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<html>
<head>
<title>Understanding Time in Kino</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<p>[ <a href="index.html">Table of Contents</a> ]</p>
<h1>Understanding Time in Kino</h1>
<p>Time is displayed and entered using a variety of formats in Kino. The
default time format is in number of Frames. The first frame is zero and not
one! While frame units are very simple and straightforward, the disadvantage is
that when you need to think in terms of seconds and minutes you must do some
math, which can be a slow process, until you become very proficient at it.
Therefore, other time formats are very helpful. If you change the time format,
then it is saved with your Preferences and restored the next time you start
Kino.</p>
<h3>Time Display Formats</h3>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>Frames</td>
<td>A simple zero-based frame counter.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SMPTE</td>
<td>This "timecode" format comes from the SMPTE standards organisation.
The format is HH:MM:SS:FF, where HH is hours, MM is minutes, SS is
seconds, and FF is frames. Kino uses ';' instead of ':' as the last
separator to indicate the use of <a href="terms.html#dropframe">drop-frame
</a> timecode.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Clock</td>
<td>This formats comes from the W3C SMIL standard. It is very similar to
SMPTE timecode except it is a "pure" time format meaning it contains no
mention of frames, wich is dependent upon the framerate of the video
source. The format is H:MM:SS.MS, where H is hours, MM is minutes, SS is
seconds, and MS is milliseconds. If there are less than three digits of
milliseconds, then the number is padded with zeros.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Milliseconds</td>
<td>A simple milliseconds-based time counter. The first frame is at zero
milliseconds. The number contains the suffix "ms" to inidcate the time
unit. This is a SMIL time format.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Seconds</td>
<td>This is a SMIL time format SS.FFF, where SS is seconds and FFF
is a fraction of a second, which is always three digits and therefore
milliseconds. Note, the lack of suffix because in SMIL the default time
unit is seconds.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Minutes</td>
<td>This is a SMIL time format MM.FFFFmin, where MM is the number of
minutes and FFFF is a fraction of a minute. While SMIL does not specify a
required precision, Kino always formats this time with 4 digits of
precision.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hours</td>
<td>This is a SMIL time format HH.FFFFFmin, where HH is the number of
hours and FFFFF is a fraction of a minute. While SMIL does not specify a
required precision, Kino always formats this time with 5 digits of
precision. Obviously, this is probably not a very useful format, but it
was added for completeness—for complete nuts!
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Time Entry</h3>
<p>If the currently selected time format is Frames or SMPTE, then one must
enter time formats using SMPTE timecode or a number with no separators is
interpreted as frames. If the current format is one of the SMIL formats, then
Kino interprets a "bare number" (no separators or unit suffix) as seconds.
One is not required to specify all the digits of precision that Kino uses
for display.</p>
<p>There are shortcuts for time entry. One can omit parts of a Clock or SMPTE
timecode value. The parts parsed from right to left. For example, "3:16" is
3 seconds and 16 frames in SMPTE timecode, or 3 minutes and 16 seconds in
Clock format. Also, digits can be ommitted between separators. For example,
"1:" is one second in SMPTE format or 1 minute in clock format.</p>
<p>[ <a href="index.html">Table of Contents</a> ]</p>
<p> </p>
</body>
</html>
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