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|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
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<head>
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<title>File: README ['Rack Documentation']</title>
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<body class="file">
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<h3 class="section-header">Files</h3>
<ul>
<li class="file"><a href="./KNOWN-ISSUES.html">KNOWN-ISSUES</a></li>
<li class="file"><a href="./RDOX.html">RDOX</a></li>
<li class="file"><a href="./README.html">README</a></li>
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height="16" width="16" alt="[+]"
title="show/hide quicksearch" /></span></h3>
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class="quicksearch-field" />
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</form>
<ul class="link-list">
<li><a href="./Rack.html">Rack</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Adapter.html">Rack::Adapter</a></li>
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<li><a href="./Rack/Auth.html">Rack::Auth</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Auth/AbstractHandler.html">Rack::Auth::AbstractHandler</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Auth/AbstractRequest.html">Rack::Auth::AbstractRequest</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Auth/Basic.html">Rack::Auth::Basic</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Auth/Basic/Request.html">Rack::Auth::Basic::Request</a></li>
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<li><a href="./Rack/Auth/Digest/Params.html">Rack::Auth::Digest::Params</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Auth/Digest/Request.html">Rack::Auth::Digest::Request</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Builder.html">Rack::Builder</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Cascade.html">Rack::Cascade</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Chunked.html">Rack::Chunked</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/CommonLogger.html">Rack::CommonLogger</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/ConditionalGet.html">Rack::ConditionalGet</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Config.html">Rack::Config</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/ContentLength.html">Rack::ContentLength</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/ContentType.html">Rack::ContentType</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Deflater.html">Rack::Deflater</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Deflater/DeflateStream.html">Rack::Deflater::DeflateStream</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Deflater/GzipStream.html">Rack::Deflater::GzipStream</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Directory.html">Rack::Directory</a></li>
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<li><a href="./Rack/Handler/SCGI.html">Rack::Handler::SCGI</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Handler/SwiftipliedMongrel.html">Rack::Handler::SwiftipliedMongrel</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Handler/Thin.html">Rack::Handler::Thin</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Handler/WEBrick.html">Rack::Handler::WEBrick</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Head.html">Rack::Head</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Lint.html">Rack::Lint</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Lobster.html">Rack::Lobster</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Lock.html">Rack::Lock</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Logger.html">Rack::Logger</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/MethodOverride.html">Rack::MethodOverride</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Mime.html">Rack::Mime</a></li>
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<li><a href="./Rack/MockRequest/FatalWarning.html">Rack::MockRequest::FatalWarning</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/MockResponse.html">Rack::MockResponse</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/NullLogger.html">Rack::NullLogger</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Recursive.html">Rack::Recursive</a></li>
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<li><a href="./Rack/Reloader/Stat.html">Rack::Reloader::Stat</a></li>
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<li><a href="./Rack/RewindableInput/Tempfile.html">Rack::RewindableInput::Tempfile</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Runtime.html">Rack::Runtime</a></li>
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<li><a href="./Rack/Server.html">Rack::Server</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Server/Options.html">Rack::Server::Options</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Session.html">Rack::Session</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Session/Abstract.html">Rack::Session::Abstract</a></li>
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<li><a href="./Rack/Session/Pool.html">Rack::Session::Pool</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/ShowExceptions.html">Rack::ShowExceptions</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/ShowStatus.html">Rack::ShowStatus</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Static.html">Rack::Static</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/URLMap.html">Rack::URLMap</a></li>
<li><a href="./Rack/Utils.html">Rack::Utils</a></li>
<li><a href="./FCGI.html">FCGI</a></li>
<li><a href="./FCGI/Stream.html">FCGI::Stream</a></li>
<li><a href="./Multipart.html">Multipart</a></li>
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</div>
</div>
<div id="documentation">
<h1><a href="Rack.html">Rack</a>, a modular Ruby webserver interface</h1>
<p>
<a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> provides a minimal, modular and adaptable
interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP
requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and
distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between
(the so-called middleware) into a single method call.
</p>
<p>
The exact details of this are described in the <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a>
specification, which all <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> applications should
conform to.
</p>
<h2>Specification changes in this release</h2>
<p>
With <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> 1.1, the <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a>
specification (found in <a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a>) changed in the
following backward-incompatible ways.
</p>
<ul>
<li>Rack::VERSION has been pushed to [1,1].
</li>
<li>rack.logger is now specified.
</li>
<li>The <a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> now allows subclasses of the required
types.
</li>
<li>rack.input has to be opened in binary mode.
