/*
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2024 Sebastiano Vigna
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */


package PACKAGE;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.RandomAccess;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.BigArrays;
import static it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.BigArrays.length;
import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.BigList;
import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.Size64;
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.stream.Collector;
#endif

#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE

/** A type-specific big list based on a big array; provides some additional methods that use polymorphism to avoid (un)boxing.
 *
 * <p>This class implements a lightweight, fast, open, optimized,
 * reuse-oriented version of big-array-based big lists. Instances of this class
 * represent a big list with a big array that is enlarged as needed when new entries
 * are created (by increasing its current length by 50%), but is
 * <em>never</em> made smaller (even on a {@link #clear()}). A family of
 * {@linkplain #trim() trimming methods} lets you control the size of the
 * backing big array; this is particularly useful if you reuse instances of this class.
 * Range checks are equivalent to those of {@link java.util}'s classes, but
 * they are delayed as much as possible. The backing big array is exposed by the
 * {@link #elements()} method.
 *
 * <p>This class implements the bulk methods {@code removeElements()},
 * {@code addElements()} and {@code getElements()} using
 * high-performance system calls (e.g., {@link
 * System#arraycopy(Object,int,Object,int,int) System.arraycopy()}) instead of
 * expensive loops.
 *
 * @see java.util.ArrayList
 */

public class BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC extends ABSTRACT_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC implements RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -7046029254386353130L;


#else

/** A type-specific big-array-based big list; provides some additional methods that use polymorphism to avoid (un)boxing.
 *
 * <p>This class implements a lightweight, fast, open, optimized,
 * reuse-oriented version of big-array-based big lists. Instances of this class
 * represent a big list with a big array that is enlarged as needed when new entries
 * are created (by increasing its current length to 50%), but is
 * <em>never</em> made smaller (even on a {@link #clear()}). A family of
 * {@linkplain #trim() trimming methods} lets you control the size of the
 * backing big array; this is particularly useful if you reuse instances of this class.
 * Range checks are equivalent to those of {@link java.util}'s classes, but
 * they are delayed as much as possible.
 *
 * <p>The backing big array is exposed by the {@link #elements()} method. If an instance
 * of this class was created {@linkplain #wrap(Object[][],long) by wrapping},
 * backing-array reallocations will be performed using reflection, so that
 * {@link #elements()} can return a big array of the same type of the original big array; the comments
 * about efficiency made in {@link it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.objects.ObjectArrays} apply here.
 *
 * <p>This class implements the bulk methods {@code removeElements()},
 * {@code addElements()} and {@code getElements()} using
 * high-performance system calls (e.g., {@link
 * System#arraycopy(Object,int,Object,int,int) System.arraycopy()}) instead of
 * expensive loops.
 *
 * @see java.util.ArrayList
 */

public class BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC extends ABSTRACT_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC implements RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -7046029254386353131L;


#endif

	/** The initial default capacity of a big-array big list. */
	public static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 10;

#if ! KEYS_PRIMITIVE
	/** Whether the backing big array was passed to {@code wrap()}. In
	 * this case, we must reallocate with the same type of big array. */
	protected final boolean wrapped;
#endif

	/** The backing big array. */
	protected transient KEY_GENERIC_TYPE a[][];

	/** The current actual size of the big list (never greater than the backing-array length). */
	protected long size;

	/** Creates a new big-array big list using a given array.
	 *
	 * <p>This constructor is only meant to be used by the wrapping methods.
	 *
	 * @param a the big array that will be used to back this big-array big list.
	 */

	protected BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE a[][], @SuppressWarnings("unused") boolean dummy) {
		this.a = a;
#if ! KEYS_PRIMITIVE
		this.wrapped = true;
#endif
	}

	/** Creates a new big-array big list with given capacity.
	 *
	 * @param capacity the initial capacity of the array list (may be 0).
	 */

	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final long capacity) {
		if (capacity < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Initial capacity (" + capacity + ") is negative");
		if (capacity == 0) a = KEY_GENERIC_BIG_ARRAY_CAST BIG_ARRAYS.EMPTY_BIG_ARRAY;
		else a = KEY_GENERIC_BIG_ARRAY_CAST BIG_ARRAYS.newBigArray(capacity);
#if ! KEYS_PRIMITIVE
		wrapped = false;
#endif
	}

	/** Creates a new big-array big list with {@link #DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY} capacity. */

	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST() {
		a = KEY_GENERIC_BIG_ARRAY_CAST BIG_ARRAYS.DEFAULT_EMPTY_BIG_ARRAY; // We delay allocation
#if ! KEYS_PRIMITIVE
		wrapped = false;
#endif
	}

	/** Creates a new big-array big list and fills it with a given type-specific collection.
	 *
	 * @param c a type-specific collection that will be used to fill the array list.
	 */

	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final COLLECTION KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC c) {
		this(Size64.sizeOf(c));
		if (c instanceof BIG_LIST) {
			((BIG_LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC)c).getElements(0, a, 0, size = Size64.sizeOf(c));
		} else {
			for(KEY_ITERATOR KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) add(i.NEXT_KEY());
		}
	}

#if KEYS_REFERENCE

	/** Creates a new big-array big list and fills it with a given collection.
	 *
	 * @param c a collection that will be used to fill the array list.
	 */

	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final Collection KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC c) {
		this(Size64.sizeOf(c));
		if (c instanceof BIG_LIST) {
			((BIG_LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC)c).getElements(0, a, 0, size = Size64.sizeOf(c));
		} else {
			for(Iterator KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext();) add(i.next());
		}
	}

#endif

	/** Creates a new big-array big list and fills it with a given type-specific list.
	 *
	 * @param l a type-specific list that will be used to fill the array list.
	 */

	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final BIG_LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC l) {
		this(l.size64());
		l.getElements(0, a, 0, size = l.size64());
	}

	/** Creates a new big-array big list and fills it with the elements of a given big array.
	 *
	 * @param a a big array whose elements will be used to fill the array list.
	 */

	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE a[][]) {
		this(a, 0, length(a));
	}

	/** Creates a new big-array big list and fills it with the elements of a given big array.
	 *
	 * @param a a big array whose elements will be used to fill the array list.
	 * @param offset the first element to use.
	 * @param length the number of elements to use.
	 */

	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE a[][], final long offset, final long length) {
		this(length);
		BigArrays.copy(a, offset, this.a, 0, length);
		size = length;
	}

	/** Creates a new big-array big list and fills it with the elements returned by an iterator..
	 *
	 * @param i an iterator whose returned elements will fill the array list.
	 */

	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final Iterator<? extends KEY_GENERIC_CLASS> i) {
		this();
		while(i.hasNext()) this.add(KEY_CLASS2TYPE(i.next()));
	}

	/** Creates a new big-array big list and fills it with the elements returned by a type-specific iterator..
	 *
	 * @param i a type-specific iterator whose returned elements will fill the array list.
	 */

	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(final KEY_ITERATOR KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC i) {
		this();
		while(i.hasNext()) this.add(i.NEXT_KEY());
	}

