File: huff_codes.c

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/**********************************************************************
  Copyright(c) 2011-2016 Intel Corporation All rights reserved.

  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  are met:
    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
      the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
      distribution.
    * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
      contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
      from this software without specific prior written permission.

  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
  OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
  SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
**********************************************************************/

#include "huff_codes.h"
#include "huffman.h"
#include "flatten_ll.h"

/* The order code length codes are written in the dynamic code header. This is
 * defined in RFC 1951 page 13 */
static const uint8_t code_length_code_order[] = { 16, 17, 18, 0, 8,  7, 9,  6, 10, 5,
                                                  11, 4,  12, 3, 13, 2, 14, 1, 15 };

static const uint32_t len_code_extra_bits[] = { 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x1, 0x1,
                                                0x1, 0x1, 0x2, 0x2, 0x2, 0x2, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3,
                                                0x4, 0x4, 0x4, 0x4, 0x5, 0x5, 0x5, 0x5, 0x0 };

static const uint32_t dist_code_extra_bits[] = { 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x1, 0x1, 0x2, 0x2, 0x3, 0x3,
                                                 0x4, 0x4, 0x5, 0x5, 0x6, 0x6, 0x7, 0x7, 0x8, 0x8,
                                                 0x9, 0x9, 0xa, 0xa, 0xb, 0xb, 0xc, 0xc, 0xd, 0xd };

static struct hufftables_icf static_hufftables = {
        .lit_len_table = { { { { .code_and_extra = 0x00c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x08c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x04c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0cc, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x02c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ac, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x06c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ec, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x01c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x09c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x05c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0dc, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x03c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0bc, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x07c, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0fc, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x002, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x082, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x042, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0c2, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x022, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0a2, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x062, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0e2, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x012, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x092, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x052, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0d2, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x032, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0b2, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x072, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0f2, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x00a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x08a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x04a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ca, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x02a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0aa, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x06a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ea, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x01a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x09a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x05a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0da, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x03a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ba, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x07a, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0fa, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x006, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x086, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x046, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0c6, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x026, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0a6, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x066, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0e6, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x016, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x096, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x056, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0d6, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x036, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0b6, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x076, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0f6, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x00e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x08e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x04e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ce, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x02e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ae, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x06e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ee, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x01e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x09e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x05e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0de, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x03e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0be, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x07e, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0fe, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x001, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x081, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x041, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0c1, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x021, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0a1, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x061, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0e1, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x011, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x091, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x051, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0d1, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x031, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0b1, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x071, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0f1, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x009, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x089, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x049, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0c9, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x029, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0a9, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x069, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0e9, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x019, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x099, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x059, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0d9, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x039, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0b9, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x079, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0f9, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x005, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x085, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x045, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0c5, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x025, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0a5, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x065, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0e5, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x015, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x095, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x055, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0d5, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x035, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0b5, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x075, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0f5, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x00d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x08d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x04d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0cd, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x02d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ad, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x06d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ed, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x01d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x09d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x05d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0dd, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x03d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0bd, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x07d, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0fd, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x013, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x113, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x093, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x193, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x053, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x153, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0d3, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1d3, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x033, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x133, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0b3, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1b3, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x073, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x173, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0f3, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1f3, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x00b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x10b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x08b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x18b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x04b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x14b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0cb, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1cb, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x02b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x12b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ab, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1ab, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x06b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x16b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0eb, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1eb, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x01b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x11b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x09b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x19b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x05b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x15b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0db, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1db, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x03b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x13b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0bb, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1bb, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x07b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x17b, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0fb, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1fb, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x007, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x107, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x087, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x187, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x047, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x147, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0c7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1c7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x027, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x127, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0a7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1a7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x067, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x167, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0e7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1e7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x017, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x117, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x097, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x197, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x057, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x157, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0d7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1d7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x037, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x137, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0b7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1b7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x077, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x177, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0f7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1f7, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x00f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x10f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x08f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x18f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x04f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x14f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0cf, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1cf, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x02f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x12f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0af, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1af, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x06f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x16f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ef, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1ef, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x01f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x11f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x09f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x19f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x05f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x15f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0df, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1df, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x03f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x13f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0bf, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1bf, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x07f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x17f, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0ff, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x1ff, .length2 = 0x9 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x040, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x020, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x060, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x010, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x050, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x030, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x070, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x008, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x048, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x028, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x068, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x018, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x058, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x038, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x078, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x004, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x044, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x024, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x064, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x014, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x054, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x034, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x074, .length2 = 0x7 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x003, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x083, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x043, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0c3, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x023, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x0a3, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x063, .length2 = 0x8 } } },
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                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
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                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
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                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
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                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
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                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } },
                           { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } } },
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                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x010, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x008, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x018, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x10004, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x10014, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x2000c, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x2001c, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x30002, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x30012, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x4000a, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x4001a, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x50006, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x50016, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x6000e, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x6001e, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x70001, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x70011, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x80009, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x80019, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x90005, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x90015, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0xa000d, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0xa001d, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0xb0003, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0xb0013, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0xc000b, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0xc001b, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0xd0007, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0xd0017, .length2 = 0x5 } } },
                        { { { .code_and_extra = 0x000, .length2 = 0x0 } } } }
};

extern uint32_t
build_huff_tree(struct heap_tree *heap, uint64_t heap_size, uint64_t node_ptr);
extern void
build_heap(uint64_t *heap, uint64_t heap_size);

static uint32_t
convert_dist_to_dist_sym(uint32_t dist);
static uint32_t
convert_length_to_len_sym(uint32_t length);

