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|
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<title>More Two Cent Tips! LG #99</title>
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<p id="fun">...making Linux just a little more fun!</p>
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<h1>More Two Cent Tips!</h1>
<p>
<center><STRONG>See also: The Answer Gang's
<a href="../tag/kb.html">Knowledge Base</a>
and the <i>LG</i>
<a href="http://www.linuxgazette.net/search.html">Search Engine</a></STRONG>
</center><HR>
<UL>
<!-- index_text begins -->
<li><A HREF="#tips.1"
><strong>no-floppy system configuration</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.2"
><strong>Nice value in XFree86 startup</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.3"
><strong>CPU Support on Linux</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.4"
><strong>mac 5200</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.5"
><strong>Miller-Daemon</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.6"
><strong>what is "no"? (missing prog for binutils compile)</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.7"
><strong>What is Linux Torvalds wife famous for</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.8"
><strong>pppd problem</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.9"
><strong>PPP & ETH won't work concurrently</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.10"
><strong>Red Hat Linux Install issues</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.11"
><strong>pam and ssh</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.12"
><strong>Pctel modem ................NO CARRIER..........?????</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.13"
><strong>Which VT? Custom prompts.</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.14"
><strong>workaround for black lines on Radeon mobility 7500</strong></a>
<li><A HREF="#tips.15"
><strong>Cool toy of the week: XaoS</strong></a>
<!-- index_text ends -->
</UL>
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.1"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">no-floppy system configuration</FONT></H3>
Thu, 8 Jan 2004 11:47:45 -0500
<BR>Ben Okopnik (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=ben@callahans.org&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%231">The <em>LG</em> Answer Gang</a>)
<P>
Many new laptops come without a floppy drive; the one that I just
bought, an Acer Aspire 2003LMi, does not have one - it's available as an
extra option, but I don't see myself needing it. However, part of my
standard method for converting Win-machines to dual-boot involves using
FIPS, which I use to "shrink" the Wind0ws partition to a minimal size -
and FIPS normally runs from a floppy. What to do?
</P>
<P>
Here's an interesting fact that many people may not be aware of: the
bootable part of a CD consists of nothing more than a bootable <EM>floppy</EM>
image. So, I simply took a DOS boot floppy containing FIPS, and made a
byte-by-byte copy:
</P>
<blockquote><pre># Create a directory to hold the CD data (none at the moment) plus "boot"
ben@Fenrir:~$ mkdir -p /tmp/cdrom/boot
</pre></blockquote>
<blockquote><pre># Create byte-by-byte copy in "boot.img"
ben@Fenrir:~$ dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/tmp/cdrom/boot/boot.img
</pre></blockquote>
<P>
I then created an ISO image containing that disk copy. If I wanted any
other data on that CD (I'll probably make another one with a bunch of
DOS utilities on it later; I've been using bootable DOS "tool" floppies
for over 20 years to repair broken Wind0ws systems), I'd copy that data
into "<TT>/tmp/cdrom</TT>", and it would become part of that image.
</P>
<blockquote><pre>ben@Fenrir:~$ cd /tmp/cdrom
ben@Fenrir:/tmp/cdrom$ mkisofs -r -b boot/boot.img -c boot/boot.catalog -o bootcd.iso .
</pre></blockquote>
<P>
All that was left was to burn the newly-created image to a CD:
</P>
<blockquote><pre>ben@Fenrir:/tmp/cdrom$ sudo cdrecord -v -eject speed=8 dev=0,0,0 bootcd.iso
</pre></blockquote>
<P>
The only downside to this is not being able to save the boot sector to
the floppy before repartitioning... but in the worst case, it's a new
system without any of my data on it, and it's not a concern. Besides, I
have Linux, and boot sector recovery is rather trivial.
