значением dpi равным 90 (т.е. каждый пиксел холста становится одним пикселом изображения), вы получаете четкую растровую картинку без сглаживания.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="2909.9361790000007" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="2909.9361790000007" x="10">Вращение объекта</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e368" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="2915.1" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e368"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Выбрав инструмент Выделение, <flowSpan font-weight="bold">щелкните</flowSpan> какой-нибудь объект, чтобы увидеть его стрелки для смены размера. <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Щелкните еще раз</flowSpan> по объекту, и вы увидите стрелки для вращения и скашивания. Если перемещать угловые стрелки, объект будет поворачиваться вокруг центра (центр изображен крестиком). Если нажать клавишу <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift</flowSpan> в момент поворота, поворот будет происходить вокруг противоположного угла. Вы также можете переместить центр вращения куда угодно.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<rect id="d0e380" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3007.7" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e380"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Вращение можно производить и с клавиатуры нажатием клавиш <flowSpan font-weight="bold">[</flowSpan> и <flowSpan font-weight="bold">]</flowSpan> (на 15 градусов) или <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+[</flowSpan> и <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+]</flowSpan> (на 90 градусов). Эти же клавиши <flowSpan font-weight="bold">[]</flowSpan> с нажатием <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Alt</flowSpan> поворачивают объект(ы) с шагом в один пиксел.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="3069.3605190000007" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="3069.3605190000007" x="10">Использование меню «Открыть...» как палитры</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e407" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3074.6" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e407"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Если у вас есть несколько небольших SVG-файлов, содержимое которых вы часто используете в других документах, вы можете использовать меню «Открыть...» как палитру. Добавьте папку с вашими SVG-документами в закладки для быстрого доступа к ним. Затем воспользуйтесь областью предпросмотра, найдите нужный файл и перетащите его мышкой на холст. Диалог останется открытым, а рисунок будет импортирован в текущий документ.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="3169.188800000001" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="3169.188800000001" x="10">Отбрасывание тени у растровых изображений</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e416" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3174.4" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e416"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Inkscape поддерживает фильтр SVG «Гауссово размывание», так что вы легко можете создать размытые тени для объектов. Выберите объект, продублируйте его, нажав <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Ctrl+D</flowSpan>, нажмите <flowSpan font-weight="bold">PgDown</flowSpan>, чтобы поместить его под оригинальный объект, затем сдвиньте немного вправо и вниз. Теперь откройте диалог «Заливка и штрих» и укажите значение размывания равным, скажем, 2,0. Вот и все!</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="3267.259631000001" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="3267.259631000001" x="10">Размещение текста по контуру</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e431" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3272.5" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e431"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Чтобы разместить текст по поверхности кривой, выберите текст и контур одновременно и используйте функцию «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Разместить по контуру</flowSpan>» из меню «Текст». Текст будет размещен от начала контура. Лучший вариант — использовать отдельный контур для заполнения текстом, чем заполнять текстом один из существующих элементов — это даст вам больше контроля без лишних проблем.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="3366.974631000001" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="3366.974631000001" x="10">Поиск оригинала</tspan>
</text>
<rect id="d0e443" display="none" height="1000px" width="288" y="3372.2" x="10"/>
<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
<use y="0" x="0" xlink:href="#d0e443"/>
</flowRegion>
<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Когда у вас есть текст, направленный по контуру, связанный объект или клон, то порой очень сложно найти их исходный объект, потому что он может находиться под другими объектами, быть невидимым или просто закрытым для изменений (функция «запереть»). Магическая комбинация клавиш <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+D</flowSpan> поможет вам. Выберите текст, связанный объект или клон и нажмите <flowSpan font-weight="bold">Shift+D</flowSpan>, чтобы выделение переключилось на соответствующий контур, оригинал клона или оригинал связанного объекта.</flowDiv>
</flowRoot>
<text style="writing-mode:lr;text-anchor:start;" font-weight="bold" font-size="8" y="3477.1465820000008" x="10" font-family="sans" font-style="normal" fill="#000000">
<tspan y="3477.1465820000008" x="10">Возвращение ушедших за экран окон.</tspan>
</text>
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<flowRoot style="writing-mode:lr-tb;text-anchor:start;text-align:start;" font-weight="normal" font-size="8" font-style="normal" font-stretch="normal" font-variant="normal" font-family="serif" line-height="133.00000%" fill="#000000">
<flowRegion>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Когда работаете с документом на разных системах с разными разрешениями экрана или с несколькими мониторами, вы можете столкнуться с тем, что Inkscape запоминает позицию окна, и окно может оказаться вне экрана. Просто нажмите на управляющую пиктограмму окна, отвечающую за распахивание окна (что должно вернуть окно в поле зрения, используйте панель задач), сохраните и откройте документ вновь. Вы можете обойти этот недостаток, отключив глобальный параметр сохранения геометрии окна («<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Параметры Inkscape</flowSpan>», вкладка «<flowSpan font-family="sans serif">Окна</flowSpan>»).</flowDiv>
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<tspan y="3598.1415850000008" x="10">Прозрачность, градиенты и экспорт в формат PostScript</tspan>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Форматы PostScript и EPS не поддерживают <flowSpan font-style="italic">прозрачность</flowSpan>, так что никогда не используйте её, если собираетесь экспортировать рисунок в PS/EPS. При однородной прозрачности объектов вопрос решается просто. Выберите один полупрозрачных объектов, переключитесь на инструмент Пипетка (<flowSpan font-weight="bold">F7</flowSpan>), удостоверьтесь, что включен режим «Брать видимый цвет без альфа-канала», и щёлкните по уже выбранному объекту. Видимый цвет будет получен и заново присвоен объекту, но уже без полупрозрачности. Повторите эту процедуру с остальными объектами. Если полупрозрачный объект перекрывает несколько объектов с простой заливкой, вам придётся разделить его на части и повторить процедуру для каждого из кусочков.</flowDiv>
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<flowDiv xml:space="preserve">Экспорт <flowSpan font-style="italic">градиентов</flowSpan> в PS или EPS не работает ни для текста (пока текст не преобразован в контур), ни для обводки. Кроме того, поскольку прозрачность при экспорте в PS и EPS теряется, вы не можете использовать градиент из, скажем, <flowSpan font-style="italic">непрозрачного</flowSpan> синего в прозрачный синий. Обойти это ограничение можно создав градиент от <flowSpan font-style="italic">непрозрачного</flowSpan> синего в <flowSpan font-style="italic">непрозрачный</flowSpan> цвет фона.</flowDiv>
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