#   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
#   or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
#   distributed with this work for additional information
#   regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
#   to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
#   "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
#   with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
#   software distributed under the License is distributed on an
#   "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
#   KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
#   specific language governing permissions and limitations
#   under the License.
#
# https://github.com/validator/validator
# parent 787a7a7e972719edf7a79009d768f5111e1d93bc

diff --git a/build/build.py b/build/build.py
index 72145331..76d57d1e 100755
--- a/build/build.py
+++ b/build/build.py
@@ -172,6 +172,7 @@ dependencyPackages = [
     ("https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-servlets/9.4.18.v20190429/jetty-servlets-9.4.18.v20190429.jar", "ed9e6c52ea1c28d92b81bf5c4cff5e22"),  # nopep8
     ("https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-util/9.4.18.v20190429/jetty-util-9.4.18.v20190429.jar", "0e98accd79ef0f0709e67b32d1882712"),  # nopep8
     ("https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/eclipse/jetty/jetty-util-ajax/9.4.18.v20190429/jetty-util-ajax-9.4.18.v20190429.jar", "ec81b52cf2801e04c47e4be7fbeaa9d2"),  # nopep8
+    ("https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/hp/hpl/jena/iri/0.8/iri-0.8.jar", "475e01f6ed4c775114d2d2dfdfb9b354"),  # nopep8
 ]
 
 moduleDependencyPackages = [
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/checker/schematronequiv/Assertions.java b/src/nu/validator/checker/schematronequiv/Assertions.java
index 917182f3..6aba4301 100644
--- a/src/nu/validator/checker/schematronequiv/Assertions.java
+++ b/src/nu/validator/checker/schematronequiv/Assertions.java
@@ -65,12 +65,6 @@ import nu.validator.messages.MessageEmitterAdapter;
 
 import org.relaxng.datatype.DatatypeException;
 
-import org.w3c.css.css.StyleSheetParser;
-import org.w3c.css.parser.CssError;
-import org.w3c.css.parser.CssParseException;
-import org.w3c.css.parser.Errors;
-import org.w3c.css.util.ApplContext;
-
 import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
 import org.xml.sax.Locator;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
@@ -1506,93 +1500,6 @@ public class Assertions extends Checker {
             } else if ("option" == localName
                     && !stack[currentPtr].hasOption()) {
                 stack[currentPtr].setOptionFound();
-            } else if ("style" == localName) {
-                String styleContents = node.getTextContent().toString();
-                int lineOffset = 0;
-                if (styleContents.startsWith("\n")) {
-                    lineOffset = 1;
-                }
-                ApplContext ac = new ApplContext("en");
-                ac.setCssVersionAndProfile("css3svg");
-                ac.setMedium("all");
-                ac.setSuggestPropertyName(false);
-                ac.setTreatVendorExtensionsAsWarnings(true);
-                ac.setTreatCssHacksAsWarnings(true);
-                ac.setWarningLevel(-1);
-                ac.setFakeURL("file://localhost/StyleElement");
-                StyleSheetParser styleSheetParser = new StyleSheetParser();
-                styleSheetParser.parseStyleSheet(ac,
-                        new StringReader(styleContents.substring(lineOffset)),
-                        null);
-                styleSheetParser.getStyleSheet().findConflicts(ac);
-                Errors errors = styleSheetParser.getStyleSheet().getErrors();
-                if (errors.getErrorCount() > 0) {
-                    incrementUseCounter("style-element-errors-found");
-                }
-                for (int i = 0; i < errors.getErrorCount(); i++) {
-                    String message = "";
-                    String cssProperty = "";
-                    String cssMessage = "";
-                    CssError error = errors.getErrorAt(i);
-                    int beginLine = error.getBeginLine() + lineOffset;
-                    int beginColumn = error.getBeginColumn();
-                    int endLine = error.getEndLine() + lineOffset;
-                    int endColumn = error.getEndColumn();
-                    if (beginLine == 0) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    Throwable ex = error.getException();
-                    if (ex instanceof CssParseException) {
-                        CssParseException cpe = (CssParseException) ex;
-                        if ("generator.unrecognize" //
-                                .equals(cpe.getErrorType())) {
-                            cssMessage = "Parse Error";
-                        }
-                        if (cpe.getProperty() != null) {
-                            cssProperty = String.format("\u201c%s\u201D: ",
-                                    cpe.getProperty());
-                        }
-                        if (cpe.getMessage() != null) {
-                            cssMessage = cpe.getMessage();
-                        }
-                        if (!"".equals(cssMessage)) {
-                            message = cssProperty + cssMessage.trim();
-                            if (!".".equals(
-                                    message.substring(message.length() - 1))) {
-                                message = message + ".";
-                            }
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        message = ex.getMessage();
-                    }
-                    if (!"".equals(message)) {
-                        int lastLine = node.locator.getLineNumber() //
-                                + endLine - 1;
-                        int lastColumn = endColumn;
-                        int columnOffset = node.locator.getColumnNumber();
-                        if (error.getBeginLine() == 1) {
-                            if (lineOffset != 0) {
-                                columnOffset = 0;
-                            }
-                        } else {
-                            columnOffset = 0;
-                        }
-                        String prefix = sourceIsCss ? "" : "CSS: ";
-                        SAXParseException spe = new SAXParseException( //
-                                prefix + message, publicId, systemId, //
-                                lastLine, lastColumn);
-                        int[] start = {
-                                node.locator.getLineNumber() + beginLine - 1,
-                                beginColumn, columnOffset };
-                        if ((getErrorHandler() instanceof MessageEmitterAdapter)
-                                && !(getErrorHandler() instanceof TestRunner)) {
-                            ((MessageEmitterAdapter) getErrorHandler()) //
-                                    .errorWithStart(spe, start);
-                        } else {
-                            getErrorHandler().error(spe);
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
             }
             if ("article" == localName || "aside" == localName
                     || "nav" == localName || "section" == localName) {
@@ -1743,64 +1650,7 @@ public class Assertions extends Checker {
                                     + " XML-compatible.");
                         }
                     }
-                    if ("style" == attLocal) {
-                        String styleContents = atts.getValue(i);
-                        ApplContext ac = new ApplContext("en");
-                        ac.setCssVersionAndProfile("css3svg");
-                        ac.setMedium("all");
-                        ac.setSuggestPropertyName(false);
-                        ac.setTreatVendorExtensionsAsWarnings(true);
-                        ac.setTreatCssHacksAsWarnings(true);
-                        ac.setWarningLevel(-1);
-                        ac.setFakeURL("file://localhost/StyleAttribute");
-                        StyleSheetParser styleSheetParser = //
-                                new StyleSheetParser();
-                        styleSheetParser.parseStyleAttribute(ac,
-                                new ByteArrayInputStream(
-                                        styleContents.getBytes()),
-                                "", ac.getFakeURL(),
-                                getDocumentLocator().getLineNumber());
-                        styleSheetParser.getStyleSheet().findConflicts(ac);
-                        Errors errors = //
-                                styleSheetParser.getStyleSheet().getErrors();
-                        if (errors.getErrorCount() > 0) {
-                            incrementUseCounter("style-attribute-errors-found");
-                        }
-                        for (int j = 0; j < errors.getErrorCount(); j++) {
-                            String message = "";
-                            String cssProperty = "";
-                            String cssMessage = "";
-                            CssError error = errors.getErrorAt(j);
-                            Throwable ex = error.getException();
-                            if (ex instanceof CssParseException) {
-                                CssParseException cpe = (CssParseException) ex;
-                                if ("generator.unrecognize" //
-                                        .equals(cpe.getErrorType())) {
-                                    cssMessage = "Parse Error";
-                                }
-                                if (cpe.getProperty() != null) {
-                                    cssProperty = String.format(
-                                            "\u201c%s\u201D: ",
-                                            cpe.getProperty());
-                                }
-                                if (cpe.getMessage() != null) {
-                                    cssMessage = cpe.getMessage();
-                                }
-                                if (!"".equals(cssMessage)) {
-                                    message = cssProperty + cssMessage.trim();
-                                    if (!".".equals(message.substring(
-                                            message.length() - 1))) {
-                                        message = message + ".";
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            } else {
-                                message = ex.getMessage();
-                            }
-                            if (!"".equals(message)) {
-                                err("CSS: " + message);
-                            }
-                        }
-                    } else if ("tabindex" == attLocal) {
+                    if ("tabindex" == attLocal) {
                         tabindex = true;
                     } else if ("href" == attLocal) {
                         href = true;
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/datatype/IriRef.java b/src/nu/validator/datatype/IriRef.java
index 8fb8de35..461c753c 100644
--- a/src/nu/validator/datatype/IriRef.java
+++ b/src/nu/validator/datatype/IriRef.java
@@ -30,11 +30,6 @@ import org.relaxng.datatype.DatatypeException;
 import nu.validator.io.DataUri;
 import nu.validator.io.DataUriException;
 
