File: pydirfile.c

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/* Copyright (C) 2009-2016 D. V. Wiebe
 *
 ***************************************************************************
 *
 * This file is part of the GetData project.
 *
 * GetData is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the
 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your
 * option) any later version.
 *
 * GetData is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * along with GetData; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 */
#define NO_IMPORT_ARRAY
#define GDPY_INCLUDE_NUMPY
#include "gdpy_intern.h"

/* Create an array of strings from a either a NULL-terminated string list 
 * or one with a known len. */
static PyObject *gdpyobj_from_strarr2(const char **list, size_t len,
    int use_len, const char *char_enc)
{
  PyObject *pyobj;
  size_t i;

  dtrace("%p, %" PRIuSIZE ", %i, %p", list, len, use_len, char_enc);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);
  if (pyobj)
    for (i = 0; use_len ? (i < len) : (list[i] != NULL); ++i) {
      PyObject *str = gdpyobj_from_string(list[i], char_enc);
      if (str == NULL) {
        Py_DECREF(pyobj);
        pyobj = NULL;
        break;
      }

      if (gdpylist_append(pyobj, str)) {
        Py_DECREF(pyobj);
        pyobj = NULL;
        break;
      }
    }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

/* Create an array of strings from a NULL-terminated string list */
static PyObject *gdpyobj_from_strarr(const char **list, const char *char_enc)
{
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", list, char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr2(list, 0, 0, char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

/* Create an array of strings from a fixed-length string list */
static PyObject *gdpyobj_from_strarr_len(const char **list,
    size_t len, const char *char_enc)
{
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %" PRIuSIZE ", %p", list, len, char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr2(list, len, 1, char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

#ifdef PYGETDATA_CAPI
/* Dirfile CAPI */
DIRFILE *gdpy_dirfile_dirfile(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  dtrace("%p", self);

  dreturn("%p", self->D);
  return self->D;
}

int gdpy_dirfile_raise(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  dtrace("%p", self);

  if (gdpy_report_error(self->D, self->char_enc)) {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}
#endif

/* Dirfile */
static int gdpy_callback_func(gd_parser_data_t *pdata, void *extra)
{
  int r = GD_SYNTAX_ABORT;
  struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self = extra;

  dtrace("%p, %p", pdata, extra);

  if (self->callback != NULL) {
    char *new_string;
    PyObject *result, *arglist;
    char *estring;

    estring = gd_error_string(pdata->dirfile, NULL, 0);

    arglist = Py_BuildValue("({sssisssiss}O)", "error_string", estring,
        "suberror", pdata->suberror, "line", pdata->line, "linenum",
        pdata->linenum, "filename", pdata->filename, self->callback_data);

    PyMem_Free(estring);

    /* an exception results in an abort */
    if (arglist == NULL) {
      self->callback_exception = 1;
      dreturn("%i", GD_SYNTAX_ABORT);
      return GD_SYNTAX_ABORT;
    }

    // dropped in py3.13
    // result = PyEval_CallObject(self->callback, arglist);
    result = PyObject_Call(self->callback, arglist, NULL);
    
    Py_DECREF(arglist);

    /* result may be:
     * - an Int -- the return code; line not changed
     * - a String - the new line -- GD_SYNTAX_RESCAN is assumed
     * - a Tuple containing an Int and then, optionally, a String
     */
    if (result == NULL)
      self->callback_exception = 1;
    else if (PyTuple_Check(result)) {
      switch (PyTuple_Size(result))
      {
        case 0:
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
              "callback must return at least one object");
          self->callback_exception = 1;
          break;
        case 1:
          r = (int)gdpy_long_from_pyobj(PyTuple_GetItem(result, 0));

          if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
            self->callback_exception = 1;
            r = GD_SYNTAX_ABORT;
          }
          break;
        default:
          r = (int)gdpy_long_from_pyobj(PyTuple_GetItem(result, 0));

          if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
            self->callback_exception = 1;
            r = GD_SYNTAX_ABORT;
          }

          /* new_string will be free'd by GetData */
          new_string = gdpy_string_from_pyobj(PyTuple_GetItem(result, 1),
              self->char_enc,
              "Element two of tuple returned from callback must be string");

          if (new_string == NULL) {
            self->callback_exception = 1;
            r = GD_SYNTAX_ABORT;
          }

          pdata->line = new_string;
      }
    } else if (gdpy_encobj_check(result) || PyUnicode_Check(result)) {
      /* new_string will be free'd by GetData */
      new_string = gdpy_string_from_pyobj(result, self->char_enc, NULL);

      if (new_string == NULL) {
        self->callback_exception = 1;
        r = GD_SYNTAX_ABORT;
      }

      r = GD_SYNTAX_RESCAN;
      pdata->line = new_string;
    } else if (gdpyint_check(result))
      r = (int)gdpy_long_from_pyobj(result);
    else {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
          "bad return type from callback function");
      self->callback_exception = 1;
    }
  }

  dreturn("%i", r);
  return r;
}

static void gdpy_dirfile_delete(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  dtrace("%p", self);

  gd_close(self->D);
  PyMem_Free(self->verbose_prefix);
  Py_XDECREF(self->callback);
  Py_XDECREF(self->callback_data);
  PyMem_Free(self->char_enc);
  PyObject_Del(self);

  dreturnvoid();
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_create(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args,
    PyObject *keys)
{
  struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", type, args, keys);

  self = (struct gdpy_dirfile_t*)type->tp_alloc(type, 0);

  if (self) {
    self->D = NULL;
    self->mplex_lookback = GD_DEFAULT_LOOKBACK;
    self->verbose_prefix = NULL;
    self->callback = NULL;
    self->callback_data = NULL;
    self->char_enc = gdpy_copy_global_charenc();
  }

  dreturn("%p", self);
  return (PyObject*)self;
}

static int gdpy_dirfile_init(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self, PyObject *args,
    PyObject *keys)
{
  PyObject *pycallback = NULL;
  PyObject *pycallback_data = Py_None;
  PyObject *char_enc = NULL;
  char *keywords[] = {"name", "flags", "callback", "extra",
    "character_encoding", NULL};
  PyObject *name = NULL;
  unsigned long flags = GD_RDONLY;
  char *dirfilename;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "|OkOOO:pygetdata.dirfile.__init__", keywords, &name, &flags,
        &pycallback, &pycallback_data, &char_enc))
  {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  /* First, try to update character_encoding, if requested */
  if (char_enc) {
    if (gdpy_parse_charenc(&self->char_enc, char_enc)) {
      dreturn("%i", -1);
      return -1;
    }
  }

  /* An invalid dirfile was requested */
  if (name == NULL || name == Py_None) {
    self->D = gd_invalid_dirfile();

    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, -1, self->char_enc);

    dreturn("%i", 0);
    return 0;
  }

  if (!gdpy_encobj_check(name) && !PyUnicode_Check(name)) {
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "name must be a string or None");
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  if (pycallback && pycallback != Py_None && !PyCallable_Check(pycallback)) {
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "callback function must be callable");
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  Py_XINCREF(pycallback);
  Py_XINCREF(pycallback_data);
  Py_XDECREF(self->callback);
  Py_XDECREF(self->callback_data);
  self->callback = pycallback;
  self->callback_data = pycallback_data;
  self->callback_exception = 0;

  dirfilename = gdpy_path_from_pyobj(name, self->char_enc);

  if (dirfilename == NULL) {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  self->D = gd_cbopen(dirfilename, (unsigned int)flags,
      (pycallback == NULL) ? NULL : gdpy_callback_func, self);

  PyMem_Free(dirfilename);

  if (self->callback_exception) {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, -1, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_add(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "entry", NULL };
  struct gdpy_entry_t *entry = NULL;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "O!:pygetdata.dirfile.add",
        keywords, &gdpy_entry, &entry))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_add(self->D, entry->E);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_addspec(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "spec", "fragment_index", NULL };
  char *spec;
  int fragment = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|i:pygetdata.dirfile.add_spec", keywords, self->char_enc, &spec,
        &fragment))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_add_spec(self->D, spec, fragment);
  PyMem_Free(spec);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_alter(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "entry", "recode", NULL };
  struct gdpy_entry_t *entry = NULL;
  int recode = 0;
  char *field_code;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "etO!|i:pygetdata.dirfile.alter",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code, &gdpy_entry, &entry, &recode))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_alter_entry(self->D, field_code, entry->E, recode);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_alterspec(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "spec", "recode", NULL };
  char *spec;
  int recode = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|i:pygetdata.dirfile.alter_spec", keywords, self->char_enc, &spec,
        &recode))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_alter_spec(self->D, spec, recode);
  PyMem_Free(spec);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_close(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  dtrace("%p", self);

  if (gd_close(self->D))
    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  self->D = gd_invalid_dirfile();

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_delentry(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"field_code", "flags", NULL};
  char *field_code;
  unsigned int flags = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et|I:pygetdata.dirfile.delete",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code, &flags))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_delete(self->D, field_code, flags);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_discard(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  dtrace("%p", self);

  if (gd_discard(self->D)) {
    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);
  }

  /* Here we replace D with an empty, invalid dirfile object.  */
  self->D = gd_invalid_dirfile();

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getcarray(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"field_code", "return_type", "start", "len", "as_list",
    NULL};
  char *field_code;
  unsigned int start = 0;
  unsigned PY_LONG_LONG len = 0;
  int as_list = 0;
  gd_type_t return_type;
  PyObject *return_type_obj = NULL;
  PyObject *pyobj = NULL;
  npy_intp dims[] = { 0 };

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|OIKi:pygetdata.dirfile.get_carray", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, &return_type_obj, &start, &len, &as_list))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  /* get return type */
  if (return_type_obj) {
    return_type = (gd_type_t)gdpy_long_from_pyobj(return_type_obj);
    if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }
  } else {
    return_type = gd_native_type(self->D, field_code);
    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(field_code), self->char_enc);
  }

  /* Handle GD_NULL */
  if (return_type == GD_NULL) {
    if (len == 0)
      gd_get_carray(self->D, field_code, GD_NULL, NULL);
    else
      gd_get_carray_slice(self->D, field_code, start, (size_t)len, GD_NULL,
          NULL);

    PyMem_Free(field_code);

    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    dreturn("%p", Py_None);
    return Py_None;
  }

  /* Non-GD_NULL return_type */
  if (len == 0) {
    len = gd_array_len(self->D, field_code);
    if (len > start)
      len -= start;
    else
      len = 0;
  }

  if (len == 0) {
    if (!as_list)
      pyobj = PyArray_ZEROS(1, dims, NPY_INT, 0);
    else
      pyobj = Py_BuildValue("[]");
  } else {
    void *data;
    if (!as_list) {
      dims[0] = (npy_intp)len;
      pyobj = PyArray_SimpleNew(1, dims, gdpy_npytype_from_type(return_type));
      data = PyArray_DATA((PyArrayObject*) pyobj);
    } else
      data = PyMem_Malloc((size_t)len * GD_SIZE(return_type));

    gd_get_carray_slice(self->D, field_code, start, (size_t)len, return_type,
        data);
    PyMem_Free(field_code);

    if (!as_list)
      GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);
    else {
      GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(data), self->char_enc);
      pyobj = gdpy_convert_to_pylist(data, return_type, (size_t)len);