static const uint8_t bitrev8[0x100] = {
        0x00, 0x80, 0x40, 0xC0, 0x20, 0xA0, 0x60, 0xE0, 0x10, 0x90, 0x50, 0xD0, 0x30, 0xB0, 0x70,
        0xF0, 0x08, 0x88, 0x48, 0xC8, 0x28, 0xA8, 0x68, 0xE8, 0x18, 0x98, 0x58, 0xD8, 0x38, 0xB8,
        0x78, 0xF8, 0x04, 0x84, 0x44, 0xC4, 0x24, 0xA4, 0x64, 0xE4, 0x14, 0x94, 0x54, 0xD4, 0x34,
        0xB4, 0x74, 0xF4, 0x0C, 0x8C, 0x4C, 0xCC, 0x2C, 0xAC, 0x6C, 0xEC, 0x1C, 0x9C, 0x5C, 0xDC,
        0x3C, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xFC, 0x02, 0x82, 0x42, 0xC2, 0x22, 0xA2, 0x62, 0xE2, 0x12, 0x92, 0x52,
        0xD2, 0x32, 0xB2, 0x72, 0xF2, 0x0A, 0x8A, 0x4A, 0xCA, 0x2A, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0xEA, 0x1A, 0x9A,
        0x5A, 0xDA, 0x3A, 0xBA, 0x7A, 0xFA, 0x06, 0x86, 0x46, 0xC6, 0x26, 0xA6, 0x66, 0xE6, 0x16,
        0x96, 0x56, 0xD6, 0x36, 0xB6, 0x76, 0xF6, 0x0E, 0x8E, 0x4E, 0xCE, 0x2E, 0xAE, 0x6E, 0xEE,
        0x1E, 0x9E, 0x5E, 0xDE, 0x3E, 0xBE, 0x7E, 0xFE, 0x01, 0x81, 0x41, 0xC1, 0x21, 0xA1, 0x61,
        0xE1, 0x11, 0x91, 0x51, 0xD1, 0x31, 0xB1, 0x71, 0xF1, 0x09, 0x89, 0x49, 0xC9, 0x29, 0xA9,
        0x69, 0xE9, 0x19, 0x99, 0x59, 0xD9, 0x39, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xF9, 0x05, 0x85, 0x45, 0xC5, 0x25,
        0xA5, 0x65, 0xE5, 0x15, 0x95, 0x55, 0xD5, 0x35, 0xB5, 0x75, 0xF5, 0x0D, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0xCD,
        0x2D, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xED, 0x1D, 0x9D, 0x5D, 0xDD, 0x3D, 0xBD, 0x7D, 0xFD, 0x03, 0x83, 0x43,
        0xC3, 0x23, 0xA3, 0x63, 0xE3, 0x13, 0x93, 0x53, 0xD3, 0x33, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xF3, 0x0B, 0x8B,
        0x4B, 0xCB, 0x2B, 0xAB, 0x6B, 0xEB, 0x1B, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0xDB, 0x3B, 0xBB, 0x7B, 0xFB, 0x07,
        0x87, 0x47, 0xC7, 0x27, 0xA7, 0x67, 0xE7, 0x17, 0x97, 0x57, 0xD7, 0x37, 0xB7, 0x77, 0xF7,
        0x0F, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0xCF, 0x2F, 0xAF, 0x6F, 0xEF, 0x1F, 0x9F, 0x5F, 0xDF, 0x3F, 0xBF, 0x7F,
        0xFF
};

// bit reverse low order LENGTH bits in code, and return result in low order bits
static inline uint16_t
bit_reverse(uint16_t code, uint32_t length)
{
        code = (bitrev8[code & 0x00FF] << 8) | (bitrev8[code >> 8]);
        return (code >> (16 - length));
}

void
isal_update_histogram_base(uint8_t *start_stream, int length, struct isal_huff_histogram *histogram)
{
        uint32_t literal = 0, hash;
        uint16_t seen, *last_seen = histogram->hash_table;
        uint8_t *current, *end_stream, *next_hash, *end;
        uint32_t match_length;
        uint32_t dist;
        uint64_t *lit_len_histogram = histogram->lit_len_histogram;
        uint64_t *dist_histogram = histogram->dist_histogram;

        if (length <= 0)
                return;

        end_stream = start_stream + length;
        memset(last_seen, 0, sizeof(histogram->hash_table)); /* Initialize last_seen to be 0. */
        for (current = start_stream; current < end_stream - 3; current++) {
                literal = load_le_u32(current);
                hash = compute_hash(literal) & LVL0_HASH_MASK;
                seen = last_seen[hash];
                last_seen[hash] = (current - start_stream) & 0xFFFF;
                dist = (current - start_stream - seen) & 0xFFFF;
                if (dist - 1 < D - 1) {
                        assert(start_stream <= current - dist);
                        match_length = compare258(current - dist, current, end_stream - current);
                        if (match_length >= SHORTEST_MATCH) {
                                next_hash = current;
#ifdef ISAL_LIMIT_HASH_UPDATE
                                end = next_hash + 3;
#else
                                end = next_hash + match_length;
#endif
                                if (end > end_stream - 3)
                                        end = end_stream - 3;
                                next_hash++;
                                for (; next_hash < end; next_hash++) {
                                        literal = load_le_u32(next_hash);
                                        hash = compute_hash(literal) & LVL0_HASH_MASK;
                                        last_seen[hash] = (next_hash - start_stream) & 0xFFFF;
                                }

                                dist_histogram[convert_dist_to_dist_sym(dist)] += 1;
                                lit_len_histogram[convert_length_to_len_sym(match_length)] += 1;
                                current += match_length - 1;
                                continue;
                        }
                }
                lit_len_histogram[literal & 0xFF] += 1;
        }

        for (; current < end_stream; current++)
                lit_len_histogram[*current] += 1;

        lit_len_histogram[256] += 1;
        return;
}

/**
 * @brief  Returns the deflate symbol value for a look back distance.
 */
static uint32_t
convert_dist_to_dist_sym(uint32_t dist)
{
        assert(dist <= 32768 && dist > 0);
        if (dist <= 32768) {
                uint32_t msb = dist > 4 ? bsr(dist - 1) - 2 : 0;
                return (msb * 2) + ((dist - 1) >> msb);
        } else {
                return ~0;
        }
}

/**
 * @brief  Returns the deflate symbol value for a repeat length.
 */
static uint32_t
convert_length_to_len_sym(uint32_t length)
{
        assert(length > 2 && length < 259);

