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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>LibRaw: Data Structures and Constants</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href=index-eng.html>[back to Index]</a>
<h1>LibRaw: Data Structures and Constants</h1>
<p>
LibRaw data structures are defined in header file libraw/libraw_types.h<br/>
Constants used in its work are defined in file libraw/libraw_const.h
</p>
<h2>Contents:</h2>
<ol>
<li><a href="#datastruct">Data structures</a>
<ol>
<li><a href="#libraw_data_t">libraw_data_t: Main Data Structure in LibRaw</a></li>
<li><a href="#libraw_iparams_t">Structure libraw_iparams_t: Main Parameters of the Image</a></li>
<li><a href="#libraw_image_sizes_t">Structure libraw_image_sizes_t: Image Dimensions</a></li>
<li><a href="#libraw_colordata_t">Structure libraw_colordata_t: Color Information</a></li>
<li><a href="#color_data_state_t">Structure color_data_state_t: Description of Color Data Source</a></li>
<li><a href="#libraw_imgother_t">Structure libraw_imgother_t: Other Parameters of the Image</a></li>
<li><a href="#libraw_rawdata_t">Structure libraw_rawdata_t: holds unpacked RAW data</a></li>
<li><a href="#libraw_thumbnail_t">Structure libraw_thumbnail_t: Description of Thumbnail</a></li>
<li><a href="#libraw_output_params_t">Structure libraw_output_params_t: Management of dcraw-Style Postprocessing</a>.</li>
<li><a href="#libraw_processed_image_t">Stucture libraw_processed_image_t - result set for dcraw_make_mem_image()/dcraw_make_mem_thumb() functions</a></li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#datastream">Input abstraction layer</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#datastream_data">Data fields</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#const">Constants</a>
<ol>
<li><a href="#LibRaw_errors">enum LibRaw_errors: Error Codes</a></li>
<li><a href="#decoder_flags">enum LibRaw_decoder_flags - RAW data format description</a></li>
<li><a href="#progress">enum LibRaw_progress: Current State of LibRaw Object</a></li>
<li><a href="#LibRaw_thumbnail_formats">enum LibRaw_thumbnail_formats: Thumbnail Data Formats</a></li>
<li><a href="#warnings">Nonstandard Situations (Warnings) during RAW Data Processing</a></li>
<li><a href="#LibRaw_colorstate">enum LibRaw_colorstate: Type of Color Data Source</a>.</li>
<li><a href="#LibRaw_image_formats">enum LibRaw_image_formats - possible types of data, contains in libraw_processed_image_t structure</a>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<a name="datastruct"></a>
<h2>Data Structures</h2>
<a name="libraw_data_t"></a>
<h3>libraw_data_t: Main Data Structure of LibRaw</h3>
<p>
Structure libraw_data_t is a "wrapping" for data structures accessible to the user of the library.<br/>
When one uses C++ API, it is accessible as LibRaw::imgdata (class_instance.imgdata). The data in this structure appear after
a file is opened through open_file (and other open_ calls), except for the image itself (filled by unpack()) and data containing
the preview information (filled by calling unpack_thumb()).<br/>
Data fields:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>unsigned int progress_flags;</b></dt>
<dd>
This field records the past <a href="#progress">phases of image processing</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned int progress_flags;</b></dt>
<dd>
This field records <a href="#warnings">suspicious situations (warnings)</a> that have emerged during image processing.
</dd>
<dt><b>libraw_iparams_t idata;</b></dt>
<dd>
The structure describes the main image parameters retrieved from the RAW file. Fields of this structure
are described in detail <a href="#libraw_iparams_t">below</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>libraw_image_sizes_t sizes;</b></dt>
<dd>
The structure describes the geometrical parameters of the image. Fields of this structure
are described in detail <a href="#libraw_image_sizes_t">below</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>libraw_colordata_t color;</b></dt>
<dd>
The structure contains color data retrieved from the file. Fields of this structure
are described in detail <a href="#libraw_colordata_t">below</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>libraw_imgother_t other;</b></dt>
<dd>
Data structure for information purposes: it contains the image parameters that have been extracted from the file but are
not needed in further file processing. Fields of this structure are described in detail <a href="#libraw_imgother_t">below</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>libraw_thumbnail_t thumbnail;</b></dt>
<dd>
Data structure containing information on the preview and the preview data themselves. All fields of this
structure but thumbnail itself are filled when open_file() is called. Thumbnail readed by unpack_thumb() call.
