/*
  ==============================================================================

   This file is part of the juce_core module of the JUCE library.
   Copyright (c) 2015 - ROLI Ltd.

   Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any purpose with
   or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this
   permission notice appear in all copies.

   THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD
   TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN
   NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
   IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN
   CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   NOTE! This permissive ISC license applies ONLY to files within the juce_core module!
   All other JUCE modules are covered by a dual GPL/commercial license, so if you are
   using any other modules, be sure to check that you also comply with their license.

   For more details, visit www.juce.com

  ==============================================================================
*/

#ifndef JUCE_THREAD_H_INCLUDED
#define JUCE_THREAD_H_INCLUDED


//==============================================================================
/**
    Encapsulates a thread.

    Subclasses derive from Thread and implement the run() method, in which they
    do their business. The thread can then be started with the startThread() method
    and controlled with various other methods.

    This class also contains some thread-related static methods, such
    as sleep(), yield(), getCurrentThreadId() etc.

    @see CriticalSection, WaitableEvent, Process, ThreadWithProgressWindow,
         MessageManagerLock
*/
class JUCE_API  Thread
{
public:
    //==============================================================================
    /**
        Creates a thread.

        When first created, the thread is not running. Use the startThread()
        method to start it.

        @param threadName       The name of the thread which typically appears in
                                debug logs and profiles.
        @param threadStackSize  The size of the stack of the thread. If this value
                                is zero then the default stack size of the OS will
                                be used.
    */
    explicit Thread (const String& threadName, size_t threadStackSize = 0);

    /** Destructor.

        You must never attempt to delete a Thread object while it's still running -
        always call stopThread() and make sure your thread has stopped before deleting
        the object. Failing to do so will throw an assertion, and put you firmly into
        undefined behaviour territory.
    */
    virtual ~Thread();

    //==============================================================================
    /** Must be implemented to perform the thread's actual code.

        Remember that the thread must regularly check the threadShouldExit()
        method whilst running, and if this returns true it should return from
        the run() method as soon as possible to avoid being forcibly killed.

        @see threadShouldExit, startThread
    */
    virtual void run() = 0;

    //==============================================================================
    // Thread control functions..

    /** Starts the thread running.

        This will cause the thread's run() method to be called by a new thread.
        If this thread is already running, startThread() won't do anything.

        @see stopThread
    */
    void startThread();

    /** Starts the thread with a given priority.

        Launches the thread with a given priority, where 0 = lowest, 10 = highest.
        If the thread is already running, its priority will be changed.

        @see startThread, setPriority
    */
    void startThread (int priority);

    /** Attempts to stop the thread running.

        This method will cause the threadShouldExit() method to return true
        and call notify() in case the thread is currently waiting.

        Hopefully the thread will then respond to this by exiting cleanly, and
        the stopThread method will wait for a given time-period for this to
        happen.

        If the thread is stuck and fails to respond after the time-out, it gets
        forcibly killed, which is a very bad thing to happen, as it could still
        be holding locks, etc. which are needed by other parts of your program.

        @param timeOutMilliseconds  The number of milliseconds to wait for the
                                    thread to finish before killing it by force. A negative
                                    value in here will wait forever.
        @returns    true if the thread was cleanly stopped before the timeout, or false
                    if it had to be killed by force.
        @see signalThreadShouldExit, threadShouldExit, waitForThreadToExit, isThreadRunning
    */
    bool stopThread (int timeOutMilliseconds);

    //==============================================================================
    /** Returns true if the thread is currently active */
    bool isThreadRunning() const;

    /** Sets a flag to tell the thread it should stop.

        Calling this means that the threadShouldExit() method will then return true.
        The thread should be regularly checking this to see whether it should exit.

        If your thread makes use of wait(), you might want to call notify() after calling
        this method, to interrupt any waits that might be in progress, and allow it
        to reach a point where it can exit.

        @see threadShouldExit
        @see waitForThreadToExit
    */
    void signalThreadShouldExit();

    /** Checks whether the thread has been told to stop running.

        Threads need to check this regularly, and if it returns true, they should
        return from their run() method at the first possible opportunity.

