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<meta name="Author" content="Michael J. Hammel">
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<H4>
"Linux Gazette...<I>making Linux just a little more fun!</I>"
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These pages are designed by Michael J. Hammel. Permission to
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<td ALIGN=LEFT VALIGN=CENTER NOSAVE>
<br><b><font size=+1>muse:</font></b>
<ol>
<li>
<i><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>v; to become absorbed in
thought </font></font></i></li>
<li>
<i><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>n; [ fr. Any of the nine
sister goddesses of learning and the arts in Greek Mythology ]: a source
of inspiration</font></font></i></li>
</ol>
<center><font size=-2>© 1999 by <a href="mailto:mjhammel@graphics-muse.org">mjh</a></font></center>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0 COLS=2 WIDTH="100%" NOSAVE >
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<br><img SRC="../gx/hammel/w.gif" ALT="W" height=28 width=36 align=BOTTOM><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>elcome
to the Graphics Muse! Why a "muse"? Well, except for the sisters aspect,
the above definitions are pretty much the way I'd describe my own interest
in computer graphics: it keeps me deep in thought and it is a daily source
of inspiration. </font></font>
<center>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>[<a href="#mews">Graphics
Mews</a>][<a href="#webwonderings">WebWonderings</a>][<a href="#musings">Musings</a>][<a href="#rsrc">Resources</a>]</font></font></center>
<p><img SRC="../gx/hammel/t.gif" ALT="T" height=28 width=26><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>his
column is dedicated to the use, creation, distribution, and discussion
of computer graphics tools for Linux systems.</font></font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>This is a short issue of
the 'Muse. I'm in the process of moving from Dallas to Denver so
life has been rather hectic. But I didn't want to completely skip
this month since last month was lost due to my hard disk crash in November.
Details, details, details. I should have a few more articles
next month. In the meantime, you can check out an interview I did
originally for the December issue:</font></font>
<ul>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>An Interview with Michael Sweet,
author of the Print Plug-In for the GIMP.</font></font></li>
</ul>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><a NAME="mews"></a><img SRC="../gx/hammel/mews.jpg" height=50 width=245>
<table BORDER=0 COLS=3 WIDTH="100%" NOSAVE >
<tr NOSAVE>
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<table BORDER CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=2 COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" HEIGHT="100%" BGCOLOR="#FE992B" NOSAVE >
<tr>
<td><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Other Announcements:</font></font></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="mews.html#r-0.6.32">R 0.63.2</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="mews.html#irtc-cdrom">IRTC CDROM (Year Two)</a></td>
</tr>
<tr NOSAVE>
<td NOSAVE><a href="mews.html#mesa-xfree">Mesa to be integrated with XFree86</a></td>
</tr>
<tr NOSAVE>
<td ALIGN=LEFT VALIGN=TOP NOSAVE><a href="mews.html#dc20">dc20 1.0</a></td>
</tr>
<tr NOSAVE>
<td NOSAVE><a href="mews.html#imagemagick">ImageMagick 4.1.8</a></td>
</tr>
<tr NOSAVE>
<td ALIGN=CENTER NOSAVE><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><
<a href="mews.html">More
Mews</a> ></font></font></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td WIDTH="1" NOSAVE></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT VALIGN=TOP NOSAVE>
<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" NOSAVE >
<tr NOSAVE>
<td NOSAVE><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>Disclaimer</b>:
Before I get too far into this I should note that any of the news items
I post in this section are just that - news. Either I happened to run across
them via some mailing list I was on, via some Usenet newsgroup, or via
email from someone. I'm not necessarily endorsing these products (some
of which may be commercial), I'm just letting you know I'd heard about
them in the past month.</font></font></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<hr NOSHADE WIDTH="100%"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">CGM Viewer Applet 1.0</font></b>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"> <font size=-1>Alexander Larsson </font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><font color="#CC6600">CgmVA</font></b>
is an applet that shows CGM files. CGM is a non-proprietary well known
vectorgraphics file format. The user can zoom and scroll around the viewed
image. CgmVA is scriptable with JavaScript. You can control up to 16 layers
with several images in each layer. The images can be magnified and moved
by the script or be controlled by the user with the mouse. </font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Changes: text path supported,
full support for character orientation and alignment, all line types, all
marker types.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.online.de/home/bdaum/howto.htm">http://www.online.de/home/bdaum/howto.htm</a></font></font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Graphics Muse Tools 0.1</font></b>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"> <font size=-1>Michael J.