-import io.mola.galimatias.URL;
-import io.mola.galimatias.URLParsingSettings;
-import io.mola.galimatias.GalimatiasParseException;
-import io.mola.galimatias.StrictErrorHandler;
-
 public class IriRef extends AbstractDatatype {
 
     private static final int ELIDE_LIMIT = 50;
@@ -86,94 +81,6 @@ public class IriRef extends AbstractDatatype {
 
     @Override
     public void checkValid(CharSequence literal) throws DatatypeException {
-        String messagePrologue = "";
-        int length = literal.length();
-        String urlString = literal.toString();
-        if (reportValue()) {
-            if (length < ELIDE_LIMIT) {
-                messagePrologue = "\u201c" + literal + "\u201d: ";
-            } else {
-                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(ELIDE_LIMIT + 1);
-                sb.append(literal, 0, ELIDE_LIMIT / 2);
-                sb.append('\u2026');
-                sb.append(literal, length - ELIDE_LIMIT / 2, length);
-                messagePrologue = "\u201c" + sb.toString() + "\u201d: ";
-            }
-        }
-        if ("".equals(trimHtmlSpaces(urlString))) {
-            throw newDatatypeException("Must be non-empty.");
-        }
-        URL url = null;
-        URLParsingSettings settings = URLParsingSettings.create().withErrorHandler(
-                StrictErrorHandler.getInstance());
-        boolean data = false;
-        try {
-            CharSequencePair pair = splitScheme(literal);
-            if (pair == null) {
-                // no scheme or scheme is private
-                if (isAbsolute()) {
-                    throw newDatatypeException("The string \u201c" + literal
-                            + "\u201d is not an absolute URL.");
-                } else {
-                    if (mustBeHttpOrHttps()) {
-                        throw newDatatypeException("Must contain only"
-                                + " \u201chttp\u201d or \u201chttps\u201d URLs.");
-                    }
-                    // in this case, doc's actual base URL isn't relevant,
-                    // so just use http://example.org/foo/bar as base
-                    url = URL.parse(settings,
-                            URL.parse("http://example.org/foo/bar"), urlString);
-                }
-            } else {
-                CharSequence scheme = pair.getHead();
-                CharSequence tail = pair.getTail();
-                if (mustBeHttpOrHttps() && !isHttpOrHttps(scheme)) {
-                    throw newDatatypeException("Must contain only"
-                            + " \u201chttp\u201d or \u201chttps\u201d URLs.");
-                }
-                if (isWellKnown(scheme)) {
-                    url = URL.parse(settings, urlString);
-                } else if ("javascript".contentEquals(scheme)) {
-                    url = null; // Don't bother user with generic IRI syntax
-                } else if ("data".contentEquals(scheme)) {
-                    data = true;
-                    url = URL.parse(settings, urlString);
-                } else if (isHttpAlias(scheme)) {
-                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(5 + tail.length());
-                    sb.append("http:").append(tail);
-                    url = URL.parse(settings, sb.toString());
-                } else {
-                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(2 + literal.length());
-                    sb.append("x-").append(literal);
-                    url = URL.parse(settings, sb.toString());
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (GalimatiasParseException e) {
-            throw newDatatypeException(
-                    messagePrologue + e.getMessage() + ".");
-        }
-        if (url != null) {
-            if (data) {
-                try {
-                    DataUri dataUri = new DataUri(url);
-                    InputStream is = dataUri.getInputStream();
-                    while (is.read() >= 0) {
-                        // spin
-                    }
-                } catch (DataUriException e) {
-                    throw newDatatypeException(e.getIndex(), e.getHead(),
-                            e.getLiteral(), e.getTail());
-                } catch (IOException e) {
-                    String msg = e.getMessage();
-                    if (WARN
-                            && "Fragment is not allowed for data: URIs according to RFC 2397.".equals(msg)) {
-                        throw newDatatypeException(messagePrologue + msg, WARN);
-                    } else {
-                        throw newDatatypeException(messagePrologue + msg);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     private final boolean isHttpOrHttps(CharSequence scheme) {
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/datatype/Language.java b/src/nu/validator/datatype/Language.java
index fdb4ae59..b95f21ea 100644
--- a/src/nu/validator/datatype/Language.java
+++ b/src/nu/validator/datatype/Language.java
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ public final class Language extends AbstractDatatype {
             checkPrivateUse(i, subtags);
             return;
         }
-        if (subtag.length() == 4 & isLowerCaseAlpha(subtag)) {
+        if (subtag.length() == 4 && isLowerCaseAlpha(subtag)) {
             if (!isScript(subtag)) {
                 throw newDatatypeException("Bad script subtag.");
             }
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/datatype/MediaQuery.java b/src/nu/validator/datatype/MediaQuery.java
index dff51c58..1a2c86cd 100644
--- a/src/nu/validator/datatype/MediaQuery.java
+++ b/src/nu/validator/datatype/MediaQuery.java
@@ -22,14 +22,7 @@
 
 package nu.validator.datatype;
 