#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE
	/** Returns the backing big array of this big list.
	 *
	 * @return the backing big array.
	 */

	public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][] elements() {
		return a;
	}
#else
	/** Returns the backing big array of this big list.
	 *
	 * <p>If this big-array big list was created by wrapping a given big array, it is guaranteed
	 * that the type of the returned big array will be the same. Otherwise, the returned
	 * big array will be an big array of objects.
	 *
	 * @return the backing big array.
	 */

	public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][] elements() {
		return a;
	}
#endif

	/** Wraps a given big array into a big-array list of given size.
	 *
	 * @param a a big array to wrap.
	 * @param length the length of the resulting big-array list.
	 * @return a new big-array list of the given size, wrapping the given big array.
	 */

	public static KEY_GENERIC BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC wrap(final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE a[][], final long length) {
		if (length > length(a)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("The specified length (" + length + ") is greater than the array size (" + length(a) + ")");
		final BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC l = new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC_DIAMOND(a, false);
		l.size = length;
		return l;
	}

	/** Wraps a given big array into a big-array big list.
	 *
	 * @param a a big array to wrap.
	 * @return a new big-array big list wrapping the given array.
	 */

	public static KEY_GENERIC BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC wrap(final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE a[][]) {
		return wrap(a, length(a));
	}

	/** Creates a new empty big array list. 
	 *
	 * @return a new empty big-array big list.
	 */
	public static KEY_GENERIC BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC of() {
		return new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC_DIAMOND();
	}

	/** Creates a big array list using a list of elements.
	 *
	 * @param init a list of elements that will be used to initialize the big list.
	 *   It is possible (but not assured) that the returned big-array big list will be
	 *   backed by the given array in one of its segments.
	 * @return a new big-array big list containing the given elements.
	 * @see BigArrays#wrap
	 */
	SAFE_VARARGS
	public static KEY_GENERIC BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC of(final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE... init) {
		return wrap(BigArrays.wrap(init));
	}

#if KEYS_INT_LONG_DOUBLE
	/** Collects the result of a primitive {@code Stream} into a new BigArrayBigList.
	 *
	 * <p>This method performs a terminal operation on the given {@code Stream}
	 *
	 * @apiNote Taking a primitive stream instead of returning something like a
	 * {@link java.util.stream.Collector Collector} is necessary because there is no
	 * primitive {@code Collector} equivalent in the Java API.
	 */
	 public static KEY_GENERIC BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC toBigList(JDK_PRIMITIVE_STREAM stream) {
	 	return stream.collect(
	 		BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::new,
	 		BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::add,
	 		BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::addAll);
	 }
	 
	/** Collects the result of a primitive {@code Stream} into a new BigArrayBigList.
	 *
	 * <p>This method performs a terminal operation on the given {@code Stream}
	 *
	 * @apiNote Taking a primitive stream instead returning something like a
	 * {@link java.util.stream.Collector Collector} is necessary because there is no
	 * primitive {@code Collector} equivalent in the Java API.
	 * @implNote The current implementation preallocates the full size for every worker thread when used on parallel streams.
	 *   This can be quite wasteful, as worker threads other then the first don't usually handle the contents of the full stream.
	 */
	public static KEY_GENERIC BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC toBigListWithExpectedSize(JDK_PRIMITIVE_STREAM stream, long expectedSize) {
		return stream.collect(
			() -> new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC(expectedSize),
			BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::add,
			BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::addAll);
	}
#elif KEYS_REFERENCE
	// Collector wants a function that returns the collection being added to.
	private BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC combine(BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC toAddFrom) {
		addAll(toAddFrom);
		return this;
	}

	private static final Collector<KEY_TYPE, ?, BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST<KEY_TYPE>> TO_LIST_COLLECTOR =
		Collector.of(
			BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::new,
			BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::add,
			BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::combine); 

	/** Returns a {@link Collector} that collects a {@code Stream}'s elements into a new ArrayList. */
	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED_RAWTYPES
	public static KEY_GENERIC Collector<KEY_GENERIC_TYPE, ?, BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC> toBigList() {
		return (Collector) TO_LIST_COLLECTOR;
	}

 	/**
 	 * Returns a {@link Collector} that collects a {@code Stream}'s elements into a new ArrayList.
 	 *
 	 * @implNote The current implementation preallocates the full size for every worker thread when used on parallel streams.
	 *   This can be quite wasteful, as worker threads other then the first don't usually handle the contents of the full stream.
 	 */
 	public static KEY_GENERIC Collector<KEY_GENERIC_TYPE, ?, BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC> toBigListWithExpectedSize(long expectedSize) {
 		return Collector.of(
		() -> new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC(expectedSize),
		BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::add,
		BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST::combine);
	}
#endif


	/** Ensures that this big-array big list can contain the given number of entries without resizing.
	 *
	 * @param capacity the new minimum capacity for this big-array big list.
	 */
	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
	public void ensureCapacity(final long capacity) {
		if (capacity <= length(a) || a == BIG_ARRAYS.DEFAULT_EMPTY_BIG_ARRAY) return;
#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE
		a = BigArrays.forceCapacity(a, capacity, size);
#else
		if (wrapped) a = BigArrays.forceCapacity(a, capacity, size);
		else {
			if (capacity > length(a)) {
				final Object t[][] = BIG_ARRAYS.newBigArray(capacity);
				BigArrays.copy(a, 0, t, 0, size);
				a = (KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][])t;
			}
		}
#endif
		assert size <= length(a);
	}

	/** Grows this big-array big list, ensuring that it can contain the given number of entries without resizing,
	 * and in case increasing current capacity at least by a factor of 50%.
	 *
	 * @param capacity the new minimum capacity for this big-array big list.
	 */
	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
	private void grow(long capacity) {
		final long oldLength = length(a);
		if (capacity <= oldLength) return;
		if (a != BIG_ARRAYS.DEFAULT_EMPTY_BIG_ARRAY) capacity = Math.max(oldLength + (oldLength >> 1), capacity);
		else if (capacity < DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY) capacity = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE
		a = BigArrays.forceCapacity(a, capacity, size);
#else
		if (wrapped) a =  BigArrays.forceCapacity(a, capacity, size);
		else {
			final Object t[][] = BIG_ARRAYS.newBigArray(capacity);
			BigArrays.copy(a, 0, t, 0, size);
			a = (KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][])t;
		}
#endif
		assert size <= length(a);
	}

	@Override
	public void add(final long index, final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE k) {
		ensureIndex(index);
		grow(size + 1);
		if (index != size) BigArrays.copy(a, index, a, index + 1, size - index);
		BigArrays.set(a, index, k);
		size++;
		assert size <= length(a);
	}

	@Override
	public boolean add(final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE k) {
		grow(size + 1);
		BigArrays.set(a, size++, k);
		assert size <= length(a);
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE GET_KEY(final long index) {
		if (index >= size) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index (" + index + ") is greater than or equal to list size (" + size + ")");
		return BigArrays.get(a, index);
	}

	@Override
	public long indexOf(final KEY_TYPE k) {
		for(long i = 0; i < size; i++) if (KEY_EQUALS(k, BigArrays.get(a, i))) return i;
		return -1;
	}