        /* Based on tables on page 11 in RFC 1951 */
        if (length < 11)
                return 257 + length - 3;
        else if (length < 19)
                return 261 + (length - 3) / 2;
        else if (length < 35)
                return 265 + (length - 3) / 4;
        else if (length < 67)
                return 269 + (length - 3) / 8;
        else if (length < 131)
                return 273 + (length - 3) / 16;
        else if (length < 258)
                return 277 + (length - 3) / 32;
        else
                return 285;
}

// Upon return, codes[] contains the code lengths,
// and bl_count is the count of the lengths

/* Init heap with the histogram, and return the histogram size */
static inline uint32_t
init_heap32(struct heap_tree *heap_space, uint32_t *histogram, uint32_t hist_size)
{
        uint32_t heap_size, i;

        memset(heap_space, 0, sizeof(struct heap_tree));

        heap_size = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < hist_size; i++) {
                if (histogram[i] != 0)
                        heap_space->heap[++heap_size] =
                                (((uint64_t) histogram[i]) << FREQ_SHIFT) | i;
        }

        // make sure heap has at least two elements in it
        if (heap_size < 2) {
                if (heap_size == 0) {
                        heap_space->heap[1] = 1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT;
                        heap_space->heap[2] = (1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT) | 1;
                        heap_size = 2;
                } else {
                        // heap size == 1
                        if (histogram[0] == 0)
                                heap_space->heap[2] = 1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT;
                        else
                                heap_space->heap[2] = (1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT) | 1;
                        heap_size = 2;
                }
        }

        build_heap(heap_space->heap, heap_size);

        return heap_size;
}

static inline uint32_t
init_heap64(struct heap_tree *heap_space, uint64_t *histogram, uint64_t hist_size)
{
        uint32_t heap_size, i;

        memset(heap_space, 0, sizeof(struct heap_tree));

        heap_size = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < hist_size; i++) {
                if (histogram[i] != 0)
                        heap_space->heap[++heap_size] = ((histogram[i]) << FREQ_SHIFT) | i;
        }

        // make sure heap has at least two elements in it
        if (heap_size < 2) {
                if (heap_size == 0) {
                        heap_space->heap[1] = 1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT;
                        heap_space->heap[2] = (1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT) | 1;
                        heap_size = 2;
                } else {
                        // heap size == 1
                        if (histogram[0] == 0)
                                heap_space->heap[2] = 1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT;
                        else
                                heap_space->heap[2] = (1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT) | 1;
                        heap_size = 2;
                }
        }

        build_heap(heap_space->heap, heap_size);

        return heap_size;
}

static inline uint32_t
init_heap64_semi_complete(struct heap_tree *heap_space, uint64_t *histogram, uint64_t hist_size,
                          uint64_t complete_start)
{
        uint32_t heap_size, i;

        memset(heap_space, 0, sizeof(struct heap_tree));

        heap_size = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < complete_start; i++) {
                if (histogram[i] != 0)
                        heap_space->heap[++heap_size] = ((histogram[i]) << FREQ_SHIFT) | i;
        }

        for (; i < hist_size; i++)
                heap_space->heap[++heap_size] = ((histogram[i]) << FREQ_SHIFT) | i;

        // make sure heap has at least two elements in it
        if (heap_size < 2) {
                if (heap_size == 0) {
                        heap_space->heap[1] = 1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT;
                        heap_space->heap[2] = (1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT) | 1;
                        heap_size = 2;
                } else {
                        // heap size == 1
                        if (histogram[0] == 0)
                                heap_space->heap[2] = 1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT;
                        else
                                heap_space->heap[2] = (1ULL << FREQ_SHIFT) | 1;
                        heap_size = 2;
                }
        }

        build_heap(heap_space->heap, heap_size);

        return heap_size;
}

static inline uint32_t
init_heap64_complete(struct heap_tree *heap_space, uint64_t *histogram, uint64_t hist_size)
{
        uint32_t heap_size, i;

        memset(heap_space, 0, sizeof(struct heap_tree));

        heap_size = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < hist_size; i++)
                heap_space->heap[++heap_size] = ((histogram[i]) << FREQ_SHIFT) | i;

        build_heap(heap_space->heap, heap_size);

        return heap_size;
}

static inline uint32_t
fix_code_lens(struct heap_tree *heap_space, uint32_t root_node, uint32_t *bl_count,
              uint32_t max_code_len)
{
        struct tree_node *tree = heap_space->tree;
        uint64_t *code_len_count = heap_space->code_len_count;
        uint32_t i, j, k, child, depth, code_len;

        // compute code lengths and code length counts
        code_len = 0;
        j = root_node;
        for (i = root_node; i <= HEAP_TREE_NODE_START; i++) {
                child = tree[i].child;
                if (child > MAX_HISTHEAP_SIZE) {
                        depth = 1 + tree[i].depth;

                        tree[child].depth = depth;
                        tree[child - 1].depth = depth;
                } else {
                        tree[j++] = tree[i];
                        depth = tree[i].depth;
                        while (code_len < depth) {
                                code_len++;
                                code_len_count[code_len] = 0;
                        }
                        code_len_count[depth]++;
                }
        }

        if (code_len > max_code_len) {
                while (code_len > max_code_len) {
                        assert(code_len_count[code_len] > 1);
                        for (i = max_code_len - 1; i != 0; i--)
                                if (code_len_count[i] != 0)
                                        break;
                        assert(i != 0);
                        code_len_count[i]--;
                        code_len_count[i + 1] += 2;
                        code_len_count[code_len - 1]++;
                        code_len_count[code_len] -= 2;
                        if (code_len_count[code_len] == 0)
                                code_len--;
                }

                bl_count[0] = 0;
                for (i = 1; i <= code_len; i++)
                        bl_count[i] = code_len_count[i];
                for (; i <= max_code_len; i++)
                        bl_count[i] = 0;