-import java.io.StringReader;
-
 import org.relaxng.datatype.DatatypeException;
-import org.w3c.css.css.StyleSheetParser;
-import org.w3c.css.parser.CssError;
-import org.w3c.css.parser.CssParseException;
-import org.w3c.css.parser.Errors;
-import org.w3c.css.util.ApplContext;
 
 public class MediaQuery extends AbstractDatatype {
 
@@ -44,54 +37,6 @@ public class MediaQuery extends AbstractDatatype {
 
     @Override
     public void checkValid(CharSequence literal) throws DatatypeException {
-        ApplContext ac = new ApplContext("en");
-        ac.setCssVersionAndProfile("css3svg");
-        ac.setMedium("all");
-        ac.setSuggestPropertyName(false);
-        ac.setTreatVendorExtensionsAsWarnings(true);
-        ac.setTreatCssHacksAsWarnings(true);
-        ac.setWarningLevel(-1);
-        ac.setFakeURL("file://localhost/StyleElement");
-        String literalString = literal.toString();
-        String style;
-        if (isMediaCondition()) {
-            style = String.format("@media all and %s %s", literalString, "{}");
-        } else {
-            style = String.format("@media %s %s", literalString, "{}");
-        }
-        StyleSheetParser styleSheetParser = new StyleSheetParser();
-        styleSheetParser.parseStyleSheet(ac, new StringReader(style), null);
-        styleSheetParser.getStyleSheet().findConflicts(ac);
-        Errors errors = styleSheetParser.getStyleSheet().getErrors();
-        for (int i = 0; i < errors.getErrorCount(); i++) {
-            String message = "";
-            String cssProperty = "";
-            String cssMessage = "";
-            CssError error = errors.getErrorAt(i);
-            Throwable ex = error.getException();
-            if (ex instanceof CssParseException) {
-                CssParseException cpe = (CssParseException) ex;
-                if ("generator.unrecognize" //
-                        .equals(cpe.getErrorType())) {
-                    cssMessage = "Parse Error";
-                }
-                if (cpe.getProperty() != null) {
-                    cssProperty = String.format("\u201c%s\u201D: ",
-                            cpe.getProperty());
-                }
-                if (cpe.getMessage() != null) {
-                    cssMessage = cpe.getMessage();
-                }
-                if (!"".equals(cssMessage)) {
-                    message = cssProperty + cssMessage + ".";
-                }
-            } else {
-                message = ex.getMessage();
-            }
-            if (!"".equals(message)) {
-                throw newDatatypeException(message);
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     protected boolean isMediaCondition() {
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/io/DataUri.java b/src/nu/validator/io/DataUri.java
index eb6fba26..d68f74a5 100644
--- a/src/nu/validator/io/DataUri.java
+++ b/src/nu/validator/io/DataUri.java
@@ -22,14 +22,12 @@
 
 package nu.validator.io;
 
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.iri.IRIFactory;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.StringReader;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 
-import io.mola.galimatias.URL;
-import io.mola.galimatias.GalimatiasParseException;
-
 public class DataUri {
 
     public static boolean startsWithData(String uri) {
@@ -56,17 +54,17 @@ public class DataUri {
      * @throws MalformedURLException
      * @throws IOException
      */
-    protected void init(URL url) throws IOException, MalformedURLException {
-        if (!url.scheme().equals("data")) {
+    protected void init(com.hp.hpl.jena.iri.IRI url) throws IOException, MalformedURLException {
+        if (!url.getScheme().equals("data")) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("The input did not start with data:.");
         }
 
-        if (url.fragment() != null) {
+        if (url.getRawFragment()!= null) {
             throw new MalformedURLException(
                     "Fragment is not allowed for data: URIs according to RFC 2397.");
         }
 
-        is = new PercentDecodingReaderInputStream(new StringReader(url.schemeData()));
+        is = new PercentDecodingReaderInputStream(new StringReader(url.getRawPath()));
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         State state = State.AT_START;
         int i = 0; // string counter
@@ -256,11 +254,15 @@ public class DataUri {
     }
 
     public DataUri(String url) throws IOException {
-        try {
-            init(URL.parse(url));
-        } catch (GalimatiasParseException e) {
-            throw new MalformedURLException(e.getMessage());
-        }
+
+        IRIFactory fac = new IRIFactory();
+        fac.shouldViolation(true, false);
+        fac.securityViolation(true, false);
+        fac.dnsViolation(true, false);
+        fac.mintingViolation(false, false);
+        fac.useSpecificationIRI(true);
+        init(fac.construct(url));
+
     }
 
     /**
@@ -268,7 +270,7 @@ public class DataUri {
      * @throws MalformedURLException
      * @throws IOException
      */
-    public DataUri(URL url) throws IOException, MalformedURLException {
+    public DataUri(com.hp.hpl.jena.iri.IRI url) throws IOException, MalformedURLException {
         init(url);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/localentities/LocalCacheEntityResolver.java b/src/nu/validator/localentities/LocalCacheEntityResolver.java
index f56a7ecc..6cdd64e3 100644
--- a/src/nu/validator/localentities/LocalCacheEntityResolver.java
+++ b/src/nu/validator/localentities/LocalCacheEntityResolver.java
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.net.URL;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ public class LocalCacheEntityResolver implements EntityResolver {
     }
 
     public static InputStream getPresetsAsStream() {
-        return LOADER.getResourceAsStream("nu/validator/localentities/files/presets");
+        return LOADER.getResourceAsStream("nu/validator/localentities/presets");
     }
 
     public static InputStream getHtml5SpecAsStream() {
@@ -59,6 +60,11 @@ public class LocalCacheEntityResolver implements EntityResolver {
         this.delegate = delegate;
     }
 
