## Summary of Changes in version 4.7 ##

### Rules ###

- Rules allow very flexible addition or redefinition of the behavior
  of each test method in a test class.  Testers can reuse or extend one of the 
  provided Rules below, or write their own.
 
  For more on this feature, see http://www.threeriversinstitute.org/blog/?p=155
 
- The TemporaryFolder Rule allows creation of files and folders
  that are guaranteed to be deleted when the test method finishes
  (whether it passes or fails):
  
```java
public static class HasTempFolder {
	@Rule
	public TemporaryFolder folder= new TemporaryFolder();

	@Test
	public void testUsingTempFolder() throws IOException {
		File createdFile= folder.newFile("myfile.txt");
		File createdFolder= folder.newFolder("subfolder");
		// ...
	}
}
```

- ExternalResource is a base class for Rules (like TemporaryFolder)
  that set up an external resource before a test (a file, socket, server,
  database connection, etc.), and guarantee to tear it down afterward:
  
```java
public static class UsesExternalResource {
	Server myServer = new Server();
  		
	@Rule public ExternalResource resource = new ExternalResource() {
		@Override
		protected void before() throws Throwable {
			myServer.connect();
		}
			
		@Override
		protected void after() {
			myServer.disconnect();
		}
	};
		
	@Test public void testFoo() {
		new Client().run(myServer);
	}
}
```

- The ErrorCollector Rule allows execution of a test to continue
  after the first problem is found (for example, to collect _all_ the 
  incorrect rows in a table, and report them all at once):

```java
public static class UsesErrorCollectorTwice {
	@Rule
	public ErrorCollector collector= new ErrorCollector();
		
	@Test public void example() {
		collector.addError(new Throwable("first thing went wrong"));
		collector.addError(new Throwable("second thing went wrong"));
	}
}
```
	
- Verifier is a base class for Rules like ErrorCollector, which
  can turn otherwise passing test methods into failing tests if a verification
  check is failed
  
```java
public static class ErrorLogVerifier() {
	private ErrorLog errorLog = new ErrorLog();
    
	@Rule
	public MethodRule verifier = new Verifier() {
		@Override public void verify() {
			assertTrue(errorLog.isEmpty());
		}
	}
       
	@Test public void testThatMightWriteErrorLog() {
		// ...
	}
}
```

- TestWatchman is a base class for Rules that take note
  of the testing action, without modifying it.
  For example, this class will keep a log of each passing and failing 
  test:
  
```java
public static class WatchmanTest {
	private static String watchedLog;

	@Rule
	public MethodRule watchman= new TestWatchman() {
		@Override
		public void failed(Throwable e, FrameworkMethod method) {
			watchedLog+= method.getName() + " "
					+ e.getClass().getSimpleName() + "\n";
		}

		@Override
		public void succeeded(FrameworkMethod method) {
			watchedLog+= method.getName() + " " + "success!\n";
		}
	};

	@Test
	public void fails() {
		fail();
	}

	@Test
	public void succeeds() {
	}
}
```

- The TestName Rule makes the current test name available inside test methods:

```java
public class NameRuleTest {
	@Rule public TestName name = new TestName();
		
	@Test public void testA() {
		assertEquals("testA", name.getMethodName());
	}
		
	@Test public void testB() {
		assertEquals("testB", name.getMethodName());
	}
}
```

- The Timeout Rule applies the same timeout to all test methods in a class:

```java
public static class HasGlobalTimeout {
	public static String log;
		
	@Rule public MethodRule globalTimeout = new Timeout(20);
		
	@Test public void testInfiniteLoop1() {
		log+= "ran1";
		for(;;) {}
	}
		
	@Test public void testInfiniteLoop2() {
		log+= "ran2";
		for(;;) {}
	}
}
```

- The ExpectedException Rule allows in-test specification
  of expected exception types and messages:
   
```java 
public static class HasExpectedException {
	@Rule
	public ExpectedException thrown= ExpectedException.none();

	@Test
	public void throwsNothing() {

	}

	@Test
	public void throwsNullPointerException() {
		thrown.expect(NullPointerException.class);
		throw new NullPointerException();
	}

	@Test
	public void throwsNullPointerExceptionWithMessage() {
		thrown.expect(NullPointerException.class);
		thrown.expectMessage("happened?");
		thrown.expectMessage(startsWith("What"));
		throw new NullPointerException("What happened?");
	}
}
```

### Timeouts ###
- Tests that time out now show the stack trace of the test thread.

### Matchers ###
- Due to typing incompatibilities, JUnit is still including the 1.1 release
  of hamcrest.  This is not a change from 4.6, but is a change from
  pre-beta releases of 4.7.  Due to this incompatibility, tests using
  Hamcrest 1.2 must still use the MatcherAssert.assertThat method from 
  Hamcrest, not Assert.assertThat from JUnit.
  
### Docs ###
- Javadocs now link to online JDK javadocs (bug 2090230)
- Parameterized runner javadocs improved (bug 2186792)
- Fixed Javadoc code sample for AfterClass (2126279)
- Fixed Javadoc for assertArraysEqual(float[], float[])

### Bug fixes ###
- Fixed: BaseTestRunner.getTest() requires class to extend TestCase (1812200)
- Fixed: Suite does not allow for inheritance in annotations (2783118)
- Fixed: ParallelComputer skipped tests that took longer than 2 seconds