/*
 * This program source code file is part of KiCad, a free EDA CAD application.
 *
 * Copyright The KiCad Developers, see AUTHORS.txt for contributors.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
 * Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your
 * option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
#ifndef BASE_SET_H
#define BASE_SET_H

#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <limits>
#include <ostream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <dynamic_bitset.h>

#include <core/arraydim.h>
#include <core/kicad_algo.h>
#include <kicommon.h>

#if defined( _MSC_VER )
// ssize_t is a POSIX extension
// wx usually defines it on windows as a helper
// windows does have SSIZE_T (capital) for the same purpose
#include <BaseTsd.h>
typedef SSIZE_T ssize_t;
#endif

class KICOMMON_API BASE_SET : public sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>
{
public:
    class KICOMMON_API iterator
    {
    public:
        using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;
        using value_type = bool;
        using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
        using pointer = void;
        using reference = bool;

        iterator( BASE_SET* set, size_t pos ) : m_set( set ), m_pos( pos ) {}
        bool operator*() const { return m_set->test( m_pos ); }
        iterator& operator++()
        {
            ++m_pos;
            return *this;
        }
        iterator operator+( difference_type n ) const
        {
            return iterator( m_set, m_pos + n );
        }
        difference_type operator-( const iterator& other ) const
        {
            return static_cast<difference_type>(m_pos) - static_cast<difference_type>(other.m_pos);
        }
        auto operator<=>( const iterator& ) const = default;

    private:
        BASE_SET* m_set;
        size_t    m_pos;
    };

    class KICOMMON_API const_iterator
    {
    public:
        using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;
        using value_type = bool;
        using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
        using pointer = void;
        using reference = bool;

        const_iterator( const BASE_SET* set, size_t pos ) : m_set( set ), m_pos( pos ) {}
        bool operator*() const { return m_set->test( m_pos ); }
        const_iterator& operator++()
        {
            ++m_pos;
            return *this;
        }
        const_iterator operator+( difference_type n ) const
        {
            return const_iterator( m_set, m_pos + n );
        }
        difference_type operator-( const const_iterator& other ) const
        {
            return static_cast<difference_type>(m_pos) - static_cast<difference_type>(other.m_pos);
        }
        auto operator<=>( const const_iterator& ) const = default;

    private:
        const BASE_SET* m_set;
        size_t          m_pos;
    };

    iterator begin() { return iterator(this, 0); }
    iterator end() { return iterator(this, size()); }
    const_iterator begin() const { return const_iterator(this, 0); }
    const_iterator end() const { return const_iterator(this, size()); }

    BASE_SET( size_t size = 64 ) : sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>( size ) {}

    // Overloads for set, reset, and flip operations

    // Set a bit at the specified position
    BASE_SET& set(size_t pos)
    {
        if( pos >= size() )
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::resize( pos + 1 );

        sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::set(pos);
        return *this;
    }

    // Set a bit at the specified position to a given value
    BASE_SET& set(size_t pos, bool value)
    {
        if( pos >= size() )
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::resize( pos + 1 );

        sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::set(pos, value);
        return *this;
    }

    // Set all bits to 1
    BASE_SET& set()
    {
        sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::set();
        return *this;
    }

    // Reset (clear) a bit at the specified position
    BASE_SET& reset(size_t pos)
    {
        if( pos >= size() )
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::resize( pos + 1 );

        sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::reset(pos);
        return *this;
    }

    // Reset (clear) all bits
    BASE_SET& reset()
    {
        sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::reset();
        return *this;
    }

    // Flip a bit at the specified position
    BASE_SET& flip(size_t pos)
    {
        if( pos >= size() )
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::resize( pos + 1 );

        sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::flip(pos);
        return *this;
    }

    // Flip all bits
    BASE_SET& flip()
    {
        sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::flip();
        return *this;
    }

    // Overloads for boolean operators

    // Bitwise NOT operator
    BASE_SET operator~() const
    {
        BASE_SET result(*this);
        result.flip();
        return result;
    }