	@Override
	public long lastIndexOf(final KEY_TYPE k) {
		for(long i = size; i-- != 0;) if (KEY_EQUALS(k, BigArrays.get(a, i))) return i;
		return -1;
	}

	@Override
	public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE REMOVE_KEY(final long index) {
		if (index >= size) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index (" + index + ") is greater than or equal to list size (" + size + ")");
		final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE old = BigArrays.get(a, index);
		size--;
		if (index != size) BigArrays.copy(a, index + 1, a, index, size - index);
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
		BigArrays.set(a, size, null);
#endif
		assert size <= length(a);
		return old;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean REMOVE(final KEY_TYPE k) {
		final long index = indexOf(k);
		if (index == -1) return false;
		REMOVE_KEY(index);
		assert size <= length(a);
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE set(final long index, final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE k) {
		if (index >= size) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index (" + index + ") is greater than or equal to list size (" + size + ")");
		KEY_GENERIC_TYPE old = BigArrays.get(a, index);
		BigArrays.set(a, index, k);
		return old;
	}

#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE
	@Override
	public boolean removeAll(final COLLECTION c) {
		KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[] s = null, d = null;
		int ss = -1, sd = BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE, ds = -1, dd = BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE;
		for (long i = 0; i < size; i++) {
			if (sd == BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE) {
				sd = 0;
				s = a[++ss];
			}
			if (!c.contains(s[sd])) {
				if (dd == BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE) {
					d = a[++ds];
					dd = 0;
				}
				d[dd++] = s[sd];
			}
			sd++;
		}
		final long j = BigArrays.index(ds, dd);
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
		BigArrays.fill(a, j, size, null);
#endif
		final boolean modified = size != j;
		size = j;
		return modified;
	}

#endif

	@Override
	public boolean removeAll(final Collection<?> c) {
		KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[] s = null, d = null;
		int ss = -1, sd = BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE, ds = -1, dd = BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE;
		for (long i = 0; i < size; i++) {
			if (sd == BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE) {
				sd = 0;
				s = a[++ss];
			}
			if (!c.contains(KEY2OBJ(s[sd]))) {
				if (dd == BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE) {
					d = a[++ds];
					dd = 0;
				}
				d[dd++] = s[sd];
			}
			sd++;
		}
		final long j = BigArrays.index(ds, dd);
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
		BigArrays.fill(a, j, size, null);
#endif
		final boolean modified = size != j;
		size = j;
		return modified;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean addAll(long index, final STD_KEY_COLLECTION KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC c) {
		if (c instanceof LIST) {
			return addAll(index, (LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC)c);
		}
		if (c instanceof BIG_LIST) {
			return addAll(index, (BIG_LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC)c);
		}
		ensureIndex(index);
		int n = c.size();
		if (n == 0) return false;
		grow(size + n);
		BigArrays.copy(a, index, a, index + n, size - index);
		final STD_KEY_ITERATOR KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC i = c.iterator();
		size += n;
		assert size <= length(a);
		while(n-- != 0) BigArrays.set(a, index++, i.NEXT_KEY());
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean addAll(final long index, final BIG_LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC list) {
		ensureIndex(index);
		final long n = list.size64();
		if (n == 0) return false;
		grow(size + n);
		BigArrays.copy(a, index, a, index + n, size - index);
		list.getElements(0, a, index, n);
		size += n;
		assert size <= length(a);
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean addAll(final long index, final LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC list) {
		ensureIndex(index);
		int n = list.size();
		if (n == 0) return false;
		grow(size + n);
		BigArrays.copy(a, index, a, index + n, size - index);

		size += n;
		assert size <= length(a);

		int segment = BigArrays.segment(index);
		int displ = BigArrays.displacement(index);
		int pos = 0;

		while(n > 0) {
			final int l = Math.min(a[segment].length - displ, n);
			list.getElements(pos, a[segment], displ, l);
			if ((displ += l) == BigArrays.SEGMENT_SIZE) {
				displ = 0;
				segment++;
			}
			pos += l;
			n -= l;
		}

		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public void clear() {
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
		BigArrays.fill(a, 0, size, null);
#endif
		size = 0;
		assert size <= length(a);
	}

	@Override
	public long size64() {
		return size;
	}

	@Override
	public void size(final long size) {
		if (size > length(a)) a = BigArrays.forceCapacity(a, size, this.size);
		if (size > this.size) BigArrays.fill(a, this.size, size, KEY_NULL);
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
		else BigArrays.fill(a, size, this.size, KEY_NULL);
#endif
		this.size = size;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isEmpty() {
		return size == 0;
	}

	/** Trims this big-array big list so that the capacity is equal to the size.
	 *
	 * @see java.util.ArrayList#trimToSize()
	 */
	public void trim() {
		trim(0);
	}

	/** Trims the backing big array if it is too large.
	 *
	 * If the current big array length is smaller than or equal to
	 * {@code n}, this method does nothing. Otherwise, it trims the
	 * big-array length to the maximum between {@code n} and {@link #size64()}.
	 *
	 * <p>This method is useful when reusing big lists.  {@linkplain #clear() Clearing a
	 * big list} leaves the big-array length untouched. If you are reusing a big list
	 * many times, you can call this method with a typical
	 * size to avoid keeping around a very large big array just
	 * because of a few large transient big lists.
	 *
	 * @param n the threshold for the trimming.
	 */

	public void trim(final long n) {
		final long arrayLength = length(a);
		if (n >= arrayLength || size == arrayLength) return;
		a = BigArrays.trim(a, Math.max(n, size));
		assert size <= length(a);
	}

	private class SubList extends ABSTRACT_BIG_LIST.SUBLIST_RANDOM_ACCESS KEY_GENERIC {
		private static final long serialVersionUID = -3185226345314976296L;

		protected SubList(long from, long to) {
			super(BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.this, from, to);
		}

		// Needed because we can't access the parent class' instance variables directly in a different instance of SubList.
		private KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][] getParentArray() {
			return a;
		}

		// Most of the inherited methods should be fine, but we can override a few of them for performance.

		@Override
		public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE GET_KEY(long i) {
			ensureRestrictedIndex(i);
			return BigArrays.get(a, i + from);
		}

		private final class SubListIterator extends BIG_LIST_ITERATORS.AbstractIndexBasedBigListIterator KEY_GENERIC {

			// We are using pos == 0 to be 0 relative to SubList.from (meaning you need to do a[from + i] when accessing array).
			SubListIterator(long index) {
				super(0, index);
			}

			@Override
			protected final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE get(long i) { return BigArrays.get(a, from + i); }
			@Override
			protected final void add(long i, KEY_GENERIC_TYPE k) { SubList.this.add(i, k); }
			@Override
			protected final void set(long i, KEY_GENERIC_TYPE k) { SubList.this.set(i, k); }
			@Override
			protected final void remove(long i) { SubList.this.REMOVE_KEY(i); }
			@Override
			protected final long getMaxPos() { return to - from; }

			@Override
			public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE NEXT_KEY() { if (! hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); return BigArrays.get(a, from + (lastReturned = pos++)); }
			@Override
			public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE PREV_KEY() { if (! hasPrevious()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); return BigArrays.get(a, from + (lastReturned = --pos)); }