                for (k = 1; code_len_count[k] == 0; k++)
                        ;
                for (i = root_node; i < j; i++) {
                        tree[i].depth = k;
                        code_len_count[k]--;
                        for (; code_len_count[k] == 0; k++)
                                ;
                }
        } else {
                bl_count[0] = 0;
                for (i = 1; i <= code_len; i++)
                        bl_count[i] = code_len_count[i];
                for (; i <= max_code_len; i++)
                        bl_count[i] = 0;
        }

        return j;
}

static inline void
gen_huff_code_lens(struct heap_tree *heap_space, uint32_t heap_size, uint32_t *bl_count,
                   struct huff_code *codes, uint32_t codes_count, uint32_t max_code_len)
{
        struct tree_node *tree = heap_space->tree;
        uint32_t root_node = HEAP_TREE_NODE_START, node_ptr;
        uint32_t end_node;

        root_node = build_huff_tree(heap_space, heap_size, root_node);

        end_node = fix_code_lens(heap_space, root_node, bl_count, max_code_len);

        memset(codes, 0, codes_count * sizeof(*codes));
        for (node_ptr = root_node; node_ptr < end_node; node_ptr++)
                codes[tree[node_ptr].child].length = tree[node_ptr].depth;
}

/**
 * @brief Determines the code each element of a deflate compliant huffman tree and stores
 * it in a lookup table
 * @requires table has been initialized to already contain the code length for each element.
 * @param table: A lookup table used to store the codes.
 * @param table_length: The length of table.
 * @param count: a histogram representing the number of occurrences of codes of a given length
 */
static inline uint32_t
set_huff_codes(struct huff_code *huff_code_table, int table_length, uint32_t *count)
{
        /* Uses the algorithm mentioned in the deflate standard, Rfc 1951. */
        int i;
        uint16_t code = 0;
        uint16_t next_code[MAX_HUFF_TREE_DEPTH + 1];
        uint32_t max_code = 0;

        next_code[0] = code;

        for (i = 1; i < MAX_HUFF_TREE_DEPTH + 1; i++)
                next_code[i] = (next_code[i - 1] + count[i - 1]) << 1;

        for (i = 0; i < table_length; i++) {
                if (huff_code_table[i].length != 0) {
                        huff_code_table[i].code = bit_reverse(next_code[huff_code_table[i].length],
                                                              huff_code_table[i].length);
                        next_code[huff_code_table[i].length] += 1;
                        max_code = i;
                }
        }

        return max_code;
}

// on input, codes contain the code lengths
// on output, code contains:
// 23:16 code length
// 15:0  code value in low order bits
// returns max code value
static inline uint32_t
set_dist_huff_codes(struct huff_code *codes, uint32_t *bl_count)
{
        uint32_t code, code_len, bits, i;
        uint32_t next_code[MAX_DEFLATE_CODE_LEN + 1];
        uint32_t max_code = 0;
        const uint32_t num_codes = DIST_LEN;

        code = bl_count[0] = 0;
        for (bits = 1; bits <= MAX_HUFF_TREE_DEPTH; bits++) {
                code = (code + bl_count[bits - 1]) << 1;
                next_code[bits] = code;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < num_codes; i++) {
                code_len = codes[i].length;
                if (code_len != 0) {
                        codes[i].code = bit_reverse(next_code[code_len], code_len);
                        codes[i].extra_bit_count = dist_code_extra_bits[i];
                        next_code[code_len] += 1;
                        max_code = i;
                }
        }
        return max_code;
}

/**
 * @brief Creates the header for run length encoded huffman trees.
 * @param header: the output header.
 * @param lookup_table: a huffman lookup table.
 * @param huffman_rep: a run length encoded huffman tree.
 * @extra_bits: extra bits associated with the corresponding spot in huffman_rep
 * @param huffman_rep_length: the length of huffman_rep.
 * @param end_of_block: Value determining whether end of block header is produced or not;
 * 0 corresponds to not end of block and all other inputs correspond to end of block.
 * @param hclen: Length of huffman code for huffman codes minus 4.
 * @param hlit: Length of literal/length table minus 257.
 * @param hdist: Length of distance table minus 1.
 */
static int
create_huffman_header(struct BitBuf2 *header_bitbuf, struct huff_code *lookup_table,
                      struct rl_code *huffman_rep, uint16_t huffman_rep_length,
                      uint32_t end_of_block, uint32_t hclen, uint32_t hlit, uint32_t hdist)
{
        /* hlit, hdist, hclen are as defined in the deflate standard, head is the
         * first three deflate header bits.*/
        int i;
        uint64_t bit_count;
        uint64_t data;
        struct huff_code huffman_value;
        const uint32_t extra_bits[3] = { 2, 3, 7 };

        bit_count = buffer_bits_used(header_bitbuf);

        data = (end_of_block ? 5 : 4) | (hlit << 3) | (hdist << 8) | (hclen << 13);
        data |= ((lookup_table[code_length_code_order[0]].length) << DYN_HDR_START_LEN);
        write_bits(header_bitbuf, data, DYN_HDR_START_LEN + 3);
        data = 0;
        for (i = hclen + 3; i >= 1; i--)
                data = (data << 3) | lookup_table[code_length_code_order[i]].length;

        write_bits(header_bitbuf, data, (hclen + 3) * 3);

        for (i = 0; i < huffman_rep_length; i++) {
                huffman_value = lookup_table[huffman_rep[i].code];

                write_bits(header_bitbuf, (uint64_t) huffman_value.code,
                           (uint32_t) huffman_value.length);

                if (huffman_rep[i].code > 15) {
                        write_bits(header_bitbuf, (uint64_t) huffman_rep[i].extra_bits,
                                   (uint32_t) extra_bits[huffman_rep[i].code - 16]);
                }
        }
        bit_count = buffer_bits_used(header_bitbuf) - bit_count;

        return bit_count;
}

/**
 * @brief Creates the dynamic huffman deflate header.
 * @returns Returns the  length of header in bits.
 * @requires This function requires header is large enough to store the whole header.
 * @param header: The output header.
 * @param lit_huff_table: A literal/length code huffman lookup table.\
 * @param dist_huff_table: A distance huffman code lookup table.
 * @param end_of_block: Value determining whether end of block header is produced or not;
 * 0 corresponds to not end of block and all other inputs correspond to end of block.
 */
static inline int
create_header(struct BitBuf2 *header_bitbuf, struct rl_code *huffman_rep, uint32_t length,
              uint64_t *histogram, uint32_t hlit, uint32_t hdist, uint32_t end_of_block)
{
        int i;

        uint32_t heap_size;
        struct heap_tree heap_space;
        uint32_t code_len_count[MAX_HUFF_TREE_DEPTH + 1];
        struct huff_code lookup_table[HUFF_LEN];

