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Punctuation
-----------
Extended documentation for mathematical symbols & functions is :ref:`here <mathematical-operators>`.
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symbol meaning
========= ================================================
``@m`` invoke macro m; followed by space-separated expressions
``!`` prefix "not" operator
``a!( )`` at the end of a function name, `!` indicates that a function modifies its argument(s)
``#`` begin single line comment
``#=`` begin multi-line comment (these are nestable)
``=#`` end multi-line comment
``$`` xor operator, string and expression interpolation
``%`` remainder operator
``^`` exponent operator
``&`` bitwise and
``*`` multiply, or matrix multiply
``()`` the empty tuple
``~`` bitwise not operator
``\`` backslash operator
``'`` complex transpose operator A\ :sup:`H`
``a[]`` array indexing
``[,]`` vertical concatenation
``[;]`` also vertical concatenation
``[ ]`` with space-separated expressions, horizontal concatenation
``T{ }`` parametric type instantiation
``{ }`` construct a cell array
``;`` statement separator
``,`` separate function arguments or tuple components
``?`` 3-argument conditional operator (conditional ? if_true : if_false)
``""`` delimit string literals
``''`` delimit character literals
`\`\`` delimit external process (command) specifications
``...`` splice arguments into a function call or declare a varargs function or type
``.`` access named fields in objects or names inside modules, also prefixes elementwise operators
``a:b`` range a, a+1, a+2, ..., b
``a:s:b`` range a, a+s, a+2s, ..., b
``:`` index an entire dimension (1:end)
``::`` type annotation, depending on context
``:( )`` quoted expression
``:a`` symbol a
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