+    public static URL getResource(String systemId) {
+        String path = PATH_MAP.get(systemId);
+        return path != null ? LOADER.getResource(path) : null;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @see org.xml.sax.EntityResolver#resolveEntity(java.lang.String,
      *      java.lang.String)
@@ -92,6 +98,7 @@ public class LocalCacheEntityResolver implements EntityResolver {
                 return is;
             }
         }
+        System.out.println("resolve :" + publicId +" " + systemId);
         return delegate.resolveEntity(publicId, systemId);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/localentities/presets b/src/nu/validator/localentities/presets
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c07f7299
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/nu/validator/localentities/presets
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+-1	-	HTML5 + SVG 1.1 + MathML 3.0	http://s.validator.nu/html5.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all/
+-1	-	HTML5 + SVG 1.1 + MathML 3.0 + ITS 2.0	http://s.validator.nu/html5-its.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all/
+3	-	HTML5 + SVG 1.1 + MathML 3.0 + RDFa Lite 1.1	http://s.validator.nu/html5-rdfalite.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all/
+2	-	HTML 4.01 Strict + IRI / XHTML 1.0 Strict + IRI	http://s.validator.nu/xhtml10/xhtml-strict.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all-html4/
+1	-	HTML 4.01 Transitional + IRI / XHTML 1.0 Transitional + IRI	http://s.validator.nu/xhtml10/xhtml-transitional.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all-html4/
+-1	-	HTML 4.01 Frameset + IRI / XHTML 1.0 Frameset + IRI	http://s.validator.nu/xhtml10/xhtml-frameset.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all-html4/
+-1	-	XHTML5 + SVG 1.1 + MathML 3.0	http://s.validator.nu/xhtml5.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all/
+7	http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml	XHTML5 + SVG 1.1 + MathML 3.0 + RDFa Lite 1.1	http://s.validator.nu/xhtml5-rdfalite.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all/
+-1	-	XHTML 1.0 Strict + IRI + Ruby + SVG 1.1 + MathML 3.0	http://s.validator.nu/xhtml1-ruby-rdf-svg-mathml.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all-html4/
+-1	http://www.w3.org/2000/svg	SVG 1.1 + IRI + XHTML5 + MathML 3.0	http://s.validator.nu/svg-xhtml5-rdf-mathml.rnc http://s.validator.nu/html5/assertions.sch http://c.validator.nu/all/
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/messages/BufferingRootNamespaceSniffer.java b/src/nu/validator/messages/BufferingRootNamespaceSniffer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..51dafcbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/nu/validator/messages/BufferingRootNamespaceSniffer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2006 Henri Sivonen
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+package nu.validator.messages;
+
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.Locator;
+import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
+
+public class BufferingRootNamespaceSniffer implements ContentHandler {
+
+    private ContentHandler ch = null;
+
+    private Locator locator = null;
+
+    private List<String[]> namespaces = new LinkedList<String[]>();
+
+    private ValidationTransaction vst;
+
+    public BufferingRootNamespaceSniffer(ValidationTransaction vst) {
+        super();
+        this.vst = vst;
+    }
+
+    public void setContentHandler(ContentHandler contentHandler) throws SAXException {
+        this.ch = contentHandler;
+        if (locator != null) {
+            ch.setDocumentLocator(locator);
+        }
+        ch.startDocument();
+        for (Iterator<String[]> iter = namespaces.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
+            String[] element = iter.next();
+            ch.startPrefixMapping(element[0], element[1]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#characters(char[], int, int)
+     */
+    public void characters(char[] arg0, int arg1, int arg2) throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.characters(arg0, arg1, arg2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#endDocument()
+     */
+    public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.endDocument();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#endElement(java.lang.String,
+     * java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void endElement(String arg0, String arg1, String arg2)
+            throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.endElement(arg0, arg1, arg2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#endPrefixMapping(java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void endPrefixMapping(String arg0) throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.endPrefixMapping(arg0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#ignorableWhitespace(char[], int, int)
+     */
+    public void ignorableWhitespace(char[] arg0, int arg1, int arg2)
+            throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.ignorableWhitespace(arg0, arg1, arg2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#processingInstruction(java.lang.String,
+     * java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void processingInstruction(String arg0, String arg1)
+            throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.processingInstruction(arg0, arg1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#setDocumentLocator(org.xml.sax.Locator)
+     */
+    public void setDocumentLocator(Locator arg0) {
+        locator = arg0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#skippedEntity(java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void skippedEntity(String arg0) throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.skippedEntity(arg0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startDocument()
+     */
+    public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startElement(java.lang.String,
+     * java.lang.String, java.lang.String, org.xml.sax.Attributes)
+     */
+    public void startElement(String arg0, String arg1, String arg2,
+            Attributes arg3) throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.startElement(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3);
+        } else {
+            vst.rootNamespace(arg0, locator);
+            ch.startElement(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startPrefixMapping(java.lang.String,
+     * java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void startPrefixMapping(String arg0, String arg1)
+            throws SAXException {
+        if (ch != null) {
+            ch.startPrefixMapping(arg0, arg1);
+        } else {
+            String[] arr = new String[2];
+            arr[0] = arg0;
+            arr[1] = arg1;
+            namespaces.add(arr);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/messages/RootNamespaceSniffer.java b/src/nu/validator/messages/RootNamespaceSniffer.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c21e58ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/nu/validator/messages/RootNamespaceSniffer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2006 Henri Sivonen
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+package nu.validator.messages;
+
+import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.Locator;
+import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
+
+public class RootNamespaceSniffer implements ContentHandler {
+
+    private ValidationTransaction vst;
+    private ContentHandler ch;
+    private Locator locator;
+
+    public RootNamespaceSniffer(ValidationTransaction vst, ContentHandler ch) {
+        super();
+        this.vst = vst;
+        this.ch = ch;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#characters(char[], int, int)
+     */
+    public void characters(char[] arg0, int arg1, int arg2) throws SAXException {
+        ch.characters(arg0, arg1, arg2);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#endDocument()
+     */
+    public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
+        ch.endDocument();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#endElement(java.lang.String,