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Supported web servers</h2>
<p>
The included <b>handlers</b> connect all kinds of web servers to Rack:
</p>
<ul>
<li>Mongrel
</li>
<li>EventedMongrel
</li>
<li>SwiftipliedMongrel
</li>
<li>WEBrick
</li>
<li><a href="FCGI.html">FCGI</a>
</li>
<li>CGI
</li>
<li>SCGI
</li>
<li>LiteSpeed
</li>
<li>Thin
</li>
</ul>
<p>
These web servers include <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> handlers in their
distributions:
</p>
<ul>
<li>Ebb
</li>
<li>Fuzed
</li>
<li>Glassfish v3
</li>
<li>Phusion Passenger (which is mod_rack for Apache and for nginx)
</li>
<li>Rainbows!
</li>
<li>Unicorn
</li>
<li>Zbatery
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Any valid <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> app will run the same on all these
handlers, without changing anything.
</p>
<h2>Supported web frameworks</h2>
<p>
The included <b>adapters</b> connect <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> with
existing Ruby web frameworks:
</p>
<ul>
<li>Camping
</li>
</ul>
<p>
These frameworks include <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> adapters in their
distributions:
</p>
<ul>
<li>Camping
</li>
<li>Coset
</li>
<li>Halcyon
</li>
<li>Mack
</li>
<li>Maveric
</li>
<li>Merb
</li>
<li>Racktools::SimpleApplication
</li>
<li>Ramaze
</li>
<li>Ruby on Rails
</li>
<li>Rum
</li>
<li>Sinatra
</li>
<li>Sin
</li>
<li>Vintage
</li>
<li>Waves
</li>
<li>Wee
</li>
<li>… and many others.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Current links to these projects can be found at <a
href="http://wiki.ramaze.net/Home#other-frameworks">wiki.ramaze.net/Home#other-frameworks</a>
</p>
<h2>Available middleware</h2>
<p>
Between the server and the framework, <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> can be
customized to your applications needs using middleware, for example:
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="Rack/URLMap.html">Rack::URLMap</a>, to route to multiple
applications inside the same process.
</li>
<li><a href="Rack/CommonLogger.html">Rack::CommonLogger</a>, for creating
Apache-style logfiles.
</li>
<li>Rack::ShowException, for catching unhandled exceptions and presenting them
in a nice and helpful way with clickable backtrace.
</li>
<li>Rack::File, for serving static files.
</li>
<li>…many others!
</li>
</ul>
<p>
All these components use the same interface, which is described in detail
in the <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> specification. These optional
components can be used in any way you wish.
</p>
<h2>Convenience</h2>
<p>
If you want to develop outside of existing frameworks, implement your own
ones, or develop middleware, <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> provides many
helpers to create <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> applications quickly and
without doing the same web stuff all over:
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="Rack/Request.html">Rack::Request</a>, which also provides query
string parsing and multipart handling.
</li>
<li><a href="Rack/Response.html">Rack::Response</a>, for convenient generation
of HTTP replies and cookie handling.
</li>
<li><a href="Rack/MockRequest.html">Rack::MockRequest</a> and <a
href="Rack/MockResponse.html">Rack::MockResponse</a> for efficient and
quick testing of <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> application without real HTTP
round-trips.
</li>
</ul>
<h2>rack-contrib</h2>
<p>
The plethora of useful middleware created the need for a project that
collects fresh <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> middleware. rack-contrib
includes a variety of add-on components for <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a>
and it is easy to contribute new modules.
</p>
<ul>
<li><a
href="http://github.com/rack/rack-contrib">github.com/rack/rack-contrib</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>rackup</h2>
<p>
rackup is a useful tool for running <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a>
applications, which uses the <a href="Rack/Builder.html">Rack::Builder</a>
DSL to configure middleware and build up applications easily.
</p>
<p>
rackup automatically figures out the environment it is run in, and runs
your application as FastCGI, CGI, or standalone with Mongrel or
WEBrick—all from the same configuration.
</p>
<h2>Quick start</h2>
<p>
Try the lobster!
</p>
<p>
Either with the embedded WEBrick starter:
</p>
<pre>
ruby -Ilib lib/rack/lobster.rb
</pre>
<p>
Or with rackup:
</p>
<pre>
bin/rackup -Ilib example/lobster.ru
</pre>
<p>
By default, the lobster is found at <a
href="http://localhost:9292">localhost:9292</a>.