      PyMem_Free(data);
    }
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getsarray(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"field_code", "start", "len", NULL};
  const char *field_code;
  unsigned int start = 0;
  unsigned PY_LONG_LONG len = 0;
  PyObject *pyobj = NULL;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|IK:pygetdata.dirfile.get_sarray", keywords, self->char_enc,
				&field_code, &start, &len))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (len == 0) {
    len = gd_array_len(self->D, field_code);
    if (len > start)
      len -= start;
    else
      len = 0;
  } else if (len > GD_SIZE_T_MAX / sizeof(const char *)) {
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "pygetdata.dirfile.get_sarray(): "
        "array is too big");
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (len == 0)
    pyobj = Py_BuildValue("[]");
  else {
    const char **data = PyMem_Malloc((size_t)len * sizeof(*data));

    gd_get_sarray_slice(self->D, field_code, start, (size_t)len, data);

    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(data), self->char_enc);

    pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr_len(data, (size_t)len, self->char_enc);

    PyMem_Free(data);
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getconstant(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"field_code", "return_type", NULL};
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *return_type_obj = NULL;
  gd_type_t return_type;
  char data[16];
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|O:pygetdata.dirfile.get_constant", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, &return_type_obj))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  /* get return type */
  if (return_type_obj) {
    return_type = (gd_type_t)gdpy_long_from_pyobj(return_type_obj);
    if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }
  } else {
    return_type = gd_native_type(self->D, field_code);
    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(field_code), self->char_enc);
  }

  gd_get_constant(self->D, field_code, return_type, data);

  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpy_convert_to_pyobj(data, return_type, 1);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_arraylen(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  size_t len;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.array_len",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  len = gd_array_len(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)len);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_carraylen(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  PyErr_Warn(PyExc_DeprecationWarning, "pygetdata.dirfile.carray_len is "
      "deprecated; use pygetdata.dirfile.array_len instead.");

  pyobj = gdpy_dirfile_arraylen(self, args, keys);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_carrays(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"return_type", "as_list", NULL};
  const char **fields;
  int as_list = 0, i, return_type;
  const gd_carray_t *carrays;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  npy_intp dims[] = { 0 };

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "i|i:pygetdata.dirfile.carrays",
        keywords, &return_type, &as_list))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  fields = gd_field_list_by_type(self->D, GD_CARRAY_ENTRY);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  carrays = gd_carrays(self->D, (gd_type_t)return_type);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);

  for (i = 0; carrays[i].n != 0; ++i) {
    PyObject *pydata, *name;
    if (return_type == GD_NULL) {
      Py_INCREF(Py_None);
      pydata = Py_None;
    } else if (!as_list) {
      dims[0] = (npy_intp)carrays[i].n;
      pydata = PyArray_SimpleNew(1, dims, gdpy_npytype_from_type(return_type));
      memcpy(PyArray_DATA((PyArrayObject*) pydata), carrays[i].d, GD_SIZE(return_type) *
          carrays[i].n);
    } else
      pydata = gdpy_convert_to_pylist(carrays[i].d, return_type, carrays[i].n);

    name = gdpyobj_from_string(fields[i], self->char_enc);

    if (name == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(pydata);
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    gdpylist_append(pyobj, Py_BuildValue("NN", name, pydata));
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_sarrays(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  const char **fields;
  size_t i;
  const char ***sarrays;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p", self);

  fields = gd_field_list_by_type(self->D, GD_SARRAY_ENTRY);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  sarrays = gd_sarrays(self->D);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);

  for (i = 0; sarrays[i] != NULL; ++i) {
    PyObject *pydata, *name;
    
    pydata = gdpyobj_from_strarr(sarrays[i], self->char_enc);

    if (pydata == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    name = gdpyobj_from_string(fields[i], self->char_enc);

    if (name == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(pydata);
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    gdpylist_append(pyobj, Py_BuildValue("NN", name, pydata));
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getconstants(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  int i;
  char *keywords[] = {"return_type", NULL};
  const char **fields;
  const char *values;
  int return_type;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "i:pygetdata.dirfile.constants", keywords, &return_type))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  fields = gd_field_list_by_type(self->D, GD_CONST_ENTRY);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  values = gd_constants(self->D, (gd_type_t)return_type);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);

  for (i = 0; fields[i] != NULL; ++i) {
    PyObject *name = gdpyobj_from_string(fields[i], self->char_enc);

    if (name == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    gdpylist_append(pyobj, Py_BuildValue("NN", name, 
          gdpy_convert_to_pyobj(values + i * GD_SIZE(return_type),
            return_type, 1)));
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getdata(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "return_type", "first_frame",
    "first_sample", "num_frames", "num_samples", "as_list", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PY_LONG_LONG first_frame = 0, first_sample = 0;
  PyObject *num_frames_obj = NULL, *num_samples_obj = NULL;
  PyObject *return_type_obj = NULL;
  PY_LONG_LONG num_frames = 0, num_samples = 0;
  size_t ns;
  int as_list = 0, read_to_end = 0, is_sindir = 0;
  gd_type_t return_type = GD_NULL;
  unsigned int spf = 1;
  PyObject *pyobj = NULL;
  npy_intp dims[] = { 0 };

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|OLLOOi:pygetdata.dirfile.getdata", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, &return_type_obj, &first_frame, &first_sample,
        &num_frames_obj, &num_samples_obj, &as_list))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  /* Check for SINDIR */
  if (gd_entry_type(self->D, field_code) == GD_SINDIR_ENTRY) {
    is_sindir = 1;
    as_list = 1;
  }

  /* get return type */
  if (return_type_obj) {
    return_type = (gd_type_t)gdpy_long_from_pyobj(return_type_obj);
    if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }
  } else {
    return_type = gd_native_type(self->D, field_code);
    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(field_code), self->char_enc);
  }

  if (num_frames_obj) {
    num_frames = gdpy_long_from_pyobj(num_frames_obj);
    if (num_frames == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    } else if (num_frames < 0) {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "pygetdata.dirfile.getdata(): "
          "num_frames must be non-negative");
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }
  }

  if (num_samples_obj) {
    num_samples = gdpy_long_from_pyobj(num_samples_obj);
    if (num_samples == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    } else if (num_samples < 0) {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "pygetdata.dirfile.getdata(): "
          "num_samples must be non-negative");
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }
  }

  /* read to end mode */
  if (num_frames_obj == NULL && num_samples_obj == NULL)
    read_to_end = 1;

  /* we need the SPF to know how many samples we have to allocate */
  if (read_to_end || num_frames) {
    spf = gd_spf(self->D, field_code);

    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(field_code), self->char_enc);

    if (read_to_end) {
      num_samples = gd_nframes64(self->D) * spf;
      GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(field_code), self->char_enc);

      /* don't read past the frame indicated by nframes */
      num_samples -= first_frame * spf + first_sample;
      if (num_samples < 0)
        num_samples = 0;
    } else
      num_samples += num_frames * spf;
  }

  /* Handle GD_NULL -- this still needs to be run though the C library to
   * check for errors and get the return value */
  if (return_type == GD_NULL) {
    ns = gd_getdata64(self->D, field_code, first_frame, first_sample, 0,
        (size_t)num_samples, GD_NULL, NULL);
    PyMem_Free(field_code);
    
    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

    pyobj = PyLong_FromLongLong(ns);
  } else if (num_samples == 0) {
    PyMem_Free(field_code);
    if (!as_list)
      pyobj = PyArray_ZEROS(1, dims, gdpy_npytype_from_type(return_type), 0);
    else
      pyobj = Py_BuildValue("[]");
  } else if (is_sindir) {
    const char** data;

    if (num_samples / sizeof(*data) > GD_SIZE_T_MAX) {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "pygetdata.dirfile.getdata(): "
          "array is too big");
    }

    data = PyMem_Malloc((size_t)num_samples * sizeof(*data));

    ns = gd_getdata(self->D, field_code, first_frame, first_sample, 0,
        (size_t)num_samples, return_type, data);

    pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr_len(data, ns, self->char_enc);

    PyMem_Free(data);
  } else {
    void *data;
    if (!as_list) {
      dims[0] = (npy_intp)num_samples;
      pyobj = PyArray_SimpleNew(1, dims, gdpy_npytype_from_type(return_type));
      data = PyArray_DATA((PyArrayObject*) pyobj);
    } else
      data = PyMem_Malloc((size_t)num_samples * GD_SIZE(return_type));

    ns = gd_getdata64(self->D, field_code, first_frame, first_sample, 0,
        (size_t)num_samples, return_type, data);
    PyMem_Free(field_code);

    if (!as_list) {
      GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);
      /* resize, if necessary */
      if (ns < num_samples) {
        PyObject *check;
        PyArray_Dims new_dims;

        new_dims.ptr = dims;
        new_dims.len = 1;
        dims[0] = (npy_intp)ns;
        check = PyArray_Resize((PyArrayObject*)pyobj, &new_dims, 0,
            NPY_ANYORDER);

        if (check == NULL) /* error -- exception already raised */
          return NULL;
        Py_DECREF(check); /* Despite the docs, PyArray_Resize returns an
                             INCREF'd Py_None on success */
      }
    } else {
      GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(data), self->char_enc);
      pyobj = gdpy_convert_to_pylist(data, return_type, ns);

      PyMem_Free(data);
    }
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getentry(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"field_code", NULL};
  char *field_code;
  struct gdpy_entry_t *obj;
  gd_entry_t *E;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.entry",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  E = PyMem_Malloc(sizeof(gd_entry_t));

  if (E == NULL) {
    PyMem_Free(field_code);
    PyErr_NoMemory();
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_entry(self->D, field_code, E);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(E), self->char_enc);

  obj = (struct gdpy_entry_t*)gdpy_entry.tp_alloc(&gdpy_entry, 0);

  if (obj == NULL) {
    gd_free_entry_strings(E);
    PyMem_Free(E);
    PyErr_NoMemory();
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  obj->E = E;

  /* These entry objects copy the dirfile's character_encoding, not the global
   * pygetdata.character_encoding
   */
  if (self->char_enc) {
    obj->char_enc = gdpy_strdup(self->char_enc);
    if (obj->char_enc == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(obj);
      PyErr_NoMemory();
      obj = NULL;
    }
  } else
    obj->char_enc = NULL;

  dreturn("%p", obj);
  return (PyObject*)obj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_geterror(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  PyObject *error;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  error = gdpyint_fromlong(gd_error(self->D));

  dreturn("%p", error);
  return error;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_geterrorcount(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  PyObject *count;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  count = gdpyint_fromlong(gd_error_count(self->D));

  dreturn("%p", count);
  return count;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getfragment(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"fragment_index", NULL};
  int fragment_index;
  struct gdpy_fragment_t *obj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "i:pygetdata.dirfile.fragment",
        keywords, &fragment_index))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  obj = (struct gdpy_fragment_t*)gdpy_fragment.tp_alloc(&gdpy_fragment, 0);

  if (obj == NULL) {
    PyErr_NoMemory();
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  obj->n = fragment_index;
  Py_INCREF(self);
  obj->dirfile = self;

  dreturn("%p", obj);
  return (PyObject*)obj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getfragmentindex(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"field_code", NULL};
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  int index;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.fragment_index", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  index = gd_fragment_index(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(index);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_geterrorstring(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  char *estring;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  estring = gd_error_string(self->D, NULL, 0);
  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_estring(estring, self->char_enc);
  PyMem_Free(estring);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getvectorlist(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  const char **vectors;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p", self);

  vectors = gd_vector_list(self->D);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr(vectors, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getfieldlist(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  const char **fields;
  char *keywords[] = { "type", NULL };
  int type = GD_NO_ENTRY;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "|i:pygetdata.dirfile.field_list", keywords, &type))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (type == GD_NO_ENTRY)
    fields = gd_field_list(self->D);
  else
    fields = gd_field_list_by_type(self->D, (gd_entype_t)type);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr(fields, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_flush(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code = NULL;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "|et:pygetdata.dirfile.flush",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_flush(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_sync(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code = NULL;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "|et:pygetdata.dirfile.sync",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_sync(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_raw_close(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code = NULL;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "|et:pygetdata.dirfile.raw_close", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_raw_close(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_include(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "file", "fragment_index", "flags", "namespace", "prefix",
    "suffix", NULL };
  char *file = NULL;
  int fragment_index = 0;
  unsigned long flags = 0;
  char *prefix = NULL, *suffix = NULL, *namespace = NULL;
  long index;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|iketetet:pygetdata.dirfile.include", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &file, &fragment_index, &flags, self->char_enc, &namespace,
        self->char_enc, &prefix, self->char_enc, &suffix))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  self->callback_exception = 0;