Hammel</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>The <b><font color="#CC6600">Graphics
Muse Tools</font></b> are a collection of plug-ins, brushes, and patterns
for use with the GNU Image Manipulation Program, more commonly known as
the GIMP. The 0.1 release provides three plug-ins. ArrowGFX for creating
arrows and pointers of varying types, CardGFX for creating business and
greeting cards and TransGFX which is an alternative interactive rotation
transform tool. Additionally, a collection of new brushes has been
included. A set of patterns will be made available at a later date.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Download: <a href="http://www.graphics-muse.org/source/gfxmuse-0.1.tar.gz">http://www.graphics-muse.org/source/gfxmuse-0.1.tar.gz</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Homepage: <a href="http://www.graphics-muse.org/sw/sw.html">http://www.graphics-muse.org/sw/sw.html</a></font></font>
<br>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">tgif 4.0.9</font></b>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"> <font size=-1>Bill Cheng</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><font color="#CC6600">tgif</font></b>
is a vector-based draw tool, with the additional benefit of being sort
of a web-browser. That is, you can fetch drawings from a web server with
it, and you can make objects in your picture into hotlinks to other parts
of the drawing, or to other drawings accessible via http.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Homepage: <a href="http://bourbon.cs.umd.edu:8001/tgif/">http://bourbon.cs.umd.edu:8001/tgif/</a></font></font>
<br>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">LibGGI 2.0 BETA1 (the Degas release)</font></b>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>LibGGI 2.0 BETA1 is finally
out. LibGGI has been split into a library doing generic input handling
called LibGII, and the "traditional" LibGGI, which takes care for handling
graphical output to virtually anything used to display graphics on Linux
or Unix in general.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="ftp://ftp.ggi-project.org/pub/ggi/ggi/2_0_beta_1">ftp://ftp.ggi-project.org/pub/ggi/ggi/2_0_beta_1</a></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>For those who don't yet know,
what LibGGI is about and why you want it as well: LibGGI is an attempt
to unify all those graphical output systems that exist on Unix with possible
ports to other systems as well.</font></font>
<br>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Script-Fu Web site</font></b><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"></font></b>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Introducing http://www.script-fu.org
A resource for Gimp's Script-Fu programmers. Includes lots of tips on how
to use script-fu, including how to run a script directly from within GNU
Emacs.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>--Zachary Kessin</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.script-fu.org">http://www.script-fu.org</a></font></font>
<br>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Accelerated-X new support, laptops,
graphics chips, Multihead</font></b>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Jeremy Chatfield <<a href="mailto:jdc@xig.com">jdc@xig.com</a>></font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Xi Graphics has recently
provided updates adding support for new laptops, new multihead boards and
graphics boards or correcting problems in previous support. Updates
may be applied to any Accelerated-X 4.1.2 Server on supported operating
systems (BSD/OS, FreeBSD, INTERACTIVE, Linux, Open Server, Solaris/x86).</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Accelerated-X (AX) for Intel
processors</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>URL <a href="ftp://ftp.xig.com/pub/updates/accelx/desktop/4.1.2/intel">ftp://ftp.xig.com/pub/updates/accelx/desktop/4.1.2/intel</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
D4102.028 Number 9 Revolution IV FPD + SGI 1600SW FPD</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
D4102.027 ATI update</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
D4102.026 Matrox Millennium G200 PCI/SDRAM</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Accelerated-X (PX) for Alpha
processors (Red Hat 5.2)</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>URL<a href=" ftp://ftp.xig.com/pub/updates/accelx/desktop/4.1.2/alpha-processor">
ftp://ftp.xig.com/pub/updates/accelx/desktop/4.1.2/alpha-processor</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
P4102.001 Matrox Millennium G200 PCI/SDRAM</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Accelerated-X Laptop (LX)
for Intel processors</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>URL <a href="ftp://ftp.xig.com/pub/updates/accelx/laptop/4.1.2">ftp://ftp.xig.com/pub/updates/accelx/laptop/4.1.2</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
L4102.021 Toshiba Satellite Pro 490XCDT (S3 ViRGE MX)</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
L4102.020 Cyrix MediaGX Laptop Mobo</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
L4102.019 IBM ThinkPad 770X (Trident Cyber 9397 DVD)</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Accelerated-X Multi-head
(MX) for Intel processors</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>URL <a href="ftp://ftp.xig.com/pub/updates/accelx/multihead/4.1.2">ftp://ftp.xig.com/pub/updates/accelx/multihead/4.1.2</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
M4102.008 Colorgraphics Predator 2/4 AGP (S3 Savage3D)</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>
M4102.007 Matrox Quad Productiva G100 board</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Each update has a gzipped
tarchive and a text file describing the update and the update procedure.