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
</P>
<!-- end 1 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.2"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">Nice value in XFree86 startup</FONT></H3>
Sat, 24 Jan 2004 21:56:43 +0000
<BR>Thomas Adam (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=jacobo221@hotmail.com&cc=thomas_adam16@yahoo.com&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%232">The <em>LG</em> Weekend Mechanic</a>)
<BR>Question by Jacobo ;-) (jacobo221 from hotmail.com)
<P><STRONG>
Hi,
first of all, sorry for my english, I try my best, but I use to fail in
spelling and grammar
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=";-)"
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
Well, I'm writting to you because I have a problem at Xfree86's startup. I'm
useing kernel 2.4, so I have, in Xwrapper.config, nice value set to -10
("nice_value=-10"), but when entering "startx", just before entering
Xfree86, a message is shown: "warning: process set to nice value -11 instead
of -10 as requested". If I then change nice value to -11, then the startx
script changes nice value to -12. If I change it to -12, it changes it to
-13, and so on for any number between [-20, 19]. I've searched for many days
(weeks, in fact) on the web and asked at #debian, but no answers. I hope you
can lend me a hand. Btw, XFree86 runs perfectly ok, it's just that I hate
having error messages.
Thanx a lot for your help!
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Thomas]
By my knowledge of how X starts up it is not startx which is changing
this. Just out of curiosity, run (as root):
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre>dpkg-reconfigure xserver-common
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
to see if that fixes anything. I have grepped through the startup files
that I use (I am running debian unstable) and there is nothing besides the
value in <TT>/etc/X11/Xwrapper.config</TT> which sets or changes the nice value of
X.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
As a long shot (and possibly a complete aside) you don't have the "and"
package installed, do you?
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 2 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.3"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">CPU Support on Linux</FONT></H3>
Sun, 22 Jun 2003 14:10:02 +0100 (BST)
<BR>Ashwin N (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=Shishir_Bagchi@lko.tcs.co.in&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%233">The <em>LG</em> Answer Gang</a>)
<BR>Question by Shishir_Bagchi (Shishir_Bagchi from lko.tcs.co.in)
<P><STRONG>
Upto how many CPUs does Linux Support in --
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
a) CISC Technology
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
b) RISC Technology
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[ashwin]
The numbers for the individual architectures for the current kernels can be got
here -
<A HREF="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/SMP-HOWTO.html"
>http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/SMP-HOWTO.html</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Expect much much better support with the 2.6 series.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 3 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.4"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">mac 5200</FONT></H3>
Wed, 31 Dec 2003 19:53:51 -0500
<BR>Neil Youngman (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=cru1se@comcast.net&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%234">The <em>LG</em> Answer Gang</a>)
<BR>Question by sheldon k feldman (cru1se from comcast.net)
<P><STRONG>
Can I load linux onto this machine? Where do I get the software?
thanks
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Neil]
MkLinux supports the 5200 see
<A HREF="http://linuxtoday.com/developer/2000080401404OSHWKN"
>http://linuxtoday.com/developer/2000080401404OSHWKN</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE><DL><DT>
Other Mac Linuxes include Yellow dog Linux
<DD><A HREF="http://www.yellowdoglinux.com/support/hardware/breakdown/index.php"
>http://www.yellowdoglinux.com/support/hardware/breakdown/index.php</A>
</DL></BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 4 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.5"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">Miller-Daemon</FONT></H3>
Fri, 6 Jun 2003 22:17:25 EDT
<BR>Weswwallace (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=gazette@ssc.com&cc=Weswwallace@aol.com&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%235">Weswwallace from aol.com</a>)
<br>Answered By Jason Creighton
<P><STRONG>
How do I get an E-maikl to above subject? They interrupt my messages.
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Jason]
What you seem to be asking is "why am I getting messages from Mailer-Daemon"?
A message from "Mailer-Daemon" is probably the MTA (Mail transport agent: The
software that delivers mail.) sending a message that says, in effect, "excuse
me, but you seem to be confused. There is no such mailbox here."
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><STRONG>
claim no such addresses exist, etc.,
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Jason]
The automated message you're recieving means just what it says: No such
address exists. For example, if you try to send email to bob@example.com, and
there is no user bob at example.com, you're probably going to get a bounce
message that says no such address exists.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><STRONG>
yet they cannot be questioned or challenged ever when they are wrong. Help.
