// -*- mode: c++ -*-
/*
  Copyright (c) 2010-2023, Intel Corporation

  SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
*/
/*
  Based on Syoyo Fujita's aobench: http://code.google.com/p/aobench
*/

#define NAO_SAMPLES		8
#define M_PI 3.1415926535f

typedef float<3> vec;

struct Isect {
    float      t;
    vec        p;
    vec        n;
    int        hit;
};

struct Sphere {
    vec        center;
    float      radius;
};

struct Plane {
    vec    p;
    vec    n;
};

struct Ray {
    vec org;
    vec dir;
};

static inline float dot(vec a, vec b) {
    return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y + a.z * b.z;
}

static inline vec vcross(vec v0, vec v1) {
    vec ret;
    ret.x = v0.y * v1.z - v0.z * v1.y;
    ret.y = v0.z * v1.x - v0.x * v1.z;
    ret.z = v0.x * v1.y - v0.y * v1.x;
    return ret;
}

static inline void vnormalize(vec &v) {
    float len2 = dot(v, v);
    float invlen = rsqrt(len2);
    v *= invlen;
}


static void
ray_plane_intersect(Isect &isect, Ray &ray, uniform Plane &plane) {
    float d = -dot(plane.p, plane.n);
    float v = dot(ray.dir, plane.n);

    cif (abs(v) < 1.0e-17)
        return;
    else {
        float t = -(dot(ray.org, plane.n) + d) / v;

        cif ((t > 0.0) && (t < isect.t)) {
            isect.t = t;
            isect.hit = 1;
            isect.p = ray.org + ray.dir * t;
            isect.n = plane.n;
        }
    }
}


static inline void
ray_sphere_intersect(Isect &isect, Ray &ray, uniform Sphere &sphere) {
    vec rs = ray.org - sphere.center;

    float B = dot(rs, ray.dir);
    float C = dot(rs, rs) - sphere.radius * sphere.radius;
    float D = B * B - C;

    cif (D > 0.) {
        float t = -B - sqrt(D);

        cif ((t > 0.0) && (t < isect.t)) {
            isect.t = t;
            isect.hit = 1;
            isect.p = ray.org + t * ray.dir;
            isect.n = isect.p - sphere.center;
            vnormalize(isect.n);
        }
    }
}


static void
orthoBasis(vec basis[3], vec n) {
    basis[2] = n;
    basis[1].x = 0.0; basis[1].y = 0.0; basis[1].z = 0.0;

    if ((n.x < 0.6) && (n.x > -0.6)) {
        basis[1].x = 1.0;
    } else if ((n.y < 0.6) && (n.y > -0.6)) {
        basis[1].y = 1.0;
    } else if ((n.z < 0.6) && (n.z > -0.6)) {
        basis[1].z = 1.0;
    } else {
        basis[1].x = 1.0;
    }

    basis[0] = vcross(basis[1], basis[2]);
    vnormalize(basis[0]);

    basis[1] = vcross(basis[2], basis[0]);
    vnormalize(basis[1]);
}


static float
ambient_occlusion(Isect &isect, uniform Plane &plane, uniform Sphere spheres[3],
                  RNGState &rngstate) {
    float eps = 0.0001f;
    vec p, n;
    vec basis[3];
    float occlusion = 0.0;

    p = isect.p + eps * isect.n;

    orthoBasis(basis, isect.n);

    static const uniform int ntheta = NAO_SAMPLES;
    static const uniform int nphi   = NAO_SAMPLES;
    for (uniform int j = 0; j < ntheta; j++) {
        for (uniform int i = 0; i < nphi; i++) {
            Ray ray;
            Isect occIsect;

            float theta = sqrt(frandom(&rngstate));
            float phi   = 2.0f * M_PI * frandom(&rngstate);
            float x = cos(phi) * theta;
            float y = sin(phi) * theta;
            float z = sqrt(1.0 - theta * theta);

            // local . global
            float rx = x * basis[0].x + y * basis[1].x + z * basis[2].x;
            float ry = x * basis[0].y + y * basis[1].y + z * basis[2].y;
            float rz = x * basis[0].z + y * basis[1].z + z * basis[2].z;

            ray.org = p;
            ray.dir.x = rx;
            ray.dir.y = ry;
            ray.dir.z = rz;

            occIsect.t   = 1.0e+17;
            occIsect.hit = 0;

            for (uniform int snum = 0; snum < 3; ++snum)
                ray_sphere_intersect(occIsect, ray, spheres[snum]);
            ray_plane_intersect (occIsect, ray, plane);

            if (occIsect.hit) occlusion += 1.0;
        }
    }

    occlusion = (ntheta * nphi - occlusion) / (float)(ntheta * nphi);
    return occlusion;
}


/* Compute the image for the scanlines from [y0,y1), for an overall image
   of width w and height h.
 */
static void ao_scanlines(uniform int y0, uniform int y1, uniform int w,
                         uniform int h,  uniform int nsubsamples,
                         uniform float image[]) {
    static uniform Plane plane = { { 0.0f, -0.5f, 0.0f }, { 0.f, 1.f, 0.f } };
    static uniform Sphere spheres[3] = {
        { { -2.0f, 0.0f, -3.5f }, 0.5f },
        { { -0.5f, 0.0f, -3.0f }, 0.5f },
        { { 1.0f, 0.0f, -2.2f }, 0.5f } };
    RNGState rngstate;

    seed_rng(&rngstate, programIndex + (y0 << (programIndex & 15)));
    float invSamples = 1.f / nsubsamples;

    foreach_tiled(y = y0 ... y1, x = 0 ... w,
                  u = 0 ... nsubsamples, v = 0 ... nsubsamples) {
        float du = (float)u * invSamples, dv = (float)v * invSamples;

        // Figure out x,y pixel in NDC
        float px =  (x + du - (w / 2.0f)) / (w / 2.0f);
        float py = -(y + dv - (h / 2.0f)) / (h / 2.0f);

        // Scale NDC based on width/height ratio, supporting non-square image output
        px *= (float)w / (float)h;

        float ret = 0.f;
        Ray ray;
        Isect isect;

        ray.org = 0.f;

        // Poor man's perspective projection
        ray.dir.x = px;
        ray.dir.y = py;
        ray.dir.z = -1.0;
        vnormalize(ray.dir);

        isect.t   = 1.0e+17;
        isect.hit = 0;

        for (uniform int snum = 0; snum < 3; ++snum)
            ray_sphere_intersect(isect, ray, spheres[snum]);
        ray_plane_intersect(isect, ray, plane);

        // Note use of 'coherent' if statement; the set of rays we
        // trace will often all hit or all miss the scene
        cif (isect.hit) {
            ret = ambient_occlusion(isect, plane, spheres, rngstate);
            ret *= invSamples * invSamples;

            int offset = 3 * (y * w + x);
            atomic_add_local(&image[offset], ret);
            atomic_add_local(&image[offset+1], ret);
            atomic_add_local(&image[offset+2], ret);
        }
    }
}


export void ao_ispc(uniform int w, uniform int h, uniform int nsubsamples,
                    uniform float image[]) {
    ao_scanlines(0, h, w, h, nsubsamples, image);
}


static void task ao_task(uniform int width, uniform int height,
                         uniform int nsubsamples, uniform float image[]) {
    ao_scanlines(taskIndex, taskIndex+1, width, height, nsubsamples, image);
}


export void ao_ispc_tasks(uniform int w, uniform int h, uniform int nsubsamples,
                          uniform float image[]) {
    launch[h] ao_task(w, h, nsubsamples, image);
}