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(* virt-builder
* Copyright (C) 2013 Red Hat Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
* with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
* 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*)
open Common_gettext.Gettext
module G = Guestfs
open Common_utils
open Password
open Planner
open Cmdline
open Customize_cmdline
open Unix
open Printf
let quote = Filename.quote
let prog = Filename.basename Sys.executable_name
let () = Random.self_init ()
let remove_duplicates index =
(* Fill an hash with the higher revision of the available
* (name, arch) tuples, so it possible to ignore duplicates,
* and versions with a lower revision.
*)
let nseen = Hashtbl.create 13 in
List.iter (
fun (name, { Index_parser.arch = arch; revision = revision }) ->
let id = name, arch in
try
let rev = Hashtbl.find nseen id in
if revision > rev then
Hashtbl.replace nseen id revision
with Not_found ->
Hashtbl.add nseen id revision
) index;
List.filter (
fun (name, { Index_parser.arch = arch; revision = revision }) ->
let id = name, arch in
try
let rev = Hashtbl.find nseen (name, arch) in
(* Take the first occurrency with the higher revision,
* removing it from the hash so the other occurrencies
* are ignored.
*)
if revision = rev then (
Hashtbl.remove nseen id;
true
) else
false
with Not_found ->
(* Already taken, so ignore. *)
false
) index
let main () =
(* Command line argument parsing - see cmdline.ml. *)
let mode, arg,
arch, attach, cache, check_signature, curl,
delete_on_failure, format, gpg, list_format, memsize,
network, ops, output, quiet, size, smp, sources, sync,
trace, verbose =
parse_cmdline () in
(* Timestamped messages in ordinary, non-debug non-quiet mode. *)
let msg fs = make_message_function ~quiet fs in
(* If debugging, echo the command line arguments and the sources. *)
if verbose then (
eprintf "command line:";
List.iter (eprintf " %s") (Array.to_list Sys.argv);
prerr_newline ();
iteri (
fun i (source, fingerprint) ->
eprintf "source[%d] = (%S, %S)\n" i source fingerprint
) sources
);
(* Handle some modes here, some later on. *)
let mode =
match mode with
| `Get_kernel -> (* --get-kernel is really a different program ... *)
Get_kernel.get_kernel ~trace ~verbose ?format ?output arg;
exit 0
| `Delete_cache -> (* --delete-cache *)
(match cache with
| Some cachedir ->
msg "Deleting: %s" cachedir;
Cache.clean_cachedir cachedir;
exit 0
| None ->
eprintf (f_"%s: error: could not find cache directory. Is $HOME set?\n")
prog;
exit 1
)
| (`Install|`List|`Notes|`Print_cache|`Cache_all) as mode -> mode in
(* Check various programs/dependencies are installed. *)
(* Check that gpg is installed. Optional as long as the user
* disables all signature checks.