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Jason]
The reason "they" cannot be questioned is because you're getting an automated
message: It was not send by a human.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Nobody would know better whether an address exists than the system you're
sending mail to, so I would say that the system you're sending mail to is
right and you are wrong.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 5 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.6"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">what is "no"? (missing prog for binutils compile)</FONT></H3>
Thu, 29 May 2003 15:53:14 -0700
<BR>Faber fedor, Jim Dennis, Alan Mudra (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%236">The <em>LG</em> Answer Gang</a>)
<BR>Question by Karl-Heinz Herrmann
<P><STRONG>
Now -- it's an unbearable situation that my Linux doesn't know "no".... But
I've no idea what it is and you can imagine that a google for "no" even with
linux and some other keywords around are not very helpful.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Any ideas?
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Faber]
Maybe it's called "nein" on your computer? <grvf>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I can't find a "no" on my <A HREF="http://www.redhat.com/">Red Hat</A> 8 box either.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[JimD]
I think <TT>/usr/bin/no</TT> was (would be) a counterpart to the old
<TT>/usr/bin/yes</TT> command:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre> #!/bin/sh
OUTPUT='y'
[ "$#" -gt 1] && OUTPUT="$*"
while : ; do
echo "$OUTPUT"
done
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
... so "no" could just be an alias or script that calls <TT>/usr/bin/yes</TT>
with the "no" argument:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre> /usr/bin/yes no
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I realize this sounds silly and stupid, and April 1st is long past for
this year. But I'm not kidding. That Makefile (or whatever) seems to
actually want to pipe an endless stream of "n" or "no" lines into some
other process. (<TT>/usr/bin/yes</TT> was traditionally used in a pipeline with
fsck to automate the process of repairing a filesystem that need lots
of work -- then they just added the -y option to the GNU/Linux versions
of fsck.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><STRONG>
I put the question up with bugreports for binutils and got:
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BLOCKQuote>
[Alan]
</BLOCKQuote></BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre>> /bin/sh: no: command not found
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
This is a result of binutils being stuck on using old buggy autoconf.
Install a new version of GNU gettext, or configure with --disable-nls.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
--
Alan Modra
IBM OzLabs - Linux Technology Centre
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><STRONG>
Got a new gettext which includes some "no"'s
</STRONG></P>
<pre><strong>khh > find ./ -name "no*"
./gettext-runtime/po/no.po
./gettext-runtime/po/no.gmo
./gettext-tools/po/no.po
./gettext-tools/po/no.gmo
</strong></pre>
<P><STRONG>
unfortunately with a new gettext (gettext-0.12.1.tar.gz) and nls enabled I
get a linker error for some gettext symbol. The solution without nls works
for getting binutils compiled. I try that on the 2.5.70 kernel sometime soon.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Does anybody know of a backport to 2.4.X of the preempt patch and or the I/O
scheme patches mentioned on kerneltrap right now? I'm not yet sure what else
will break if I switch to 2.5.X. At least NVdriver, lt_serial+lt_modem and
vmware kernel modules would be nice to have.
</STRONG></P>
<!-- end 6 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.7"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">What is Linux Torvalds wife famous for</FONT></H3>
Thu, 19 Jun 2003 15:00:53 +0100 (BST)
<BR>Ashwin N, Thomas Adam (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=pdrake@northern.wvnet.edu&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%237">The <em>LG</em> Answer Gang</a>)
<BR>Question by Pam Drake (pdrake from northern.wvnet.edu)
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Thomas]
Well, she's famous for being married to Linus Torvalds.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Ashwin]
She is also famous for being Finland's champion in kung-fu or some similar
martial art
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=";-)"
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><font color="#000066">Linus was interviewed in Issue 67 of Linux Journal, by Marjorie
Richardson at the Linux World Expo of that year. Tove was 6 years
running, the Finnish champion for karate, specializing in precise Kata
(the forms), then moved on to other interests.