The INDEX file in each product directory lists all updates and pre-requisite
updates.</font></font>
<br>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">Version 1.4 of PMR is released</font></b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>The Poor Mans Renderer is
a free simple 3D rendering/editing tool for LINUX.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1> </font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>The home page is <a href="http://borneo.gmd.de/AS/janus/new/pmr/pmr.html">http://borneo.gmd.de/AS/janus/new/pmr/pmr.html</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>There are several improvements
since Version 1.3</font></font>
<ul>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>rendering is approx 2 times
faster</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>mesh smoothing is improved</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>there a FFD techniques to manipulate
meshes</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>several segmentation faults
and memory leacks have been fixed</font></font></li>
</ul>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica">METRO EXTREME 3D - EARLY ACCESS RELEASE
FOR 3DLABS GLINT CHIP</font></b>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Holly Robinson <<a href="mailto:holly@chickadee.metrolink.com">holly@chickadee.metrolink.com</a>></font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Metro Link proudly announces
the early access release of Metro Extreme 3D for graphics cards using a
single 3DLabs GLINT 500MX chip on a Linux/x86 operating system (glibc or
libc5). Metro Extreme 3D is an SGI-compliant port of OpenGL which
provides 3D hardware acceleration on specific cards.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>This early access release,
as well as the upcoming official release of Metro Extreme 3D, will be a
free upgrade for all existing customers with a valid Metro OpenGL license.
In addition, anyone who purchases Metro OpenGL will automatically get the
official version of Metro Extreme 3D when it is released. Contact sales@metrolink.com
to get your free upgrade or to purchase a new license.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Metro Link has created two
newsgroups for discussion of this product and its subsequent releases.
The public newsgroup is for customers and potential customers who want
to stay informed of product development. The other newsgroup is private,
for interaction with customers actually using the early access release
of Metro Extreme 3D.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>To join the public newsgroup,
point your news reader to news.metrolink.com and look for metrolink.me3d.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>To join the private newsgroup,
contact sales@metrolink.com to verify your original purchase of Metro OpenGL
and to receive a login and password required for participation in this
group.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Metro Link's goal is to provide
the highest performance and most robust software to the Linux/UNIX community.
Metro Link provides mission critical X Window System and related software
for many Linux/UNIX platforms. Our software has been proven in the
Boeing 777, the Space Shuttle, the 767 AWACS, the Crusader Self-Propelled
Howitzer, the Army Land Warrior and many other applications which demand
high reliability.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Metro Link Incorporated</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.metrolink.com">www.metrolink.com</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="mailto:sales@metrolink.com">sales@metrolink.com</a></font></font>
<br>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<p><!--
-- Did You Know Section
-->
<h2>
Did You Know?</h2>
<blockquote>...you can find a set of gallery images and source files created
with AC3D at the <b><i><font color="#006600">User Pages for AC3D</font></i></b>
- <a href="http://www.eilers.net/ac3d/">http://www.eilers.net/ac3d/</a>
<p>...you can find an interesting bit of news from Ton Roosendaal on the
future of Blender on the <a href="http://goethe.bowtie.nl/cgi-bin/web-ssql/news-blender/shw_item.ws?di_id=3069">Blender
News and Chat </a>page.</blockquote>
<!--
-- Q and A Section
-->
<h2>
Q and A</h2>
<i><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Q: OK, I have a large
picture open in GIMP, and have cut out a smaller frame, which is the picture
I want to save. But how can I save just the cut-out rectangle as
a new picture ?</font></font></i>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>A: There a dozen ways
to do this. Heres an example:</font></font>
<ol>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Cut the region using CTRL-x.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Paste it back into the picture.
