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.\" -*- nroff -*-
.\" $Id: ical.1 2198 2009-03-19 09:20:05Z thamer $
.\"
.\" NOTE: Please adjust .TH date whenever modifying the manpage.
.\"
.TH IDATE "1" "January 05, 2005" "ical" "User Commands"
.\"
.SH NAME
ical \- A Hijri/Islamic calendar (and converter)
.\"
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B ical
.RB [ \-\-gregorian
.RI yyyymmdd]
.RB [ \-\-hijri
.RI yyyymmdd]
.RB [ \-\-umm_alqura ]
.RB [ \-\-fixed_view ]
.RB [ \-\-dual ]
.RB [ \-\-help ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
The \fBical\fR program is a Hijri/Islamic calendar displayer. It utilizes
and includes a Gregorian to Hijri (and vice-versa) date converter. The
application uses and offers multiple calculation methods with not all of
them agreeing at all times. The reason for this multiplicity is due to
not having one agreed upon method and so various entities develop and
advocate their calculations.
.PP
\fBical\fR is able to comprehend and calculate both pre-epoch or
pre-Hijrah, denoted as "B.H", as well as post-epoch or post-Hijrah,
denoted as "A.H", dates. \fBical\fR also utilizes Gregorian's
pre-epoch "B.C" and post-epoch "A.D" dates and notes them per its
output. When entering pre-epoch years, negative numbers ought to be
utilized.
.PP
\fBical\fR when run without any command-line options uses the host
machine's Gregorian date and converts it to Hijri to display that month's
view. Entries enclosed by [] denote exact day specified.
.SH OPTIONS
\fBical\fR follows the usual GNU command line syntax, with long options
starting with two dashes (`-'). A summary of all options is noted below:
.TP
.B \-h, \-\-help
Show summary of options
.TP
.B \-g, \-\-gregorian \fIyyyymmdd\fR
Specify the Gregorian date to be converted where 'y' stands for
year, 'm' for month and 'd' for day
.TP
.B \-hi, \-\-hijri \fIyyyymmdd\fR
Specify the Hijri date to be converted where 'y' stands for
year, 'm' for month and 'd' for day
.TP
.B \-u, \-\-umm_alqura
Specify to use the Umm Al-Qura calculation method (used mostly in
Saudi Arabia)
.TP
.B \-f, \-\-fixed_view
Show a fixed week view (ie. start on Sun and end on Sat) else
default to showing the preferred week view of the resulting calendar
(Gregorian starts on Sunday, Hijri starts on Saturday)
.TP
.B \-d, \-\-dual
Show both converstion from and to calendar months simultaneously
.SH BACKGROUND
The Hijri calendar is used in most of the Arab world and is the symbolic
calendar of the Islamic faithed worldwide. This calendar is known as
the "Hijri" (based on the word "Hijrah" - denoting migration in Arabic)
to signal Prophet Mohammed's (PBUH) migration from Makkah to Medinah
on Thursday, July 15, 622 AD (Julian).
The Islamic Hijri calendar is strictly lunar (ie. moon-based) with
twelve lunar months which do not correspond or track their solar
counterparts (the Gregorian calendar is a solar or sun-based calendar).
Lunar years and thus Hijri years are, on average, about 354 days long
resulting in a Hijri year being roughly about 11 days shorter than its
Gregorian counterpart.
There is much discussion and confusion regarding how best to track
the Hijri calendar. A great deal of that confusion is based on the
fact that many relay on a human moon sighting to denote the start
(or end) of a month (each month of the Hijri calendar starts when
a new moon's crescent is observed or is made visible at sunset)
as opposed to using an empirical mathematic certainty. The methods
presented in this application and its underlying ITL library are
strictly arithmetic in nature and do NOT take moon-phases into
consideration (in short, observational approximation is not used).
.SH LIMITATIONS
There is currently no Umm Al-Qura support.
.SH REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs on the web using http://bugs.arabeyes.org
.SH AUTHOR
Written by Nadim Shaikli as part of the Arabeyes.org project.
.SH COPYRIGHT
\fBical\fR is subject to the GNU General Public License (GPL).
.br
Copyright \(co 2005, Arabeyes, Nadim Shaikli.
.SH SEE ALSO
\" .BR libitl (1).
.PP
The ITL (Islamic Tools Library). It is the underlying requirement for
\fBical\fR to function. The ITL library was created and is hosted at
\fBwww.arabeyes.org\fR.
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