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/*************************************************************************
RIFFParser.cpp - parser for the RIFF format
-------------------
begin : Tue Mar 20 2002
copyright : (C) 2002 by Thomas Eschenbacher
email : Thomas.Eschenbacher@gmx.de
***************************************************************************/
/***************************************************************************
* *
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify *
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by *
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or *
* (at your option) any later version. *
* *
***************************************************************************/
#include "config.h"
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits>
#include <QIODevice>
#include <QLatin1String>
#include <QList>
#include <QMutableListIterator>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QtEndian>
#include <QtGlobal>
#include <KLocalizedString>
#include "libkwave/String.h"
#include "RIFFChunk.h"
#include "RIFFParser.h"
#if Q_BYTE_ORDER == Q_BIG_ENDIAN
#define SYSTEM_ENDIANNES Kwave::BigEndian
#else
#define SYSTEM_ENDIANNES Kwave::LittleEndian
#endif
/**
* saturated conversion of a quint64 into a quint32
* @param x numeric value, 64 bit
* @return the value of x clipped to 0xFFFFFFFF
*/
static inline quint32 toUint32(quint64 x) {
const quint64 max = std::numeric_limits<quint32>::max();
return static_cast<quint32>(qMin(x, max));
}
//***************************************************************************
Kwave::RIFFParser::RIFFParser(QIODevice &device,
const QStringList &main_chunks,
const QStringList &known_subchunks)
:m_dev(device),
m_root(nullptr, "", "", toUint32(device.size()), 0,
toUint32(device.size())),
m_main_chunk_names(main_chunks), m_sub_chunk_names(known_subchunks),
m_endianness(Kwave::UnknownEndian), m_cancel(false)
{
m_root.setType(Kwave::RIFFChunk::Root);
}
//***************************************************************************
Kwave::RIFFParser::~RIFFParser()
{
}
//***************************************************************************
bool Kwave::RIFFParser::isValidName(const char *name)
{
int i;
for (i=0; i < 4; ++i) {
char c = name[i];
if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'z')) continue;
if ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'Z')) continue;
if ((c >= '0') && (c <= '9')) continue;
if ((c == ' ') || (c == '(') || (c == ')'))continue;
return false;
}
return true;
}
//***************************************************************************
Kwave::RIFFChunk::ChunkType Kwave::RIFFParser::guessType(const QByteArray &name)
{
if (!isValidName(name.constData())) return Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage;
return (m_main_chunk_names.contains(QLatin1String(name))) ?
Kwave::RIFFChunk::Main : Kwave::RIFFChunk::Sub;
}
//***************************************************************************
bool Kwave::RIFFParser::isKnownName(const QByteArray &name)
{
if (m_main_chunk_names.contains(QLatin1String(name))) return true;
if (m_sub_chunk_names.contains(QLatin1String(name))) return true;
return false;
}
//***************************************************************************
void Kwave::RIFFParser::detectEndianness()
{
// first try the easy way, works if file is sane
QString sane_name = QLatin1String(read4ByteString(0));
if (sane_name == _("RIFF")) {
m_endianness = LittleEndian;
return;
}
if (sane_name == _("RIFX")) {
m_endianness = Kwave::BigEndian;
return;
}
// ok, our file is damaged at least a bit, try to discover
emit action(i18n("Detecting endianness (standard search)..."));
emit progress(0);
QList<quint32> riff_offsets = scanForName("RIFF",
m_root.physStart(), m_root.physLength(), 0, 2);
if (m_cancel) return;
QList<quint32> rifx_offsets = scanForName("RIFX",