This creates a floating layer.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Turn the floating layer into
a new layer.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Delete the old layer.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Make the new layer the active
layer (if its not already) and use the Layer Menu's "Alpha to Selection"
option to select the whole layer.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Choose the Crop tool from the
Toolbox.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Click on the image window to
open the Crop Information dialog.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Select "Selection" in this dialog.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Select "Crop".</font></font></li>
</ol>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>This leaves the originally cut
region as the complete image. Now just save the layer (or flatten
the image first if you prefer and have other layers to worry about) to
a file.</font></font>
<p><i><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Q: Regis Rampnoux
wrote: I have put an offer on my web pages to find a developper for
a driver for Epson Photo Stylus Color printer and other with 5 ink cartridges
like EX.</font></font></i>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>A: Michael Sweet replied:
EPSON has released the information for 6-color printing so the next version
of the print plug-in for GIMP will support it. As for GhostScript/other
drivers, my company is in the process of porting our software to Linux
and may also do a FreeBSD port.</font></font>
<p><i><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Q: Any pointers/tutorials/utilities
for making fonts?</font></font></i><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>A: <b>xmbdfed</b> -
there is a link to a static binary for this at <a href="http://fonts.themes.org">fonts.themes.org</a>.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><i><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Q: That program
creates pixmap fonts, but vector fonts? Anybody?</font></font></i><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>A: <b>spif</b> is a
vector editor, which is unfortunately not available. See <a href="http://www.gh.cs.su.oz.au/~matty/Spif/ ">http://www.gh.cs.su.oz.au/~matty/Spif/
</a>for info. Also, <b>gfonted</b> is available, but it doesn't do a whole
lot yet. See <a href="http://www.levien.com/gfonted/">http://www.levien.com/gfonted/
</a>for details.</font></font>
<blockquote><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Zachary Beane
<a href="mailto:xach@mint.net">xach@mint.net</a></font></font></blockquote>
<p><br>
<hr SIZE=1 NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<h2>
Reader Mail</h2>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="mailto:Steve.Lesley@BigFoot.com">Steve.Lesley@BigFoot.com</a>
wrote:</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Re: <b>BTTV video capture
card setup?</b></font></font>
<blockquote><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>I hope I have come
to the right place, I found an old article of yours with a reference to
the bttv video driver. I am fairly new to linux, but I do have a
background in computers. If I have the wrong person, please let me
know where I might find the answer to my question.</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse</font></i></b>:
I don't have this card so haven't tried this yet, but I'll see what I can
do.</font></font>
<blockquote><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>I have been trying
to install the bttv driver for a USRobotics BigPicture video capture card
which I hear will work, but it is not the hardware support I am asking
about. I have the source, a patch, and it says there is an application
for putting the captured video on the screen that comes with the bttv source.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>I do a <i>make</i>,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Then <i>make install.</i></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Now what? When and
how do I patch it, and isn't there supposed to be a kernel recompile
involved? There is no choice for installing the module in a <i>make
xconfig</i> now.</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
Patches are applied to the source prior to running "make". To apply
a patch you use the "patch" command, usually something like this:</font></font>
<blockquote><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>% patch < patchfile</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>where patchfile is the name
of the patch file. You usually have to be in the directory where
the source code is or (if there are multiple directories in the source
code distribution) in the top level directory.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>After applying the patch
you run "<i>make</i>". "<i>make install</i>" will (if the distribution
supports this) install the binaries in one of the common binary directories,
such as /usr/bin or /usr/local/bin. Often you can specify where these
files will be installed either by editing the Makefile, a configuration
file of some kind (config.h for example) or specifying a command line option
if the distribution uses a "<i>configure</i>" script. It doesn't
sound like the <b><font color="#CC6600">bttv</font></b> distribution uses
configure since you didn't mention it. Also, it doesn't sound like
<i>make
install </i>worked since the application didn't get built either.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>As to recompiling the kernel,
I doubt it. Linux supports loadable modules but not all drivers have
to be part of the kernel. A good example of this is the X server,
which drives graphics hardware but is not part of the kernel and is not
a loadable module. Chances are that the bttv driver has an application
that works with the driver to directly drive the video hardware without
kernel intervention.</font></font>
<blockquote><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>The application
doesn't seem to have been automatically compiled.</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
It may have to be built seperately. Its hard to say without looking
at the distribution source directly.</font></font>
<blockquote><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Please help a newbie
try to get drivers up for his hardware.</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
Did the distribution come with a README or some other text file explaning
how to build it or at least how to contact the author(s)? You might
try contacting the author(s) if they gave their email or Web address.