  /* Deal with namespace */
  if (namespace && prefix) {
    const size_t nsl = strlen(namespace);
    const char *fmt = "%s.%s";
    char *str = PyMem_Malloc(nsl + strlen(prefix) + 2);

    if (str == NULL) {
      PyMem_Free(file);
      PyMem_Free(prefix);
      PyMem_Free(suffix);

      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return PyErr_NoMemory();
    }

    if (namespace[nsl - 1] == '.')
      fmt = "%s%s";

    sprintf(str, fmt, namespace, prefix);

    PyMem_Free(prefix);
    PyMem_Free(namespace);
    prefix = str;
  } else if (namespace) {
    const size_t nsl = strlen(namespace);
    if (namespace[nsl - 1] != '.') {
      prefix = PyMem_Malloc(nsl + 2);

      if (prefix == NULL) {
        PyMem_Free(file);
        PyMem_Free(suffix);

        dreturn("%p", NULL);
        return PyErr_NoMemory();
      }
      sprintf(prefix, "%s.", namespace);

      PyMem_Free(namespace);
    } else
      prefix = namespace;
  }

  index = gd_include_affix(self->D, file, fragment_index, prefix, suffix,
      flags);

  PyMem_Free(file);
  PyMem_Free(prefix);
  PyMem_Free(suffix);

  if (self->callback_exception) {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(index);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_madd(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "entry", "parent", NULL };
  struct gdpy_entry_t *entry = NULL;
  char *parent;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "O!et:pygetdata.dirfile.madd",
        keywords, &gdpy_entry, &entry, self->char_enc, &parent))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_madd(self->D, entry->E, parent);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_maddspec(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "spec", "parent", NULL };
  char *spec;
  char *parent;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etet:pygetdata.dirfile.madd_spec", keywords, self->char_enc, &spec,
        self->char_enc, &parent))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_madd_spec(self->D, spec, parent);
  PyMem_Free(parent);
  PyMem_Free(spec);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_malterspec(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "spec", "parent", "recode", NULL };
  char *spec, *parent;
  int recode = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etet|i:pygetdata.dirfile.malter_spec", keywords, self->char_enc, &spec,
        self->char_enc, &parent, &recode))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_malter_spec(self->D, spec, parent, recode);
  PyMem_Free(parent);
  PyMem_Free(spec);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_mcarrays(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"parent", "return_type", "as_list", NULL};
  const char **fields;
  char *parent;
  int as_list = 0, i, return_type;
  const gd_carray_t *carrays;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  npy_intp dims[] = { 0 };

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "eti|i:pygetdata.dirfile.mcarrays", keywords, self->char_enc, &parent,
        &return_type, &as_list))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  fields = gd_mfield_list_by_type(self->D, parent, GD_CARRAY_ENTRY);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(parent), self->char_enc);

  carrays = gd_mcarrays(self->D, parent, (gd_type_t)return_type);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);

  for (i = 0; carrays[i].n != 0; ++i) {
    PyObject *pydata, *name;

    if (return_type == GD_NULL) {
      Py_INCREF(Py_None);
      pydata = Py_None;
    } else if (!as_list) {
      dims[0] = (npy_intp)carrays[i].n;
      pydata = PyArray_SimpleNew(1, dims, gdpy_npytype_from_type(return_type));
      memcpy(PyArray_DATA((PyArrayObject*) pydata), carrays[i].d, GD_SIZE(return_type) *
          carrays[i].n);
    } else
      pydata = gdpy_convert_to_pylist(carrays[i].d, return_type, carrays[i].n);

    name = gdpyobj_from_string(fields[i], self->char_enc);

    if (name == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(pydata);
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    gdpylist_append(pyobj, Py_BuildValue("NN", name, pydata));
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_msarrays(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"parent", NULL};
  const char **fields;
  char *parent;
  int i;
  const char ***sarrays;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.msarrays",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &parent))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  fields = gd_mfield_list_by_type(self->D, parent, GD_SARRAY_ENTRY);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  sarrays = gd_msarrays(self->D, parent);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);

  for (i = 0; sarrays[i] != NULL; ++i) {
    PyObject *pydata, *name;
    
    pydata = gdpyobj_from_strarr(sarrays[i], self->char_enc);

    if (pydata == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    name = gdpyobj_from_string(fields[i], self->char_enc);

    if (name == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(pydata);
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    gdpylist_append(pyobj, Py_BuildValue("NN", name, pydata));
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getmconstants(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  int i;
  char *keywords[] = {"parent", "return_type", NULL};
  const char **fields;
  const char *values;
  char *parent = NULL;
  int return_type;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "eti:pygetdata.dirfile.mconstants", keywords, self->char_enc, &parent,
        &return_type))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  fields = gd_mfield_list_by_type(self->D, parent, GD_CONST_ENTRY);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(parent), self->char_enc);

  values = gd_mconstants(self->D, parent, (gd_type_t)return_type);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);

  for (i = 0; fields[i] != NULL; ++i) {
    PyObject *name = gdpyobj_from_string(fields[i], self->char_enc);

    if (name == NULL) {
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    gdpylist_append(pyobj, Py_BuildValue("NN", name,
          gdpy_convert_to_pyobj(values + i * GD_SIZE(return_type),
            return_type, 1)));
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_metaflush(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  dtrace("%p", self);

  gd_metaflush(self->D);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getmfieldlist(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  const char **fields;
  char *keywords[] = { "parent", "type", NULL };
  char *parent = NULL;
  int type = GD_NO_ENTRY;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|i:pygetdata.dirfile.field_list_by_type", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &parent, &type))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (type == GD_NO_ENTRY)
    fields = gd_mfield_list(self->D, parent);
  else
    fields = gd_mfield_list_by_type(self->D, parent, (gd_entype_t)type);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr(fields, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getname(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  const char *name;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  name = gd_dirfilename(self->D);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_path(name);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getmstrings(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  int i;
  char *keywords[] = {"parent", NULL};
  const char **fields;
  const char **values;
  char *parent = NULL;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.mstrings",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &parent))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  fields = gd_mfield_list_by_type(self->D, parent, GD_STRING_ENTRY);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(parent), self->char_enc);

  values = gd_mstrings(self->D, parent);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);

  for (i = 0; fields[i] != NULL; ++i) {
    PyObject *name = NULL, *value = NULL;

    name = gdpyobj_from_string(fields[i], self->char_enc);
    
    if (name)
      value = gdpyobj_from_string(values[i], self->char_enc);

    if (value == NULL) {
      if (name)
        Py_DECREF(name);
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    gdpylist_append(pyobj, Py_BuildValue("NN", name, value));
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getmvectorlist(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"parent", NULL};
  char *parent = NULL;
  const char **fields;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.mvector_list", keywords, self->char_enc, &parent))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  fields = gd_mvector_list(self->D, parent);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr(fields, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getrawfilename(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  char *filename;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.raw_filename", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  filename = gd_raw_filename(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_path(filename);
  PyMem_Free(filename);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getnativetype(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  gd_type_t ntype;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.native_type", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  ntype = gd_native_type(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)ntype);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getnativetypename(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  char tbuffer[11];
  PyObject *pyobj;
  gd_type_t t;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.native_type_name", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  t = gd_native_type(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  sprintf(tbuffer, "%s%i", ((t & GD_COMPLEX) ? "COMPLEX" :
        (t & GD_IEEE754) ? "FLOAT" : (t & GD_SIGNED) ?  "INT" : "UINT"),
      (int)(8 * GD_SIZE(t)));

  pyobj = gdpystrobj_from_string(tbuffer);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getnfields(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  unsigned int nfields;
  char *keywords[] = { "type", NULL };
  int type = GD_NO_ENTRY;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "|i:pygetdata.dirfile.nfields",
        keywords, &type))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (type == GD_NO_ENTRY)
    nfields = gd_nfields(self->D);
  else
    nfields = gd_nfields_by_type(self->D, (gd_entype_t)type);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)nfields);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getnfragments(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  long nfragments;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  nfragments = gd_nfragments(self->D);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(nfragments);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getnframes(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  gd_off64_t nframes;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  nframes = gd_nframes64(self->D);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyLong_FromLongLong(nframes);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getnmfields(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "parent", "type", NULL };
  char *parent = NULL;
  int type = GD_NO_ENTRY;
  unsigned int nmfields;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et|i:pygetdata.dirfile.nmfields", keywords, self->char_enc, &parent,
        &type))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (type == GD_NO_ENTRY)
    nmfields = gd_nmfields(self->D, parent);
  else
    nmfields = gd_nmfields_by_type(self->D, parent, (gd_entype_t)type);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)nmfields);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getnmvectors(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "parent", NULL };
  char *parent = NULL;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  unsigned int nmvectors;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.nmvectors", keywords, self->char_enc, &parent))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  nmvectors = gd_nmvectors(self->D, parent);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)nmvectors);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getbof(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  gd_off64_t bof;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.bof", keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  bof = gd_bof64(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyLong_FromLongLong(bof);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_geteof(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  gd_off64_t eof;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.eof", keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  eof = gd_eof64(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyLong_FromLongLong(eof);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getnvectors(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  unsigned int nvectors;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p", self);

  nvectors = gd_nvectors(self->D);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)nvectors);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getreference(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  const char *ref;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  ref = gd_reference(self->D, NULL);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  /* Empty dirfile */
  if (ref == NULL) {
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    dreturn("%p", Py_None);
    return Py_None;
  }

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_string(ref, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static int gdpy_dirfile_setreference(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *value, void *closure)
{
  char *ref = NULL;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, value, closure);

  if (value == NULL)
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "deletion of reference is not supported");
  else
    ref = gdpy_string_from_pyobj(value, self->char_enc,
        "reference field must be string");

  /* TypeError already raised on error */
  if (ref == NULL) {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  gd_reference(self->D, ref);
  PyMem_Free(ref);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, -1, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getstring(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  size_t len;
  char *data;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.get_string", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  len = gd_get_string(self->D, field_code, 0, NULL);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(field_code), self->char_enc);

  data = PyMem_Malloc(len);
  if (data == NULL) {
    PyMem_Free(field_code);
    PyErr_NoMemory();
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_get_string(self->D, field_code, len, data);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR2(self->D, NULL, PyMem_Free(data), self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_string(data, self->char_enc);