*)
let cmd = sprintf "%s --help >/dev/null 2>&1" gpg in
if Sys.command cmd <> 0 then (
if check_signature then (
eprintf (f_"%s: gpg is not installed (or does not work)\nYou should install gpg, or use --gpg option, or use --no-check-signature.\n") prog;
exit 1
)
else if verbose then
warning ~prog (f_"gpg program is not available")
);
(* Check that curl works. *)
let cmd = sprintf "%s --help >/dev/null 2>&1" curl in
if Sys.command cmd <> 0 then (
eprintf (f_"%s: curl is not installed (or does not work)\n") prog;
exit 1
);
(* Check that virt-resize works. *)
let cmd = "virt-resize --help >/dev/null 2>&1" in
if Sys.command cmd <> 0 then (
eprintf (f_"%s: virt-resize is not installed (or does not work)\n") prog;
exit 1
);
(* Create the cache. *)
let cache =
match cache with
| None -> None
| Some dir ->
try Some (Cache.create ~verbose ~directory:dir)
with exn ->
warning ~prog (f_"cache %s: %s") dir (Printexc.to_string exn);
warning ~prog (f_"disabling the cache");
None
in
(* Download the sources. *)
let downloader = Downloader.create ~verbose ~curl ~cache in
let repos = Sources.read_sources ~prog ~verbose in
let repos = List.map (
fun { Sources.uri = uri; Sources.gpgkey = gpgkey; Sources.proxy = proxy } ->
let gpgkey =
match gpgkey with
| None -> Sigchecker.No_Key
| Some key -> Sigchecker.KeyFile key in
uri, gpgkey, proxy
) repos in
let sources = List.map (
fun (source, fingerprint) ->
source, Sigchecker.Fingerprint fingerprint, Downloader.SystemProxy
) sources in
let sources = List.append repos sources in
let index : Index_parser.index =
List.concat (
List.map (
fun (source, key, proxy) ->
let sigchecker =
Sigchecker.create ~verbose ~gpg ~check_signature ~gpgkey:key in
Index_parser.get_index ~prog ~verbose ~downloader ~sigchecker ~proxy source
) sources
) in
let index = remove_duplicates index in
(* Now handle the remaining modes. *)
let mode =
match mode with
| `List -> (* --list *)
List_entries.list_entries ~list_format ~sources index;
exit 0
| `Print_cache -> (* --print-cache *)
(match cache with
| Some cache ->
let l = List.filter (
fun (_, { Index_parser.hidden = hidden }) ->
hidden <> true
) index in
let l = List.map (
fun (name, { Index_parser.revision = revision; arch = arch }) ->
(name, arch, revision)
) l in
Cache.print_item_status cache ~header:true l
| None -> printf (f_"no cache directory\n")
);
exit 0
| `Cache_all -> (* --cache-all-templates *)
(match cache with
| None ->
eprintf (f_"%s: error: no cache directory\n") prog;
exit 1
| Some _ ->
List.iter (
fun (name,
{ Index_parser.revision = revision; file_uri = file_uri;
proxy = proxy }) ->
let template = name, arch, revision in
msg (f_"Downloading: %s") file_uri;
let progress_bar = not quiet in
ignore (Downloader.download ~prog downloader ~template ~progress_bar
~proxy file_uri)
) index;
exit 0
);
| (`Install|`Notes) as mode -> mode in
(* Which os-version (ie. index entry)? *)
let arg =
(* Try to resolve the alias. *)
try
let item =
List.find (
fun (name, { Index_parser.aliases = aliases }) ->
match aliases with
| None -> false
| Some l -> List.mem arg l
) index in
fst item
with Not_found -> arg in
let item =
try List.find (
fun (name, { Index_parser.arch = a }) ->
name = arg && arch = Architecture.filter_arch a
) index
with Not_found ->
eprintf (f_"%s: cannot find os-version '%s' with architecture '%s'.\nUse --list to list available guest types.\n")
prog arg arch;
exit 1 in
let entry = snd item in
let sigchecker = entry.Index_parser.sigchecker in
(match mode with
| `Notes -> (* --notes *)
let notes =
Languages.find_notes (Languages.languages ()) entry.Index_parser.notes in
(match notes with
| notes :: _ ->
print_endline notes
| [] ->
printf (f_"There are no notes for %s\n") arg
);
exit 0
| `Install ->
() (* fall through to create the guest *)
);
(* --- If we get here, we want to create a guest. --- *)
(* Download the template, or it may be in the cache. *)
let template =
let template, delete_on_exit =
let { Index_parser.revision = revision; file_uri = file_uri;
proxy = proxy } = entry in
let template = arg, arch, revision in
msg (f_"Downloading: %s") file_uri;