        /* hlit, hdist, and hclen are defined in RFC 1951 page 13 */
        uint32_t hclen;
        uint64_t bit_count;

        /* Create a huffman tree to encode run length encoded representation. */
        heap_size = init_heap64(&heap_space, histogram, HUFF_LEN);
        gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                           (struct huff_code *) lookup_table, HUFF_LEN, 7);
        set_huff_codes(lookup_table, HUFF_LEN, code_len_count);

        /* Calculate hclen */
        for (i = CODE_LEN_CODES - 1; i > 3; i--) /* i must be at least 4 */
                if (lookup_table[code_length_code_order[i]].length != 0)
                        break;

        hclen = i - 3;

        /* Generate actual header. */
        bit_count = create_huffman_header(header_bitbuf, lookup_table, huffman_rep, length,
                                          end_of_block, hclen, hlit, hdist);

        return bit_count;
}

static inline struct rl_code *
write_rl(struct rl_code *pout, uint16_t last_len, uint32_t run_len, uint64_t *counts)
{
        if (last_len == 0) {
                while (run_len > 138) {
                        pout->code = 18;
                        pout->extra_bits = 138 - 11;
                        pout++;
                        run_len -= 138;
                        counts[18]++;
                }
                // 1 <= run_len <= 138
                if (run_len > 10) {
                        pout->code = 18;
                        pout->extra_bits = run_len - 11;
                        pout++;
                        counts[18]++;
                } else if (run_len > 2) {
                        pout->code = 17;
                        pout->extra_bits = run_len - 3;
                        pout++;
                        counts[17]++;
                } else if (run_len == 1) {
                        pout->code = 0;
                        pout->extra_bits = 0;
                        pout++;
                        counts[0]++;
                } else {
                        assert(run_len == 2);
                        pout[0].code = 0;
                        pout[0].extra_bits = 0;
                        pout[1].code = 0;
                        pout[1].extra_bits = 0;
                        pout += 2;
                        counts[0] += 2;
                }
        } else {
                // last_len != 0
                pout->code = last_len;
                pout->extra_bits = 0;
                pout++;
                counts[last_len]++;
                run_len--;
                if (run_len != 0) {
                        while (run_len > 6) {
                                pout->code = 16;
                                pout->extra_bits = 6 - 3;
                                pout++;
                                run_len -= 6;
                                counts[16]++;
                        }
                        // 1 <= run_len <= 6
                        switch (run_len) {
                        case 1:
                                pout->code = last_len;
                                pout->extra_bits = 0;
                                pout++;
                                counts[last_len]++;
                                break;
                        case 2:
                                pout[0].code = last_len;
                                pout[0].extra_bits = 0;
                                pout[1].code = last_len;
                                pout[1].extra_bits = 0;
                                pout += 2;
                                counts[last_len] += 2;
                                break;
                        default: // 3...6
                                pout->code = 16;
                                pout->extra_bits = run_len - 3;
                                pout++;
                                counts[16]++;
                        }
                }
        }
        return pout;
}

// convert codes into run-length symbols, write symbols into OUT
// generate histogram into COUNTS (assumed to be initialized to 0)
// Format of OUT:
// 4:0  code (0...18)
// 15:8 Extra bits (0...127)
// returns number of symbols in out
static inline uint32_t
rl_encode(uint16_t *codes, uint32_t num_codes, uint64_t *counts, struct rl_code *out)
{
        uint32_t i, run_len;
        uint16_t last_len, len;
        struct rl_code *pout;

        pout = out;
        last_len = codes[0];
        run_len = 1;
        for (i = 1; i < num_codes; i++) {
                len = codes[i];
                if (len == last_len) {
                        run_len++;
                        continue;
                }
                pout = write_rl(pout, last_len, run_len, counts);
                last_len = len;
                run_len = 1;
        }
        pout = write_rl(pout, last_len, run_len, counts);

        return (uint32_t) (pout - out);
}

/**
 * @brief Creates a two table representation of huffman codes.
 * @param code_table: output table containing the code
 * @param code_size_table: output table containing the code length
 * @param length: the length of hufftable
 * @param hufftable: a huffman lookup table
 */
static void
create_code_tables(uint16_t *code_table, uint8_t *code_length_table, uint32_t length,
                   struct huff_code *hufftable)
{
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                code_table[i] = hufftable[i].code;
                code_length_table[i] = hufftable[i].length;
        }
}

/**
 * @brief Creates a packed representation of length huffman codes.
 * @details In packed_table, bits 32:8 contain the extra bits appended to the huffman
 * code and bits 8:0 contain the code length.
 * @param packed_table: the output table
 * @param length: the length of lit_len_hufftable
 * @param lit_len_hufftable: a literal/length huffman lookup table
 */
static void
create_packed_len_table(uint32_t *packed_table, struct huff_code *lit_len_hufftable)
{
        int i, count = 0;
        uint16_t extra_bits;
        uint16_t extra_bits_count = 0;