If that doesn't work you might try a local Linux User Group (you can usually
find one via SSC's web pages @ <a href="http://www.ssc.com">www.ssc.com</a>
or <a href="http://www.linuxresources.com">www.linuxresources.com</a>).</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>I plan on looking at this
and other video and TV cards for my Muse column but it won't be for a while.
Hope this helped a little.</font></font>
<p>
<hr NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<br><a NAME="webwonderings"></a><img SRC="../gx/hammel/webwonderings.jpg" height=57 width=246>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>No Web Wonderings this month.
I'm busy moving back to Denver and didn't have time to research anything
interesting. But I should have something for next month.</font></font>
<br>
<hr NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<p><a NAME="musings"></a>
<table BORDER=0 CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=3 COLS=2 NOSAVE >
<tr NOSAVE>
<td ALIGN=LEFT VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="245" NOSAVE><img SRC="../gx/hammel/musings.jpg" height=50 width=245></td>
<td NOSAVE>
<br> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica">An Interview with Michael Sweet, author of
the Gimp Print Plug-In</font></h2>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Back in November, before my
hard disk disaster, I did an email interview with Michael Sweet.
Mike wrote the Print Plug-In for the Gimp and runs a software company,
Easy Software Products, that specializes in printing software for Unix
systems. Although I lost all the original emails with my hardware
failures Mike was able to forward me copies of all our discussions.
I think this means I may do all future interviews via email, just to be
safe.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
Tell us a little about yourself. How did you get involved with printers?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: Back before
I went to college I started fooling around with printing stuff on dot-matrix
printers (EPSON, Radio Shack, etc.) This eventually led to color printing
on an old HP DeskJet 500C and my second shareware program, "Image Master"
(not the PC version, this was for a Color Computer).</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Later I did a freeware program
for IRIX called "topcl"; it was about this time that I started a software
company (Easy Software Products) with a friend of mine to sell printing
and 3D modeling software.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>I guess my motivation all
along has been to get what I have on the screen of my computer (pictures,
computer graphics, etc.) printed out.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
What can you tell us about the current printing solutions available for
Linux? How do the commercial solutions differ from using the stock "lpr"
system?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: The current
printing solutions are pretty primitive compared to the typical MacOS/Windows
environment. PostScript printers are pretty well supported, however accessing
specific printer features is usually difficult, if not impossible.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>The standard print drivers
shipped with the commercial Linux distributions (Red Hat, etc.) support
printing of text and PostScript files. Support for non-PostScript printers
is limited to the available drivers for GhostScript.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Currently there is only 1
commercial printing solution that I know of - PostShop from Vividata (http://www.vividata.com).
Besides supporting PostScript and text files, they also support a number
of image file formats (JPEG, GIF, etc.) and PDF (Acrobat) files directly.