m_root.physStart(), m_root.physLength(), 1, 2);
if (m_cancel) return;
// if RIFF found and RIFX not found -> little endian
if (riff_offsets.count() && !rifx_offsets.count()) {
qDebug("detected little endian format");
m_endianness = LittleEndian;
emit progress(100);
return;
}
// if RIFX found and RIFF not found -> big endian
if (rifx_offsets.count() && !riff_offsets.count()) {
qDebug("detected big endian format");
m_endianness = Kwave::BigEndian;
emit progress(100);
return;
}
// not detectable -> detect by searching all known chunks and
// detect best match
emit action(i18n("Detecting endianness (statistic search)..."));
qDebug("doing statistic search to determine endianness...");
unsigned int le_matches = 0;
unsigned int be_matches = 0;
QStringList names;
names += m_main_chunk_names;
names += m_sub_chunk_names;
// average length should be approx. half of file size
double half = static_cast<double>(m_dev.size() >> 1);
// loop over all chunk names
int count = static_cast<int>(names.count());
int index = 0;
foreach (QString chunk_name, names) {
// scan all offsets where the name matches
QByteArray name = chunk_name.toLatin1();
QList<quint32> offsets = scanForName(name,
m_root.physStart(), m_root.physLength(),
index, count);
if (m_cancel) return;
// loop over all found offsets
foreach (quint32 ofs, offsets) {
m_dev.seek(ofs + 4);
// read length, assuming little endian
quint32 len = 0;
m_dev.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&len), 4);
double dist_le = fabs(half - qFromLittleEndian<quint32>(len));
double dist_be = fabs(half - qFromBigEndian<quint32>(len));
// evaluate distance to average length
if (dist_be > dist_le) ++le_matches;
if (dist_le > dist_be) ++be_matches;
}
emit progress(100 * (++index) / count);
}
qDebug("big endian matches: %u", be_matches);
qDebug("little endian matches: %u", le_matches);
if (le_matches > be_matches) {
qDebug("assuming little endian");
m_endianness = Kwave::LittleEndian;
} else if (be_matches > le_matches) {
qDebug("assuming big endian");
m_endianness = Kwave::BigEndian;
} else {
// give up :-(
qDebug("unable to determine endianness");
m_endianness = Kwave::UnknownEndian;
}
emit progress(100);
}
//***************************************************************************
QByteArray Kwave::RIFFParser::read4ByteString(qint64 offset)
{
char s[5] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
m_dev.seek(offset);
m_dev.read(&s[0], 4);
return QByteArray(s);
}
//***************************************************************************
bool Kwave::RIFFParser::parse()
{
// first of all we have to find out the endianness of our source
detectEndianness();
// not detectable -> no chance of finding anything useful -> give up!
if (m_endianness == Kwave::UnknownEndian) {
qWarning("unable to detect endianness -> giving up!");
return false;
}
// find all primary chunks
return parse(&m_root, 0, toUint32(m_dev.size()));
}
//***************************************************************************
Kwave::RIFFChunk *Kwave::RIFFParser::addChunk(
Kwave::RIFFChunk *parent, const QByteArray &name,
const QByteArray &format, quint32 length,
quint32 phys_offset, quint32 phys_length,
Kwave::RIFFChunk::ChunkType type)
{
// do not add anything to garbage, use the garbage's parent instead
while (parent && (parent->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage)) {
parent = parent->parent();
}
// if no parent found, use root
if (!parent) {
parent = &m_root;
}
Q_ASSERT(parent);
// create a new chunk object
Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk = new Kwave::RIFFChunk(
parent, name, format, length, phys_offset, phys_length);
Q_ASSERT(chunk);
if (!chunk) return nullptr;
chunk->setType(type);
// sort the chunk into the parent, order by physical start
Kwave::RIFFChunk *before = nullptr;
Kwave::RIFFChunkList &chunks = parent->subChunks();