+     * java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void endElement(String arg0, String arg1, String arg2) throws SAXException {
+        ch.endElement(arg0, arg1, arg2);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#endPrefixMapping(java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void endPrefixMapping(String arg0) throws SAXException {
+        ch.endPrefixMapping(arg0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#ignorableWhitespace(char[], int, int)
+     */
+    public void ignorableWhitespace(char[] arg0, int arg1, int arg2) throws SAXException {
+        ch.ignorableWhitespace(arg0, arg1, arg2);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#processingInstruction(java.lang.String,
+     * java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void processingInstruction(String arg0, String arg1) throws SAXException {
+        ch.processingInstruction(arg0, arg1);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#setDocumentLocator(org.xml.sax.Locator)
+     */
+    public void setDocumentLocator(Locator arg0) {
+        this.locator = arg0;
+        ch.setDocumentLocator(arg0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#skippedEntity(java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void skippedEntity(String arg0) throws SAXException {
+        ch.skippedEntity(arg0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startDocument()
+     */
+    public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
+        ch.startDocument();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startElement(java.lang.String,
+     * java.lang.String, java.lang.String, org.xml.sax.Attributes)
+     */
+    public void startElement(String arg0, String arg1, String arg2, Attributes arg3) throws SAXException {
+        vst.rootNamespace(arg0, locator);
+        ch.startElement(arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see org.xml.sax.ContentHandler#startPrefixMapping(java.lang.String,
+     * java.lang.String)
+     */
+    public void startPrefixMapping(String arg0, String arg1) throws SAXException {
+        ch.startPrefixMapping(arg0, arg1);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/messages/ValidationTransaction.java b/src/nu/validator/messages/ValidationTransaction.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..89e9c661
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/nu/validator/messages/ValidationTransaction.java
@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+package nu.validator.messages;
+
+import com.thaiopensource.relaxng.impl.CombineValidator;
+import com.thaiopensource.util.PropertyMap;
+import com.thaiopensource.validate.IncorrectSchemaException;
+import com.thaiopensource.validate.Schema;
+import com.thaiopensource.validate.SchemaReader;
+import com.thaiopensource.validate.SchemaResolver;
+import com.thaiopensource.validate.Validator;
+import com.thaiopensource.validate.auto.AutoSchemaReader;
+import com.thaiopensource.validate.prop.wrap.WrapProperty;
+import com.thaiopensource.validate.rng.CompactSchemaReader;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+import nu.validator.checker.XmlPiChecker;
+import nu.validator.checker.jing.CheckerSchema;
+import nu.validator.htmlparser.common.DocumentMode;
+import nu.validator.htmlparser.common.DocumentModeHandler;
+import nu.validator.htmlparser.sax.HtmlParser;
+import nu.validator.localentities.LocalCacheEntityResolver;
+import nu.validator.spec.Spec;
+import nu.validator.xml.TypedInputSource;
+import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
+import org.xml.sax.EntityResolver;
+import org.xml.sax.Locator;
+import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
+import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
+import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
+import org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler;
+
+/**
+ * This class code was mainly extracted from the original class
+ * {@link VerifierServletTransaction}.
+ *
+ * @author hsivonen, mfukala@netbeans.org
+ */
+public class ValidationTransaction implements DocumentModeHandler, SchemaResolver {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(ValidationTransaction.class.getCanonicalName());
+
+    // XXX SVG!!!
+    private static final String[] KNOWN_CONTENT_TYPES = {
+        "application/atom+xml", "application/docbook+xml",
+        "application/xhtml+xml", "application/xv+xml", "image/svg+xml"};
+    private static final String[] NAMESPACES_FOR_KNOWN_CONTENT_TYPES = {
+        "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom", "http://docbook.org/ns/docbook",
+        "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml",
+        "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"};
+    protected static final String[] ALL_CHECKERS = {
+        "http://c.validator.nu/table/", "http://c.validator.nu/nfc/",
+        "http://c.validator.nu/text-content/",
+        "http://c.validator.nu/unchecked/",
+        "http://c.validator.nu/usemap/", "http://c.validator.nu/obsolete/",
+        "http://c.validator.nu/xml-pi/"};
+    private static final String[] ALL_CHECKERS_HTML4 = {
+        "http://c.validator.nu/table/", "http://c.validator.nu/nfc/",
+        "http://c.validator.nu/unchecked/", "http://c.validator.nu/usemap/"};
+
+    protected BufferingRootNamespaceSniffer bufferingRootNamespaceSniffer = null;
+    protected boolean rootNamespaceSeen = false;
+    protected String contentType = null;
+
+    protected static int[] presetDoctypes;
+    protected static String[] presetLabels;
+    protected static String[] presetUrls;
+    protected static String[] presetNamespaces;
+
+    protected MessageEmitterAdapter errorHandler;
+    protected static String[] preloadedSchemaUrls;
+    protected static Schema[] preloadedSchemas;
+
+    private Map<String, Validator> loadedValidatorUrls = new HashMap<String, Validator>();
+
+    protected Validator validator = null;
+    protected LocalCacheEntityResolver entityResolver;
+
+    private static final Pattern SPACE = Pattern.compile("\\s+");
+    protected static final int HTML5_SCHEMA = 3;
+    protected static final int XHTML1STRICT_SCHEMA = 2;
+    protected static final int XHTML1FRAMESET_SCHEMA = 4;
+    protected static final int XHTML1TRANSITIONAL_SCHEMA = 1;
+    protected static final int XHTML5_SCHEMA = 7;
+
+    public HtmlParser htmlParser = null;
+    protected PropertyMap jingPropertyMap;
+    protected static Spec html5spec;
+
+    protected XMLReader reader;
+    protected LexicalHandler lexicalHandler;
+
+    public void rootNamespace(String namespace, Locator locator) throws SAXException {
+        if (validator == null) {
+            int index = -1;
+            for (int i = 0; i < presetNamespaces.length; i++) {
+                if (namespace.equals(presetNamespaces[i])) {
+                    index = i;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (index == -1) {
+                String message = "Cannot find preset schema for namespace: \u201C"
+                        + namespace + "\u201D.";
+                SAXException se = new SAXException(message);
+                errorHandler.schemaError(se);
+                throw se;
+            }
+            String label = presetLabels[index];
+            String urls = presetUrls[index];
+            errorHandler.info("Using the preset for " + label
+                    + " based on the root namespace " + namespace);
+            try {
+                validator = validatorByUrls(urls);
+            } catch (IOException ioe) {
+                // At this point the schema comes from memory.
+                throw new RuntimeException(ioe);
+            } catch (IncorrectSchemaException e) {
+                // At this point the schema comes from memory.
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+            if (bufferingRootNamespaceSniffer == null) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(
+                        "Bug! bufferingRootNamespaceSniffer was null.");
+            }
+            bufferingRootNamespaceSniffer.setContentHandler(validator.getContentHandler());
+        }
+
+        if (!rootNamespaceSeen) {
+            rootNamespaceSeen = true;
+            if (contentType != null) {
+                int i;
+                if ((i = Arrays.binarySearch(KNOWN_CONTENT_TYPES, contentType)) > -1) {