        @see signalThreadShouldExit, currentThreadShouldExit
    */
    bool threadShouldExit() const                { return shouldExit; }

    /** Checks whether the current thread has been told to stop running.
        On the message thread, this will always return false, otherwise
        it will return threadShouldExit() called on the current thread.

        @see threadShouldExit
    */
    static bool currentThreadShouldExit();

    /** Waits for the thread to stop.

        This will waits until isThreadRunning() is false or until a timeout expires.

        @param timeOutMilliseconds  the time to wait, in milliseconds. If this value
                                    is less than zero, it will wait forever.
        @returns    true if the thread exits, or false if the timeout expires first.
    */
    bool waitForThreadToExit (int timeOutMilliseconds) const;

    //==============================================================================
    /** Changes the thread's priority.
        May return false if for some reason the priority can't be changed.

        @param priority     the new priority, in the range 0 (lowest) to 10 (highest). A priority
                            of 5 is normal.
    */
    bool setPriority (int priority);

    /** Changes the priority of the caller thread.

        Similar to setPriority(), but this static method acts on the caller thread.
        May return false if for some reason the priority can't be changed.

        @see setPriority
    */
    static bool setCurrentThreadPriority (int priority);

    //==============================================================================
    /** Sets the affinity mask for the thread.

        This will only have an effect next time the thread is started - i.e. if the
        thread is already running when called, it'll have no effect.

        @see setCurrentThreadAffinityMask
    */
    void setAffinityMask (uint32 affinityMask);

    /** Changes the affinity mask for the caller thread.
        This will change the affinity mask for the thread that calls this static method.
        @see setAffinityMask
    */
    static void JUCE_CALLTYPE setCurrentThreadAffinityMask (uint32 affinityMask);

    //==============================================================================
    // this can be called from any thread that needs to pause..
    static void JUCE_CALLTYPE sleep (int milliseconds);

    /** Yields the calling thread's current time-slot. */
    static void JUCE_CALLTYPE yield();

    //==============================================================================
    /** Makes the thread wait for a notification.

        This puts the thread to sleep until either the timeout period expires, or
        another thread calls the notify() method to wake it up.

        A negative time-out value means that the method will wait indefinitely.

        @returns    true if the event has been signalled, false if the timeout expires.
    */
    bool wait (int timeOutMilliseconds) const;

    /** Wakes up the thread.

        If the thread has called the wait() method, this will wake it up.

        @see wait
    */
    void notify() const;

    //==============================================================================
    /** A value type used for thread IDs.
        @see getCurrentThreadId(), getThreadId()
    */
    typedef void* ThreadID;

    /** Returns an id that identifies the caller thread.

        To find the ID of a particular thread object, use getThreadId().

        @returns    a unique identifier that identifies the calling thread.
        @see getThreadId
    */
    static ThreadID JUCE_CALLTYPE getCurrentThreadId();

    /** Finds the thread object that is currently running.

        Note that the main UI thread (or other non-Juce threads) don't have a Thread
        object associated with them, so this will return nullptr.
    */
    static Thread* JUCE_CALLTYPE getCurrentThread();

    /** Returns the ID of this thread.

        That means the ID of this thread object - not of the thread that's calling the method.

        This can change when the thread is started and stopped, and will be invalid if the
        thread's not actually running.

        @see getCurrentThreadId
    */
    ThreadID getThreadId() const noexcept                           { return threadId; }

    /** Returns the name of the thread.

        This is the name that gets set in the constructor.
    */
    const String& getThreadName() const                             { return threadName; }

    /** Changes the name of the caller thread.
        Different OSes may place different length or content limits on this name.
    */
    static void JUCE_CALLTYPE setCurrentThreadName (const String& newThreadName);


private:
    //==============================================================================
    const String threadName;
    void* volatile threadHandle;
    ThreadID threadId;
    CriticalSection startStopLock;
    WaitableEvent startSuspensionEvent, defaultEvent;
    int threadPriority;
    size_t threadStackSize;
    uint32 affinityMask;
    bool volatile shouldExit;

   #ifndef DOXYGEN
    friend void JUCE_API juce_threadEntryPoint (void*);
   #endif

    void launchThread();
    void closeThreadHandle();
    void killThread();
    void threadEntryPoint();
    static bool setThreadPriority (void*, int);

    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (Thread)
};

#endif   // JUCE_THREAD_H_INCLUDED