    // Compound assignment AND operator
    BASE_SET& operator&=(const BASE_SET& other)
    {
        size_t my_size = size();
        size_t other_size = other.size();

        if( my_size == other_size )
        {
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator&=(other);
        }
        else if( my_size < other_size )
        {
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::resize( other_size );
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator&=( other );
        }
        else
        {
            BASE_SET tmp( other );
            tmp.resize( my_size );
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator&=( tmp );
        }

        return *this;
    }

    // Compound assignment OR operator
    BASE_SET& operator|=(const BASE_SET& other)
    {
        size_t my_size = size();
        size_t other_size = other.size();

        if( my_size == other_size )
        {
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator|=(other);
        }
        else if( my_size < other_size )
        {
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::resize( other_size );
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator|=( other );
        }
        else
        {
            BASE_SET tmp( other );
            tmp.resize( my_size );
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator|=( tmp );
        }

        return *this;
    }

    // Compound assignment XOR operator
    BASE_SET& operator^=(const BASE_SET& other)
    {
        size_t my_size = size();
        size_t other_size = other.size();

        if( my_size == other_size )
        {
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator^=(other);
        }
        else if( my_size < other_size )
        {
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::resize( other_size );
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator^=( other );
        }
        else
        {
            BASE_SET tmp( other );
            tmp.resize( my_size );
            sul::dynamic_bitset<uint64_t>::operator^=( tmp );
        }

        return *this;
    }

    int compare( const BASE_SET& other ) const
    {
        return alg::lexicographical_compare_three_way( begin(), end(), other.begin(), other.end() );
    }

    // Define less-than operator for comparison
    bool operator<( const BASE_SET& other ) const
    {
        return alg::lexicographical_compare_three_way( begin(), end(), other.begin(),
                                                       other.end() ) < 0;
    }

    /**
     * Return a binary string showing contents of this set.
     */
    std::string FmtBin() const
    {
        std::string ret;

        int     bit_count = size();

        for( int bit=0;  bit<bit_count;  ++bit )
        {
            if( bit )
            {
                if( !( bit % 8 ) )
                    ret += '|';
                else if( !( bit % 4 ) )
                    ret += '_';
            }

            ret += (*this)[bit] ? '1' :  '0';
        }

        // reverse of string
        return std::string( ret.rbegin(), ret.rend() );
    }

    /**
     * Return a hex string showing contents of this set.
     */
    std::string FmtHex() const
    {
        std::string ret;

        static const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";

        size_t nibble_count = ( size() + 3 ) / 4;

        for( size_t nibble = 0; nibble < nibble_count; ++nibble )
        {
            unsigned int ndx = 0;

            // test 4 consecutive bits and set ndx to 0-15
            for( size_t nibble_bit = 0; nibble_bit < 4; ++nibble_bit )
            {
                size_t nibble_pos = nibble_bit + ( nibble * 4 );
                // make sure it's not extra bits that don't exist in the bitset but need to in the
                // hex format
                if( nibble_pos >= size() )
                    break;

                if( ( *this )[nibble_pos] )
                    ndx |= ( 1 << nibble_bit );
            }

            if( nibble && !( nibble % 8 ) )
                ret += '_';

            assert( ndx < arrayDim( hex ) );

            ret += hex[ndx];
        }

        // reverse of string
        return std::string( ret.rbegin(), ret.rend() );
    }

    /**
     * Convert the output of FmtHex() and replaces this set's values
     * with those given in the input string.
     *
     * Parsing stops at the first non hex ASCII byte, except that marker bytes output from
     * FmtHex() are not terminators.
     *
     * @return the number of bytes consumed.
     */
    int ParseHex( const std::string& str )
    {
        return ParseHex( str.c_str(), str.length() );
    }

    /**
     * Convert the output of FmtHex() and replaces this set's values
     * with those given in the input string.
     *
     * Parsing stops at the first non hex ASCII byte, except that marker bytes output from
     * FmtHex() are not terminators.
     *
     * @return number of bytes consumed.
     */
    int ParseHex( const char* aStart, int aCount )
    {
        BASE_SET tmp(size());

        const char* rstart = aStart + aCount - 1;
        const char* rend   = aStart - 1;

        const int bitcount = size();

        int nibble_ndx = 0;

        while( rstart > rend )
        {
            int cc = *rstart--;

            if( cc == '_' )
                continue;

            int nibble;

            if( cc >= '0' && cc <= '9' )
                nibble = cc - '0';
            else if( cc >= 'a' && cc <= 'f' )
                nibble = cc - 'a' + 10;
            else if( cc >= 'A' && cc <= 'F' )
                nibble = cc - 'A' + 10;
            else
                break;

            int bit = nibble_ndx * 4;

            for( int ndx=0; bit<bitcount && ndx<4; ++bit, ++ndx )
                if( nibble & (1<<ndx) )
                    tmp.set( bit );

            if( bit >= bitcount )
                break;