+                    if (!NAMESPACES_FOR_KNOWN_CONTENT_TYPES[i].equals(namespace)) {
+                        String message = "".equals(namespace) ? "\u201C"
+                                + contentType
+                                + "\u201D is not an appropriate Content-Type for a document whose root element is not in a namespace."
+                                : "\u201C"
+                                + contentType
+                                + "\u201D is not an appropriate Content-Type for a document whose root namespace is \u201C"
+                                + namespace + "\u201D.";
+                        SAXParseException spe = new SAXParseException(message,
+                                locator);
+                        errorHandler.warning(spe);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void documentMode(DocumentMode mode, String publicIdentifier,
+            String systemIdentifier) throws SAXException {
+        documentMode(mode, publicIdentifier, systemIdentifier, false);
+    }
+
+    public void documentMode(DocumentMode mode, String publicIdentifier,
+            String systemIdentifier, boolean html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks)
+            throws SAXException {
+        if (validator == null) {
+            try {
+                if ("-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN".equals(publicIdentifier)) {
+                    errorHandler.info("XHTML 1.0 Transitional doctype seen. Appendix C is not supported. Proceeding anyway for your convenience. The parser is still an HTML parser, so namespace processing is not performed and \u201Cxml:*\u201D attributes are not supported. Using the schema for "
+                            + getPresetLabel(XHTML1TRANSITIONAL_SCHEMA)
+                            + "."
+                            + (html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks ? " HTML4-specific tokenization errors are enabled."
+                                    : ""));
+                    validator = validatorByDoctype(XHTML1TRANSITIONAL_SCHEMA);
+                } else if ("-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN".equals(publicIdentifier)) {
+                    errorHandler.info("XHTML 1.0 Strict doctype seen. Appendix C is not supported. Proceeding anyway for your convenience. The parser is still an HTML parser, so namespace processing is not performed and \u201Cxml:*\u201D attributes are not supported. Using the schema for "
+                            + getPresetLabel(XHTML1STRICT_SCHEMA)
+                            + "."
+                            + (html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks ? " HTML4-specific tokenization errors are enabled."
+                                    : ""));
+                    validator = validatorByDoctype(XHTML1STRICT_SCHEMA);
+                } else if ("-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN".equals(publicIdentifier)) {
+                    errorHandler.info("HTML 4.01 Transitional doctype seen. Using the schema for "
+                            + getPresetLabel(XHTML1TRANSITIONAL_SCHEMA)
+                            + "."
+                            + (html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks ? ""
+                                    : " HTML4-specific tokenization errors are not enabled."));
+                    validator = validatorByDoctype(XHTML1TRANSITIONAL_SCHEMA);
+                } else if ("-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN".equals(publicIdentifier)) {
+                    errorHandler.info("HTML 4.01 Strict doctype seen. Using the schema for "
+                            + getPresetLabel(XHTML1STRICT_SCHEMA)
+                            + "."
+                            + (html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks ? ""
+                                    : " HTML4-specific tokenization errors are not enabled."));
+                    validator = validatorByDoctype(XHTML1STRICT_SCHEMA);
+                } else if ("-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN".equals(publicIdentifier)) {
+                    errorHandler.info("Legacy HTML 4.0 Transitional doctype seen.  Please consider using HTML 4.01 Transitional instead. Proceeding anyway for your convenience with the schema for "
+                            + getPresetLabel(XHTML1TRANSITIONAL_SCHEMA)
+                            + "."
+                            + (html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks ? ""
+                                    : " HTML4-specific tokenization errors are not enabled."));
+                    validator = validatorByDoctype(XHTML1TRANSITIONAL_SCHEMA);
+                } else if ("-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN".equals(publicIdentifier)) {
+                    errorHandler.info("Legacy HTML 4.0 Strict doctype seen. Please consider using HTML 4.01 instead. Proceeding anyway for your convenience with the schema for "
+                            + getPresetLabel(XHTML1STRICT_SCHEMA)
+                            + "."
+                            + (html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks ? ""
+                                    : " HTML4-specific tokenization errors are not enabled."));
+                    validator = validatorByDoctype(XHTML1STRICT_SCHEMA);
+                } else {
+                    errorHandler.info("Using the schema for "
+                            + getPresetLabel(HTML5_SCHEMA)
+                            + "."
+                            + (html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks ? " HTML4-specific tokenization errors are enabled."
+                                    : ""));
+                    validator = validatorByDoctype(HTML5_SCHEMA);
+                }
+            } catch (IOException ioe) {
+                // At this point the schema comes from memory.
+                throw new RuntimeException(ioe);
+            } catch (IncorrectSchemaException e) {
+                // At this point the schema comes from memory.
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+            ContentHandler ch = validator.getContentHandler();
+            ch.setDocumentLocator(htmlParser.getDocumentLocator());
+            ch.startDocument();
+            reader.setContentHandler(ch);
+        } else {
+            if (html4SpecificAdditionalErrorChecks) {
+                errorHandler.info("HTML4-specific tokenization errors are enabled.");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Schema resolveSchema(String url, PropertyMap options)
+            throws SAXException, IOException, IncorrectSchemaException {
+        int i = Arrays.binarySearch(preloadedSchemaUrls, url);
+        if (i > -1) {
+            Schema rv = preloadedSchemas[i];
+            if (options.contains(WrapProperty.ATTRIBUTE_OWNER)) {
+                if (rv instanceof ValidationTransaction.ProxySchema && ((ValidationTransaction.ProxySchema) rv).getWrappedSchema() instanceof CheckerSchema) {
+                    errorHandler.error(new SAXParseException(
+                            "A non-schema checker cannot be used as an attribute schema.",
+                            null, url, -1, -1));
+                    throw new IncorrectSchemaException();
+                } else {
+                    // ugly fall through
+                }
+            } else {
+                return rv;
+            }
+        }
+
+        //this code line should not normally be encountered since the necessary
+        //schemas have been preloaded
+        LOGGER.log(Level.INFO, "Going to create a non preloaded Schema for {0}", url); //NOI18N
+
+        TypedInputSource schemaInput = (TypedInputSource) entityResolver.resolveEntity(
+                null, url);
+        SchemaReader sr = null;
+        if ("application/relax-ng-compact-syntax".equals(schemaInput.getType())) {
+            sr = CompactSchemaReader.getInstance();
+        } else {
+            sr = new AutoSchemaReader();
+        }
+        Schema sch = sr.createSchema(schemaInput, options);
+        return sch;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param validator
+     * @return
+     * @throws SAXException
+     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IncorrectSchemaException