-- Heather</font></blockquote>
<!-- end 7 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.8"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">pppd problem</FONT></H3>
Thu, 26 Jun 2003 01:30:57 +0530
<BR>Joydeep Bakshi (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=linux-questions-only@ssc.com&cc=joy12@vsnl.net&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%238">joy12 from vsnl.net</a>)
<br>Answered By Thomas Adam
<P>
Hi all,
</P>
<P>
I use kppp under linux to dial-up my isp. but there is a strange problem
happens with me. when I dial-up from windows98 it connects with the isp at
the very first attempt. but under Linux (debian woody) kppp takes at-least
3/4 attempts to connect the isp, and during the failure it shows *pppd can't
be started * . I have also started pppd from root manually at the time of
hooking, but the result is same. could some one please suggest me how to fix
the problem ?
</P>
<P>
thanks in advanced.
</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Thomas]
You need to ensure that you have a ppp-chat script enabled which is used
by pppd to comminicate with the modem to send certain signals, etc.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
wvdial will help for this
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 8 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.9"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">PPP & ETH won't work concurrently</FONT></H3>
Fri, 5 Dec 2003 09:48:52 -0800 (PST)
<BR>Joe Slobotnik (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=linux-questions-only@ssc.com&cc=cj@rt.nl&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%239">cj from rt.nl</a>)
<br>Answered By Thomas Adam, Karl-Heinz Herrmann
<P><STRONG>
Hi,
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
I'm running red hat 9 with an ethernet card to a LAN and a modem for dial up. I'm using kppp for the dial up. When the eth0 int is active, kppp will establish a connection but DNS fails. The DNS listed for both interfaces is the dialup one, but I can't resolve names unless the eth0 is shutdown. How can I , an ordinary joe get these things to work at the same time ?
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
thanks,
<BR>cj
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Thomas]
There is either a really easy or hard explanation. I think I am right in
saying that you need to have a correct entry in your routing table to use
the two concurrently, since the routing will not know.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
As far as DNS goes, do you have a valid entry in <TT>/etc/resolv.conf</TT> and also
an entry in <TT>/etc/nsswitch.conf:</TT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre>hosts: files dns
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
like that? If not, add the "dns" after the word "files".
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[K.-H.]
Well kppp (or pppd which kppp calls) refuses to setup a default route if
one already exists. The magic scrying ball (glass?) would suggest with
eth0 up you've a default route set. On dailup via kppp you won't get a
default route to your ppp0 interface and therefore DNS lookups to the
world outside never reach there.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
This is how it should look lie with both eth0 and ppp0 (kppp) up (I cut
out three columns which are unimportant):
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre># route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Iface
62.104.218.38 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH ppp0
192.168.2.3 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH dummy0
10.10.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U eth0
172.16.57.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U vmnet1
0.0.0.0 62.104.218.38 0.0.0.0 UG ppp0
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I've two private networks, real ethernet as 10.10.10.0 and
vmware virtual host as 172.16.57.0. The "0" at the end suggests and a
genmask of 255.255.255.0 proves that these are networks, i.e. not a
single host but all hosts 10.10.10.x with 1<x<255 (zero is broadcast
address to all). If you look at the flags "H" means this is only one
single host, "G" means this is a gateway.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
The last line is the default routing, i.e. if no other routing rule
applies all remaining traffic this way. The way is interface ppp0 and
the target the gateway IP 62.104.218.38, our remote host on the other
end of the modem line (see first line).
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Now I'm pretty sure that in your case there is a line like:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre>0.0.0.0 [some IP] 0.0.0.0 UG eth0
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
If this is the case kppp will not touch it and if you would have looked
carefully in your <TT>/var/log/messages</TT> (or kppp's log) you would have found
an error telling you this.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
If I guessed right run (as root):
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre>route del default
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
then start kppp's dialin
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
After that figure out why RedHat sets a default route (I'm with the
lizard and without hats).
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
If I did not guess right you oviously didn't give enough information....