foreach (Kwave::RIFFChunk *c, chunks) {
if (!c) continue;
quint32 pos = c->physStart();
if (pos > phys_offset) {
before = c;
break;
}
}
qsizetype index = (before) ? chunks.indexOf(before) : chunks.size();
chunks.insert(index, chunk);
return chunk;
}
//***************************************************************************
bool Kwave::RIFFParser::addGarbageChunk(Kwave::RIFFChunk *parent,
quint32 offset,
quint32 length)
{
qDebug("adding garbage chunk at 0x%08X, length=%u",offset,length);
// create the new chunk first
QByteArray name(16, 0);
qsnprintf(name.data(), name.size(), "[0x%08X]", offset);
Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk = addChunk(parent, name, "", length, offset,
length, Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage);
return (chunk);
}
//***************************************************************************
bool Kwave::RIFFParser::addEmptyChunk(Kwave::RIFFChunk *parent,
const QByteArray &name,
quint32 offset)
{
// create the new chunk first
Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk = addChunk(parent, name, "----", 0, offset,
0, Kwave::RIFFChunk::Empty);
return (chunk);
}
//***************************************************************************
bool Kwave::RIFFParser::parse(Kwave::RIFFChunk *parent,
quint32 offset, quint32 length)
{
bool error = false;
Kwave::RIFFChunkList found_chunks;
Q_ASSERT(parent);
if (m_dev.isSequential()) return false;
if (!parent) return false;
// be more robust if the file has not correctly padded
if (length & 1) length++;
do {
// qDebug("RIFFParser::parse(offset=0x%08X, length=0x%08X)",
// offset, length);
// make sure that we are still in the source (file)
if (offset >= m_dev.size()) {
error = true;
break;
}
// abort search if we passed the same position twice
// (this might happen if an intensive search is performed
// and one position can be reached in two or more ways)
// only exception: the root chunk, this always overlaps
// with the first chunk at start of search!
const Kwave::RIFFChunk *prev = chunkAt(offset);
if (prev && (m_root.subChunks().count())) break;
// chunks with less than 4 bytes are not possible
if (length < 4) {
qWarning("chunk with less than 4 bytes at offset 0x%08X, "\
"length=%u bytes!", offset, length);
// too short stuff is "garbage"
addGarbageChunk(parent, offset, length);
error = true;
break;
}
m_dev.seek(offset);
// get the chunk name
QByteArray name = read4ByteString(m_dev.pos());
// check if the name really contains only ASCII characters
if (!isValidName(name.constData())) {
qWarning("invalid chunk name at offset 0x%08X", offset);
// unreadable name -> make it a "garbage" chunk
qDebug("addGarbageChunk(offset=0x%08X, length=0x%08X)",
offset, length);
addGarbageChunk(parent, offset, length);
error = true;
break;
}
// get the length stored in the chunk itself
quint32 len = 0;
if (length >= 8) {
// length information present
m_dev.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&len), 4);
if (m_endianness != SYSTEM_ENDIANNES) len = qbswap<quint32>(len);
}
if (len == 0) {
// valid name but no length information -> badly truncated
// -> make it a zero-length chunk
qDebug("empty chunk '%s' at 0x%08X", name.data(), offset);
addEmptyChunk(parent, name, offset);
if (length > 8) {
// there's some garbage behind
offset += 8;
length -= 8;
}
error = true;
continue;
}
// read the format if present
QByteArray format = read4ByteString(m_dev.pos());
// calculate the physical length of the chunk
quint32 phys_len = (length - 8 < len) ? (length - 8) : len;
if (phys_len & 1) phys_len++;
// now create a new chunk, per default type is "sub-chunk"
/* qDebug("new chunk, name='%s', len=0x%08X, ofs=0x%08X, "\
"phys_len=0x%08X (next=0x%08X)",
name.data(),
len,offset,phys_len, offset+phys_len+8); */
Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk = addChunk(parent, name, format, len,