PostShop for Linux uses the Alladin GhostScript 5.10 drivers for non-PostScript
printers.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Another commercial driver
package that will be available soon from my company is ESP Print. Like
Vividata, we support a lot of different printers and file formats. The
main difference is that we are also providing a new printing system that
replaces the existing system (typically LPD or LPRng) with the Common UNIX
Printing System (CUPS). CUPS uses the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP)
and supports printer browsing, making it network-friendly. Also, CUPS supports
job-specific options (something that LPD-based solutions do not) so that
you can select different media sizes, type, trays, etc.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
What is IPP and how does it relate to Linux?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: IPP is the Internet
Printing Protocol, which is slated to become the next network printing
standard. Vendors including Xerox, Hewlett Packard, and Microsoft are adding
IPP support in their next generation of products, so having IPP support
in Linux is important.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse</font></i></b>:
Are you familiar with the recent InfoWorld article announcing the Universal
Printer Driver Format (UPDF)? If so, what can you tell us about this and
how might it relate to Linux? (http://www.infoworld.com/cgi-bin/displayStory.pl?981024.ehprint.htm)</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: UPDF looks similar
to Adobe's PostScript Printer Description (PPD) specification, just extended
to support any printer language.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>It would be interesting if
they actually pull this off, however I know from experience that it will
be difficult for anything but "standard" printers (e.g. PostScript and
PCL). Most of the entry-level printers shipped these days use proprietary
command sets and many reduce the manufacturing costs by implementing printer
functions in software rather than hardware.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>As for Linux support, it's
too early to say...</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
Wow. Lots of new acronyms for us printing-novices. So how does IPP relate
to the use of UPDF or even PPD? It sounds like we'll be using IPP to send
printer description files to printers. Does this mean IPP is how we'll
talk to printers and UPDF is what we'll be saying?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: PPD and UPDF
control what a print driver or application will send to the printer while
IPP provides a standard protocol (via HTTP) for sending those jobs to a
networked printer or server. It is likely that an IPP printer or server
will provide the PPD or UPDF file to a printer driver or application via
HTTP, something like:</font></font>
<blockquote><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>http://myprinter.domain.com:631/printer.ppd</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>or:</font></font>
<blockquote><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>http://myprinter.domain.com:631/printers/QueueName.ppd
[CUPS does this]</font></font></blockquote>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Keep in mind that PPD, UPDF,
and IPP are all separate entities and can operate independently. IPP, for
example, is currently only a network printing protocol and would not apply
to printers connected to a local port (e.g. parallel port).</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Also, a big question is how
a printer will be "discovered" on the network so drivers and applications
know to use the IPP protocol. Currently there are dozens of "standard"
protocols, known as Directory Services, for this kind of thing. IPP doesn't
mandate any particular directory service, and right now work is underway
to update SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), LDAP (Lightwight Directory
Access Protocol), and SLP (Service Location Protocol) to handle the needs
of IPP, specifically the URL/URIs to use for the printer. CUPS will be
using its own protocol until things settle down and we see which protocol(s)
are most commonly implemented.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
You wrote the Print Plug-In for the Gimp. What was your motivation for
doing this?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: When I started
using GIMP to retouch some of my photos, I noticed there wasn't a way to
print yet. I ended up adding support for most of the entry-level inkjets,
mostly because Linux user's didn't have any other option.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
Did it take you long to write the first version of the plug-in?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: It took about
4 days to get the first version up and running. The output was OK, but
the user interface left a lot to be desired. The current release amounts
to maybe 100 hours worth of work.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
What sort of problems did you encounter while writing the plug-in?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: The biggest
one (one that is still causing problems, in fact) is dealing with different
printing systems. Each UNIX vendor uses a different spooler, so I had to
put a lot of extra code in the plug-in to deal with it.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse</font></i></b>:
How do you see this plug-in evolving with the Gimp? Will there need to
be any major changes for the 1.2 release?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: GIMP 1.2 (and
the 1.1 development version) adds support for different color spaces and
resolutions. This will require quite a bit of "retooling" in the plug-in
to handle this. The new versions of GIMP will also support physical resolution
information, so if you're editing a 300 DPI image the print plug-in will
need to handle that for scaling...</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
I recently wrote a number of plug-ins, one of which could definitely use
a direct interface to the Print plug-in. Do you have any tips for plug-in
authors who would like to call the Print plug-in directly? Or do you recommend
this not be done?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: It can be done
through the PDB interface, however I would definitely use the interactive
mode of operation. The non-interactive mode prevents users from selecting
the printer and/or options they want.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
I noticed the margins in the Print dialog could only be set to 0 if you
use the PPI setting. Is that intentional or was it possibly user error?