  PyMem_Free(data);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getstrings(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self)
{
  int i;
  const char **fields;
  const char **values;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p", self);

  fields = gd_field_list_by_type(self->D, GD_STRING_ENTRY);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  values = gd_strings(self->D);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyList_New(0);

  for (i = 0; fields[i] != NULL; ++i) {
    PyObject *name = NULL, *value = NULL;

    name = gdpyobj_from_string(fields[i], self->char_enc);
    
    if (name)
      value = gdpyobj_from_string(values[i], self->char_enc);

    if (value == NULL) {
      if (name)
        Py_DECREF(name);
      Py_DECREF(pyobj);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    gdpylist_append(pyobj, Py_BuildValue("NN", name, value));
  }

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_putconstant(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"field_code", "value", "type", NULL};
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *value;
  int type = GD_UNKNOWN;
  union gdpy_quadruple_value data;
  int data_type;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etO|i:pygetdata.dirfile.put_constant", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, &value, &type))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  data_type = gdpy_convert_from_pyobj(value, &data, type);

  if (data_type == -1) {
    PyMem_Free(field_code);
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if ((data_type & 0xf) == GDPY_SIGNED)
    gd_put_constant(self->D, field_code, GD_INT64, &data.s);
  else if ((data_type & 0xf) == GDPY_IEEE754)
    gd_put_constant(self->D, field_code, GD_FLOAT64, &data.f);
  else if ((data_type & 0xf) == GDPY_COMPLEX)
    gd_put_constant(self->D, field_code, GD_COMPLEX128, &data.c);
  else
    gd_put_constant(self->D, field_code, GD_UINT64, &data.u);

  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_putcarray(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "data", "type", "start", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  unsigned int start = 0;
  size_t len;
  int type = GD_UNKNOWN;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  int have_ndarray = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etO|iI:pygetdata.dirfile.put_carray", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, &pyobj, &type, &start))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  /* we only handle list or ndarray data */
  if (PyArray_Check(pyobj)) {
    if (PyArray_NDIM((PyArrayObject*) pyobj) != 1) {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
          "pygetdata.dirfile.put_carray() argument 2 must be one dimensional");
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }
    have_ndarray = 1;
    len = (size_t)PyArray_DIM((PyArrayObject*) pyobj, 0);
  } else {
    if (!PyList_Check(pyobj)) {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
          "pygetdata.dirfile.put_carray() argument 2 must be list or NumPy "
          "array.");
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    len = PyList_Size(pyobj);
  }

  if (len > 0) {
    void *data;

    if (have_ndarray) {
      type = gdpy_type_from_npytype(PyArray_TYPE((PyArrayObject*) pyobj));

      if (type == GD_UNKNOWN) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
            "pygetdata.dirfile.put_carray() unknown data type for argument 2.");
        PyMem_Free(field_code);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }

      if (!(PyArray_FLAGS((PyArrayObject*) pyobj) & NPY_ARRAY_ALIGNED)) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
            "pygetdata.dirfile.put_carray() argument 2 must be aligned.");
        PyMem_Free(field_code);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }

      if (!(PyArray_FLAGS((PyArrayObject*) pyobj) & NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS)) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "pygetdata.dirfile.put_carray()"
            " argument 2 must be C-style contiguous.");
        PyMem_Free(field_code);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }

      data = PyArray_DATA((PyArrayObject*) pyobj);
    } else {
      data = PyMem_Malloc(len * 16);
      type = gdpy_convert_from_pylist(pyobj, data, type, len);

      if (type == GD_UNKNOWN) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
            "pygetdata.dirfile.put_carray() unknown data type for argument 2.");
        PyMem_Free(data);
        PyMem_Free(field_code);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }
    }

    gd_put_carray_slice(self->D, field_code, start, len, type, data);
    PyMem_Free(field_code);

    if (!have_ndarray)
      PyMem_Free(data);

    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);
  }

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_putsarray(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "data", "start", NULL };
  const char *field_code;
  unsigned int start = 0;
  size_t len = 1, i;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "sO|I:pygetdata.dirfile.put_sarray", keywords, &field_code, &pyobj,
        &start)) {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (PyList_Check(pyobj))
    len = PyList_Size(pyobj);

  if (len > 0) {
    char **data = PyMem_Malloc(len * sizeof(*data));

    if (PyList_Check(pyobj))
      for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
        data[i] = gdpy_string_from_pyobj(PyList_GetItem(pyobj, i),
						self->char_enc, "sarray data must be strings");

				if (data[i] == NULL) {
					unsigned int j;
					for (j = 0; j < i; ++j)
						PyMem_Free(data[j]);
					PyMem_Free(data);
					dreturn ("%p", NULL);
					return NULL;
				}
			}
    else {
      data[0] = gdpy_string_from_pyobj(pyobj, self->char_enc,
          "sarray data must be strings");
      if (data[0] == NULL) {
        PyMem_Free(data);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }
		}

    gd_put_sarray_slice(self->D, field_code, start, len, (const char**)data);

		for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
			PyMem_Free(data[i]);
    PyMem_Free(data);

    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);
  }

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_putdata(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "data", "type", "first_frame",
    "first_sample", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PY_LONG_LONG first_frame = 0, first_sample = 0;
  int type = GD_UNKNOWN;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  size_t ns;
  int have_ndarray = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etO|iLL:pygetdata.dirfile.putdata", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, &pyobj, &type, &first_frame, &first_sample))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  /* we only handle list or ndarray data */
  if (PyArray_Check(pyobj)) {
    if (PyArray_NDIM((PyArrayObject*) pyobj) != 1) {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
          "pygetdata.dirfile.putdata() argument 2 must be one dimensional");
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }
    have_ndarray = 1;
    ns = PyArray_DIM((PyArrayObject*) pyobj, 0);
  } else {
    if (!PyList_Check(pyobj)) {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
          "pygetdata.dirfile.putdata() argument 2 must be list or NumPy "
          "array.");
      PyMem_Free(field_code);
      dreturn("%p", NULL);
      return NULL;
    }

    ns = PyList_Size(pyobj);
  }

  if (ns > 0) {
    void *data;

    if (have_ndarray) {
      type = gdpy_type_from_npytype(PyArray_TYPE((PyArrayObject*) pyobj));

      if (type == GD_UNKNOWN) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
            "pygetdata.dirfile.putdata() unknown data type for argument 2.");
        PyMem_Free(field_code);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }

      if (!(PyArray_FLAGS((PyArrayObject*) pyobj) & NPY_ARRAY_ALIGNED)) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
            "pygetdata.dirfile.putdata() argument 2 must be aligned.");
        PyMem_Free(field_code);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }

      if (!(PyArray_FLAGS((PyArrayObject*) pyobj) & NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS)) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "pygetdata.dirfile.putdata()"
            " argument 2 must be C-style contiguous.");
        PyMem_Free(field_code);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }

      data = PyArray_DATA((PyArrayObject*) pyobj);
    } else {
      data = PyMem_Malloc(ns * 16);
      type = gdpy_convert_from_pylist(pyobj, data, type, ns);

      if (type == GD_UNKNOWN) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
            "pygetdata.dirfile.putdata() unknown data type for argument 2.");
        PyMem_Free(data);
        PyMem_Free(field_code);
        dreturn ("%p", NULL);
        return NULL;
      }
    }

    ns = gd_putdata64(self->D, field_code, first_frame, first_sample, 0, ns,
        type, data);
    PyMem_Free(field_code);

    if (!have_ndarray)
      PyMem_Free(data);

    GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);
  }

  pyobj = PyLong_FromLongLong(ns);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_putstring(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "data", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  char *data;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etet:pygetdata.dirfile.put_string", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, self->char_enc, &data))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_put_string(self->D, field_code, data);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);
  PyMem_Free(data);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getspf(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  unsigned int spf;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.spf",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  spf = gd_spf(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)spf);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_validate(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.validate",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_validate(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getframenum(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "value", "start", "end", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  double value, frame;
  PY_LONG_LONG frame_start = 0;
  PY_LONG_LONG frame_end = 0;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etd|LL:pygetdata.dirfile.framenum", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, &value, &frame_start, &frame_end))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  frame = gd_framenum_subset64(self->D, field_code, value, frame_start,
      frame_end);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyFloat_FromDouble(frame);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_callback(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  PyObject *pycallback = NULL;
  PyObject *pycallback_data = Py_None;
  char *keywords[] = {"callback", "extra", NULL};

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "OO:pygetdata.dirfile.set_callback", keywords, &pycallback,
        &pycallback_data))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (pycallback && pycallback != Py_None && !PyCallable_Check(pycallback)) {
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "callback function must be callable");
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  Py_XINCREF(pycallback);
  Py_XINCREF(pycallback_data);
  Py_XDECREF(self->callback);
  Py_XDECREF(self->callback_data);
  self->callback = pycallback;
  self->callback_data = pycallback_data;

  gd_parser_callback(self->D, (pycallback == NULL) ? NULL :
      gdpy_callback_func, self);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_uninclude(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = {"fragment_index", "del", NULL};
  int fragment_index;
  int del = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "i|i:pygetdata.dirfile.uninclude", keywords, &fragment_index, &del))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_uninclude(self->D, fragment_index, del);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_move(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self, PyObject *args,
    PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "new_fragment", "flags", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  int new_fragment;
  unsigned flags = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "eti|I:pygetdata.dirfile.move",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code, &new_fragment, &flags)) {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_move(self->D, field_code, new_fragment, flags);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_rename(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "old_code", "new_name", "flags", NULL };
  char *old_code;
  char *new_name;
  unsigned flags = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etet|I:pygetdata.dirfile.rename", keywords, self->char_enc, &old_code,
        self->char_enc, &new_name, &flags))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_rename(self->D, old_code, new_name, flags);
  PyMem_Free(old_code);
  PyMem_Free(new_name);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getocount(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  long limit;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  /* Check whether descriptor limiting is enabled */
  if (gd_open_limit(self->D, GD_OLIMIT_CURRENT) == 0) {
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    dreturn("%p", Py_None);
    return Py_None;
  }

  limit = gd_open_limit(self->D, GD_OLIMIT_COUNT);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(limit);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getolimit(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  long limit;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  limit = gd_open_limit(self->D, GD_OLIMIT_CURRENT);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  if (limit == 0) {
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    pyobj = Py_None;
  } else
    pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(limit);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static int gdpy_dirfile_setolimit(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *value, void *closure)
{
  long limit = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, value, closure);