offset, phys_len, Kwave::RIFFChunk::Sub);
if (!chunk) break;
found_chunks.append(chunk);
// if not at the end of the file, parse all further chunks
length -= chunk->physLength() + 8;
offset = chunk->physEnd() + 1;
// qDebug(" parse loop end: offset=0x%08X, length=0x%08X",offset,length);
} while (length && !m_cancel);
// parse for sub-chunks in the chunks we newly found
foreach (Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk, found_chunks) {
if (!chunk) continue;
if ( (guessType(chunk->name()) == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Main) &&
(chunk->dataLength() >= 4) )
{
chunk->setType(Kwave::RIFFChunk::Main);
/* QByteArray path = (parent ? parent->path() : QByteArray("")) +
'/' + chunk->name();
qDebug("scanning for chunks in '%s' (format='%s'), "\
"offset=0x%08X, length=0x%08X",
path.data(), chunk->format().data(),
chunk->dataStart(), chunk->dataLength());*/
if (!parse(chunk, chunk->dataStart(), chunk->dataLength())) {
error = true;
}
}
}
return (!error && !m_cancel);
}
//***************************************************************************
void Kwave::RIFFParser::dumpStructure()
{
m_root.dumpStructure();
}
//***************************************************************************
bool Kwave::RIFFParser::isSane()
{
return m_root.isSane();
}
//***************************************************************************
Kwave::RIFFChunk *Kwave::RIFFParser::findChunk(const QByteArray &path)
{
Kwave::RIFFChunkList chunks;
listAllChunks(m_root, chunks);
foreach (Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk, chunks) {
if (!chunk) continue;
if (path.contains("/")) {
// search for full path
if (chunk->path() == path) return chunk;
} else {
// search for name only
if (chunk->name() == path) return chunk;
}
}
return nullptr;
}
//***************************************************************************
unsigned int Kwave::RIFFParser::chunkCount(const QByteArray &path)
{
unsigned int count = 0;
Kwave::RIFFChunkList chunks;
listAllChunks(m_root, chunks);
foreach (const Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk, chunks) {
if (!chunk) continue;
if (path.contains("/")) {
// search for full path
if (chunk->path() == path) ++count;
} else {
// search for name only
if (chunk->name() == path) ++count;
}
}
return count;
}
//***************************************************************************
QList<quint32> Kwave::RIFFParser::scanForName(const QByteArray &name,
quint32 offset, quint32 length,
int progress_start, int progress_count)
{
QList<quint32> matches;
if (length < 4) return matches;
quint32 end = offset + ((length > 4) ? (length - 4) : 0);
char buffer[5];
memset(buffer, 0x00, sizeof(buffer));
m_dev.seek(offset);
m_dev.read(&buffer[0], 4);
qDebug("scannig for '%s' at [0x%08X...0x%08X] ...", name.data(),
offset, end);
quint32 pos;
int next = 1;
for (pos = offset; (pos <= end) && !m_cancel; ++pos) {
if (name == buffer) {
// found the name
matches.append(pos);
}
// try the next offset
buffer[0] = buffer[1];
buffer[1] = buffer[2];
buffer[2] = buffer[3];
m_dev.getChar(&(buffer[3]));
// update progress bar
if (!--next && progress_count && (end > offset)) {
int percent = (((100*progress_start + (100*(pos-offset)) /
(end-offset))) / progress_count);
emit progress(percent);
next = (end-offset)/100;
}
}
return matches;
}
//***************************************************************************
void Kwave::RIFFParser::listAllChunks(Kwave::RIFFChunk &parent,
Kwave::RIFFChunkList &list)
{
list.append(&parent);
foreach (Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk, parent.subChunks())
if (chunk) listAllChunks(*chunk, list);
}
//***************************************************************************
Kwave::RIFFChunk *Kwave::RIFFParser::chunkAt(quint32 offset)
{
Kwave::RIFFChunkList list;
listAllChunks(m_root, list);