			@Override
			public void forEachRemaining(final METHOD_ARG_KEY_CONSUMER action) {
				final long max = to - from;
				while(pos < max) {
					action.accept(BigArrays.get(a, from + (lastReturned = pos++)));
				}
			}
		}

		@Override
		public KEY_BIG_LIST_ITERATOR KEY_GENERIC listIterator(long index) {
			return new SubListIterator(index);
		}

		private final class SubListSpliterator extends BIG_SPLITERATORS.LateBindingSizeIndexBasedSpliterator KEY_GENERIC {

			// We are using pos == 0 to be 0 relative to real array 0
			SubListSpliterator() {
				super(from);
			}

			private SubListSpliterator(long pos, long maxPos) {
				super(pos, maxPos);
			}

			@Override
			protected final long getMaxPosFromBackingStore() { return to; }

	 		@Override
			protected final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE get(long i) { return BigArrays.get(a, i); }
			@Override
			protected final SubListSpliterator makeForSplit(long pos, long maxPos) {
				return new SubListSpliterator(pos, maxPos);
			}
			@Override
			protected final long computeSplitPoint() {
				long defaultSplit = super.computeSplitPoint();
				// Align to outer array starting point if possible.
				// We add/subtract one to the bounds to ensure the new pos will always shrink the range
				return BigArrays.nearestSegmentStart(defaultSplit, pos + 1, getMaxPos() - 1);
			}
			@Override
			public boolean tryAdvance(final METHOD_ARG_KEY_CONSUMER action) {
				if (pos >= getMaxPos()) return false;
				action.accept(BigArrays.get(a, pos++));
				return true;
			}
			@Override
			public void forEachRemaining(final METHOD_ARG_KEY_CONSUMER action) {
				final long max = getMaxPos();
				while(pos < max) {
					action.accept(BigArrays.get(a, pos++));
				}
			}
		}

		@Override
		public KEY_SPLITERATOR KEY_GENERIC spliterator() {
			return new SubListSpliterator();
		}

		boolean contentsEquals(KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][] otherA, long otherAFrom, long otherATo) {
			if (a == otherA && from == otherAFrom && to == otherATo) return true;
			if (otherATo - otherAFrom != size64()) {
				return false;
			}
			long pos = to, otherPos = otherATo;
			// We have already assured that the two ranges are the same size, so we only need to check one bound.
			// If BigArrays.equals ever gets an overload that accepts bounds, use that instead
			// (but make sure to break out the reference equality case).
#if KEY_CLASS_Object
			while(--pos >= from) if (! java.util.Objects.equals(BigArrays.get(a, pos), BigArrays.get(otherA, --otherPos))) return false;
#else
			while(--pos >= from) if (BigArrays.get(a, pos) != BigArrays.get(otherA, --otherPos)) return false;
#endif
			return true;
		}

		@Override
		public boolean equals(Object o) {
			if (o == this) return true;
			if (o == null) return false;
			if (!(o instanceof BigList)) return false;
			if (o instanceof BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST) {
				SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
				BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC other = (BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC) o;
				return contentsEquals(other.a, 0, other.size64());
			}
			if (o instanceof BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.SubList) {
				SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
				BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC.SubList other = (BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC.SubList) o;
				return contentsEquals(other.getParentArray(), other.from, other.to);
			}
			return super.equals(o);
		}

#if ! KEYS_USE_REFERENCE_EQUALITY
		SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
		int contentsCompareTo(KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][] otherA, long otherAFrom, long otherATo) {
#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE // Can't make this assumption for reference types in case we have a goofy Comparable that doesn't compare itself equal
			if (a == otherA && from == otherAFrom && to == otherATo) return 0;
#endif
			// TODO When minimum version of Java becomes Java 9, use Arrays.compare, which vectorizes.
			KEY_GENERIC_TYPE e1, e2;
			int r;
			long i, j;
			for(i = from, j = otherAFrom; i < to && i < otherATo; i++, j++) {
				e1 = BigArrays.get(a, i);
				e2 = BigArrays.get(otherA, j);
				if ((r = KEY_CMP(e1, e2)) != 0) return r;
			}
			return i < otherATo ? -1 : (i < to ? 1 : 0);
		}

		SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
		@Override
		public int compareTo(final BigList <? extends KEY_GENERIC_CLASS> l) {
			if (l instanceof BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST) {
				SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
				BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC other = (BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC) l;
				return contentsCompareTo(other.a, 0, other.size64());
			}
			if (l instanceof BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.SubList) {
				SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
				BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC.SubList other = (BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC.SubList) l;
				return contentsCompareTo(other.getParentArray(), other.from, other.to);
			}
			return super.compareTo(l);
		}
#endif

		// We don't override subList as we want AbstractList's "sub-sublist" nesting handling,
		// which would be tricky to do here.
		// TODO Do override it so array access isn't sent through N indirections.
		// This will likely mean making this class static.
	}

	@Override
	public BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC subList(long from, long to) {
		if (from == 0 && to == size64()) return this;
		ensureIndex(from);
		ensureIndex(to);
		if (from > to) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Start index (" + from + ") is greater than end index (" + to + ")");
		return new SubList(from, to);
	}


	/** Copies element of this type-specific list into the given big array using optimized system calls.
	 *
	 * @param from the start index (inclusive).
	 * @param a the destination big array.
	 * @param offset the offset into the destination array where to store the first element copied.
	 * @param length the number of elements to be copied.
	 */

	@Override
	public void getElements(final long from, final KEY_TYPE[][] a, final long offset, final long length) {
		BigArrays.copy(this.a, from, a, offset, length);
	}

	/** Copies element of this type-specific list into the given array using optimized system calls.
	 *
	 * @param from the start index (inclusive).
	 * @param a the destination array.
	 * @param offset the offset into the destination array where to store the first element copied.
	 * @param length the number of elements to be copied.
	 */

	@Override
	public void getElements(final long from, final KEY_TYPE[] a, final int offset, final int length) {
		BigArrays.copyFromBig(this.a, from, a, offset, length);
	}

	/** Removes elements of this type-specific list using optimized system calls.
	 *
	 * @param from the start index (inclusive).
	 * @param to the end index (exclusive).
	 */
	@Override
	public void removeElements(final long from, final long to) {
		BigArrays.ensureFromTo(size, from, to);
		BigArrays.copy(a, to, a, from, size - to);
		size -= (to - from);
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
		BigArrays.fill(a, size, size + to - from, null);
#endif
	}


	/** Adds elements to this type-specific list using optimized system calls.
	 *
	 * @param index the index at which to add elements.
	 * @param a the big array containing the elements.
	 * @param offset the offset of the first element to add.
	 * @param length the number of elements to add.
	 */
	@Override
	public void addElements(final long index, final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE a[][], final long offset, final long length) {
		ensureIndex(index);
		BigArrays.ensureOffsetLength(a, offset, length);
		grow(size + length);
		BigArrays.copy(this.a, index, this.a, index + length, size - index);
		BigArrays.copy(a, offset, this.a, index, length);
		size += length;
	}