  /* Deleting open_limit or setting this to None is equivalent to setting it
   * to zero */
  if (value && value != Py_None) {
    limit = gdpy_long_from_pyobj(value);

    if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
      dreturn("%i", -1);
      return -1;
    }
  }

  gd_open_limit(self->D, limit);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, -1, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getstandards(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  int vers;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  vers = gd_dirfile_standards(self->D, GD_VERSION_CURRENT);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(vers);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static int gdpy_dirfile_setstandards(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *value, void *closure)
{
  int vers = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, value, closure);

  if (value == NULL)
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "deletion of standards is not supported");
  else
    vers = (int)gdpy_long_from_pyobj(value);

  if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  gd_dirfile_standards(self->D, vers);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, -1, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_seek(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self, PyObject *args,
    PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "flags", "frame_num", "sample_num", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PY_LONG_LONG frame_num = 0, sample_num = 0;
  int flags;
  gd_off64_t pos;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "eti|LL:pygetdata.dirfile.seek",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code, &flags, &frame_num, &sample_num))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  pos = gd_seek64(self->D, field_code, frame_num, sample_num, flags);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyLong_FromLongLong((PY_LONG_LONG)pos);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_tell(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self, PyObject *args,
    PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  gd_off64_t pos;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.tell",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  pos = gd_tell64(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyLong_FromLongLong((PY_LONG_LONG)pos);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_hide(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.hide", keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_hide(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_unhide(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.unhide",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_unhide(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_naliases(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  long naliases;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.naliases",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  naliases = gd_naliases(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(naliases);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_aliastarget(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  const char *target;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.alias_target", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  target = gd_alias_target(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_string(target, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_hidden(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *pyobj;
  long hidden;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "et:pygetdata.dirfile.hidden",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  hidden = gd_hidden(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(hidden);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_aliaslist(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  const char **fields;
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.alias_list", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  fields = gd_aliases(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr(fields, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_addalias(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", "target", "fragment_index", NULL };
  char *field_code, *target;
  int fragment_index = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etet|i:pygetdata.dirfile.add_alias", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code, self->char_enc, &target, &fragment_index))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_add_alias(self->D, field_code, target, fragment_index);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);
  PyMem_Free(target);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_maddalias(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "parent", "field_code", "target", NULL };
  char *field_code, *target, *parent;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "etetet:pygetdata.dirfile.madd_alias", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &parent, self->char_enc, &field_code, self->char_enc, &target))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_madd_alias(self->D, parent, field_code, target);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);
  PyMem_Free(target);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
  dreturn("%p", Py_None);
  return Py_None;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_strtok(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  char *token;
  char *keywords[] = { "string", NULL };
  char *string = NULL;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "|et:pygetdata.dirfile.strtok",
        keywords, self->char_enc, &string))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  token = gd_strtok(self->D, string);
  PyMem_Free(string); /* gd_strtok make a copy of the string */

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_string(token, self->char_enc);
  PyMem_Free(token);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_desync(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  int ret;
  char *keywords[] = { "flags", NULL };
  unsigned int flags = 0;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys, "|I:pygetdata.dirfile.desync",
        keywords, &flags))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  ret = gd_desync(self->D, flags);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)ret);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getflags(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  PyObject *pyobj;
  unsigned long flags;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  flags = gd_flags(self->D, 0, 0);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = PyLong_FromUnsignedLong(flags);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static int gdpy_dirfile_setflags(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *value, void *closure)
{
  unsigned long new_flags = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, value, closure);

  if (value)
    new_flags = gdpy_ulong_from_pyobj(value);

  if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  gd_flags(self->D, new_flags, ~new_flags);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, -1, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getverboseprefix(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  if (self->verbose_prefix == NULL) {
    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
    dreturn("%p", Py_None);
    return Py_None;
  }

  pyobj = gdpystrobj_from_string(self->verbose_prefix);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static int gdpy_dirfile_setverboseprefix(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *value, void *closure)
{
  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, value, closure);

  PyMem_Free(self->verbose_prefix);
  if (value == NULL || value == Py_None)
    self->verbose_prefix = NULL;
  else {
    char *new_prefix = gdpy_string_from_pyobj(value, self->char_enc,
        "prefix must be string");

    if (new_prefix == NULL) {
      dreturn("%i", -1);
      return -1;
    }
    self->verbose_prefix = new_prefix;
  }

  gd_verbose_prefix(self->D, self->verbose_prefix);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, -1, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getmplexlookback(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong(self->mplex_lookback);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static int gdpy_dirfile_setmplexlookback(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *value, void *closure)
{
  int lookback = 0;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, value, closure);

  if (value == NULL)
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "deletion of lookback is not supported");
  else
    lookback = (int)gdpy_long_from_pyobj(value);

  if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }

  self->mplex_lookback = lookback;

  gd_mplex_lookback(self->D, lookback);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, -1, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_nentries(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "parent", "type", "flags", NULL };
  unsigned int nentries, flags = 0;
  int type = 0;
  char *parent = NULL;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "|etiI:pygetdata.dirfile.nentries", keywords, self->char_enc, &parent,
        &type, &flags))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  nentries = gd_nentries(self->D, parent, type, flags);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyint_fromlong((long)nentries);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_entrylist(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  const char **entries;
  char *keywords[] = { "parent", "type", "flags", NULL };
  int type = 0;
  unsigned int flags = 0;
  char *parent = NULL;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "|etiI:pygetdata.dirfile.entry_list", keywords, self->char_enc, &parent,
        &type, &flags))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  entries = gd_entry_list(self->D, parent, type, flags);
  PyMem_Free(parent);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr(entries, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_matchentries(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *args, void *keys)
{
  const char **entries;
  char *keywords[] = { "regex", "fragment", "type", "flags", NULL };
  int type = 0, fragment = GD_ALL_FRAGMENTS;
  unsigned int flags = 0;
  char *regex = NULL;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "|etiiI:pygetdata.dirfile.entry_list", keywords, self->char_enc, &regex,
        &fragment, &type, &flags))
  {
    dreturn("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  gd_match_entries(self->D, regex, fragment, type, flags, &entries);
  PyMem_Free(regex);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_strarr(entries, self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_linterptablename(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *args, PyObject *keys)
{
  char *keywords[] = { "field_code", NULL };
  char *field_code;
  char *filename;
  PyObject *pyobj;

  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, args, keys);

  if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keys,
        "et:pygetdata.dirfile.linterp_tablename", keywords, self->char_enc,
        &field_code))
  {
    dreturn ("%p", NULL);
    return NULL;
  }

  filename = gd_linterp_tablename(self->D, field_code);
  PyMem_Free(field_code);

  GDPY_CHECK_ERROR(self->D, NULL, self->char_enc);

  pyobj = gdpyobj_from_path(filename);
  PyMem_Free(filename);
  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static PyObject *gdpy_dirfile_getcharencoding(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    void *closure)
{
  dtrace("%p, %p", self, closure);

  PyObject *pyobj = gdpy_charenc_obj(self->char_enc);

  dreturn("%p", pyobj);
  return pyobj;
}

static int gdpy_dirfile_setcharencoding(struct gdpy_dirfile_t *self,
    PyObject *value, void *closure)
{
  dtrace("%p, %p, %p", self, value, closure);

  if (gdpy_parse_charenc(&self->char_enc, value)) {
    dreturn("%i", -1);
    return -1;
  }
  
  dreturn("%i", 0);
  return 0;
}

static PyGetSetDef gdpy_dirfile_getset[] = {
  { "character_encoding", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getcharencoding,
    (setter)gdpy_dirfile_setcharencoding,
    "The character encoding to use when representing Dirfile string data\n"
      "and metadata in Python.  The initial value of this attribute is\n"
      "copied from the value of the global pygetdata.character_encoding\n"
      "at the time that the dirfile object is created, if the global value\n"
      "is valid.  If the global pygetdata.character_encoding is invalid,\n"
      "the initial value of this attribute is simply None.  Subsequent\n"
      "changes affect only this object.  See the CHARACTER STRINGS section\n"
      "in the pygetdata module documentation for further details.",
    NULL },
  { "error", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_geterror, NULL,
    "The numerical error code encountered by the last call to the GetData\n"
      "library for this dirfile.  If the last call was successful, this\n"
      "will be zero.  Because pygetdata throws exceptions on GetData\n"
      "errors, it is typically not necessary to check this value; use a\n"
      "try/except statement instead.  See gd_error(3).",
    NULL },
  { "error_count", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_geterrorcount, NULL,
    "The number of errors encountered by the GetData library for this\n"
      "dirfile since the last time this member was accessed.  Note:\n"
      "accessing this member, resets it to zero.  See gd_error_count(3).",
    NULL },
  { "error_string", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_geterrorstring, NULL,
    "A human-readable description of the last error encountered by the\n"
      "GetData library for this dirfile.  See gd_error_string(3).",
    NULL },
  { "flags", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getflags, (setter)gdpy_dirfile_setflags,
    "The operational flags of the open dirfile.  This contains a subset\n"
      "of the dirfile creation flags specified when the object was\n"
      "instantiated.  See gd_flags(3).", NULL },
  { "name", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getname, NULL,
    "The name of the Dirfile.  See gd_dirfilename(3).",
    NULL },
  { "nfragments", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getnfragments, NULL,
    "The number of format file fragments in the dirfile.  See\n"
      "gd_nfragments(3)",
    NULL },
  { "nframes", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getnframes, NULL,
    "The number of frames in the dirfile.  See gd_nframes(3).", NULL },
  { "open_count", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getocount, NULL,
    "The number of open file descriptors in use by the loaded dirfile.\n"
      "This value is only tracked if descriptor limiting is enabled\n"
      "(i.e., open_limit is non-zero).  If not being tracked, this will\n"
      "be None.  See gd_open_limit(3).",
    NULL },
  { "open_limit", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getolimit,
    (setter)gdpy_dirfile_setolimit,
    "The maximum number of open file descriptors allowed for this\n"
      "dirfile.  By default, this is None, meaning file descriptor\n"
      "limiting is disabled.  If set to a postivie number, pygetdata\n"
      "will limit the number of open file descriptors for the dirfile\n"
      "to this value by automatically closing open RAW files as\n"
      "necessary.  Deleting this member or setting it to zero is the same\n"
      "as setting it to None: descriptor limiting is disabled.  While\n"
      "limiting is enabled, the current number of open file descriptors\n"
      "is provided as open_count.  See gd_open_limit(3).\n",
      /*--- handy ruler: closing quote as indicated (or earlier)---------\n" */
    NULL },
  { "reference", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getreference,
    (setter)gdpy_dirfile_setreference,
    "The reference field for the dirfile, which may be set to any\n"
      "existing RAW field.  If no RAW fields are defined in the dirfile,\n"
      "this will be None.  See gd_reference(3).",
    NULL },
  { "standards", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getstandards,
    (setter)gdpy_dirfile_setstandards,
    "The current Standards Version of the loaded dirfile.  Setting this\n"
      "to pygetdata.VERSION_EARLIEST or pygetdata.VERSION_LATEST has the\n"
      "same effect as passing the corresponding C API symbols to\n"
      "gd_dirfile_standards(3), q.v.",
    NULL },
  {"verbose_prefix", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getverboseprefix,
    (setter)gdpy_dirfile_setverboseprefix,
      "If opened with pygetdata::VERBOSE, a string prefixed to error\n"
        "messages printed by the library, or None, if no prefix is\n"
        "defined.  See gd_verbose_prefix(3)."
  },
  {"mplex_lookback", (getter)gdpy_dirfile_getmplexlookback,
    (setter)gdpy_dirfile_setmplexlookback,
      "The number of MPLEX cycles to search before the requested start of\n"
        "the returned data when reading data from a MPLEX field.  Set\n"
        "to zero to disable lookback, or to -1 to make the lookback\n"
        "unlimited.  See gd_mplex_lookback(3) for the definition of a\n"
        "\"MPLEX cycle\"."
  },
  { NULL }
};