+     */
+    protected Validator validatorByUrls(String schemaList) throws SAXException,
+            IOException, IncorrectSchemaException {
+        Validator v = null;
+        String[] schemas = SPACE.split(schemaList);
+        for (int i = schemas.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {
+            String url = schemas[i];
+            if ("http://c.validator.nu/all/".equals(url)
+                    || "http://hsivonen.iki.fi/checkers/all/".equals(url)) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < ALL_CHECKERS.length; j++) {
+                    v = combineValidatorByUrl(v, ALL_CHECKERS[j]);
+                }
+            } else if ("http://c.validator.nu/all-html4/".equals(url)
+                    || "http://hsivonen.iki.fi/checkers/all-html4/".equals(url)) {
+                for (int j = 0; j < ALL_CHECKERS_HTML4.length; j++) {
+                    v = combineValidatorByUrl(v, ALL_CHECKERS_HTML4[j]);
+                }
+            } else {
+                v = combineValidatorByUrl(v, url);
+            }
+        }
+        return v;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param val
+     * @param url
+     * @return
+     * @throws SAXException
+     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IncorrectSchemaException
+     */
+    private Validator combineValidatorByUrl(Validator val, String url)
+            throws SAXException, IOException, IncorrectSchemaException {
+        if (!"".equals(url)) {
+            Validator v = validatorByUrl(url);
+            if (val == null) {
+                val = v;
+            } else {
+                val = new CombineValidator(v, val);
+            }
+        }
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param url
+     * @return
+     * @throws SAXException
+     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IncorrectSchemaException
+     */
+    private Validator validatorByUrl(String url) throws SAXException,
+            IOException, IncorrectSchemaException {
+        Validator v = loadedValidatorUrls.get(url);
+        if (v != null) {
+            return v;
+        }
+
+        if ("http://s.validator.nu/html5/html5full-aria.rnc".equals(url)
+                || "http://s.validator.nu/xhtml5-aria-rdf-svg-mathml.rnc".equals(url)
+                || "http://s.validator.nu/html5/html5full.rnc".equals(url)
+                || "http://s.validator.nu/html5/xhtml5full-xhtml.rnc".equals(url)
+                || "http://s.validator.nu/html5-aria-svg-mathml.rnc".equals(url)) {
+            errorHandler.setSpec(html5spec);
+        }
+        Schema sch = resolveSchema(url, jingPropertyMap);
+        Validator validatorInstance = sch.createValidator(jingPropertyMap);
+        if (validatorInstance.getContentHandler() instanceof XmlPiChecker) {
+            lexicalHandler = (LexicalHandler) validatorInstance.getContentHandler();
+        }
+
+        loadedValidatorUrls.put(url, v);
+        return validatorInstance;
+    }
+
+    private String getPresetLabel(int schemaId) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < presetDoctypes.length; i++) {
+            if (presetDoctypes[i] == schemaId) {
+                return presetLabels[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return "unknown";
+    }
+
+    protected Validator validatorByDoctype(int schemaId) throws SAXException,
+            IOException, IncorrectSchemaException {
+        if (schemaId == 0) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < presetDoctypes.length; i++) {
+            if (presetDoctypes[i] == schemaId) {
+                return validatorByUrls(presetUrls[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        throw new RuntimeException("Doctype mappings not initialized properly.");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param url
+     * @return
+     * @throws SAXException
+     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IncorrectSchemaException
+     */
+    private static Schema schemaByUrl(String url, EntityResolver resolver,
+            PropertyMap pMap) throws SAXException, IOException,
+            IncorrectSchemaException {
+        LOGGER.fine(String.format("Will load schema: %s", url));
+        long a = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        TypedInputSource schemaInput;
+        try {
+            schemaInput = (TypedInputSource) resolver.resolveEntity(
+                    null, url);
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            LOGGER.log(Level.SEVERE, url, e);
+            throw e;
+        }
+
+        SchemaReader sr = null;
+        if ("application/relax-ng-compact-syntax".equals(schemaInput.getType())) {
+            sr = CompactSchemaReader.getInstance();
+            LOGGER.log(Level.FINE, "Used CompactSchemaReader");
+        } else {
+            sr = new AutoSchemaReader();
+            LOGGER.log(Level.FINE, "Used AutoSchemaReader");
+        }
+        long c = System.currentTimeMillis();
+
+        Schema sch = sr.createSchema(schemaInput, pMap);
+        LOGGER.log(Level.FINE, String.format("Schema created in %s ms.", (System.currentTimeMillis() - c)));
+        return sch;
+    }
+
+    protected static Schema proxySchemaByUrl(String uri, EntityResolver resolver, PropertyMap pMap) {
+        return new ProxySchema(uri, resolver, pMap);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A Schema instance delegate, the delegated instance if softly reachable so
+     * it should not be GCed so often. If the delegate is GCed a new instance is
+     * recreated.
+     */
+    private static class ProxySchema implements Schema {
+
+        private String uri;
+        private EntityResolver resolver;
+        private PropertyMap pMap;
+
+        private SoftReference<Schema> delegateWeakRef;
+
+        private ProxySchema(String uri, EntityResolver resolver, PropertyMap pMap) {
+            this.uri = uri;
+            this.resolver = resolver;
+            this.pMap = pMap;
+        }
+
+        //exposing just because of some instanceof test used in the code
+        private Schema getWrappedSchema() throws SAXException, IOException, IncorrectSchemaException {
+            return getSchemaDelegate();
+        }
+
+        public Validator createValidator(PropertyMap pm) {
+            try {
+                return getSchemaDelegate().createValidator(pm);
+            } catch (Exception ex) { //SAXException, IOException, IncorrectSchemaException
+                LOGGER.log(Level.INFO, "Cannot create schema delegate", ex); //NOI18N
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public PropertyMap getProperties() {
+            try {
+                return getSchemaDelegate().getProperties();
+            } catch (Exception ex) { //SAXException, IOException, IncorrectSchemaException
+                LOGGER.log(Level.INFO, "Cannot create schema delegate", ex); //NOI18N
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        private synchronized Schema getSchemaDelegate() throws SAXException, IOException, IncorrectSchemaException {
+            Schema delegate = delegateWeakRef != null ? delegateWeakRef.get() : null;
+            if (delegate == null) {
+                long a = System.currentTimeMillis();
+                delegate = schemaByUrl(uri, resolver, pMap);
+                long b = System.currentTimeMillis();
+                delegateWeakRef = new SoftReference<Schema>(delegate);
+                LOGGER.log(Level.FINE, "Created new Schema instance for {0} in {1}ms.", new Object[]{uri, (b - a)});
+            } else {
+                LOGGER.log(Level.FINE, "Using cached Schema instance for {0}", uri);
+            }
+            return delegate;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/xml/BaseUriTracker.java b/src/nu/validator/xml/BaseUriTracker.java
index 3ad18c5c..c0e39a69 100644
--- a/src/nu/validator/xml/BaseUriTracker.java
+++ b/src/nu/validator/xml/BaseUriTracker.java
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;
 import org.xml.sax.Locator;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 
-import io.mola.galimatias.URL;
-import io.mola.galimatias.GalimatiasParseException;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.iri.IRI;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.iri.IRIFactory;
 