	/** Copies elements in the given big array into this type-specific list using optimized system calls.
	 *
	 * @param index the start index (inclusive).
	 * @param a the destination big array.
	 * @param offset the offset into the destination array where to store the first element copied.
	 * @param length the number of elements to be copied.
	 */
	@Override
	public void setElements(final long index, final KEY_TYPE[][] a, final long offset, final long length) {
		BigArrays.copy(a, offset, this.a, index, length);
	}

	@Override
	public void forEach(final METHOD_ARG_KEY_CONSUMER action) {
		for (long i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
			action.accept(BigArrays.get(a, i));
		}
	}

	@Override
	public KEY_BIG_LIST_ITERATOR KEY_GENERIC listIterator(final long index) {
		ensureIndex(index);

		return new KEY_BIG_LIST_ITERATOR KEY_GENERIC() {
				long pos = index, last = -1;

				@Override
				public boolean hasNext() { return pos < size; }
				@Override
				public boolean hasPrevious() { return pos > 0; }
				@Override
				public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE NEXT_KEY() { if (! hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); return BigArrays.get(a, last = pos++); }
				@Override
				public KEY_GENERIC_TYPE PREV_KEY() { if (! hasPrevious()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); return BigArrays.get(a, last = --pos); }
				@Override
				public long nextIndex() { return pos; }
				@Override
				public long previousIndex() { return pos - 1; }
				@Override
				public void add(KEY_GENERIC_TYPE k) {
					BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.this.add(pos++, k);
					last = -1;
				}
				@Override
				public void set(KEY_GENERIC_TYPE k) {
					if (last == -1) throw new IllegalStateException();
					BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.this.set(last, k);
				}
				@Override
				public void remove() {
					if (last == -1) throw new IllegalStateException();
					BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.this.REMOVE_KEY(last);
					/* If the last operation was a next(), we are removing an element *before* us, and we must decrease pos correspondingly. */
					if (last < pos) pos--;
					last = -1;
				}
				@Override
				public void forEachRemaining(final METHOD_ARG_KEY_CONSUMER action) {
					while (pos < size) {
						action.accept(BigArrays.get(a, last = pos++));
					}
				}
				@Override
				public long back(long n) {
					if (n < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Argument must be nonnegative: " + n);
					final long remaining = size - pos;
					if (n < remaining) {
						pos -= n;
					} else {
						n = remaining;
						pos = 0;
					}
					last = pos;
					return n;
				}
				@Override
				public long skip(long n) {
					if (n < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Argument must be nonnegative: " + n);
					final long remaining = size - pos;
					if (n < remaining) {
						pos += n;
					} else {
						n = remaining;
						pos = size;
					}
					last = pos - 1;
					return n;
				}
			};
	}

	private final class Spliterator implements KEY_SPLITERATOR KEY_GENERIC {
		// Until we split, we will track the size of the list.
		// Once we split, then we stop updating on structural modifications.
		// Aka, size is late-binding.
		boolean hasSplit = false;
		long pos, max;

#ifdef TEST
		// Sentinel to make sure we don't accidentally use size when we mean max
		@Deprecated
		private final Object size = null;
#endif

		public Spliterator() {
			this(0, BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.this.size, false);
		}

		private Spliterator(long pos, long max, boolean hasSplit) {
			assert pos <= max : "pos " + pos + " must be <= max " + max;
			this.pos = pos;
			this.max = max;
			this.hasSplit = hasSplit;
		}

		private long getWorkingMax() {
			return hasSplit ? max : BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.this.size;
		}

		@Override
		public int characteristics() { return SPLITERATORS.LIST_SPLITERATOR_CHARACTERISTICS; }

		@Override
		public long estimateSize() { return getWorkingMax() - pos; }

		@Override
		public boolean tryAdvance(final METHOD_ARG_KEY_CONSUMER action) {
			if (pos >= getWorkingMax()) return false;
			action.accept(BigArrays.get(a, pos++));
			return true;
		}

		@Override
		public void forEachRemaining(final METHOD_ARG_KEY_CONSUMER action) {
			for (final long max = getWorkingMax(); pos < max; ++pos) {
				action.accept(BigArrays.get(a, pos));
			}
		}

		@Override
		public long skip(long n) {
			if (n < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Argument must be nonnegative: " + n);
			final long max = getWorkingMax();
			if (pos >= max) return 0;
			final long remaining = max - pos;
			if (n < remaining) {
				pos += n;
				return n;
			}
			n = remaining;
			pos = max;
			return n;
		}

		@Override
		public KEY_SPLITERATOR KEY_GENERIC trySplit() {
			final long max = getWorkingMax();
			long retLen = (max - pos) >> 1;
			if (retLen <= 1) return null;
			// Update instance max with the last seen list size (if needed) before continuing
			this.max = max;
			long myNewPos = pos + retLen;
			// Align to an outer array boundary if possible
			// We add/subtract one to the bounds to ensure the new pos will always shrink the range
			myNewPos = BigArrays.nearestSegmentStart(myNewPos, pos + 1, max - 1);
			long retMax = myNewPos;
			long oldPos = pos;
			this.pos = myNewPos;
			this.hasSplit = true;
			return new Spliterator(oldPos, retMax, true);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public KEY_SPLITERATOR KEY_GENERIC spliterator() {
		return new Spliterator();
	}

	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
	@Override
	public BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC clone() {
		BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC c;
		// Test for fastpath we can do if exactly an BigArrayBigList
		if (getClass() == BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.class) {
			c = new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC_DIAMOND(size);
			c.size = size;
		} else {
			try {
				c = (BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC)super.clone();
			} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
				// Can't happen
				throw new InternalError(e);
			}
			c.a = KEY_GENERIC_BIG_ARRAY_CAST BIG_ARRAYS.newBigArray(size);
		}
		BigArrays.copy(a, 0, c.a, 0, size);
		return c;
	}

	/** Compares this type-specific big-array list to another one.
	 *
	 * <p>This method exists only for sake of efficiency. The implementation
	 * inherited from the abstract implementation would already work.
	 *
	 * @param l a type-specific big-array list.
	 * @return true if the argument contains the same elements of this type-specific big-array list.
	 */
	public boolean equals(final BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC l) {
		if (l == this) return true;
		long s = size64();
		if (s != l.size64()) return false;
		final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][] a1 = a;
		final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE[][] a2 = l.a;
		// Already checked s == l.size64 above
		if (a1 == a2) return true;
		// Backwards loop is faster then forwards loop, at least in Java 8 and below.
#if KEY_CLASS_Object
		while(s-- !=  0) if (! java.util.Objects.equals(BigArrays.get(a1, s), BigArrays.get(a2, s))) return false;
#else
		while(s-- !=  0) if (BigArrays.get(a1, s) != BigArrays.get(a2, s)) return false;
#endif
		return true;
	}

#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE
	@SuppressWarnings("unlikely-arg-type" )
#else
	@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "unlikely-arg-type" })
#endif
	@Override
	public boolean equals(final Object o) {
		if (o == this) return true;
		if (o == null) return false;
		if (!(o instanceof BigList)) return false;
		if (o instanceof BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST) {
			// Safe cast because we are only going to take elements from other list, never give them
			return equals((BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC) o);
		}
		if (o instanceof BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.SubList) {
			// Safe cast because we are only going to take elements from other list, never give them
			// Sublist has an optimized sub-array based comparison, reuse that. 
			return ((BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC.SubList)o).equals(this);
		}
		return super.equals(o);
	}