static PyMethodDef gdpy_dirfile_methods[] = {
  {"add", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_add, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "add(entry)\n\n"
      "Add a field described by 'entry', which should be a pygetdata.entry\n"
      "object, to the database.  See gd_add(3)."
  },
  {"add_spec", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_addspec, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "add_spec(line [, fragment_index])\n\n"
      "Add a field described by the field specification line 'line' to the\n"
      "database, by adding it to the format file fragment indexed by\n"
      "'fragment_index', which defaults to 0, if not given.  See\n"
      "gd_add_spec(3)."
  },
  {"alter", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_alter, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "alter(field_code, entry [, recode])\n\n"
      "Modify the field metadata of the field specified by 'field_code',\n"
      "as described by 'entry', which should be a pygetdata.entry object.\n"
      "If recode is given and is non-zero, the data on disk will also be\n"
      "updated, if relevant, to reflect changes in the field metatdata.\n"
      "The entry.name and entry.fragment_index data descriptors are ignored\n"
      "by this function.  To rename or change the fragment of a field\n"
      "use the rename() or move() methods. See gd_alter_entry(3)."
  },
  {"alter_spec", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_alterspec, METH_VARARGS |
    METH_KEYWORDS, "alter_spec(line [, recode])\n\n"
      "Modify the field metadata described by the field specification line\n"
      "'line'.  If recode is given and is non-zero, the data on disk will\n"
      "also be updated, if relevant, to reflect changes in the field\n"
      "metadata.  See gd_alter_spec(3)."
  },
  {"close", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_close, METH_NOARGS,
    "close()\n\n"
      "Flush all pending changes to disk (as if flush() were called) and\n"
      "then close the dirfile.  It is not normally necessary to call this\n"
      "method explicitly: the dirfile will be closed when the dirfile\n"
      "object is destroyed.  After successful completion, the dirfile will\n"
      "be invalidated, prohibiting further use of this object.  See\n"
      "gd_close(3)."
  },
  {"delete", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_delentry, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "delete(field_code [, flags])\n\n"
      "Delete the field 'field_code' from the database.  If 'flags' is\n"
      "omitted, it is assumed to be zero.  Otherwise, 'flags' should be a\n"
      "bitwise or'd collection of the pygetdata.DEL_* symbols, whose\n"
      "meanings are described in the gd_delete manual page.  See\n"
      "gd_delete(3)."
  },
  {"discard", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_discard, METH_NOARGS,
    "discard()\n\n"
      "Discard pending metatdata changes to the dirfile (data changes are\n"
      "still written) and then close the dirfile.  After this method\n"
      "successfully returns, the dirfile will be invalidated, prohibiting\n"
      "further use of this object.  Call this method if you don't want the\n"
      "object to implicitly call gd_close() when it is deleted.  See\n"
      "gd_discard(3)."
  },
  {"flush", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_flush, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "flush([field_code])\n\n"
      "Equivalent to sync([field_code]) && raw_close([field_code]).\n"
      "See gd_flush(3)."
  },
  {"bof", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getbof, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "bof(field_code)\n\n"
      "Retrieve the sample number corresponding to the beginning-of-field\n"
      "marker for the field specified by 'field_code'.  See gd_bof(3)."
  },
  {"get_carray", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getcarray,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "get_carray(field_code [, return_type, start, len, as_list])\n\n"
      "Retrieve the value of the CARRAY field specified by 'field_code'.\n"
      "The 'return_type' parameter, if given, indicates the desired type of\n"
      "the elements of the array returned, and should be (typically) one\n"
      "of: pygetdata.INT, pygetdata.LONG, pygetdata.ULONG, pygetdata.FLOAT,\n"
      "or pygetdata.COMPLEX, although any GetData data type code is\n"
      "permitted.  If 'as_list' is not given or is zero, a NumPy array will\n"
      "be returned.  Otherwise a list of values will be returned.  If\n"
      "omitted, the return type defaults to the native type of the field\n"
      "(see dirfile.native_type()).  If 'return_type' is pygetdata.NULL,\n"
      "None is returned on success.\n\n"
      "The first element returned is given by 'start', counting from zero.\n"
      "If omitted, zero is assumed.  The number of elements returned is\n"
      "given by 'len'.  If omitted or zero, all elements from 'start' to\n"
      "the end of the array are returned.  See gd_get_carray_slice(3)."
  },
  {"get_sarray", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getsarray,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "get_sarray(field_code [, start, len])\n\n"
      "Retrieve the value of the SARRAY field specified by 'field_code'.\n"
      "A list of values will be returned.\n\n"
      "The first element returned is given by 'start', counting from zero.\n"
      "If omitted, zero is assumed.  The number of elements returned is\n"
      "given by 'len'.  If omitted or zero, all elements from 'start' to\n"
      "the end of the array are returned.  See gd_get_sarray_slice(3)."
  },
  {"get_constant", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getconstant,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "get_constant(field_code [, return_type])\n\n"
      "Retrieve the value of the CONST field specified by 'field_code'.\n"
      "The 'return_type' parameter, if given, indicates the desired type of\n"
      "the object returned, and should be (typically) one of:\n"
      "pygetdata.INT, pygetdata.LONG, pygetdata.ULONG, pygetdata.FLOAT, or\n"
      "pygetdata.COMPLEX, although any GetData data type code is permitted.\n"
      "If omitted, the return type defaults to the native type of the field\n"
      "(see dirfile.native_type()).  If 'return_type' is pygetdata.NULL,\n"
      "None is returned on success.  See gd_get_constant(3)."
  },
  {"constants", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getconstants,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "constants(return_type)\n\n"
      "Retrieve all CONST fields, and their values.  A list of tuples\n"
      "will be returned, each tuple containing the name and value of the\n"
      "field.  The 'return_type' parameter indicates the desired type of\n"
      "the values returned, and should be (typically) one of:\n"
      "pygetdata.INT, pygetdata.LONG, pygetdata.ULONG, pygetdata.FLOAT, or\n"
      "pygetdata.COMPLEX, although any GetData data type code is permitted.\n"
      "See gd_constants(3), but note that this method returns both names\n"
      "and values, unlike the C API counterpart."
  },
  {"array_len", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_arraylen, METH_VARARGS |
    METH_KEYWORDS,
    "array_len(field_code)\n\n"
      "Returns the length of the CARRAY or SARRAY specified by\n"
      "'field_code'.  See gd_array_len(3)."
  },
  {"carray_len", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_carraylen, METH_VARARGS |
    METH_KEYWORDS,
    "carray_len(field_code)\n\n"
      "This method is deprecated.  Use array_len() instead."
  },
  {"carrays", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_carrays, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "carrays(return_type [, as_list])\n\n"
      "Retrieve all CARRAY fields, and their values.  A list of tuples\n"
      "will be returned, each tuple containing the name and values of the\n"
      "field.  If 'as_list' is not given or is zero, the values will be\n"
      "returned in NumPy arrays; otherwise, the values will be returned as\n"
      "lists.\n\n"
      "The 'return_type' parameter indicates the desired type of the values\n"
      "returned, and should be (typically) one of: pygetdata.INT,\n"
      "pygetdata.LONG, pygetdata.ULONG, pygetdata.FLOAT, or\n"
      "pygetdata.COMPLEX, although any GetData data type code is permitted.\n"
      "See gd_carrays(3), but note that this method returns both names\n"
      "and values, unlike the C API counterpart."
  },
  {"getdata", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getdata, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "getdata(field_code [, return_type, first_frame, first_sample,\n"
      "num_frames, num_samples, as_list])\n\n"
      "Retrieve a data vector from the dirfile.  If 'as_list' is not given\n"
      "or is zero, a NumPy array will be returned.  Otherwise a list of\n"
      "data values will be returned.  NumPy arrays should be preferred for\n"
      "large datasets: they are more efficient both in terms of memory\n"
      "usage and retrieval time.\n\n"
      "The 'return_type' parameter indicates the desired type of the values\n"
      "returned.  For NumPy data, the NumPy array will have the dtype\n"
      "indicated.  For list data it should be (typically) one of:\n"
      "pygetdata.INT, pygetdata.LONG, pygetdata.ULONG, pygetdata.FLOAT, or\n"
      "pygetdata.COMPLEX, although any GetData data type code is permitted.\n"
      "If omitted, the return type defaults to the native type of the field\n"
      "(see dirfile.native_type()).  If 'return_type' is pygetdata.NULL,\n"
      "this function will simply return the number of samples read (as in\n"
      "the C API), ignoring 'as_list'.\n\n"
      "The 'first_frame' and 'first_sample' parameters indicate first\n"
      "datum to read.  If they are both omitted, data is read from the\n"
      "first sample.  Similarly, 'num_frames' and 'num_samples' indicate\n"
      "the amount of data.  Omitting both is equivalent to setting\n"
      "'num_frames' to dirfile.nframes (ie. all available data).  Fewer\n"
      "samples than requested may be returned without causing an error.\n"
      "See gd_getdata(3)."
  },
  { "entry", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getentry,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "entry(field_code)\n\n"
      "Retrieve the field metadata for the specified 'field_code'.  A\n"
      "pygetdata.entry object is returned.  See gd_entry(3).\n"
  },
  {"eof", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_geteof, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "eof(field_code)\n\n"
      "Retrieve the sample number corresponding to the end-of-field marker\n"
      "(ie. the number of samples in the field) for the field specified by\n"
      "'field_code'.  See gd_eof(3)."
  },
  { "field_list", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getfieldlist,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "field_list([entry_type])\n\n"
      "Return a list of field names.  If 'entry_type' is given, it should\n"
      "be one of the pygetdata.*_ENTRY symbols.  If 'entry_type' is not\n"
      "given, or is pygetdata.NO_ENTRY, all fields in the database are\n"
      "returned.  Otherwise, only the fields of the given type are\n"
      "returned.  See gd_field_list(3) and gd_field_list_by_type(3)."
  },
  { "fragment", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getfragment,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "fragment(fragment_index)\n\n"
      "Retrieve the metadata associated with the format file fragment\n"
      "indexed by 'fragment_index'.  A pygetdata.fragment object is\n"
      "returned."
  },
  {"fragment_index", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getfragmentindex,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "fragment_index(field_code)\n\n"
      "Return the fragment index of the format file fragment which defines\n"
      "the field specified by 'field_code'.  See gd_fragment_index(3)."
  },
  {"framenum", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getframenum,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "framenum(field_code, value [, start, end])\n\n"
      "Perform a reverse look-up on the field specified by 'field_code'\n"
      "(which must be monotonic) and returns the fractional frame number\n"
      "where the field equals 'value'.  The search is performed between\n"
      "the frame limits 'start' and 'end'.  If 'start' is omitted, the\n"
      "search begins at the first sample.  If 'end' is omitted, the search\n"
      "ends at the last sample.  See gd_framenum_subset(3)."
  },
  {"hidden", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_hidden, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "hidden(field_code)\n\n"
      "Returns true if field_code (alias or real field) is hidden  See \n"
      "gd_hidden(3)."
  },
  {"hide", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_hide, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "hide(field_code)\n\n"
      "Sets the hidden flag on the specified field.  See gd_hide(3)."
  },
  {"linterp_tablename", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_linterptablename,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "linterp_tablename(field_code)\n\n"
      "Return the pathname of the look-up table (LUT) on disk used by the\n"
      "LINTERP field specified by 'field_code'.  See\n"
      "gd_linterp_tablename(3)."
  },
  {"mcarrays", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_mcarrays, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "mcarrays(parent, return_type [, as_list])\n\n"
      "Retrieve all CARRAY metafields, and their values, for the parent\n"
      "field 'parent'.  A list of tuples will be returned, each tuple\n"
      "containing the name and values of the field.  If 'as_list' is not\n"
      "given or is zero, the values will be returned in NumPy arrays;\n"
      "otherwise, the values will be returned as lists.\n\n"
      "The 'return_type' parameter indicates the desired type of the values\n"
      "returned, and should be (typically) one of: pygetdata.INT,\n"
      "pygetdata.LONG, pygetdata.ULONG, pygetdata.FLOAT, or\n"
      "pygetdata.COMPLEX, although any GetData data type code is permitted.\n"
      "See gd_mcarrays(3), but note that this method returns both names\n"
      "and values, unlike the C API counterpart."
  },
  {"mconstants", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getmconstants,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "mconstants(parent, return_type)\n\n"
      "Retrieve all CONST metafields defined for the parent field 'parent',\n"
      "and their values.  A list of tuples will be returned, each tuple\n"
      "containing the name and value of a field.  The 'return_type'\n"
      "parameter indicates the desired type of the values returned, and\n"
      "should be (typically) one of: pygetdata.INT, pygetdata.LONG,\n"
      "pygetdata.ULONG, pygetdata.FLOAT, or pygetdata.COMPLEX, although any\n"
      "GetData data type code is permitted.  See gd_mconstants(3), but\n"
      "note that this method returns both names and values, unlike the\n"
      "C API counterpart."
  },
  { "mfield_list", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getmfieldlist,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "mfield_list(parent [, entry_type])\n\n"
      "Return a list of metafield names for the parent field 'parent'.  If\n"
      "'entry_type' is given, it should be one of the pygetdata.*_ENTRY\n"
      "symbols.  If 'entry_type' is not given, or is pygetdata.NO_ENTRY,\n"
      "all metafields for the given parent field are returned.  Otherwise,\n"
      "only the metafields of the given type are returned.  See\n"
      "gd_mfield_list(3) and gd_mfield_list_by_type(3)."
  },
  {"msarrays", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_msarrays, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "msarrays(parent)\n\n"
      "Retrieve all SARRAY metafields, and their values, for the parent\n"
      "field 'parent'.  A list of tuples will be returned, each tuple\n"
      "containing the name and a list of values of the field.  See\n"
      "gd_mcarrays(3), but note that this method returns both names\n"
      "and values, unlike the C API counterpart."
  },
  {"mstrings", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getmstrings,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "mstrings(parent, return_type)\n\n"
      "Retrieve all STRING metafields defined for the parent field\n"
      "'parent', and their values.  A list of tuples will be returned, each\n"
      "tuple containing the name and value of a field.  See\n"
      "gd_mstrings(3), but note that this method returns both names and\n"
      "values, unlike the C API counterpart."
  },
  { "mvector_list", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getmvectorlist,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "mvector_list(parent)\n\n"
      "Retrieve a list of all vector type metafields (that is: BIT, DIVIDE,\n"
      "LINCOM, LINTERP, MPLEX, MULTIPLY, PHASE, POLYNOM, RECIP, SBIT, and\n"
      "WINDOW metafields) for the parent field 'parent'.  See\n"
      "gd_mvector_list(3)."
  },
  {"native_type", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getnativetype,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "native_type(field_code)\n\n"
      "Retrieve the native data type of the field specified by\n"
      "'field_code'.  The return value will be one of the data type codes:\n"
      "pygetdata.UINT8, pygetdata.INT8, &c.  The native_type_name\n"
      "method behaves identically, but returns a human-readable string\n"
      "describing the data type.  See gd_native_type(3)."
  },
  {"native_type_name", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getnativetypename,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "native_type_name(field_code)\n\n"
      "Retrieve the native data type of the field specified by\n"
      "'field_code'.  The return value will be a string describing the\n"
      "data type: 'UINT8', 'INT8', &c.  The native_type method behaves\n"
      "identically, but returns a numeric data type code.  See\n"
      "gd_native_type(3)."
  },
  {"nentries", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_nentries, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "nentries([parent, type, flags])\n\n"
      "Return a count of entries in the database.  If 'parent' is given,\n"
      "metafields under 'parent' will be considered, otherwise top-level\n"
      "fields are counted.  If given, 'type' should be either one of the\n"
      "the pygetdata.*_ENTRY symbols, or else one of the special\n"
      "pygetdata.*_ENTRIES symbols; if not given, 'type' defaults to\n"
      "pygetdata.ALL_ENTRIES.  If given 'flags' should be a bitwise or'd\n"
      "collection of zero or more of the pygetdata.ENTRIES_* flags.  See\n"
      "gd_nentries(3)."
  },
  {"nfields", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getnfields,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "nfields([entry_type])\n\n"
      "Return the number of fields in the database.  If 'entry_type' is\n"
      "given, it should be one of the pygetdata.*_ENTRY symbols.  If\n"
      "'entry_type' is not given, or is pygetdata.NO_ENTRY, the total\n"
      "number of fields in the database is returned.  Otherwise, only\n"
      "the number of fields of the given type is returned.  See\n"
      "gd_nfields(3) and gd_nfields_by_type(3)."
  },
  {"nmfields", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getnmfields,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "nmfields(parent [, entry_type])\n\n"
      "Return the number of metafields defined for the parent field\n"
      "'parent'.  If 'entry_type' is given, it should be one of the\n"
      "pygetdata.*_ENTRY symbols.  If 'entry_type' is not given, or is\n"
      "pygetdata.NO_ENTRY, the total number of metafields for this parent\n"
      "is returned.  Otherwise, only the number of metafields of the given\n"
      "type is returned.  See gd_nmfields(3) and gd_nmfields_by_type(3)."
  },
  {"nmvectors", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getnmvectors,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "nmvectors(parent)\n\n"
      "Return the number of vector type metafields (that is: BIT, DIVIDE,\n"
      "LINCOM, LINTERP, MPLEX, MULTIPLY, PHASE, POLYNOM, RECIP, SBIT, and\n"
      "WINDOW metafields) for the parent field 'parent'.  See\n"
      "gd_nmvectors(3)."
  },
  {"nvectors", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getnvectors, METH_NOARGS,
    "nvectors()\n\n"
      "Return the number of vector type fields (that is: BIT, DIVIDE,\n"
      "INDEX, LINCOM, LINTERP, MPLEX, MULTIPLY, PHASE, POLYNOM, RAW, RECIP,\n"
      "SBIT, and WINDOW fields) defined in the database.  See\n"
      "gd_nvectors(3)."
  },
  {"raw_filename", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getrawfilename,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "raw_filename(field_code)\n\n"
      "Return the pathname of the data file on disk backing the RAW field\n"
      "specified by 'field_code'.  See gd_raw_filename(3)."
  },
  {"spf", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getspf, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "spf(field_code)\n\n"
      "Return the number of samples per frame of the field specified by\n"
      "field code.  See gd_spf(3)."
  },
  {"get_string", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getstring,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "get_string(field_code)\n\n"
      "Retrieve the value of the STRING field specified by 'field_code'.\n"
      "See gd_get_string(3)."
  },
  { "strings", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getstrings, METH_NOARGS,
    "strings()\n\n"
      "Retrieve all STRING fields defined in the database.  A list of\n"
      "tuples will be returned, each tuple containing the name and value of\n"
      "a field.  See gd_strings(3), but note that this method returns both\n"
      "names and values, unlike the C API counterpart."
  },
  { "vector_list", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_getvectorlist, METH_NOARGS,
    "vector_list()\n\n"
      "Retrieve a list of all vector type fields (that is: BIT, DIVIDE,\n"
      "INDEX, LINCOM, LINTERP, MPLEX, MULTIPLY, PHASE, POLYNOM, RAW, RECIP,\n"
      "SBIT, and WINDOW metafields) defined in the database.  See\n"
      "gd_vector_list(3)."
  },
  {"include", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_include, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "include(filename [, fragment_index, flags, namespace, prefix, suffix])\n\n"
      "Add (and possibly create) a new format file fragment specified by\n"
      "'filename' to the database, as an include in the existing fragment\n"
      "indexed by 'fragment_index'.  If 'fragment_index' is not given,\n"
      "zero is assumed (ie. the primary format file).  If 'flags' is given,\n"
      "it should be a bitwise or'd collection of flags listed in the\n"
      "gd_include manual page.  If 'namespace' is given, it will be used\n"
      "as the fragment's root namespace.  If 'prefix' or 'suffix' are\n"
      "given, they will be applied to the field codes defined in the\n"
      "file.  See gd_include(3)."
  },
  {"madd", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_madd, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "madd(entry, parent)\n\n"
      "Add a field described by 'entry', which should be a pygetdata.entry\n"
      "object, to the database as a metafield under the parent field given\n"
      "by 'parent'.  See gd_madd(3)."
  },
  {"madd_spec", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_maddspec,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "madd_spec(line, parent)\n\n"
      "Add a field described by the field specification line 'line' to the\n"
      "database as a metafield under the parent field given by 'parent'.\n"
      "See gd_madd_spec(3)."
  },
  {"malter_spec", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_malterspec,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "malter_spec(line, parent [, recode])\n\n"
      "Modify the metadata described by the field specification line\n"
      "'line' for a metafield under the parent field 'parent'.  If recode\n"
      "is given and is non-zero, the data on disk will also be updated, if\n"
      "relevant, to reflect changes in the metafield metadata.  See\n"
      "gd_malter_spec(3)."
  },
  {"metaflush", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_metaflush, METH_NOARGS,
    "metaflush()\n\n"
      "Flush all pending metadata changes to disk.  See gd_metaflush(3)."
  },
  {"move", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_move, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "move(field_code, new_fragment [, flags])\n\n"
      "Move the specification of the field given by 'field_code' to the\n"
      "format file fragment indexed by 'new_fragment'.  If 'flags' is given\n"
      "and is non-zero, it should be a bitwise or'd collection of the\n"
      "pygetdat.REN_* symbols.  See gd_move(3)."
  },
  {"put_carray", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_putcarray,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "put_carray(field_code, data [, start])\n\n"
      "Store the data in the list or NumPy array 'data' in the CARRAY given\n"
      "by 'field_code'.  If a list is provided, all entries must be of the\n"
      "same type.  The parameter 'start' indicates where the first sample\n"
      "in which the data will be stored.  Zero is assumed if not given.\n"
      "See gd_put_carray_slice(3)."
  },
  {"put_constant", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_putconstant,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "put_constant(field_code, value [, type])\n\n"
      "Store the value of 'value' in the CONST field given by 'field_code'.\n"
      "The 'value' parameter must be a simple numeric type.  This method\n"
      "will use the most appropriate data type when passing the value to\n"
      "the C API.  However, this behaviour can be overridden by explicitly\n"
      "specifying a C API type for the data using 'type'.  If specified,\n"
      "'type' should be one of the data type codes: pygetdata.UINT8,\n"
      "pygetdata.INT8, &c.  Note that this does not affect the storage type\n"
      "of the CONST field, merely how the data is transferred to the C API.\n"
      "See gd_put_constant(3)."
  },
  {"putdata", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_putdata, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "putdata(field_code, data [, type, first_frame, first_sample])\n\n"
      "Store the data in the list or NumPy array 'data' in the vector field\n"
      "given by 'field_code'.  If a list is provided, all entries must be\n"
      "of the same type.  The parameters 'first_frame' and 'first_sample'\n"
      "indicate the first sample in which the data will be stored.  If\n"
      "neither are given, the data will be stored starting from the first\n"
      "sample in the field.  The number of samples actually written is\n"
      "returned.\n\n"
      "This method will use the most appropriate data type when passing the\n"
      "data to the C API.  However, this behaviour can be overridden by\n"
      "explicitly specifying a C API type for the data using 'type'.  If\n"
      "specified, 'type' should be one of the data type codes:\n"
      "pygetdata.UINT8, pygetdata.INT8, &c.  Note that this does not affect\n"
      "the storage type of the field, merely how the data is transferred to\n"
      "the C API.  See gd_putdata(3)."
  },
  {"put_sarray", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_putsarray,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "put_sarray(field_code, data [, start])\n\n"
      "Store the list 'data' in the SARRAY given by 'field_code'.  The\n"
      "parameter 'start' indicates where the first sample in which the data\n"
      "will be stored.  Zero is assumed if not given.  See\n"
      "gd_put_sarray_slice(3)."
  },
  {"put_string", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_putstring,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "put_string(field_code, value)\n\n"
      "Store the string given by 'value' in the STRING field specified by\n"
      "'field_code'.  See gd_put_string(3)."
  },
  {"rename", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_rename, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "rename(old_code, new_name [, flags])\n\n"
      "Change the name of the field specified by 'old_code' to 'new_name'.\n"
      "If 'flags' is given and is non-zero, it should be a bitwise or'd\n"
      "collection of the pygetdat.REN_* symbols.  See gd_rename(3)."
  },
  {"sarrays", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_sarrays, METH_NOARGS,
    "sarrays()\n\n"
      "Retrieve all SARRAY fields, and their values.  A list of tuples\n"
      "will be returned, each tuple containing the name and list of\n\n"
      "values.  See gd_sarrays(3), but note that this method returns both\n"
      "names and values, unlike the C API counterpart."
  },
  {"seek", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_seek, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "seek(field_code, flags [, frame_num, sample_num])\n\n"
      "Set the field pointer of the field specified by 'field_code'.  The\n"
      "'frame_num' and 'sample_num' parameters indicate desired position.\n"
      "If they are both omitted, the field pointer is set to sample zero.\n"
      "The 'flags' parameter must contain one of pygetdata.SEEK_SET,\n"
      "pygetdata.SEEK_CUR and pygetdata.SEEK_END, which may be bitwise or'd\n"
      "with pygetdata.SEEK_WRITE.  See gd_seek(3)."
  },
  {"set_callback", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_callback,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "set_callback(sehandler, extra)\n\n"
      "Change or remove the parser callback function, and the caller object\n"
      "passed to it.  If 'sehandler' is None, the current parser callback\n"
      "(if any) will be removed, otherwise, the current callback will be\n"
      "replaced by 'sehandler', which must be a callable object.  The\n"
      "'extra' parameter is any object which will be passed to the callback\n"
      "handler, or None, if no such object is needed.  See\n"
      "gd_parser_callback(3)."
  },
  {"tell", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_tell, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "tell(field_code)\n\n"
      "Report the current position of the field pointer of 'field_code'.\n"
      "See gd_tell(3)."
  },
  {"unhide", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_unhide, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "unhide(field_code)\n\n"
      "Clears the hidden flag on the specified field.  See gd_unhide(3)."
  },
  {"uninclude", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_uninclude,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "uninclude(fragment_index [, del])\n\n"
      "Remove the format file fragment indexed by 'fragment_index' from the\n"
      "database.  If 'del' is given, and is non-zero, the file will also be\n"
      "deleted from disk.  This also removes all field defined in the\n"
      "specified fragment from the database.  See gd_uninclude(3)."
  },
  {"validate", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_validate, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "validate(field_code)\n\n"
      "Check whether the field specified by 'field_code' is valid for\n"
      "reading and writing.  Throws an error if it is not.  See\n"
      "gd_validate(3)."
  },
  {"sync", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_sync, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "sync([field_code])\n\n"
      "Flush pending writes to the specified field to disk.  This does\n"
      "not flush pending metadata changes.  For that, use metaflush.\n"
      "However, if field_code is omitted, all data *and* metadata will be\n"
      "written to disk.  See gd_sync(3)."
  },
  {"raw_close", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_raw_close,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "raw_close([field_code])\n\n"
      "Close any open raw data files associated with field_code, freeing\n"
      "resources which may be used for other purposes.  If field_code is\n"
      "omitted, all open raw data files are closed.  See gd_raw_close(3)."
  },
  {"naliases", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_naliases, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "naliases(field_code)\n\n"
      "This function returns the number of aliases defined for the\n"
      "specified field.  If field_code is valid, this will be at least\n"
      "one.  See gd_naliases(3)."
  },
  {"alias_target", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_aliastarget,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "alias_target(field_code)\n\n"
      "Returns the target of the alias specified by 'field_code'.\n"
      "See gd_alias_target(3)."
  },
  {"aliases", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_aliaslist, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "aliases(field_code)\n\n"
      "Returns a list of aliases for 'field_code'.  If successful, the\n"
      "list returned will always contain at least one entry, field_code\n"
      "itself.  See gd_alias_list(3)."
  },
  {"add_alias", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_addalias,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "add_alias(field_code, target [, fragment_index])\n\n"
      "Adds a new alias called 'field_code' pointing to 'target' to the\n"
      "fragment indexed by 'fragment_index', which defaults to 0 if not\n"
      "given.  See gd_add_alias(3)."
  },
  {"madd_alias", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_maddalias,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "add_alias(parent, field_code, target)\n\n"
      "Adds a new alias called 'field_code' pointing to 'target' as a\n"
      "metalias under 'parent'.  See gd_madd_alias(3)."
  },
  {"strtok", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_strtok, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "strtok([string])\n\n"
      "If 'string' is given, runs the GetData tokeniser on 'string' and\n"
      "returns the first token.  If 'string' is not given, returns\n"
      "subsequent tokens (one per call) of the last string that was\n"
      "provided.  Note: an error will result if the string being parsed\n"
      "goes out of scope.  See gd_strtok(3)."
  },
  {"desync", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_desync, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "desync([flags])\n\n"
      "Returns non-zero if the metadata on disk has changed since the\n"
      "dirfile was opened, and optionally automatically reloads it.  If\n"
      "given, flags should be a bitwise or'd  collection of the\n"
      "pygetdata.DESYNC_... flags.  See gd_desync(3)."
  },
  {"entry_list", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_entrylist,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "entry_list([parent, type, flags])\n\n"
      "Return a list of entry names in the database.  If 'parent' is\n"
      "given, metafields under 'parent' will be considered, otherwise\n"
      "top-level entries are returned.  If given, 'type' should be either\n"
      "one of the the pygetdata.*_ENTRY symbols, or else one of the\n"
      "special pygetdata.*_ENTRIES symbols; if not given, 'type' defaults\n"
      "to pygetdata.ALL_ENTRIES.  If given 'flags' should be a bitwise\n"
      "or'd collection of zero or more of the pygetdata.ENTRIES_* flags.\n"
      "See gd_entry_list(3)."
  },
  {"match_entries", (PyCFunction)gdpy_dirfile_matchentries,
    METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "match_entries([regex, fragment, type, flags])\n\n"
      /*--- handy ruler: closing quote as indicated (or earlier)---------\n" */
      "Return a list of entry names in the database.  If 'regex' is\n"
      "given, it is a regular expression to match against the entry names\n"
      "If given and not pygetdata.ALL_FRAGMENTS, only the fragment\n"
      "indexed by 'fragment' is searched.  If given, 'type' should be\n"
      "either one of the the pygetdata.*_ENTRY symbols, or else one of\n"
      "the special pygetdata.*_ENTRIES symbols; if not given, 'type'\n"
      "defaults to pygetdata.ALL_ENTRIES.  If given 'flags' should be a\n"
      "bitwise or'd collection of zero or more of the pygetdata.ENTRIES_*\n"
      "and pygetdata.REGEX_* flags.  See gd_match_entries(3)."
  },
  { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
};