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 9 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.10"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">Red Hat Linux Install issues</FONT></H3>
Sun, 29 Jun 2003 15:34:59 -0400
<BR>Srinivas Velury (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=linux-questions-only@ssc.com&cc=s_velury@hotmail.com&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2310">s_velury from hotmail.com</a>)
<br>Answered By Mike Martin
<P><STRONG>
Hi Answer Guy,
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
I am having a peculiar problem with the <A HREF="http://www.redhat.com/">Red Hat</A> 9 installation. I am trying
to install it on a IBM thinkpad 1721 laptop with a formatted hard drive. The
laptop has a combo floppy/CD ROM drive. The laptop seems to be seeing the CD
ROM dirve but it is not able to read anything off it. The laptop has a
PCMCIA network adapter card which I used to connect to my home networking.
The other laptop on the home networking has Win 2000 running on it. Here are
the following waya I tried to install Linux -
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
1. I created a Linux boot disk using the pcmcia.img and booted the IBM
laptop and selected NFS install. On the other laptop I copied all the Red
Hat folders from the 3 installation CDs. I selected "Automatic DNS
configuration" to configure the DNS names for the IBM machine. For the NFS
server name I typed in the name (which did not have a domain name since I
log into a workgroup and not a domain) and typed in the actual directory of
the Redhat parent folder (d:\redhat9). But I get an error that the drive
could not be mounted.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Then I grabbed a Freeware called NFSClientServer and installed it on the Win
200 laptop. Here I exported the RedHat directory (d:\RedHat9\RedHat). Then I
followed the above steps on the IBM machine for NFS installation. Even
though my requests form the IBM machine seemed to log in the Server log on
the Win 2000 machine, I still could not mount the directory. What am I
missing?
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
2. Failing the above attempt, I attached a SCSI CD ROM to my IBM machine.
Then I made a boot disk using the bootdisk.img. After booting the IBM, I
selected "local CDROM" for the source, but I kept getting the message "No
software found in CDROM". Obvously, Linux was not seeing my SCSI CDROM, but
since it detected my internal (failed) CDROM, and could not read off of it,
it was giving me the message. How do I make it look at my SCSI CDROM?
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
I even tried making a boot disk using the "drvblock.img" file, but for some
reason when I use the disk, I get the message " No operation system found".
When I look at the disk contents the, it seems like the format information
on the disk is lost and Windows explorer asks me if I "want to format the
disk"? I even tried the same using Linux 7.3 (Red Hat), same error.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Please help.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Regards,
<BR>A Wexed Linux Installer.
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Mike]
OK - your best bet would be a HD install.
If you have copied the folders over you have enough HD space.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
In w2k make a directory to hold the iso images
In turn copy the cds to this directory (not the contents - I think
Nero should be able to do this)
You should then have three files in this directory, all ending in
.iso
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Now boot using your boot.img disk.
When you get get prompted for installation type, choose HD
then select the right partition where there are held (probably
<TT>/dev/hda1</TT> on your system if you choose the first partition)
then select the directory you have placed the .iso files in.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Then you should be good to go.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 10 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.11"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">pam and ssh</FONT></H3>
Wed, 25 Jun 2003 10:08:28 -0500
<BR>Lou Lohman (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=linux-questions-only@ssc.com&cc=LLohman@WeberMarking.com&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2311">LLohman from WeberMarking.com</a>)
<br>Answered By Thomas Adam, Michael Gargiullo
<P><STRONG>
Dear Answer Gang,
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Try as I might, I am unable to figure out just what to do to allow a trusted
user on a trusted host to use 'scp' to copy files from one system to another
WITHOUT a password prompt. We WANT to do this in order to use 'scp' in
scripts initiated by CRON. We NEED to do this because 'rcp' gives us 'file
too large' responses. I have tried modifying <TT>/etc/pam.d/sshd</TT> (at least to
the limits of my understanding). I can make scp NOT work at all, or require
the password, but I cannot make it work without the password. Changing the
<TT>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</TT> file doesn't make any difference, that I can see, even
though that file now says 'go ahead and use the rhosts files'.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Can someone help me? Anyone? I would offer a carrot, like "I'll subscribe
to LJ", but I already do. I would offer virtual hugs and kisses, but the
respondent might be male, in which case an old homophobe like me is going to
have a problem. How about "undying gratitude"? Yeah, that's the ticket ...
it's easy, it's cheap, I could even teach my kids to sing appropriate
praises .. yeah, that's it .... Where's Jon Lovitz when you really need him?