#if ! KEYS_USE_REFERENCE_EQUALITY

	/** Compares this big list to another big list.
	 *
	 * <p>This method exists only for sake of efficiency. The implementation
	 * inherited from the abstract implementation would already work.
	 *
	 * @param l a big list.
	 * @return a negative integer,
	 * zero, or a positive integer as this big list is lexicographically less than, equal
	 * to, or greater than the argument.
	 */
	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
	public int compareTo(final BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC l) {
		final long s1 = size64(), s2 = l.size64();
		final KEY_GENERIC_TYPE a1[][] = a, a2[][] = l.a;
#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE // Can't make this assumption for reference types in case we have a goofy Comparable that doesn't compare itself equal
		if (a1 == a2 && s1 == s2) return 0;
#endif
		KEY_GENERIC_TYPE e1, e2;
		int r, i;

		for(i = 0; i < s1 && i < s2; i++) {
			e1 = BigArrays.get(a1, i);
			e2 = BigArrays.get(a2, i);
			if ((r = KEY_CMP(e1, e2)) != 0) return r;
		}

		return i < s2 ? -1 : (i < s1 ? 1 : 0);
	}

	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
	@Override
	public int compareTo(final BigList <? extends KEY_GENERIC_CLASS> l) {
		if (l instanceof BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST) {
			return compareTo((BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_EXTENDS_GENERIC)l);
		}
		if (l instanceof BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST.SubList) {
			// Must negate because we are inverting the order of the comparison.
			return -((BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST KEY_GENERIC.SubList) l).compareTo(this);
		}
		return super.compareTo(l);
	}
#endif


	private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) throws java.io.IOException {
		s.defaultWriteObject();
		for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) s.WRITE_KEY(BigArrays.get(a, i));
	}

	SUPPRESS_WARNINGS_KEY_UNCHECKED
	private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
		s.defaultReadObject();
		a = KEY_GENERIC_BIG_ARRAY_CAST BIG_ARRAYS.newBigArray(size);
		for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) BigArrays.set(a, i, KEY_GENERIC_CAST s.READ_KEY());
	}


#ifdef TEST

	private static long seed = System.currentTimeMillis();
	private static java.util.Random r = new java.util.Random(seed);

	private static KEY_TYPE genKey() {
#if KEY_CLASS_Byte || KEY_CLASS_Short || KEY_CLASS_Character
		return (KEY_TYPE)(r.nextInt());
#elif KEYS_PRIMITIVE
		return r.NEXT_KEY();
#elif KEY_CLASS_Object
		return Integer.toBinaryString(r.nextInt());
#else
		return new java.io.Serializable() {};
#endif
	}

	private static java.text.NumberFormat format = new java.text.DecimalFormat("#,###.00");
	private static java.text.FieldPosition p = new java.text.FieldPosition(0);

	private static String format(double d) {
		StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer();
		return format.format(d, s, p).toString();
	}

	private static void speedTest(int n, boolean comp) {
		System.out.println("There are presently no speed tests for this class.");
	}


	private static void fatal(String msg) {
		throw new AssertionError(msg);
	}

	private static void ensure(boolean cond, String msg) {
		if (cond) return;
		fatal(msg);
	}
	
	private static void ensure(boolean cond, java.util.function.Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
		if (cond) return;
		fatal(msgSupplier.get());
	}

	private static Object[] k, v, nk;
	private static KEY_TYPE kt[];
	private static KEY_TYPE nkt[];
	private static BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST topList;

	protected static void testLists(BIG_LIST m, BIG_LIST t, int n, int level) throws Exception {
		long ms;
		Exception mThrowsIllegal, tThrowsIllegal, mThrowsOutOfBounds, tThrowsOutOfBounds;
		Object rt = null;
		KEY_TYPE rm = KEY_NULL;

		if (level > 4) return;


		/* Now we check that both sets agree on random keys. For m we use the polymorphic method. */

		for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			int p = r.nextInt() % (n * 2);

			KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				m.set(p, T);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }
			try {
				t.set(p, KEY2OBJ(T));
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): set() divergence at start in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + "  (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");
			if (mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) ensure(t.get(p).equals(KEY2OBJ(m.GET_KEY(p))), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m and t differ after set() on position " + p + " (" + m.GET_KEY(p) + ", " + t.get(p) + ")");

			p = r.nextInt() % (n * 2);
			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				m.GET_KEY(p);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }
			try {
				t.get(p);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): get() divergence at start in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + "  (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");
			if (mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) ensure(t.get(p).equals(KEY2OBJ(m.GET_KEY(p))), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m and t differ aftre get() on position " + p + " (" + m.GET_KEY(p) + ", " + t.get(p) + ")");

		}

		/* Now we check that both sets agree on random keys. For m we use the standard method. */

		for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			int p = r.nextInt() % (n * 2);

			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				m.get(p);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }
			try {
				t.get(p);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): get() divergence at start in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + "  (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");
			if (mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) ensure(t.get(p).equals(m.get(p)), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m and t differ at start on position " + p + " (" + m.get(p) + ", " + t.get(p) + ")");

		}

		/* Now we check that m and t are equal. */
		if (!m.equals(t) || ! t.equals(m)) System.err.println("m: " + m + " t: " + t);

		ensure(m.equals(t), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! m.equals(t) at start");
		ensure(t.equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! t.equals(m) at start");



		/* Now we check that m actually holds that data. */
		for(Iterator i=t.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
			ensure(m.contains(i.next()), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m and t differ on an entry after insertion (iterating on t)");
		}

		/* Now we check that m actually holds that data, but iterating on m. */
		for(Iterator i=m.listIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
			ensure(t.contains(i.next()), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m and t differ on an entry after insertion (iterating on m)");
		}

		/* Now we check that inquiries about random data give the same answer in m and t. For
		   m we use the polymorphic method. */

		for(int i=0; i<n;  i++) {
			KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
			ensure(m.contains(T) == t.contains(KEY2OBJ(T)), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in content between t and m (polymorphic method)");
		}

		/* Again, we check that inquiries about random data give the same answer in m and t, but
		   for m we use the standard method. */

		for(int i=0; i<n;  i++) {
			KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
			ensure(m.contains(KEY2OBJ(T)) == t.contains(KEY2OBJ(T)), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in content between t and m (polymorphic method)");
		}

		/* Now we add and remove random data in m and t, checking that the result is the same. */

		for(int i=0; i<2*n;  i++) {
			KEY_TYPE T = genKey();

			try {
				m.add(T);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			try {
				t.add(KEY2OBJ(T));
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			T = genKey();
			int p = r.nextInt() % (2 * n + 1);

			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				m.add(p, T);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			try {
				t.add(p, KEY2OBJ(T));
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }


			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): add() divergence in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + " for " + T + " (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");

			p = r.nextInt() % (2 * n + 1);