 public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
     }
 
     private class Node {
-        public URL currentAbsolute; // not null
+        public URI currentAbsolute; // not null
 
         public String originalRelative; // null if no xml:base
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
          * @param currentAbsolute
          * @param originalRelative
          */
-        public Node(URL currentAbsolute, String originalRelative, String lang,
+        public Node(URI currentAbsolute, String originalRelative, String lang,
                 boolean langSpecified, boolean rtl) {
             this.currentAbsolute = currentAbsolute;
             this.originalRelative = originalRelative;
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
         }
     }
 
+    private final IRIFactory iriFactory;
+
     private LinkedList<Node> stack = new LinkedList<>();
 
     private boolean baseSeen = false;
@@ -110,11 +112,26 @@ public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
 
     public BaseUriTracker(String systemId, String contentLanguage) {
 
-        URL url = null;
+        this.iriFactory = new IRIFactory();
+        this.iriFactory.shouldViolation(false, false);
+        this.iriFactory.securityViolation(false, false);
+        this.iriFactory.dnsViolation(false, false);
+        this.iriFactory.mintingViolation(false, false);
+        this.iriFactory.useSpecificationIRI(false);
+        this.iriFactory.useSchemeSpecificRules("http", false);
+        this.iriFactory.useSchemeSpecificRules("https", false);
+        this.iriFactory.useSchemeSpecificRules("ftp", false);
+        this.iriFactory.useSchemeSpecificRules("data", false);
+
+        URI uri = null;
         try {
-            url = URL.parse(systemId);
+            IRI iri = iriFactory.construct(systemId);
+            uri = new URI(iri.toASCIIString());
+            if (!uri.isAbsolute()) {
+                uri = null;
+            }
         } catch (Exception e) {
-            url = null;
+            uri = null;
         }
 
         String lang = "";
@@ -129,8 +146,8 @@ public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
             } catch (DatatypeException e) {
             }
         }
-        stack.add(new Node(url, null, lang, langSpecified, false));
-        stack.add(new Node(url, null, lang, false, false)); // base/content-language placeholder
+        stack.add(new Node(uri, null, lang, langSpecified, false));
+        stack.add(new Node(uri, null, lang, false, false)); // base/content-language placeholder
     }
 
     private Node peek() {
@@ -156,7 +173,7 @@ public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
         }
 
         Node curr = peek();
-        URL base = curr.currentAbsolute;
+        URI base = curr.currentAbsolute;
         if (!langSpecified) {
             lang = curr.lang;
         }
@@ -176,19 +193,19 @@ public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
         if (relative == null) {
             stack.addLast(new Node(base, null, lang, langSpecified, rtl));
         } else {
-            URL newBase;
+            URI newBase;
             String ascii = null;
             try {
+                IRI relIri = iriFactory.construct(relative);
+                ascii = relIri.toASCIIString();
                 if (base != null) {
-                    try {
-                        newBase = base.resolve(relative);
-                    } catch (GalimatiasParseException e) {
+                    newBase = base.resolve(ascii);
+                    if (!newBase.isAbsolute()) {
                         newBase = base;
                     }
                 } else {
-                    try {
-                        newBase = URL.parse((new URI(ascii)).toString());
-                    } catch (GalimatiasParseException e) {
+                    newBase = new URI(ascii);
+                    if (!newBase.isAbsolute()) {
                         newBase = null;
                     }
                 }
@@ -284,9 +301,22 @@ public class BaseUriTracker implements ContentHandler, UriLangContext {
     @Override
     public String toAbsoluteUriWithCurrentBase(String uri) {
         try {
-            URL base = stack.getLast().currentAbsolute;
-            return URL.parse(base, uri).toString();
-        } catch (GalimatiasParseException e) {
+            IRI relIri = iriFactory.construct(uri);
+            String ascii;
+            ascii = relIri.toASCIIString();
+            URI base = stack.getLast().currentAbsolute;
+            URI rv;
+            if (base == null) {
+                rv = new URI(ascii);
+            } else {
+                rv = base.resolve(ascii);
+            }
+            if (rv.isAbsolute()) {
+                return rv.toASCIIString();
+            } else {
+                return null;
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
             return null;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/nu/validator/xml/DataUriEntityResolver.java b/src/nu/validator/xml/DataUriEntityResolver.java
index ac905052..d9febbb5 100644
--- a/src/nu/validator/xml/DataUriEntityResolver.java
+++ b/src/nu/validator/xml/DataUriEntityResolver.java
@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
 import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
-import io.mola.galimatias.URL;
-import io.mola.galimatias.GalimatiasParseException;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.iri.IRI;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.iri.IRIException;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.iri.IRIFactory;
 
 public class DataUriEntityResolver implements EntityResolver {
 
@@ -52,6 +53,8 @@ public class DataUriEntityResolver implements EntityResolver {
 
     private boolean allowGenericXml = true;
 
+    private final IRIFactory iriFactory;
+
     private final ContentTypeParser contentTypeParser;
     
     /**
@@ -60,6 +63,9 @@ public class DataUriEntityResolver implements EntityResolver {
     public DataUriEntityResolver(EntityResolver delegate, boolean laxContentType,
             ErrorHandler errorHandler) {
         this.errorHandler = errorHandler;
+        this.iriFactory = new IRIFactory();
+        this.iriFactory.useSpecificationXMLSystemID(true);
+        this.iriFactory.useSchemeSpecificRules("data", true);
         this.contentTypeParser = new ContentTypeParser(errorHandler,
                 laxContentType, this.allowRnc, this.allowHtml, this.allowXhtml,
                 this.acceptAllKnownXmlTypes, this.allowGenericXml);
@@ -74,10 +80,10 @@ public class DataUriEntityResolver implements EntityResolver {
     public InputSource resolveEntity(String publicId, String systemId)
             throws SAXException, IOException {
         if (DataUri.startsWithData(systemId)) {
-            URL url;
+            IRI iri;
             try {
-                url = URL.parse(systemId);
-            } catch (GalimatiasParseException e) {
+                iri = iriFactory.construct(systemId);
+            } catch (IRIException e) {
                 IOException ioe = (IOException) new IOException(e.getMessage()).initCause(e);
                 SAXParseException spe = new SAXParseException(e.getMessage(),
                         publicId, systemId, -1, -1, ioe);
@@ -86,7 +92,7 @@ public class DataUriEntityResolver implements EntityResolver {
                 }
                 throw spe;
             }
-            systemId = url.toString();
+            systemId = iri.toASCIIString();
             DataUri du = new DataUri(systemId);
             TypedInputSource is = contentTypeParser.buildTypedInputSource(systemId, publicId,
                     du.getContentType());