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<div class="wikitext"><h4>POST Operation</h4>
<p>The standard HTTP request submitted by the parser is a GET. This note describes how to use POST, which is the usual request submitted by a form.</p>
<p>As an example, we'll submit a form to the U.S. postal service web site.<br />
<i>Note: This is suboptimal, the postal service provides tools for this type of thing: <a href="http://www.uspswebtools.com" class="namedurl"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><img src="../themes/MacOSX/images/http.png" alt="http" class="linkicon" border="0" />http://www.uspswebtools.com</span></a></i><br /></p>
<p>On the USPS web site, the page <a href="http://www.usps.com/zip4/citytown.htm" class="namedurl"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><img src="../themes/MacOSX/images/http.png" alt="http" class="linkicon" border="0" />http://www.usps.com/zip4/citytown.htm</span></a> has the following FORM that asks for a zip code and returns the cities or towns covered by the zip code (only form elements are shown removing all the formatting markup):</p>
<pre>
<form NAME="frmzip" ACTION="zip_response.jsp" METHOD="post" OnSubmit="return validate(frmzip)">
<input type="text" id="zipcode" name="zipcode" size="5" maxlength="5" TABINDEX="10">
<input TYPE="image" NAME="Submit" SRC="/zip4/images/submit.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="50" HEIGHT="17" ALT="Submit" TABINDEX="11"></pre>
<p>From this we determine that the <tt>METHOD</tt> is <tt>POST</tt> and the form should be submitted to <tt>zip_response.jsp</tt>. This relative URL is relative to the page it is found on, so the form should be submitted to <tt>http://www.usps.com/zip4/zip_response.jsp</tt> when the <tt>Submit</tt> input is clicked. The only <tt>input</tt> element other than the <tt>Submit</tt> is a single <tt>text</tt> field that takes 5 or fewer characters. Other types of input element are described in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/interact/forms.html" class="namedurl"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><img src="../themes/MacOSX/images/http.png" alt="http" class="linkicon" border="0" />http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/interact/forms.html</span></a>.</p>
<p>The basic operation is to pass a fully prepared <tt>HttpURLConnection</tt> connected to the <tt>POST</tt> target URL into the <tt>Parser</tt>, either in the constructor or via the <tt>setConnection()</tt> method. To condition the connection, use the <tt>setRequestMethod()</tt> method to set the <tt>POST</tt> operation, and the <tt>setRequestProperty()</tt> and other explicit method calls. Then write the input fields as an ampersand concatenation (<tt>"input1=value1&input2=value2&..."</tt>) into the <tt>PrintWriter</tt> obtained by a call to <tt>getOutputStream()</tt>.</p>
<p>The following sample program illustrates the principles using a <tt>StringBean</tt>, but the same code could be used with a <tt>Parser</tt> by replacing the last three lines in the <tt>try</tt> block with:</p>
<pre>
parser = new Parser ();
parser.setConnection (connection);
// ... do parser operations</pre>
<p><a href="http://htmlparser.sourceforge.net/images/Zip.java" class="namedurl"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><img src="../themes/MacOSX/images/http.png" alt="http" class="linkicon" border="0" />Source</span> Code.</a> <a href="http://htmlparser.sourceforge.net/images/Zip.html" class="namedurl"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><img src="../themes/MacOSX/images/http.png" alt="http" class="linkicon" border="0" />Pretty</span> Print Source Code</a></p>
<pre>
/*
* Zip.java
* POST zip code to look up cities.
*
* Created on April 20, 2003, 11:09 PM
*/
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import org.htmlparser.beans.StringBean;
/**
* POST zip code to look up cities.
* @author Derrick Oswald
*/
public class Zip
{
String mText; // text extracted from the response to the POST request
/**
* Creates a new instance of Zip
*/
public Zip (String code)
{
URL url;
HttpURLConnection connection;
StringBuffer buffer;
PrintWriter out;
StringBean bean;
try
{
// from the 'action' (relative to the refering page)
url = new URL ("http://www.usps.com/zip4/zip_response.jsp");
connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
connection.setRequestMethod ("POST");
connection.setDoOutput (true);
connection.setDoInput (true);
connection.setUseCaches (false);
// more or less of these may be required
// see Request Header Definitions: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt
connection.setRequestProperty ("Accept-Charset", "*");
connection.setRequestProperty ("Referer", "http://www.usps.com/zip4/citytown.htm");
connection.setRequestProperty ("User-Agent", "Zip.java/1.0");
buffer = new StringBuffer (1024);
// 'input' fields separated by ampersands (&)
buffer.append ("zipcode=");
buffer.append (code);
// buffer.append ("&");
// etc.
out = new PrintWriter (connection.getOutputStream ());
out.print (buffer);
out.close ();
bean = new StringBean ();
bean.setConnection (connection);
mText = bean.getStrings ();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
mText = e.getMessage ();
}
}
public String getText ()
{
return (mText);
}
/**
* Program mainline.
* @param args The zip code to look up.
*/
public static void main (String[] args)
{
if (0 >= args.length)
System.out.println ("Usage: java Zip <zipcode>");
else
System.out.println (new Zip (args[0]).getText ());
}
}</pre>
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