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Lou Lohman
</STRONG></P>
<blockquote><code><font color="#000033"><br>Don't just BELIEVE!! Consume information like a starving person, and then sort it out for yourself.
</font></code></blockquote>
<blockquote><font color="#000066">And we know he reads ask-the-gang.html, he gave us explicit permission
to publish the whole thread just like we ask for
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
height="24" width="20" align="middle"> Now if we could get
people to remember to turn off HTML in their email...
-- Heather</font></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Thomas]
You need to run "scp" with the "-B" flag, ie.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre>scp -B files thomas@thomas
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Batchmode doesn't require password authentication. You can also add this
in <TT>/etc/ssh_config</TT> as...
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<blockquote><pre>BatchMode=yes
</pre></blockquote>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
that way, you don't have to pass the -B switch each time.
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Mike]
You can also exchange keys from one user/machine to the other. If you
want to copy from machine A to machine B. On machine A, as the user that
needs to copy, run ssh-keygen -t dsa. This will generate the key pair.
Then he'll need to copy the contents of ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub from machine A
into ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on machine B. Then copying from machine A
to machine B won't require a password for this user. Do the reverse to
copy from B to A.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 11 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.12"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">Pctel modem ................NO CARRIER..........?????</FONT></H3>
Thu, 26 Jun 2003 08:22:13 +0530
<BR>Vivek Ravindranath (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=linux-questions-only@ssc.com&cc=vivek_ravindranath@softhome.net&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2312">vivek_ravindranath from softhome.net</a>)
<br>Answered By Karl-Heinz Herrmann
<P><STRONG>
Hi Answer Gang,
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
I have some problems trying to connect with my HSP Pctel Micromodem 56.I have
RedHat 9 installed and I use kppp for conneting to the net.When I try to
connect the handshake goes on well and all of a sudden I get this "No
Carrier" message.Can you tell what causes this error and what is the
solution.............please sugget an alternative driver if available.At
present I am using the Pctel drivers available at www.linmodems.org version
0.9.6 . Can any special AT command string help?????? If yes please suggest a
solution.Or using any other dialer will help????
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Thanks in advance.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Vivek.
</STRONG></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[K.-H.]
no carrier means the modem is unable to detect the carrier frequency onto
which data would be encoded. As this is a fatal problem it hangs up and tells
you "no carrier".
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Why is the carrier gone? difficult to tell from here. What do your logfiles
say? kppp has a log button, use it!
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
At <EM>exactly what point</EM> of connection negotiation does the error occur? Do
you get the "connect" in the log window? Then the dialing is finished and
control passed to pppd -- which logs it's messages in <TT>/var/log/messages</TT> or
some such place. Go look for it. You can pass additional option to pppd in
kppp: add "debug". Make sure to press the add button in the kppp window so
the new option is actually used (should show up in the lower larger window).
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
My guess: serial connection gets established, pppd get's into some trouble
negotiating the ppp parameters (user/passwd? pap <-> chap <-> terminal
authentification, compression,.... ) and the other side terminates on you.
Your modem detects the lost carrier and tells you.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 12 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.13"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">Which VT? Custom prompts.</FONT></H3>
Mon, 23 Jun 2003 13:59:58 +0100 (BST)
<BR>Toby Poynder (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=linux-questions-only@ssc.com&cc=toby@whatcouldpossibly.com&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2313">toby from whatcouldpossibly.com</a>)
<P><STRONG>
Here's a suggestion for your 2 cent tips section - I hope you like it.