#define DIRFILE_DOC \
  "dirfile([name, flags, sehandler, extra, character_encoding])\n\n" \
"If 'name' is omitted or None, returns an invalid dirfile, as if\n" \
"gd_invalid_dirfile(3) were called.  Othwerwise, if 'name' is a string,\n" \
"returns a dirfile object representing the dirfile specified by 'name'.\n" \
"The dirfile is opened by a call to gd_cbopen(3).  See that manual page\n" \
"for full details on arguments.  If present, 'flags' should be a bitwise\n" \
"or'd collection of gd_cbopen flags.  If it is omitted, the default,\n" \
"pygetdata.RDONLY, is used.\n\n" \
"If a callback handler is desired, 'sehandler' should be a callable\n"\
"object (ie. a function) which accepts two objects.  The first object is\n"\
"a dictionary with keys: 'suberror', 'line', 'linenum', and 'filename',\n"\
"providing the same information as the gd_pdata_t structure in the C API.\n"\
"The second object is the 'extra' object passed to this constructor, and\n"\
"may be any object desired by the caller.  If no extra parameter was\n"\
"specified, this will be None.  The sehandler should return either:\n\n"\
" * an integer, one of the pygetdata.SYNTAX_... symbols; or\n"\
" * a string containing the corrected line, and pygetdata.SYNTAX_RESCAN\n"\
"   is assumed; or\n"\
" * a tuple consisting of an integer, one of the pygetdata.SYNTAX_...\n"\
"   symbols, and then, optionally, a string containing the corrected\n"\
"   line.\n"\
"\n"\
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------| */\
"The 'character_encoding' parameter sets the initial value of the\n"\
"character_encoding attribute (q.v.).  If this parameter is omitted, the\n"\
"initial value of the attribute is copied from the global\n"\
"pygetdata.character_encoding instead.\n"\
"\n"\
"The dirfile will be automatically closed when garbage collection is run\n"\
"on the object.  In general, however, an explicit call to close() or\n"\
"discard() is preferable on a writeable dirfile, since the implicit close\n"\
"performed on the dirfile when the object is deleted silently discards\n"\
"any errors encountered when the dirfile is flushed to disc.  After\n"\
"explicitly calling close() or discard(), the dirfile will be\n"\
"invalidated, prohibiting further use of it.\n"