foreach (Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk, list)
if (chunk && chunk->physStart() == offset) return chunk;
return nullptr;
}
//***************************************************************************
Kwave::RIFFChunk *Kwave::RIFFParser::findMissingChunk(const QByteArray &name)
{
emit action(i18n("Searching for missing chunk '%1'...",
QLatin1String(name)));
emit progress(0);
bool found_something = false;
// first search in all garbage areas
Kwave::RIFFChunkList all_chunks;
listAllChunks(m_root, all_chunks);
int index = 0;
int count = static_cast<int>(all_chunks.count());
foreach (Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk, all_chunks) {
if (m_cancel) break;
if (!chunk) continue;
if (chunk->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage) {
// search for the name
qDebug("searching in garbage at 0x%08X", chunk->physStart());
QList<quint32> offsets = scanForName(name,
chunk->physStart(), chunk->physLength(),
index, count);
if (offsets.count()) found_something = true;
// process the results -> convert them into chunks
quint32 end = chunk->physEnd();
foreach (quint32 pos, offsets) {
if (m_cancel) break;
quint32 len = end - pos + 1;
qDebug("found at [0x%08X...0x%08X] len=%u", pos, end, len);
parse(chunk, pos, len);
qDebug("-------------------------------");
}
}
++index;
}
// not found in garbage? search over the rest of the file"
if (!found_something && !m_cancel) {
qDebug("brute-force search from 0x%08X to 0x%08X",
0U, m_root.physEnd());
QList<quint32> offsets = scanForName(name, 0U, m_root.physLength());
// process the results -> convert them into chunks
quint32 end = m_root.physEnd();
foreach (quint32 pos, offsets) {
if (m_cancel) break;
quint32 len = end - pos + 1;
qDebug("found at [0x%08X...0x%08X] len=%u", pos, end, len);
parse(&m_root, pos, len);
qDebug("-------------------------------");
}
}
return nullptr;
}
//***************************************************************************
void Kwave::RIFFParser::repair()
{
bool one_more_pass = true;
while (one_more_pass && !m_cancel) {
// crawl in garbage for all known chunks and sub-chunks
// crawlInGarbage();
// clear all main chunks that contain only garbage and convert them
// into garbage chunks. maybe they were only false hits in a previous
// search in garbage
collectGarbage();
// join garbage to empty chunks
if (joinGarbageToEmpty()) continue;
// resolve overlaps of garbage with other chunks
fixGarbageEnds();
// throw away all remaining garbage
qDebug("discarding garbage...");
discardGarbage(m_root);
// done, no more passes needed
one_more_pass = false;
}
}
//***************************************************************************
void Kwave::RIFFParser::collectGarbage()
{
// clear all main chunks that contain only garbage and convert them
// into garbage chunks
bool start_over;
do {
start_over = false;
Kwave::RIFFChunkList chunks;
listAllChunks(m_root, chunks);
foreach (Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk, chunks) {
if (!chunk) continue;
if (start_over || m_cancel) break;
// skip garbage chunks themselfes
if (chunk->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage) continue;
Kwave::RIFFChunkList &subchunks = chunk->subChunks();
bool contains_only_garbage = true;
foreach (const Kwave::RIFFChunk *sub, subchunks) {
if (m_cancel) break;
if (sub && (sub->type() != Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage)) {
contains_only_garbage = false;
break;
}
}
if (subchunks.count() && contains_only_garbage) {
quint32 start = chunk->physStart();
quint32 end = chunk->physEnd();
qDebug("chunk at 0x%08X contains only garbage!", start);
// -> convert into a garbage chunk !
chunk->setType(Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage);
chunk->setLength(end - start + 4 + 1);
while (!subchunks.isEmpty())
delete subchunks.takeLast();
chunks.clear();
// start over the scan...