let progress_bar = not quiet in
Downloader.download ~prog downloader ~template ~progress_bar ~proxy
file_uri in
if delete_on_exit then unlink_on_exit template;
template in
(* Check the signature of the file. *)
let () =
match entry with
(* New-style: Using a checksum. *)
| { Index_parser.checksum_sha512 = Some csum } ->
Sigchecker.verify_checksum sigchecker (Sigchecker.SHA512 csum) template
| { Index_parser.checksum_sha512 = None } ->
(* Old-style: detached signature. *)
let sigfile =
match entry with
| { Index_parser.signature_uri = None } -> None
| { Index_parser.signature_uri = Some signature_uri } ->
let sigfile, delete_on_exit =
Downloader.download ~prog downloader signature_uri in
if delete_on_exit then unlink_on_exit sigfile;
Some sigfile in
Sigchecker.verify_detached sigchecker template sigfile in
(* For an explanation of the Planner, see:
* http://rwmj.wordpress.com/2013/12/14/writing-a-planner-to-solve-a-tricky-programming-optimization-problem/
*)
(* Planner: Input tags. *)
let itags =
let { Index_parser.size = size; format = format } = entry in
let format_tag =
match format with
| None -> []
| Some format -> [`Format, format] in
let compression_tag =
match detect_compression template with
| `XZ -> [ `XZ, "" ]
| `Unknown -> [] in
[ `Template, ""; `Filename, template; `Size, Int64.to_string size ] @
format_tag @ compression_tag in
(* Planner: Goal. *)
let output_filename, output_format =
match output, format with
| None, None -> sprintf "%s.img" arg, "raw"
| None, Some "raw" -> sprintf "%s.img" arg, "raw"
| None, Some format -> sprintf "%s.%s" arg format, format
| Some output, None -> output, "raw"
| Some output, Some format -> output, format in
if is_char_device output_filename then (
eprintf (f_"%s: cannot output to a character device or /dev/null\n") prog;
exit 1
);
let blockdev_getsize64 dev =
let cmd = sprintf "blockdev --getsize64 %s" (quote dev) in
let lines = external_command ~prog cmd in
assert (List.length lines >= 1);
Int64.of_string (List.hd lines)
in
let output_is_block_dev, blockdev_size =
let b = is_block_device output_filename in
let sz = if b then blockdev_getsize64 output_filename else 0L in
b, sz in
let output_size =
let { Index_parser.size = original_image_size } = entry in
let size =
match size with
| Some size -> size
(* --size parameter missing, output to file: use original image size *)
| None when not output_is_block_dev -> original_image_size
(* --size parameter missing, block device: use block device size *)
| None -> blockdev_size in
if size < original_image_size then (
eprintf (f_"%s: images cannot be shrunk, the output size is too small for this image. Requested size = %s, minimum size = %s\n")
prog (human_size size) (human_size original_image_size);
exit 1
)
else if output_is_block_dev && output_format = "raw" && size > blockdev_size then (
eprintf (f_"%s: output size is too large for this block device. Requested size = %s, output block device = %s, output block device size = %s\n")
prog (human_size size) output_filename (human_size blockdev_size);
exit 1
);
size in
let goal =
(* MUST *)
let goal_must = [
`Filename, output_filename;
`Size, Int64.to_string output_size;
`Format, output_format
] in
(* MUST NOT *)
let goal_must_not = [ `Template, ""; `XZ, "" ] in
goal_must, goal_must_not in
(* Planner: Transitions. *)
let transitions itags =
let is t = List.mem_assoc t itags in
let is_not t = not (is t) in
let remove = List.remove_assoc in
let ret = ref [] in
let tr task weight otags = ret := (task, weight, otags) :: !ret in
(* XXX Weights are not very smartly chosen. At the moment I'm
* using a range [0..100] where 0 = free and 100 = expensive. We
* could estimate weights better by looking at file sizes.
*)
(* Since the final plan won't run in parallel, we don't only need
* to choose unique tempfiles per transition, so this is OK:
*)
let tempfile = Filename.temp_file "vb" ".img" in
unlink_on_exit tempfile;
(* Always possible to copy from one place to another. The only
* thing a copy does is to remove the template tag (since it's always
* copied out of the cache directory).