            ++nibble_ndx;
        }

        int byte_count = aStart + aCount - 1 - rstart;

        assert( byte_count >= 0 );

        if( byte_count > 0 )
            *this = tmp;

        return byte_count;
    }

    // Custom iterator to iterate over set bits
    class KICOMMON_API set_bits_iterator
    {
    public:
        using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag;
        using value_type = size_t;
        using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
        using pointer = const size_t*;
        using reference = const size_t&;

        set_bits_iterator( const BASE_SET& baseSet, size_t index ) :
                m_baseSet( baseSet ), m_index( index )
        {
            advance_to_next_set_bit();
        }

        size_t operator*() const { return m_index; }

        set_bits_iterator& operator++()
        {
            ++m_index;
            advance_to_next_set_bit();
            return *this;
        }

        bool operator!=( const set_bits_iterator& other ) const { return m_index != other.m_index; }

        bool operator==( const set_bits_iterator& other ) const { return m_index == other.m_index; }

    protected:
        void advance_to_next_set_bit()
        {
            while( m_index < m_baseSet.size() && !m_baseSet.test( m_index ) )
                ++m_index;
        }

        const BASE_SET& m_baseSet;
        size_t          m_index;
    };

    // Custom reverse iterator to iterate over set bits in reverse order
    class KICOMMON_API set_bits_reverse_iterator
    {
    public:
        using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
        using value_type = ssize_t;
        using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
        using pointer = const ssize_t*;
        using reference = const ssize_t&;

        set_bits_reverse_iterator( const BASE_SET& baseSet, ssize_t index ) :
                m_baseSet( baseSet ), m_index( index )
        {
            advance_to_previous_set_bit();
        }

        ssize_t operator*() const { return m_index; }

        set_bits_reverse_iterator& operator++()
        {
            --m_index;
            advance_to_previous_set_bit();
            return *this;
        }

        bool operator!=( const set_bits_reverse_iterator& other ) const
        {
            return m_index != other.m_index;
        }

        bool operator==( const set_bits_reverse_iterator& other ) const
        {
            return m_index == other.m_index;
        }

    protected:
        void advance_to_previous_set_bit()
        {
            while( m_index >= 0 && !m_baseSet.test( m_index ) )
            {
                --m_index;
            }
        }

        const BASE_SET& m_baseSet;
        ssize_t         m_index;
    };

    set_bits_iterator set_bits_begin() const { return set_bits_iterator( *this, 0 ); }
    set_bits_iterator set_bits_end() const { return set_bits_iterator( *this, size() ); }

    set_bits_reverse_iterator set_bits_rbegin() const
    {
        return set_bits_reverse_iterator( *this, size() - 1 );
    }
    set_bits_reverse_iterator set_bits_rend() const
    {
        return set_bits_reverse_iterator( *this, -1 );
    }

};

inline BASE_SET operator&( const BASE_SET& lhs, const BASE_SET& rhs )
{
    BASE_SET result = lhs;
    result &= rhs;
    return result;
}

inline BASE_SET operator|( const BASE_SET& lhs, const BASE_SET& rhs )
{
    BASE_SET result = lhs;
    result |= rhs;
    return result;
}

inline BASE_SET operator^( const BASE_SET& lhs, const BASE_SET& rhs )
{
    BASE_SET result = lhs;
    result ^= rhs;
    return result;
}

namespace std
{
template <>
struct hash<BASE_SET>
{
    size_t operator()( const BASE_SET& bs ) const
    {
        size_t hashVal = 0;

        for( const auto& bit : bs )
            hashVal = hashVal * 31 + std::hash<int>()( bit );

        return hashVal;
    }
};
} // namespace std

#endif // BASE_SET_H