        /* Gain extra bits is the next place where the number of extra bits in
         * length codes increases. */
        uint16_t gain_extra_bits = LEN_EXTRA_BITS_START;

        for (i = 257; i < LIT_LEN - 1; i++) {
                for (extra_bits = 0; extra_bits < (1 << extra_bits_count); extra_bits++) {
                        if (count > 254)
                                break;
                        packed_table[count++] =
                                (extra_bits << (lit_len_hufftable[i].length + LENGTH_BITS)) |
                                (lit_len_hufftable[i].code << LENGTH_BITS) |
                                (lit_len_hufftable[i].length + extra_bits_count);
                }

                if (i == gain_extra_bits) {
                        gain_extra_bits += LEN_EXTRA_BITS_INTERVAL;
                        extra_bits_count += 1;
                }
        }

        packed_table[count] = (lit_len_hufftable[LIT_LEN - 1].code << LENGTH_BITS) |
                              (lit_len_hufftable[LIT_LEN - 1].length);
}

/**
 * @brief Creates a packed representation of distance  huffman codes.
 * @details In packed_table, bits 32:8 contain the extra bits appended to the huffman
 * code and bits 8:0 contain the code length.
 * @param packed_table: the output table
 * @param length: the length of lit_len_hufftable
 * @param dist_hufftable: a distance huffman lookup table
 */
static void
create_packed_dist_table(uint32_t *packed_table, uint32_t length, struct huff_code *dist_hufftable)
{
        int i, count = 0;
        uint16_t extra_bits;
        uint16_t extra_bits_count = 0;

        /* Gain extra bits is the next place where the number of extra bits in
         * distance codes increases. */
        uint16_t gain_extra_bits = DIST_EXTRA_BITS_START;

        for (i = 0; i < DIST_LEN; i++) {
                for (extra_bits = 0; extra_bits < (1 << extra_bits_count); extra_bits++) {
                        if (count >= length)
                                return;

                        packed_table[count++] =
                                (extra_bits << (dist_hufftable[i].length + LENGTH_BITS)) |
                                (dist_hufftable[i].code << LENGTH_BITS) |
                                (dist_hufftable[i].length + extra_bits_count);
                }

                if (i == gain_extra_bits) {
                        gain_extra_bits += DIST_EXTRA_BITS_INTERVAL;
                        extra_bits_count += 1;
                }
        }
}

/**
 * @brief Checks to see if the hufftable is usable by igzip
 *
 * @param lit_len_hufftable: literal/length huffman code
 * @param dist_hufftable: distance huffman code
 * @returns Returns 0 if the table is usable
 */
static int
are_hufftables_useable(struct huff_code *lit_len_hufftable, struct huff_code *dist_hufftable)
{
        int max_lit_code_len = 0, max_len_code_len = 0, max_dist_code_len = 0;
        int dist_extra_bits = 0, len_extra_bits = 0;
        int gain_dist_extra_bits = DIST_EXTRA_BITS_START;
        int gain_len_extra_bits = LEN_EXTRA_BITS_START;
        int max_code_len;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < LIT_LEN; i++)
                if (lit_len_hufftable[i].length > max_lit_code_len)
                        max_lit_code_len = lit_len_hufftable[i].length;

        for (i = 257; i < LIT_LEN - 1; i++) {
                if (lit_len_hufftable[i].length + len_extra_bits > max_len_code_len)
                        max_len_code_len = lit_len_hufftable[i].length + len_extra_bits;

                if (i == gain_len_extra_bits) {
                        gain_len_extra_bits += LEN_EXTRA_BITS_INTERVAL;
                        len_extra_bits += 1;
                }
        }

        for (i = 0; i < DIST_LEN; i++) {
                if (dist_hufftable[i].length + dist_extra_bits > max_dist_code_len)
                        max_dist_code_len = dist_hufftable[i].length + dist_extra_bits;

                if (i == gain_dist_extra_bits) {
                        gain_dist_extra_bits += DIST_EXTRA_BITS_INTERVAL;
                        dist_extra_bits += 1;
                }
        }

        max_code_len = max_lit_code_len + max_len_code_len + max_dist_code_len;

        /* Some versions of igzip can write up to one literal, one length and one
         * distance code at the same time. This checks to make sure that is
         * always writeable in bitbuf*/
        return (max_code_len > MAX_BITBUF_BIT_WRITE);
}

int
isal_create_hufftables(struct isal_hufftables *hufftables, struct isal_huff_histogram *histogram)
{
        struct huff_code lit_huff_table[LIT_LEN], dist_huff_table[DIST_LEN];
        uint64_t bit_count;
        int max_dist = convert_dist_to_dist_sym(IGZIP_HIST_SIZE);
        struct heap_tree heap_space;
        uint32_t heap_size;
        uint32_t code_len_count[MAX_HUFF_TREE_DEPTH + 1];
        struct BitBuf2 header_bitbuf;
        uint32_t max_lit_len_sym;
        uint32_t max_dist_sym;
        uint32_t hlit, hdist, i;
        uint16_t combined_table[LIT_LEN + DIST_LEN];
        uint64_t count_histogram[HUFF_LEN];
        struct rl_code rl_huff[LIT_LEN + DIST_LEN];
        uint32_t rl_huff_len;

        uint32_t *dist_table = hufftables->dist_table;
        uint32_t *len_table = hufftables->len_table;
        uint16_t *lit_table = hufftables->lit_table;
        uint16_t *dcodes = hufftables->dcodes;
        uint8_t *lit_table_sizes = hufftables->lit_table_sizes;
        uint8_t *dcodes_sizes = hufftables->dcodes_sizes;
        uint64_t *lit_len_histogram = histogram->lit_len_histogram;
        uint64_t *dist_histogram = histogram->dist_histogram;

        memset(hufftables, 0, sizeof(struct isal_hufftables));

        heap_size = init_heap64_complete(&heap_space, lit_len_histogram, LIT_LEN);
        gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                           (struct huff_code *) lit_huff_table, LIT_LEN, MAX_DEFLATE_CODE_LEN);
        max_lit_len_sym = set_huff_codes(lit_huff_table, LIT_LEN, code_len_count);

        heap_size = init_heap64_complete(&heap_space, dist_histogram, DIST_LEN);
        gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                           (struct huff_code *) dist_huff_table, max_dist, MAX_DEFLATE_CODE_LEN);
        max_dist_sym = set_huff_codes(dist_huff_table, DIST_LEN, code_len_count);