*)
tr `Copy 50 ((`Filename, output_filename) :: remove `Template itags);
tr `Copy 50 ((`Filename, tempfile) :: remove `Template itags);
(* We can rename a file instead of copying, but don't rename the
* cache copy! (XXX Also this is not free if copying across
* filesystems)
*)
if is_not `Template then (
if not output_is_block_dev then
tr `Rename 0 ((`Filename, output_filename) :: itags);
tr `Rename 0 ((`Filename, tempfile) :: itags);
);
if is `XZ then (
(* If the input is XZ-compressed, then we can run xzcat, either
* to the output file or to a temp file.
*)
if not output_is_block_dev then
tr `Pxzcat 80
((`Filename, output_filename) :: remove `XZ (remove `Template itags));
tr `Pxzcat 80
((`Filename, tempfile) :: remove `XZ (remove `Template itags));
)
else (
(* If the input is NOT compressed then we could run virt-resize
* if it makes sense to resize the image. Note that virt-resize
* can do both size and format conversions.
*)
let old_size = Int64.of_string (List.assoc `Size itags) in
let headroom = 256L *^ 1024L *^ 1024L in
if output_size >= old_size +^ headroom then (
tr `Virt_resize 100
((`Size, Int64.to_string output_size) ::
(`Filename, output_filename) ::
(`Format, output_format) :: (remove `Template itags));
tr `Virt_resize 100
((`Size, Int64.to_string output_size) ::
(`Filename, tempfile) ::
(`Format, output_format) :: (remove `Template itags))
)
(* If the size increase is smaller than the amount of headroom
* inside the disk image, then virt-resize won't work. However
* we can do a disk resize (using 'qemu-img resize') instead,
* although it won't resize the filesystems for the user.
*
* 'qemu-img resize' works on the file in-place and won't change
* the format. It must not be run on a template directly.
*
* Don't run 'qemu-img resize' on an auto format. This is to
* force an explicit conversion step to a real format.
*)
else if output_size > old_size && is_not `Template && List.mem_assoc `Format itags then (
tr `Disk_resize 60 ((`Size, Int64.to_string output_size) :: itags);
tr `Disk_resize 60 ((`Size, Int64.to_string output_size) :: itags);
);
(* qemu-img convert is always possible, and quicker. It doesn't
* resize, but it does change the format.
*)
tr `Convert 60
((`Filename, output_filename) :: (`Format, output_format) ::
(remove `Template itags));
tr `Convert 60
((`Filename, tempfile) :: (`Format, output_format) ::
(remove `Template itags));
);
(* Return the list of possible transitions. *)
!ret
in
(* Plan how to create the disk image. *)
msg (f_"Planning how to build this image");
let plan =
try plan ~max_depth:5 transitions itags goal
with
Failure "plan" ->
eprintf (f_"%s: no plan could be found for making a disk image with\nthe required size, format etc. This is a bug in libguestfs!\nPlease file a bug, giving the command line arguments you used.\n") prog;
exit 1
in
(* Print out the plan. *)
if verbose then (
let print_tags tags =
(try
let v = List.assoc `Filename tags in eprintf " +filename=%s" v
with Not_found -> ());
(try
let v = List.assoc `Size tags in eprintf " +size=%s" v
with Not_found -> ());
(try
let v = List.assoc `Format tags in eprintf " +format=%s" v
with Not_found -> ());
if List.mem_assoc `Template tags then eprintf " +template";
if List.mem_assoc `XZ tags then eprintf " +xz"
in
let print_task = function
| `Copy -> eprintf "cp"
| `Rename -> eprintf "mv"
| `Pxzcat -> eprintf "pxzcat"
| `Virt_resize -> eprintf "virt-resize"
| `Disk_resize -> eprintf "qemu-img resize"
| `Convert -> eprintf "qemu-img convert"
in
iteri (
fun i (itags, task, otags) ->
eprintf "%d: itags:" i;
print_tags itags;
eprintf "\n";
eprintf "%d: task : " i;
print_task task;
eprintf "\n";
eprintf "%d: otags:" i;
print_tags otags;
eprintf "\n\n%!"