The fields are described in detail <a href="#libraw_thumbnail_t">below</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>libraw_rawdata_t rawdata;</b></dt>
<dd>
Data structure with pointer to raw-data buffer.
Details are described <a href="#libraw_rawdata_t">below</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort (*image)[4];</b></dt>
<dd>
The memory area that contains the image pixels per se. It is filled when raw2image() or dcraw_process() is called.
</dd>
<dt><b>libraw_output_params_t params;</b></dt>
<dd>
Data structure intended for management of image postprocessing (using the dcraw emulator).
Fields of this structure are described in detail <a href="#libraw_iparams_t">below</a>.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="libraw_iparams_t"></a>
<h3> Structure libraw_iparams_t: Main Parameters of the Image</h3>
<p>
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>char make[64];</b></dt>
<dd>
Camera manufacturer.
</dd>
<dt><b>char model[64];</b></dt>
<dd>
Camera model.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned raw_count;</b></dt>
<dd>
Number of RAW images in file (0 means that the file has not been recognized).
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned dng_version;</b></dt>
<dd>
DNG version (for the DNG format).
</dd>
<dd>
1 for Foveon matrices, 0 for others. Foveon is supported in LibRaw-demosaic-pack-GPL2.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><b>int colors;</b></dt>
<dd>
Number of colors in the file.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned filters;</b></dt>
<dd>
Bit mask describing the order of color pixels in the matrix (0 for full-color images). 32 bits of this field describe 16 pixels
(8 rows with two pixels in each, from left to right and from top to bottom). Each two bits have values 0 to 3, which
correspond to four possible colors. Convenient work with this field is ensured by the COLOR(row,column) function,
which returns the number of the active color for a given pixel.
</dd>
<dt><b>char cdesc[5];</b></dt>
<dd>
Description of colors numbered from 0 to 3 (RGBG,RGBE,GMCY, or GBTG).
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="libraw_image_sizes_t"></a>
<h3>Structure libraw_image_sizes_t: Image Dimensions</h3>
<p>Structure libraw_image_sizes_t is a collection of all file data that describe the size of the image.<br/>
Data fields:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>ushort raw_height, raw_width;</b></dt>
<dd>
Full size of RAW image (including the frame) in pixels.
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort height, width;</b></dt>
<dd>
Size of visible ("meaningful") part of the image (without the frame).
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort top_margin, left_margin;</b></dt>
<dd>
Coordinates of the top left corner of the frame (the second corner is calculated from the full size of the image and size of its visible part).
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort iheight, iwidth;</b></dt>
<dd>
Size of the output image (may differ from height/width for cameras that require image rotation or have non-square pixels).
</dd>
<dt><b>double pixel_aspect;</b></dt>
<dd>
Pixel width/height ratio. If it is not unity, scaling of the image along one of the axes is required during output.
</dd>
<dt><b>int flip;</b></dt>
<dd>
Image orientation (0 if does not require rotation; 3 if requires 180-deg rotation; 5 if 90 deg counterclockwise, 6 if 90 deg clockwise).
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="libraw_colordata_t"></a>
<h3>Structure libraw_colordata_t: Color Information</h3>
<p>Structure libraw_colordata_t unites all color data, both retrieved from the RAW file and calculated on the basis of the
image itself. For different cameras, there are different ways of color handling. <br/>
Data fields:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>color_data_state_t color_flags;</b></dt>
<dd>
Data structure describing the sources of color data. Described <a href="#color_data_state_t">below</a> in more detail.