			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				rm = m.REMOVE_KEY(p);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			try {
				rt = t.remove(p);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }


			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): remove() divergence in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + " (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");
			if (mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) ensure(rt.equals(KEY2OBJ(rm)), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in remove() between t and m (" + rt + ", " + rm + ")");
		}

		ensure(m.equals(t), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! m.equals(t) after add/remove");
		ensure(t.equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! t.equals(m) after add/remove");

		/* Now we add random data in m and t using addAll on a collection, checking that the result is the same. */

		for(int i=0; i<n;  i++) {
			int p = r.nextInt() % (2 * n + 1);
			java.util.Collection m1 = new java.util.ArrayList();
			int s = r.nextInt(n / 2 + 1);
			for(int j = 0; j < s; j++) m1.add(KEY2OBJ(genKey()));

			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				m.addAll(p, m1);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			try {
				t.addAll(p, m1);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): addAll() divergence in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + " for " + m1 + " (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");

			ensure(m.equals(t), () -> "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + m + t + "): ! m.equals(t) after addAll");
			ensure(t.equals(m), () -> "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + m + t + "): ! t.equals(m) after addAll");
		}

		if (m.size64() > n) {
			m.size(n);
			while(t.size64() != n) t.remove(t.size64() -1);
		}

		/* Now we add random data in m and t using addAll on a type-specific collection, checking that the result is the same. */

		for(int i=0; i<n;  i++) {
			int p = r.nextInt() % (2 * n + 1);
			COLLECTION m1 = new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST();
			java.util.Collection t1 = new java.util.ArrayList();
			int s = r.nextInt(n / 2 + 1);
			for(int j = 0; j < s; j++) {
				KEY_TYPE x = genKey();
				m1.add(x);
				t1.add(KEY2OBJ(x));
			}

			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				m.addAll(p, m1);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			try {
				t.addAll(p, t1);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): polymorphic addAll() divergence in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + " for " + m1 + " (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");

			ensure(m.equals(t), () -> "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + m + t + "): ! m.equals(t) after polymorphic addAll");
			ensure(t.equals(m), () -> "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + m + t + "): ! t.equals(m) after polymorphic addAll");
		}

		if (m.size64() > n) {
			m.size(n);
			while(t.size64() != n) t.remove(t.size64() -1);
		}

		/* Now we add random data in m and t using addAll on a list, checking that the result is the same. */

		for(int i=0; i<n;  i++) {
			int p = r.nextInt() % (2 * n + 1);
			BIG_LIST m1 = new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST();
			java.util.Collection t1 = new java.util.ArrayList();
			int s = r.nextInt(n / 2 + 1);
			for(int j = 0; j < s; j++) {
				KEY_TYPE x = genKey();
				m1.add(x);
				t1.add(KEY2OBJ(x));
			}

			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				m.addAll(p, m1);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			try {
				t.addAll(p, t1);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): list addAll() divergence in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + " for " + m1 + " (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");

			ensure(m.equals(t), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! m.equals(t) after list addAll");
			ensure(t.equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! t.equals(m) after list addAll");
		}

		/* Now we check that both sets agree on random keys. For m we use the standard method. */

		for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			int p = r.nextInt() % (n * 2);

			mThrowsOutOfBounds = tThrowsOutOfBounds  = null;

			try {
				m.get(p);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { mThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }
			try {
				t.get(p);
			}
			catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) { tThrowsOutOfBounds = e; }

			ensure((mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) == (tThrowsOutOfBounds == null), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): get() divergence in IndexOutOfBoundsException for index " + p + "  (" + mThrowsOutOfBounds + ", " + tThrowsOutOfBounds + ")");
			if (mThrowsOutOfBounds == null) ensure(t.get(p).equals(m.get(p)), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m and t differ on position " + p + " (" + m.get(p) + ", " + t.get(p) +")");

		}

		/* Now we inquiry about the content with indexOf()/lastIndexOf(). */

		for(int i=0; i<10*n;  i++) {
			KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
			ensure(m.indexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)) == t.indexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)),
					"Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): indexOf() divergence for " + T + "  (" + m.indexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)) + ", " + t.indexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)) + ")");
			ensure(m.lastIndexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)) == t.lastIndexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)),
					"Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): lastIndexOf() divergence for " + T + "  (" + m.lastIndexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)) + ", " + t.lastIndexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)) + ")");
			ensure(m.indexOf(T) == t.indexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)),
					"Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): polymorphic indexOf() divergence for " + T + "  (" + m.indexOf(T) + ", " + t.indexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)) + ")");
			ensure(m.lastIndexOf(T) == t.lastIndexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)),
					"Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): polymorphic lastIndexOf() divergence for " + T + "  (" + m.lastIndexOf(T) + ", " + t.lastIndexOf(KEY2OBJ(T)) + ")");
		}

		/* Now we check cloning. */

		if (level == 0) {
			ensure(m.equals(((BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST)m).clone()), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m does not equal m.clone()");
			ensure(((BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST)m).clone().equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m.clone() does not equal m");
		}

		/* Now we play with constructors. */
		ensure(m.equals(new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST((COLLECTION)m)), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m does not equal new (type-specific Collection m)");
		ensure((new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST((COLLECTION)m)).equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): new (type-specific nCollection m) does not equal m");
		ensure(m.equals(new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST((BIG_LIST)m)), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m does not equal new (type-specific List m)");
		ensure((new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST((BIG_LIST)m)).equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): new (type-specific List m) does not equal m");
		ensure(m.equals(new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(m.listIterator())), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m does not equal new (m.listIterator())");
		ensure((new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(m.listIterator())).equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): new (m.listIterator()) does not equal m");
		ensure(m.equals(new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(m.iterator())), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m does not equal new (m.type_specific_iterator())");
		ensure((new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST(m.iterator())).equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): new (m.type_specific_iterator()) does not equal m");


		int h = m.hashCode();

		/* Now we save and read m. */

		BIG_LIST m2 = null;

		{
			java.io.File ff = new java.io.File("it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.test." + m.getClass().getSimpleName() + "." + n);
			java.io.OutputStream os = new java.io.FileOutputStream(ff);
			java.io.ObjectOutputStream oos = new java.io.ObjectOutputStream(os);

			oos.writeObject(m);
			oos.close();

			java.io.InputStream is = new java.io.FileInputStream(ff);
			java.io.ObjectInputStream ois = new java.io.ObjectInputStream(is);

			m2 = (BIG_LIST)ois.readObject();
			ois.close();
			ff.delete();
		}

#if ! KEYS_USE_REFERENCE_EQUALITY
		ensure(m2.hashCode() == h, "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): hashCode() changed after save/read");

		/* Now we check that m2 actually holds that data. */

		ensure(m2.equals(t), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! m2.equals(t) after save/read");
		ensure(t.equals(m2), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! t.equals(m2) after save/read");
		/* Now we take out of m everything, and check that it is empty. */

		for(Iterator i=t.iterator(); i.hasNext();) m2.remove(i.next());

		ensure(m2.isEmpty(), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m2 is not empty (as it should be)");
#endif