</p>
<h2>Installing with RubyGems</h2>
<p>
A Gem of <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> is available at gemcutter.org. You
can install it with:
</p>
<pre>
gem install rack
</pre>
<p>
I also provide a local mirror of the gems (and development snapshots) at my
site:
</p>
<pre>
gem install rack --source http://chneukirchen.org/releases/gems/
</pre>
<h2>Running the tests</h2>
<p>
Testing <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> requires the test/spec testing
framework:
</p>
<pre>
gem install test-spec
</pre>
<p>
There are two rake-based test tasks:
</p>
<pre>
rake test tests all the fast tests (no Handlers or Adapters)
rake fulltest runs all the tests
</pre>
<p>
The fast testsuite has no dependencies outside of the core Ruby
installation and test-spec.
</p>
<p>
To run the test suite completely, you need:
</p>
<pre>
* camping
* fcgi
* memcache-client
* mongrel
* thin
</pre>
<p>
The full set of tests test <a href="FCGI.html">FCGI</a> access with
lighttpd (on port 9203) so you will need lighttpd installed as well as the
<a href="FCGI.html">FCGI</a> libraries and the fcgi gem:
</p>
<p>
Download and install lighttpd:
</p>
<pre>
http://www.lighttpd.net/download
</pre>
<p>
Installing the <a href="FCGI.html">FCGI</a> libraries:
</p>
<pre>
curl -O http://www.fastcgi.com/dist/fcgi-2.4.0.tar.gz
tar xzvf fcgi-2.4.0.tar.gz
cd fcgi-2.4.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
sudo make install
cd ..
</pre>
<p>
Installing the Ruby fcgi gem:
</p>
<pre>
gem install fcgi
</pre>
<p>
Furthermore, to test Memcache sessions, you need memcached (will be run on
port 11211) and memcache-client installed.
</p>
<h2>History</h2>
<ul>
<li>March 3rd, 2007: First public release 0.1.
</li>
<li>May 16th, 2007: Second public release 0.2.
<ul>
<li>HTTP Basic authentication.
</li>
<li>Cookie Sessions.
</li>
<li>Static file handler.
</li>
<li>Improved <a href="Rack/Request.html">Rack::Request</a>.
</li>
<li>Improved <a href="Rack/Response.html">Rack::Response</a>.
</li>
<li>Added <a href="Rack/ShowStatus.html">Rack::ShowStatus</a>, for better
default error messages.
</li>
<li>Bug fixes in the Camping adapter.
</li>
<li>Removed Rails adapter, was too alpha.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>February 26th, 2008: Third public release 0.3.
<ul>
<li>LiteSpeed handler, by Adrian Madrid.
</li>
<li>SCGI handler, by Jeremy Evans.
</li>
<li>Pool sessions, by blink.
</li>
<li>OpenID authentication, by blink.
</li>
<li>:Port and :File options for opening FastCGI sockets, by blink.
</li>
<li>Last-Modified HTTP header for Rack::File, by blink.
</li>
<li><a href="Rack/Builder.html#M000057">Rack::Builder#use</a> now accepts
blocks, by Corey Jewett. (See example/protectedlobster.ru)
</li>
<li>HTTP status 201 can contain a Content-Type and a body now.
</li>
<li>Many bugfixes, especially related to Cookie handling.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>August 21st, 2008: Fourth public release 0.4.
<ul>
<li>New middleware, <a href="Rack/Deflater.html">Rack::Deflater</a>, by
Christoffer Sawicki.
</li>
<li>OpenID authentication now needs ruby-openid 2.
</li>
<li>New Memcache sessions, by blink.
</li>
<li>Explicit EventedMongrel handler, by Joshua Peek <josh@joshpeek.com>
</li>
<li><a href="Rack/Reloader.html">Rack::Reloader</a> is not loaded in rackup
development mode.
</li>
<li>rackup can daemonize with -D.
</li>
<li>Many bugfixes, especially for pool sessions, URLMap, thread safety and
tempfile handling.
</li>
<li>Improved tests.
</li>
<li><a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> moved to Git.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>January 6th, 2009: Fifth public release 0.9.
<ul>
<li><a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> is now managed by the <a
href="Rack.html">Rack</a> Core Team.
</li>
<li><a href="Rack/Lint.html">Rack::Lint</a> is stricter and follows the HTTP
RFCs more closely.
</li>
<li>Added ConditionalGet middleware.
</li>
<li>Added ContentLength middleware.
</li>
<li>Added Deflater middleware.
</li>
<li>Added Head middleware.
</li>
<li>Added MethodOverride middleware.
</li>
<li><a href="Rack/Mime.html">Rack::Mime</a> now provides popular MIME-types and
their extension.