start_over = true;
break;
}
}
} while (start_over && !m_cancel);
}
//***************************************************************************
void Kwave::RIFFParser::fixGarbageEnds()
{
qDebug("fixing ends of garbage chunks...");
Kwave::RIFFChunkList chunks;
listAllChunks(m_root, chunks);
QListIterator<Kwave::RIFFChunk *> it1(chunks);
QListIterator<Kwave::RIFFChunk *> it2(chunks);
// try all combinations of chunks
if (it1.hasNext()) it1.next();
while (it1.hasNext() && !m_cancel) {
Kwave::RIFFChunk *c1 = it1.next();
it2 = it1;
if (it2.hasNext()) it2.next();
while (it2.hasNext() && !m_cancel) {
Kwave::RIFFChunk *c2 = it2.next();
// children always overlap their parents
if (c2->isChildOf(c1)) continue;
// get ranges
quint32 s1 = c1->physStart();
quint32 e1 = c1->physEnd();
quint32 s2 = c2->physStart();
quint32 e2 = c2->physEnd();
// check for overlaps
if ((s2 <= e1) && (e2 >= s1)) {
qDebug("overlap detected:");
qDebug(" at 0x%08X...0x%08X '%s'",
s1, e1, c1->name().data());
qDebug(" at 0x%08X...0x%08X '%s'",
s2, e2, c2->name().data());
if ((c1->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage) && (s1 < s2)) {
// shorten garbage
e1 = s2 - 1;
quint32 len = e1 - s1 + 1;
qDebug("shortening garbage to %u bytes", len);
c1->setLength(len);
}
}
}
}
}
//***************************************************************************
bool Kwave::RIFFParser::joinGarbageToEmpty()
{
qDebug("joining garbage to empty chunks (and to garbage)...");
Kwave::RIFFChunkList chunks;
listAllChunks(m_root, chunks);
QMutableListIterator<Kwave::RIFFChunk *> it1(chunks);
QMutableListIterator<Kwave::RIFFChunk *> it2(chunks);
// join garbage to empty chunks
if (it2.hasNext()) it2.next();
while (it2.hasNext() && it1.hasNext() && !m_cancel) {
Kwave::RIFFChunk *chunk = it1.next();
Kwave::RIFFChunk *next = it2.next();
if (!chunk || !next) continue;
bool join = false;
if ( ((chunk->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Empty) ||
(chunk->dataLength() == 0)) &&
((next->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage) ||
(!isKnownName(next->name())) ) )
{
// join garbage and unknown stuff to empty
join = true;
}
if ( (chunk->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage) &&
(next->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage) )
{
// join garbage to garbage
join = true;
}
if (join) {
if ((next->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage) ||
(!isKnownName(next->name())) )
{
quint32 len = next->physLength() + 4;
qDebug("joining garbage to empty chunk '%s' "
"at 0x%08X, %u bytes",
chunk->name().data(), chunk->physStart(), len);
chunk->setLength(len);
chunk->setType(guessType(chunk->name()));
// remove the garbage chunk, it's no longer needed
it2.remove();
if (next->parent())
next->parent()->subChunks().removeAll(next);
delete next;
if (chunk->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Main) {
// was joined to a main chunk -> parse again!
chunk->setFormat(read4ByteString(chunk->physStart() + 8));
parse(chunk, chunk->dataStart(), chunk->dataLength());
}
// need_one_more_pass !
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
//***************************************************************************
void Kwave::RIFFParser::discardGarbage(Kwave::RIFFChunk &chunk)
{
QMutableListIterator<Kwave::RIFFChunk *> it(chunk.subChunks());
while (it.hasNext()) {
Kwave::RIFFChunk *ch = it.next();
if (m_cancel) break;
if (!ch) continue;
if (ch->type() == Kwave::RIFFChunk::Garbage) {
// garbage found -> deleting it
it.remove();
delete ch;
} else {
// recursively delete garbage
discardGarbage(*ch);
}
}
}
//***************************************************************************
void Kwave::RIFFParser::cancel()
{
qDebug("RIFFParser: --- cancel ---");
m_cancel = true;
}
//***************************************************************************
//***************************************************************************
#include "moc_RIFFParser.cpp"
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