        if (are_hufftables_useable(lit_huff_table, dist_huff_table)) {
                heap_size = init_heap64_complete(&heap_space, lit_len_histogram, LIT_LEN);
                gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                                   (struct huff_code *) lit_huff_table, LIT_LEN,
                                   MAX_SAFE_LIT_CODE_LEN);
                max_lit_len_sym = set_huff_codes(lit_huff_table, LIT_LEN, code_len_count);

                heap_size = init_heap64_complete(&heap_space, dist_histogram, DIST_LEN);
                gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                                   (struct huff_code *) dist_huff_table, max_dist,
                                   MAX_SAFE_DIST_CODE_LEN);
                max_dist_sym = set_huff_codes(dist_huff_table, DIST_LEN, code_len_count);
        }

        create_code_tables(dcodes, dcodes_sizes, DIST_LEN - DCODE_OFFSET,
                           dist_huff_table + DCODE_OFFSET);

        create_code_tables(lit_table, lit_table_sizes, IGZIP_LIT_TABLE_SIZE, lit_huff_table);

        create_packed_len_table(len_table, lit_huff_table);
        create_packed_dist_table(dist_table, IGZIP_DIST_TABLE_SIZE, dist_huff_table);

        set_buf(&header_bitbuf, hufftables->deflate_hdr, sizeof(hufftables->deflate_hdr));
        init(&header_bitbuf);

        hlit = max_lit_len_sym - 256;
        hdist = max_dist_sym;

        /* Run length encode the length and distance huffman codes */
        memset(count_histogram, 0, sizeof(count_histogram));
        for (i = 0; i < 257 + hlit; i++)
                combined_table[i] = lit_huff_table[i].length;
        for (i = 0; i < 1 + hdist; i++)
                combined_table[i + hlit + 257] = dist_huff_table[i].length;
        rl_huff_len = rl_encode(combined_table, hlit + 257 + hdist + 1, count_histogram, rl_huff);

        /* Create header */
        bit_count = create_header(&header_bitbuf, rl_huff, rl_huff_len, count_histogram, hlit,
                                  hdist, LAST_BLOCK);
        flush(&header_bitbuf);

        hufftables->deflate_hdr_count = bit_count / 8;
        hufftables->deflate_hdr_extra_bits = bit_count % 8;

        return 0;
}

int
isal_create_hufftables_subset(struct isal_hufftables *hufftables,
                              struct isal_huff_histogram *histogram)
{
        struct huff_code lit_huff_table[LIT_LEN], dist_huff_table[DIST_LEN];
        uint64_t bit_count;
        int max_dist = convert_dist_to_dist_sym(IGZIP_HIST_SIZE);
        struct heap_tree heap_space;
        uint32_t heap_size;
        uint32_t code_len_count[MAX_HUFF_TREE_DEPTH + 1];
        struct BitBuf2 header_bitbuf;
        uint32_t max_lit_len_sym;
        uint32_t max_dist_sym;
        uint32_t hlit, hdist, i;
        uint16_t combined_table[LIT_LEN + DIST_LEN];
        uint64_t count_histogram[HUFF_LEN];
        struct rl_code rl_huff[LIT_LEN + DIST_LEN];
        uint32_t rl_huff_len;

        uint32_t *dist_table = hufftables->dist_table;
        uint32_t *len_table = hufftables->len_table;
        uint16_t *lit_table = hufftables->lit_table;
        uint16_t *dcodes = hufftables->dcodes;
        uint8_t *lit_table_sizes = hufftables->lit_table_sizes;
        uint8_t *dcodes_sizes = hufftables->dcodes_sizes;
        uint64_t *lit_len_histogram = histogram->lit_len_histogram;
        uint64_t *dist_histogram = histogram->dist_histogram;

        memset(hufftables, 0, sizeof(struct isal_hufftables));

        heap_size = init_heap64_semi_complete(&heap_space, lit_len_histogram, LIT_LEN,
                                              ISAL_DEF_LIT_SYMBOLS);
        gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                           (struct huff_code *) lit_huff_table, LIT_LEN, MAX_DEFLATE_CODE_LEN);
        max_lit_len_sym = set_huff_codes(lit_huff_table, LIT_LEN, code_len_count);

        heap_size = init_heap64_complete(&heap_space, dist_histogram, DIST_LEN);
        gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                           (struct huff_code *) dist_huff_table, max_dist, MAX_DEFLATE_CODE_LEN);
        max_dist_sym = set_huff_codes(dist_huff_table, DIST_LEN, code_len_count);

        if (are_hufftables_useable(lit_huff_table, dist_huff_table)) {
                heap_size = init_heap64_complete(&heap_space, lit_len_histogram, LIT_LEN);
                gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                                   (struct huff_code *) lit_huff_table, LIT_LEN,
                                   MAX_SAFE_LIT_CODE_LEN);
                max_lit_len_sym = set_huff_codes(lit_huff_table, LIT_LEN, code_len_count);

                heap_size = init_heap64_complete(&heap_space, dist_histogram, DIST_LEN);
                gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, code_len_count,
                                   (struct huff_code *) dist_huff_table, max_dist,
                                   MAX_SAFE_DIST_CODE_LEN);
                max_dist_sym = set_huff_codes(dist_huff_table, DIST_LEN, code_len_count);
        }

        create_code_tables(dcodes, dcodes_sizes, DIST_LEN - DCODE_OFFSET,
                           dist_huff_table + DCODE_OFFSET);

        create_code_tables(lit_table, lit_table_sizes, IGZIP_LIT_TABLE_SIZE, lit_huff_table);

        create_packed_len_table(len_table, lit_huff_table);
        create_packed_dist_table(dist_table, IGZIP_DIST_TABLE_SIZE, dist_huff_table);

        set_buf(&header_bitbuf, hufftables->deflate_hdr, sizeof(hufftables->deflate_hdr));
        init(&header_bitbuf);

        hlit = max_lit_len_sym - 256;
        hdist = max_dist_sym;