I was trying to print a large document, 8.5"x11" at 360 DPI and didn't
want the print plug-in to add any margins on its own.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: That's intentional,
as it knows what the printable area is on the printer. If you have a so-called
"full bleed" printer, the print plug-in will allow you to scale to the
full size of the page.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse</font></i></b>:
Does the Print plug-in now, or will it in the future, work with the commercial
printing solutions?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: Yes, it already
works with any software that uses the lp/lpr spooler interface. A future
release of the plug-in will take advantage of printer information supplied
by CUPS as well.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse</font></i></b>:
What tips would you have for a novice user who is trying to decide on a
new printer? What should they look for?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: Before they
start looking they need to answer a few questions:</font></font>
<ol>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Do I want to print color?</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Do I want to print pages larger
than 8.5x11" (Letter) or 8.27x11.69" (A4)</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>How many pages will I print
in a month?</font></font></li>
</ol>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>If you need (or want) to print
color, you'll normally only be looking at the InkJet printers from EPSON,
Canon, or HP. [FWIW, I've had problems with Canon inkjet printers, primarily
due to clogged heads]</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>The easiest printers to connect
to a UNIX system are PostScript printers. These usually cost more than
non-PostScript printers, but don't forget to figure in the cost of driver
software with your choice.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse</font></i></b>:
Aren't most ink jets non-Postscript printers? I though Postscript printers
were all laser printers.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: There are a
number of PostScript inkjet printers; HP's DeskJet 1600CM and DesignJet
plotters have PostScript options, as well as inkjets from Tektronix, EPSON,
Calcomp, Xerox, etc.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>There are also a number of
PostScript printers using alternative technologies, like Tektronix's "solid
ink" based printers, dye-sub printers, and so forth.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>It's possible for *any* printer
to have built-in PostScript, however this generally raises the price of
a printer. You also have to be careful about how the PostScript capability
is implemented. For example, EPSON offers PostScript printing options for
their Stylus Color 800 through 3000 printers, however these are all software
RIPs and not built into the hardware of the printer. Only the Stylus Pro
5000 has a hardware RIP (made by Fiery, a very big PostScript RIP vendor).</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
Do you see integration coming between printing on Linux and the two leading
desktop choices, KDE and GNOME? If so, when do you think this might be
available? Do you expect drag-and-drop printing options?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: Until there
is a non-commercial version of Qt I don't see KDE and GNOME coming together.
Qt is the source of many flame wars on newsgroups and mailing lists, and
the desire amongst Linux users for free software is strong. There is work
in progress to make a LGPL'd version of Qt available, so it is likely that
some common method for drag-n-drop will be adopted for both desktops.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>This will also require a
standard printing system, and I'm hoping that CUPS will fill that need...</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse</font></i></b>:
What about professional (re: business) users - what should they look for
when print quality is more important and usage is likely to be much greater?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S.</b>: I'd still stick
with those three questions. If you are sharing the printer over your LAN
I'd definitely look at getting a network card with the printer.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Question #3 is very important
for business users; trust me, if you exceed the monthly use rating for
a printer it *will* fail more rapidly.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>If price is a concern, look
for printers that can be expanded/upgraded down the road. Hewlett Packard
has several good laser printers (color and B&W) that meet this criteria.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse:</font></i></b>
Any other thoughts on printing?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b>M.S</b>: Printing under
UNIX currently lags behind Windows/MacOS in a number of important ways:</font></font>
<ol>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>There is little integration
between the application and printing system. Applications therefore lack
information such as supported media sizes, color profiles, and so forth.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Every UNIX varient has its own
printing interface. Usually they follow the System V or BSD interfaces,
however there are some oddballs out there that make printing in a UNIX
application difficult.</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Printer vendors typically do
not write drivers for UNIX. This means that UNIX users have to buy extra
software for their printer just to get it to work. It also means that the
output under UNIX may not be the same (or as good) as the corresponding
Windows/MacOS printer driver. Many vendors support these 3rd party developers,