) plan
);
(* Delete the output file before we finish. However don't delete it
* if it's block device, or if --no-delete-on-failure is set.
*)
let delete_output_file =
ref (delete_on_failure && not output_is_block_dev) in
let delete_file () =
if !delete_output_file then
try unlink output_filename with _ -> ()
in
at_exit delete_file;
(* Carry out the plan. *)
List.iter (
function
| itags, `Copy, otags ->
let ifile = List.assoc `Filename itags in
let ofile = List.assoc `Filename otags in
msg (f_"Copying");
let cmd = sprintf "cp %s %s" (quote ifile) (quote ofile) in
if verbose then eprintf "%s\n%!" cmd;
if Sys.command cmd <> 0 then exit 1
| itags, `Rename, otags ->
let ifile = List.assoc `Filename itags in
let ofile = List.assoc `Filename otags in
let cmd = sprintf "mv %s %s" (quote ifile) (quote ofile) in
if verbose then eprintf "%s\n%!" cmd;
if Sys.command cmd <> 0 then exit 1
| itags, `Pxzcat, otags ->
let ifile = List.assoc `Filename itags in
let ofile = List.assoc `Filename otags in
msg (f_"Uncompressing");
Pxzcat.pxzcat ifile ofile
| itags, `Virt_resize, otags ->
let ifile = List.assoc `Filename itags in
let iformat =
try Some (List.assoc `Format itags) with Not_found -> None in
let ofile = List.assoc `Filename otags in
let osize = Int64.of_string (List.assoc `Size otags) in
let osize = roundup64 osize 512L in
let oformat = List.assoc `Format otags in
let { Index_parser.expand = expand; lvexpand = lvexpand } = entry in
msg (f_"Resizing (using virt-resize) to expand the disk to %s")
(human_size osize);
let preallocation = if oformat = "qcow2" then Some "metadata" else None in
let () =
let g = new G.guestfs () in
if verbose then ( g#set_trace true; g#set_verbose true );
g#disk_create ?preallocation ofile oformat osize in
let cmd =
sprintf "virt-resize%s%s%s --output-format %s%s%s %s %s"
(if verbose then " --verbose" else " --quiet")
(if is_block_device ofile then " --no-sparse" else "")
(match iformat with
| None -> ""
| Some iformat -> sprintf " --format %s" (quote iformat))
(quote oformat)
(match expand with
| None -> ""
| Some expand -> sprintf " --expand %s" (quote expand))
(match lvexpand with
| None -> ""
| Some lvexpand -> sprintf " --lv-expand %s" (quote lvexpand))
(quote ifile) (quote ofile) in
if verbose then eprintf "%s\n%!" cmd;
if Sys.command cmd <> 0 then exit 1
| itags, `Disk_resize, otags ->
let ofile = List.assoc `Filename otags in
let osize = Int64.of_string (List.assoc `Size otags) in
let osize = roundup64 osize 512L in
msg (f_"Resizing container (but not filesystems) to expand the disk to %s")
(human_size osize);
let cmd = sprintf "qemu-img resize %s %Ld%s"
(quote ofile) osize (if verbose then "" else " >/dev/null") in
if verbose then eprintf "%s\n%!" cmd;
if Sys.command cmd <> 0 then exit 1
| itags, `Convert, otags ->
let ifile = List.assoc `Filename itags in
let iformat =
try Some (List.assoc `Format itags) with Not_found -> None in
let ofile = List.assoc `Filename otags in
let oformat = List.assoc `Format otags in
msg (f_"Converting %s to %s")
(match iformat with None -> "auto" | Some f -> f) oformat;
let cmd = sprintf "qemu-img convert%s %s -O %s %s%s"
(match iformat with
| None -> ""
| Some iformat -> sprintf " -f %s" (quote iformat))
(quote ifile) (quote oformat) (quote ofile)
(if verbose then "" else " >/dev/null 2>&1") in
if verbose then eprintf "%s\n%!" cmd;
if Sys.command cmd <> 0 then exit 1
) plan;
(* Now mount the output disk so we can make changes. *)
msg (f_"Opening the new disk");
let g =
let g = new G.guestfs () in
if verbose then g#set_trace true;
(match memsize with None -> () | Some memsize -> g#set_memsize memsize);
(match smp with None -> () | Some smp -> g#set_smp smp);
g#set_network network;
(* Make sure to turn SELinux off to avoid awkward interactions
* between the appliance kernel and applications/libraries interacting
* with SELinux xattrs.