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
When working with Linux servers I don't run X, preferring to make use
of the virtual terminals via Alt-F1, Alt-F2, Alt-F3 etc. The problem is
knowing which screen I am looking at, so I have devised a custom
prompt by including the following two lines in my .profile:
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG><BLOCKQuote>
TTY=`basename \`tty\"
export PS1="[$TTY] \w$ "
</BLOCKQuote></STRONG></P>
<P>
Cool
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
</P>
<P><STRONG>
The first line sets the environment variable TTY to the number of the
current virtual terminal, the second sets my prompt to show that number
and the current working directory as in this example:
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG><BLOCKQuote>
[2] <TT>/etc/xinetd.d$</TT>
</BLOCKQuote></STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
That's it!
</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG>
Toby Poynder
London, UK
</STRONG></P>
<P>
I must admit that I often find just typing in "tty" is more efficient than
having it set in one's $PS1 prompt.
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":)"
height="24" width="20" align="middle"> -- Thomas
</P>
<!-- end 13 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.14"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">workaround for black lines on Radeon mobility 7500</FONT></H3>
Wed, 14 Jan 2004 22:06:10 +0000
<BR>Adrian Bridgett (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=adrian@smop.co.uk&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2314">adrian from smop.co.uk</a>)
<P>
To workaround black lines in XFree86 with Radeon mobility 7500
(thinkpad R40 here), add:
</P>
<blockquote><pre>Option ""XaaNoSolidTwoPointLine""
</pre></blockquote>
<P>
To the drivers section of <TT>/etc/X11/XF86Config</TT>(<TT>-4</TT>)
</P>
<P>
Adrian (aka Wyvern on #hants)
</P>
<!-- end 14 -->
<!-- .~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~.~~. -->
<P> <A NAME="tips.15"><HR WIDTH="75%" ALIGN="center"></A> <P>
<H3><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="" SRC="../gx/lil2cent.gif">
<FONT COLOR="navy">Cool toy of the week: XaoS</FONT></H3>
Mon, 16 Jun 2003 20:43:40 -0600
<BR>Jason Creighton, Faber Fedor, Ben Okopnik (<a href="mailto:tag@linuxgazette.net?cc=linux-questions-only@ssc.com&subject=%20Re%3A%20%5BLG%2099%5D%202c%20Tips%20%2315">The <em>LG</em> Answer Gang</a>)
<BLOCKQUOTE><DL><DT>
[Jason]
<DD><A HREF="http://xaos.sf.net"
>http://xaos.sf.net</A>
</DL></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
What is it, you ask?
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Real-time fractal zoomer.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
If that isn't enough to get you to run out and download it, you're probably
not the kind of person who would enjoy it.
<IMG SRC="../gx/dennis/smily.gif" ALT=":-)"
height="24" width="20" align="middle">
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Ben]
And don't forget to take a look at the sample fractals that come with
the "xaos" package, located (under <A HREF="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</A>) in <TT>/usr/share/XaoS/examples.</TT>
(I've got all of these converted to JPGs and use them as
randomly-selected desktop backgrounds.) Beautiful.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[Faber]
Yes, a very nice toy, but I still miss Fractint for DOS. The X/Windows
version had all the features, but just doesn't cut it somehow. A
Mandelbrot set not being full screen looses something, not to mention
they're slower than the DOS version.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I also had an internal IBM program[1] that would map out different phase
space maps stereographically, looking like some of the maps in the
Discrete screen saver in xscreensaver.. Man that was a fun toy; I wish I
could find the source code (it was floating around here on disk years
ago); I'd try to port that to Linux.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
[1] For those of you that don't know it, IBM has a a mini Internet in
place with their own version of "free software", to wit programs written
by Beamers and distributed to other Beamers for fun and collective
profit. And since some of those people had multiple PhDs and worked on
esoteric stuff, some interesting programs cropped up. It's the only
thing I miss from my IBM days.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<!-- end 15 -->
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Published in Issue 99 of Linux Gazette, February 2004
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