PyTypeObject gdpy_dirfile =
{
  PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
  "pygetdata.dirfile",             /* tp_name */
  sizeof(struct gdpy_dirfile_t),   /* tp_basicsize */
  0,                               /* tp_itemsize */
  (destructor)gdpy_dirfile_delete, /* tp_dealloc */
  0,                               /* tp_print */
  0,                               /* tp_getattr */
  0,                               /* tp_setattr */
  0,                               /* tp_compare */
  0,                               /* tp_repr */
  0,                               /* tp_as_number */
  0,                               /* tp_as_sequence */
  0,                               /* tp_as_mapping */
  0,                               /* tp_hash */
  0,                               /* tp_call */
  0,                               /* tp_str */
  0,                               /* tp_getattro */
  0,                               /* tp_setattro */
  0,                               /* tp_as_buffer */
  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,              /* tp_flags */
  DIRFILE_DOC,                     /* tp_doc */
  0,                               /* tp_traverse */
  0,                               /* tp_clear */
  0,                               /* tp_richcompare */
  0,                               /* tp_weaklistoffset */
  0,                               /* tp_iter */
  0,                               /* tp_iternext */
  gdpy_dirfile_methods,            /* tp_methods */
  0,                               /* tp_members */
  gdpy_dirfile_getset,             /* tp_getset */
  0,                               /* tp_base */
  0,                               /* tp_dict */
  0,                               /* tp_descr_get */
  0,                               /* tp_descr_set */
  0,                               /* tp_dictoffset */
  (initproc)gdpy_dirfile_init,     /* tp_init */
  0,                               /* tp_alloc */
  gdpy_dirfile_create,             /* tp_new */
};