</li>
<li>Mongrel Header now streams.
</li>
<li>Added Thin handler.
</li>
<li>Official support for swiftiplied Mongrel.
</li>
<li>Secure cookies.
</li>
<li>Made <a href="HeaderHash.html">HeaderHash</a> case-preserving.
</li>
<li>Many bugfixes and small improvements.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>January 9th, 2009: Sixth public release 0.9.1.
<ul>
<li>Fix directory traversal exploits in Rack::File and <a
href="Rack/Directory.html">Rack::Directory</a>.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>April 25th, 2009: Seventh public release 1.0.0.
<ul>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> change: Rack::VERSION has been pushed to
[1,0].
</li>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> change: header values must be Strings now,
split on “n“.
</li>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> change: Content-Length can be missing, in this
case chunked transfer encoding is used.
</li>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> change: rack.input must be rewindable and
support reading into a buffer, wrap with <a
href="Rack/RewindableInput.html">Rack::RewindableInput</a> if it
isn’t.
</li>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> change: rack.session is now specified.
</li>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> change: Bodies can now additionally respond to
to_path with a filename to be served.
</li>
<li>NOTE: String bodies break in 1.9, use an Array consisting of a single
String instead.
</li>
<li>New middleware <a href="Rack/Lock.html">Rack::Lock</a>.
</li>
<li>New middleware <a href="Rack/ContentType.html">Rack::ContentType</a>.
</li>
<li><a href="Rack/Reloader.html">Rack::Reloader</a> has been rewritten.
</li>
<li>Major update to Rack::Auth::OpenID.
</li>
<li>Support for nested parameter parsing in <a
href="Rack/Response.html">Rack::Response</a>.
</li>
<li>Support for redirects in <a href="Rack/Response.html">Rack::Response</a>.
</li>
<li>HttpOnly cookie support in <a href="Rack/Response.html">Rack::Response</a>.
</li>
<li>The Rakefile has been rewritten.
</li>
<li>Many bugfixes and small improvements.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>October 18th, 2009: Eighth public release 1.0.1.
<ul>
<li>Bump remainder of rack.versions.
</li>
<li>Support the pure Ruby <a href="FCGI.html">FCGI</a> implementation.
</li>
<li>Fix for form names containing “=”: split first then unescape
components
</li>
<li>Fixes the handling of the filename parameter with semicolons in names.
</li>
<li>Add anchor to nested params parsing regexp to prevent stack overflows
</li>
<li>Use more compatible gzip write api instead of “<<”.
</li>
<li>Make sure that Reloader doesn’t break when executed via ruby -e
</li>
<li>Make sure WEBrick respects the :Host option
</li>
<li>Many Ruby 1.9 fixes.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>January 3rd, 2009: Ninth public release 1.1.0.
<ul>
<li>Moved Auth::OpenID to rack-contrib.
</li>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> change that relaxes Lint slightly to allow
subclasses of the required types
</li>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> change to document rack.input binary mode in
greator detail
</li>
<li><a href="SPEC.html">SPEC</a> define optional rack.logger specification
</li>
<li>File servers support X-Cascade header
</li>
<li>Imported Config middleware
</li>
<li>Imported ETag middleware
</li>
<li>Imported Runtime middleware
</li>
<li>Imported Sendfile middleware
</li>
<li>New Logger and NullLogger middlewares
</li>
<li>Added mime type for .ogv and .manifest.
</li>
<li>Don’t squeeze PATH_INFO slashes
</li>
<li>Use Content-Type to determine POST params parsing
</li>
<li>Update Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES hash
</li>
<li>Add status code lookup utility
</li>
<li>Response should call to_i on the status
</li>
<li>Add Request#user_agent
</li>
<li>Request#host knows about forwared host
</li>
<li>Return an empty string for Request#host if HTTP_HOST and SERVER_NAME are
both missing
</li>
<li>Allow MockRequest to accept hash params
</li>
<li>Optimizations to <a href="HeaderHash.html">HeaderHash</a>
</li>
<li>Refactored rackup into <a href="Rack/Server.html">Rack::Server</a>
</li>
<li>Added Utils.build_nested_query to complement Utils.parse_nested_query
</li>
<li>Added Utils::Multipart.build_multipart to complement
Utils::Multipart.parse_multipart
</li>
<li>Extracted set and delete cookie helpers into Utils so they can be used
outside Response
</li>
<li>Extract parse_query and parse_multipart in Request so subclasses can change
their behavior
</li>
<li>Enforce binary encoding in RewindableInput
</li>
<li>Set correct external_encoding for handlers that don’t use
RewindableInput
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Contact</h2>
<p>
Please post bugs, suggestions and patches to the bug tracker at <<a
href="http://rack.lighthouseapp.com/">rack.lighthouseapp.com/</a>>.