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort white[8][8];</b></dt>
<dd>
Block of white pixels extracted from files CIFF/CRW. Not extracted for other formats. Used to calculate white
balance coefficients.
</dd>
<dt><b>float cam_xyz[4][3]; </b></dt>
<dd>
Camera RGB - XYZ conversion matrix. This matrix is constant (different for different models).
Last row is zero for RGB cameras and non-zero for different color models (CMYG and so on).
</dd>
<dt><b>float cam_mul[4]; </b></dt>
<dd>
White balance coefficients (as shot). Either read from file or calculated.
</dd>
<dt><b>float pre_mul[4]; </b></dt>
<dd>
White balance coefficients for daylight (daylight balance). Either read from file, or calculated on the basis of file data,
or taken from hardcoded constants.
</dd>
<dt><b>float cmatrix[3][4];</b></dt>
<dd>
White balance matrix. Read from file for some cameras, calculated for others.
</dd>
<dt><b>float rgb_cam[3][4];</b></dt>
<dd>
Another white balance matrix, read from file for Leaf and Kodak cameras.
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort curve[0x4001];</b></dt>
<dd>
Camera tone curve, read from file for Nikon, Sony and some other cameras.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned black;</b></dt>
<dd>
Black level. Depending on the camera, it may be zero (this means that black has been subtracted at the unpacking stage
or by the camera itself), calculated at the unpacking stage, read from the RAW file, or hardcoded.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned cblack[8];</b></dt>
<dd>
Per-channel black level. Items 0-3 are black pixels values (averaged), items 4-7 are per-channel counts.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned maximum;</b></dt>
<dd>
Maximum pixel value. Calculated from the data for most cameras, hardcoded for others.
This value may be changed on postprocessing stage (when black subtraction performed) and by
automated maximum adjustment (this adjustment performed if <b>params.adjust_maximum_thr</b>
is set to nonzero).
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned channel_maximum[4];</b></dt>
<dd>
Per channel maximum pixel value. Calculated from RAW data on unpack stage.
</dd>
<dt><b>ph1_t phase_one_data;</b></dt>
<dd>
Color data block that is read for Phase One cameras.
</dd>
<dt><b>float flash_used;</b></dt>
<dt><b>float canon_ev;</b></dt>
<dd>
Fields used for white balance calculations (for some P&S Canon cameras).
</dd>
<dt><b>char model2[64];</b></dt>
<dd>
Firmware revision (for some cameras).
</dd>
<dt><b>void *profile;</b></dt>
<dd>
Pointer to the retrieved ICC profile (if it is present in the RAW file).
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned profile_length;</b></dt>
<dd>
Length of ICC profile in bytes.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="color_data_state_t"></a>
<h3>Structure color_data_state_t: Description of Color Data Source</h3>
<p>This structure (actually, a bit field) describes the source of color data for each field of structure <a
href="#libraw_colordata_t">libraw_colordata_t</a>, which may be obtained from different data sources.<br/>
Data fields:
</p>
<pre>
unsigned curve_state : 3;
unsigned rgb_cam_state : 3;
unsigned cmatrix_state : 3;
unsigned pre_mul_state : 3;
unsigned cam_mul_state : 3;
</pre>
<p>
Each field assumes one of the values that are possible for enum <a href="#LibRaw_colorstate">LibRaw_colorstate</a>.
</p>
<a name="libraw_imgother_t"></a>
<h3>Structure libraw_imgother_t: Other Parameters of the Image</h3>
<p>
Structure libraw_imgother_t is a collection of data that have been read from the RAW file but are not needed for image postprocessing.<br/>
Data fields:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>float iso_speed; </b></dt>
<dd>
ISO sensitivity.
</dd>
<dt><b>float shutter;</b></dt>
<dd>
Shutter speed.
</dd>
<dt><b>float aperture;</b></dt>
<dd>
Aperture.
</dd>
<dt><b>float focal_len;</b></dt>
<dd>
Focal length.