however the most important stuff (dithering algorithms, color profiles,
and proprietary protocols) is *not* shared, which usually results in a
loss of print quality or preventing a 3rd party from supporting a printer.</font></font></li>
</ol>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><b><i><font color="#993300">'Muse</font></i></b>:
Thanks for taking the time to answer these questions for my readers, Your
responses have been very helpful!</font></font>
<br>
<table BORDER=0 COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#000000" NOSAVE >
<tr NOSAVE>
<td NOSAVE><img SRC="apr98/images/cleardot.gif" height=2 width=2></td>
</tr>
</table>
<a NAME="rsrc"></a><img SRC="../gx/hammel/resources.jpg" height=50 width=245>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>The following links are
just starting points for finding more information about computer graphics
and multimedia in general for Linux systems. If you have some application
specific information for me, I'll add them to my other pages or you can
contact the maintainer of some other web site. I'll consider adding other
general references here, but application or site specific information needs
to go into one of the following general references and not listed here.</font></font>
<br>
<table BORDER=0 COLS=2 WIDTH="100%" NOSAVE >
<tr NOSAVE>
<td NOSAVE><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Online Magazines
and News sources </font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.news.com/">C|Net
Tech News</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.eklektix.com/lwn/">Linux
Weekly News</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://slashdot.org/">Slashdot.org</a></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>General Web Sites </font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.graphics-muse.org/linux.html">Linux
Graphics</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.bright.net/~dlphilp/linux_soundapps.html">Linux
Sound/Midi Page</a></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Some of the Mailing Lists
and Newsgroups I keep an eye on and where I get much of the information
in this column </font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.gimp.org">The
Gimp User and Gimp Developer Mailing Lists</a>. </font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.irtc.org">The
IRTC-L discussion list</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="news:comp.graphics.rendering.raytracing">comp.graphics.rendering.raytracing</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="news:comp.graphics.rendering.renderman">comp.graphics.rendering.renderman</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="news:comp.graphics.api.opengl">comp.graphics.api.opengl</a></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="news:comp.os.linux.announce">comp.os.linux.announce</a></font></font></td>
<td><img SRC="../gx/hammel/gmuse-2.jpg" HSPACE=10 BORDER=2 height=248 width=200></td>
</tr>
</table>
<a NAME="future"></a>
<h2>
Future Directions</h2>
<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Next month: I'm not sure
yet. I'm still in transition but have a few ideas. If I can
get hold of some cards I may do a bit on the bttv drivers for PC-TV
adapters that can do some screen captures.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1><a href="mailto:mjhammel@graphics-muse.org">Let
me know what you'd like to hear about!</a></font></font>
<br>
<hr NOSHADE WIDTH="100%">
<div align=right><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>© 1999
<a href="mailto:mjhammel@graphics-muse.org">Michael
J. Hammel</a></font></font></div>
<!--===================================================================-->
<P> <HR> <P>
<center><H4>Previous ``Graphics Muse'' Columns</H4></center>
<p>
<A HREF="../issue11/gm.html">Graphics Muse #1, November 1996</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue12/gm.html">Graphics Muse #2, December 1996</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue13/gm.html">Graphics Muse #3, January 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue14/gm.html">Graphics Muse #4, February 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue15/gm.html">Graphics Muse #5, March 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue16/gm.html">Graphics Muse #6, April 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue17/gm.html">Graphics Muse #7, May 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue18/gm.html">Graphics Muse #8, June 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue19/gm.html">Graphics Muse #9, July 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue20/gm.html">Graphics Muse #10, August 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue22/gm.html">Graphics Muse #11, October 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue23/gm.html">Graphics Muse #12, December 1997</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue25/gm.html">Graphics Muse #13, February 1998</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue26/gm.html">Graphics Muse #14, March 1998</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue27/gm.html">Graphics Muse #15, April 1998</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue31/gm.html">Graphics Muse #16, August 1998</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue32/gm.html">Graphics Muse #17, September 1998</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue33/gm.html">Graphics Muse #18, October 1998</A><BR>
<A HREF="../issue34/gm.html">Graphics Muse #19, November 1998</A><BR>
<!--===================================================================-->
<P> <hr> <P>
<center><H5>Copyright © 1999, Michael J. Hammel <BR>
Published in Issue 37 of <i>Linux Gazette</i>, February 1999</H5></center>
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