</p>
<p>
Mailing list archives are available at <<a
href="http://groups.google.com/group/rack-devel">groups.google.com/group/rack-devel</a>>.
</p>
<p>
Git repository (send Git patches to the mailing list):
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://github.com/rack/rack">github.com/rack/rack</a>
</li>
<li><a
href="http://git.vuxu.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=rack.git">git.vuxu.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=rack.git</a>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
You are also welcome to join the rack channel on irc.freenode.net.
</p>
<h2>Thanks</h2>
<p>
The <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> Core Team, consisting of
</p>
<ul>
<li>Christian Neukirchen (chneukirchen)
</li>
<li>James Tucker (raggi)
</li>
<li>Josh Peek (josh)
</li>
<li>Michael Fellinger (manveru)
</li>
<li>Ryan Tomayko (rtomayko)
</li>
<li>Scytrin dai Kinthra (scytrin)
</li>
</ul>
<p>
would like to thank:
</p>
<ul>
<li>Adrian Madrid, for the LiteSpeed handler.
</li>
<li>Christoffer Sawicki, for the first Rails adapter and <a
href="Rack/Deflater.html">Rack::Deflater</a>.
</li>
<li>Tim Fletcher, for the HTTP authentication code.
</li>
<li>Luc Heinrich for the Cookie sessions, the static file handler and bugfixes.
</li>
<li>Armin Ronacher, for the logo and racktools.
</li>
<li>Aredridel, Ben Alpert, Dan Kubb, Daniel Roethlisberger, Matt Todd, Tom
Robinson, Phil Hagelberg, S. Brent Faulkner, Bosko Milekic, Daniel
Rodríguez Troitiño, Genki Takiuchi, Geoffrey Grosenbach, Julien Sanchez,
Kamal Fariz Mahyuddin, Masayoshi Takahashi, Patrick Aljordm, Mig, and
Kazuhiro Nishiyama for bug fixing and other improvements.
</li>
<li>Eric Wong, Hongli Lai, Jeremy Kemper for their continuous support and API
improvements.
</li>
<li>Yehuda Katz and Carl Lerche for refactoring rackup.
</li>
<li>Brian Candler, for <a href="Rack/ContentType.html">Rack::ContentType</a>.
</li>
<li>Graham Batty, for improved handler loading.
</li>
<li>Stephen Bannasch, for bug reports and documentation.
</li>
<li>Gary Wright, for proposing a better <a
href="Rack/Response.html">Rack::Response</a> interface.
</li>
<li>Jonathan Buch, for improvements regarding <a
href="Rack/Response.html">Rack::Response</a>.
</li>
<li>Armin Röhrl, for tracking down bugs in the Cookie generator.
</li>
<li>Alexander Kellett for testing the Gem and reviewing the announcement.
</li>
<li>Marcus Rückert, for help with configuring and debugging lighttpd.
</li>
<li>The WSGI team for the well-done and documented work they’ve done and
<a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> builds up on.
</li>
<li>All bug reporters and patch contributers not mentioned above.
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Copyright</h2>
<p>
Copyright (C) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Christian Neukirchen <<a
href="http://purl.org/net/chneukirchen">purl.org/net/chneukirchen</a>>
</p>
<p>
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
“Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction,
including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
following conditions:
</p>
<p>
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
</p>
<p>
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
</p>
<h2>Links</h2>
<table>
<tr><td valign="top">Rack:</td><td><<a href="http://rack.rubyforge.org/">rack.rubyforge.org/</a>>
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">Rack’s Rubyforge project:</td><td><<a
href="http://rubyforge.org/projects/rack">rubyforge.org/projects/rack</a>>
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">Official <a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> repositories:</td><td><<a href="http://github.com/rack">github.com/rack</a>>
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top"><a href="Rack.html">Rack</a> Lighthouse Bug Tracking:</td><td><<a href="http://rack.lighthouseapp.com/">rack.lighthouseapp.com/</a>>
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">rack-devel mailing list:</td><td><<a
href="http://groups.google.com/group/rack-devel">groups.google.com/group/rack-devel</a>>
</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="top">Christian Neukirchen:</td><td><<a href="http://chneukirchen.org/">chneukirchen.org/</a>>
</td></tr>
</table>
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