        /* Run length encode the length and distance huffman codes */
        memset(count_histogram, 0, sizeof(count_histogram));
        for (i = 0; i < 257 + hlit; i++)
                combined_table[i] = lit_huff_table[i].length;
        for (i = 0; i < 1 + hdist; i++)
                combined_table[i + hlit + 257] = dist_huff_table[i].length;
        rl_huff_len = rl_encode(combined_table, hlit + 257 + hdist + 1, count_histogram, rl_huff);

        /* Create header */
        bit_count = create_header(&header_bitbuf, rl_huff, rl_huff_len, count_histogram, hlit,
                                  hdist, LAST_BLOCK);
        flush(&header_bitbuf);

        hufftables->deflate_hdr_count = bit_count / 8;
        hufftables->deflate_hdr_extra_bits = bit_count % 8;

        return 0;
}

static void
expand_hufftables_icf(struct hufftables_icf *hufftables)
{
        uint32_t i, eb, j, k, len, code;
        struct huff_code orig[21], *p_code;
        struct huff_code *lit_len_codes = hufftables->lit_len_table;
        struct huff_code *dist_codes = hufftables->dist_table;

        for (i = 0; i < 21; i++)
                orig[i] = lit_len_codes[i + 265];

        p_code = &lit_len_codes[265];

        i = 0;
        for (eb = 1; eb < 6; eb++) {
                for (k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
                        len = orig[i].length;
                        code = orig[i++].code;
                        for (j = 0; j < (1u << eb); j++) {
                                p_code->code_and_extra = code | (j << len);
                                p_code->length = len + eb;
                                p_code++;
                        }
                } // end for k
        } // end for eb
        // fix up last record
        p_code[-1] = orig[i];

        dist_codes[DIST_LEN].code_and_extra = 0;
        dist_codes[DIST_LEN].length = 0;
}

uint64_t
create_hufftables_icf(struct BitBuf2 *bb, struct hufftables_icf *hufftables,
                      struct isal_mod_hist *hist, uint32_t end_of_block)
{
        uint32_t bl_count[MAX_DEFLATE_CODE_LEN + 1];
        uint32_t max_ll_code, max_d_code;
        struct heap_tree heap_space;
        uint32_t heap_size;
        struct rl_code cl_tokens[LIT_LEN + DIST_LEN];
        uint32_t num_cl_tokens;
        uint64_t cl_counts[CODE_LEN_CODES];
        uint16_t combined_table[LIT_LEN + DIST_LEN];
        int i;
        uint64_t compressed_len = 0;
        uint64_t static_compressed_len = 3; /* The static header size */
        struct BitBuf2 bb_tmp;

        struct huff_code *ll_codes = hufftables->lit_len_table;
        struct huff_code *d_codes = hufftables->dist_table;
        uint32_t *ll_hist = hist->ll_hist;
        uint32_t *d_hist = hist->d_hist;
        struct huff_code *static_ll_codes = static_hufftables.lit_len_table;
        struct huff_code *static_d_codes = static_hufftables.dist_table;

        memcpy(&bb_tmp, bb, sizeof(struct BitBuf2));

        flatten_ll(hist->ll_hist);

        // make sure EOB is present
        if (ll_hist[256] == 0)
                ll_hist[256] = 1;

        heap_size = init_heap32(&heap_space, ll_hist, LIT_LEN);
        gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, bl_count, ll_codes, LIT_LEN,
                           MAX_DEFLATE_CODE_LEN);
        max_ll_code = set_huff_codes(ll_codes, LIT_LEN, bl_count);

        heap_size = init_heap32(&heap_space, d_hist, DIST_LEN);
        gen_huff_code_lens(&heap_space, heap_size, bl_count, d_codes, DIST_LEN,
                           MAX_DEFLATE_CODE_LEN);
        max_d_code = set_dist_huff_codes(d_codes, bl_count);

        assert(max_ll_code >= 256); // must be EOB code
        assert(max_d_code != 0);

        /* Run length encode the length and distance huffman codes */
        memset(cl_counts, 0, sizeof(cl_counts));

        for (i = 0; i <= 256; i++) {
                combined_table[i] = ll_codes[i].length;
                compressed_len += ll_codes[i].length * ll_hist[i];
                static_compressed_len += static_ll_codes[i].length * ll_hist[i];
        }

        for (; i < max_ll_code + 1; i++) {
                combined_table[i] = ll_codes[i].length;
                compressed_len += (ll_codes[i].length + len_code_extra_bits[i - 257]) * ll_hist[i];
                static_compressed_len +=
                        (static_ll_codes[i].length + len_code_extra_bits[i - 257]) * ll_hist[i];
        }

        for (i = 0; i < max_d_code + 1; i++) {
                combined_table[i + max_ll_code + 1] = d_codes[i].length;
                compressed_len += (d_codes[i].length + dist_code_extra_bits[i]) * d_hist[i];
                static_compressed_len +=
                        (static_d_codes[i].length + dist_code_extra_bits[i]) * d_hist[i];
        }

        if (static_compressed_len > compressed_len) {
                num_cl_tokens = rl_encode(combined_table, max_ll_code + max_d_code + 2, cl_counts,
                                          cl_tokens);

                /* Create header */
                create_header(bb, cl_tokens, num_cl_tokens, cl_counts, max_ll_code - 256,
                              max_d_code, end_of_block);
                compressed_len += 8 * buffer_used(bb) + bb->m_bit_count;
        }

        /* Substitute in static block since it creates smaller block */
        if (static_compressed_len <= compressed_len) {
                memcpy(hufftables, &static_hufftables, sizeof(struct hufftables_icf));
                memcpy(bb, &bb_tmp, sizeof(struct BitBuf2));
                end_of_block = end_of_block ? 1 : 0;
                write_bits(bb, 0x2 | end_of_block, 3);
                compressed_len = static_compressed_len;
        }

        expand_hufftables_icf(hufftables);
        return compressed_len;
}