*)
g#set_selinux false;
(* The output disk is being created, so use cache=unsafe here. *)
g#add_drive_opts ~format:output_format ~cachemode:"unsafe" output_filename;
(* Attach ISOs, if we have any. *)
List.iter (
fun (format, file) ->
g#add_drive_opts ?format ~readonly:true file;
) attach;
g#launch ();
g in
(* Inspect the disk and mount it up. *)
let root =
match Array.to_list (g#inspect_os ()) with
| [root] ->
let mps = g#inspect_get_mountpoints root in
let cmp (a,_) (b,_) =
compare (String.length a) (String.length b) in
let mps = List.sort cmp mps in
List.iter (
fun (mp, dev) ->
try g#mount dev mp
with G.Error msg -> eprintf (f_"%s: %s (ignored)\n") prog msg
) mps;
root
| _ ->
eprintf (f_"%s: no guest operating systems or multiboot OS found in this disk image\nThis is a failure of the source repository. Use -v for more information.\n") prog;
exit 1 in
Customize_run.run ~prog ~verbose ~quiet g root ops;
(* Collect some stats about the final output file.
* Notes:
* - These are virtual disk stats.
* - Never fail here.
*)
let stats =
if not quiet then (
try
(* Calculate the free space (in bytes) across all mounted
* filesystems in the guest.
*)
let free_bytes, total_bytes =
let filesystems = List.map snd (g#mountpoints ()) in
let stats = List.map g#statvfs filesystems in
let stats = List.map (
fun { G.bfree = bfree; bsize = bsize; blocks = blocks } ->
bfree *^ bsize, blocks *^ bsize
) stats in
List.fold_left (
fun (f,t) (f',t') -> f +^ f', t +^ t'
) (0L, 0L) stats in
let free_percent = 100L *^ free_bytes /^ total_bytes in
Some (
String.concat "\n" [
sprintf "%30s: %s" (s_"Output file") output_filename;
sprintf "%30s: %s" (s_"Output size") (human_size output_size);
sprintf "%30s: %s" (s_"Output format") output_format;
sprintf "%30s: %s" (s_"Total usable space")
(human_size total_bytes);
sprintf "%30s: %s (%Ld%%)" (s_"Free space")
(human_size free_bytes) free_percent;
] ^ "\n"
)
with
_ -> None
)
else None in
(* Unmount everything and we're done! *)
msg (f_"Finishing off");
g#umount_all ();
g#shutdown ();
g#close ();
(* Because we used cache=unsafe when writing the output file, the
* file might not be committed to disk. This is a problem if qemu is
* immediately used afterwards with cache=none (which uses O_DIRECT
* and therefore bypasses the host cache). In general you should not
* use cache=none.
*)
if sync then
Fsync.file output_filename;
(* Now that we've finished the build, don't delete the output file on
* exit.
*)
delete_output_file := false;
(* Print the stats calculated above. *)
Pervasives.flush Pervasives.stdout;
Pervasives.flush Pervasives.stderr;
match stats with
| None -> ()
| Some stats -> print_string stats
let () = run_main_and_handle_errors ~prog main
|