		/* Now we play with iterators. */

		{
			KEY_BIG_LIST_ITERATOR i;
			KEY_BIG_LIST_ITERATOR j;
			Object J;
			i = m.listIterator();
			j = t.listIterator();

			for(int k = 0; k < 2*n; k++) {
				ensure(i.hasNext() == j.hasNext(), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in hasNext()");
				ensure(i.hasPrevious() == j.hasPrevious(), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in hasPrevious()");

				if (r.nextFloat() < .8 && i.hasNext()) {
					ensure(i.next().equals(J = j.next()), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in next()");

					if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						i.remove();
						j.remove();
					}
					else if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
						i.set(T);
						j.set(KEY2OBJ(T));
					}
					else if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
						i.add(T);
						j.add(KEY2OBJ(T));
					}
				}
				else if (r.nextFloat() < .2 && i.hasPrevious()) {
					ensure(i.previous().equals(J = j.previous()), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in previous()");

					if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						i.remove();
						j.remove();
					}
					else if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
						i.set(T);
						j.set(KEY2OBJ(T));
					}
					else if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
						i.add(T);
						j.add(KEY2OBJ(T));
					}
				}

				ensure(i.nextIndex() == j.nextIndex(), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in nextIndex()");
				ensure(i.previousIndex() == j.previousIndex(), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in previousIndex()");

			}

		}

		/* Now we play with spliterators.
		 *
		 * Or rather we would, except comparing results of spliterators directly is a bit painful.
		 * However, there is an easy workaround; use streams, which are built on Spliterators.
		 */
		{
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
			java.util.stream.Stream<KEY_TYPE> i = m.parallelStream();
			java.util.stream.Stream<KEY_TYPE> j = t.parallelStream();
#elif KEY_CLASS_Boolean
			java.util.stream.Stream<KEY_CLASS> i = m.parallelStream();
			java.util.stream.Stream<KEY_CLASS> j = t.parallelStream();
#else
			JDK_PRIMITIVE_STREAM i = m.KEY_WIDENED_PARALLEL_STREAM_METHOD();
			java.util.stream.Stream<KEY_CLASS> j = t.parallelStream();
#endif

#if KEYS_REFERENCE || KEY_CLASS_Boolean
			Object[] iArray = i.toArray();
			Object[] jArray = j.toArray();
#elif KEY_CLASS_Character
			KEY_TYPE_WIDENED[] iArray = i.toArray();
			KEY_TYPE_WIDENED[] jArray = j.MAP_TO_KEY_WIDENED(c -> (int)c.charValue()).toArray();
#else
			KEY_TYPE_WIDENED[] iArray = i.toArray();
			KEY_TYPE_WIDENED[] jArray = j.MAP_TO_KEY_WIDENED(Number::KEY_WIDENED_VALUE).toArray();
#endif
			ensure(java.util.Arrays.equals(iArray, jArray), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in toArray() from streams (" + java.util.Arrays.toString(iArray) + " != " + java.util.Arrays.toString(jArray) + ")");
		}

		{
			Object previous = null;
			Object I, J;
			long from = m.isEmpty() ? 0 : (r.nextLong() & 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL) % m.size64();
			KEY_BIG_LIST_ITERATOR i;
			KEY_BIG_LIST_ITERATOR j;
			i = m.listIterator(from);
			j = t.listIterator(from);

			for(int k = 0; k < 2*n; k++) {
				ensure(i.hasNext() == j.hasNext(), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in hasNext() (iterator with starting point " + from + ")");
				ensure(i.hasPrevious() == j.hasPrevious() , "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in hasPrevious() (iterator with starting point " + from + ")");

				if (r.nextFloat() < .8 && i.hasNext()) {
					ensure((I = i.next()).equals(J = j.next()), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in next() (" + I + ", " + J + ", iterator with starting point " + from + ")");
					//System.err.println("Done next " + I + " " + J + "  " + badPrevious);

					if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						//System.err.println("Removing in next");
						i.remove();
						j.remove();
					}
					else if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
						i.set(T);
						j.set(KEY2OBJ(T));
					}
					else if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
						i.add(T);
						j.add(KEY2OBJ(T));
					}
				}
				else if (r.nextFloat() < .2 && i.hasPrevious()) {
					ensure((I = i.previous()).equals(J = j.previous()), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): divergence in previous() (" + I + ", " + J + ", iterator with starting point " + from + ")");

					if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						//System.err.println("Removing in prev");
						i.remove();
						j.remove();
					}
					else if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
						i.set(T);
						j.set(KEY2OBJ(T));
					}
					else if (r.nextFloat() < 0.2) {
						KEY_TYPE T = genKey();
						i.add(T);
						j.add(KEY2OBJ(T));
					}
				}
			}

		}

		/* Now we check that m actually holds that data. */

		ensure(m.equals(t), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! m.equals(t) after iteration");
		ensure(t.equals(m), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! t.equals(m) after iteration");

		/* Now we select a pair of keys and create a subset. */

		if (! m.isEmpty()) {
			long start = (r.nextLong() & 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL) % m.size64();
			long end = start + (r.nextLong() & 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL) % (m.size64() - start);
			//System.err.println("Checking subList from " + start + " to " + end + " (level=" + (level+1) + ")...");
			testLists(m.subList(start, end), t.subList(start, end), n, level + 1);

			ensure(m.equals(t), () -> "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + m + t + "): ! m.equals(t) after subList");
			ensure(t.equals(m), () -> "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): ! t.equals(m) after subList");

		}

		m.clear();
		t.clear();
		ensure(m.isEmpty(), "Error (" + level + ", " + seed + "): m is not empty after clear()");
	}


	protected static void runTest(int n) throws Exception {
		BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST m = new BIG_ARRAY_BIG_LIST();
		BIG_LIST t = BIG_LISTS.asBigList(new ARRAY_LIST());
		topList = m;
		k = new Object[n];
		nk = new Object[n];
		kt = new KEY_TYPE[n];
		nkt = new KEY_TYPE[n];

		for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
#if KEYS_REFERENCE
			k[i] = kt[i] = genKey();
			nk[i] = nkt[i] = genKey();
#else
			k[i] = new KEY_CLASS(kt[i] = genKey());
			nk[i] = new KEY_CLASS(nkt[i] = genKey());
#endif
		}

		/* We add pairs to t. */
#if KEYS_PRIMITIVE
		for(int i = 0; i < n;  i++) t.add((KEY_GENERIC_CLASS)k[i]);
#else
		for(int i = 0; i < n;  i++) t.add(k[i]);
#endif

		/* We add to m the same data */
		m.addAll(t);

		testLists(m, t, n, 0);

		System.out.println("Test OK");
		return;
	}


	public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
		int n  = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
		if (args.length > 2) r = new java.util.Random(seed = Long.parseLong(args[2]));


		try {
			if ("speedTest".equals(args[0]) || "speedComp".equals(args[0])) speedTest(n, "speedComp".equals(args[0]));
			else if ("test".equals(args[0])) runTest(n);
		} catch(Throwable e) {
			e.printStackTrace(System.err);
			System.err.println("seed: " + seed);
			throw e;
		}
	}

#endif

}