</dd>
<dt><b>time_t timestamp; </b></dt>
<dd>
Date of shooting.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned shot_order;</b></dt>
<dd>
Serial number of image.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned gpsdata[32];</b></dt>
<dd>
GPS data.
</dd>
<dt><b>char desc[512];</b></dt>
<dd>
Image description.
</dd>
<dt><b>char artist[64];</b></dt>
<dd>
Author of image.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="libraw_rawdata_t"></a>
<h3>Structure libraw_rawdata_t: holds unpacked RAW data</h3>
<p>
Structure libraw_rawdata_t holds:
</p>
<ul>
<li>RAW-data from sensor, readed and unpacked by the <a href="API-CXX-rus.html#unpack">unpack()</a> call.
</li>
<li>"backup" copy of color and over data modified during postprocessing. When postprocessing calls repeats,
the needed data is restored from this backup.
</ul>
<p>
Data fields:
</p>
<dl>
<dt> void *raw_alloc;</dt>
<dd>Buffer allocated to hold RAW-data</dd>
<dt> unsigned short *raw_image;</dt>
<dd>Pointer to buffer with one-component (bayer) data.</dd>
<dt> unsigned short (*color_image)[4] ;</dt>
<dd>Pointer to buffer with 4-component (full-color) data</dd>
</dl>
All other fields of this structure are for internal use and should not be touched by user code.
<a name="libraw_thumbnail_t"></a>
<h3>Structure libraw_thumbnail_t: Description of Thumbnail</h3>
<p>Structure libraw_thumbnail_t describes all parameters associated with the preview saved in the RAW file.<br/>
Data fields:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LibRaw_thumbnail_formats tformat;</b></dt>
<dd>
Thumbnail data format. One of the values among enum <a
href="#LibRaw_thumbnail_formats">LibRaw_thumbnail_formats</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort twidth, theight;</b></dt>
<dd>
Dimensions of the preview image in pixels.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned tlength;</b></dt>
<dd>
Thumbnail length in bytes.
</dd>
<dt><b>int tcolors;</b></dt>
<dd>
Number of colors in the preview.
</dd>
<dt><b>char *thumb;</b></dt>
<dd>
Pointer to thumbmail, extracted from the data file.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="libraw_output_params_t"></a>
<h3>Structure libraw_output_params_t: Management of dcraw-Style Postprocessing</h3>
<p>Structure libraw_output_params_t is used for management of dcraw-compatible calls dcraw_process(),
dcraw_ppm_tiff_writer(), dcraw_thumb_writer(), and dcraw_document_mode_processing(). Fields of this structure
correspond to command line keys of dcraw.<br/>
Data fields:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>unsigned greybox[4];</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -A x y w h <br/>
4 numbers corresponding to the coordinates (in pixels) of the rectangle that is used to calculate the white
balance. X and Y are coordinates of the left-top rectangle corner; w and h are the rectangle's width and
height, respectively.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned cropbox[4];</b></dt>
<dd>
<b> dcraw:</b> <br/>
This field sets the image cropping rectangle. Cropbox[0] and cropbox[1] are the rectangle's top-left
corner coordinates, remaining two values are width and height respectively. All coordinates are
applied before any image rotation.
</dd>
<dt><b>double aber[4];</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -C <br/>
Correction of chromatic aberrations; the only specified values are<br/>
aber[0], the red multiplier<br/>
aber[2], the green multiplier.
For some formats, it affects <a href=API-notes-eng.html>RAW data reading</a>, since correction of aberrations
changes the output size.
</dd>
<dt><b>double gamm[6];</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -g power toe_slope <br/>
Sets user gamma-curve. Library user should set first two fields of gamm array:<br/>
gamm[0] - <b>inverted</b> gamma value)<br/>
gamm[1] - slope for linear part (so called toe slope). Set to zero for simple power curve.
<br/>
Remaining 4 values are filled automatically.
<p>
By default settings for rec. BT.709 are used: power 2.222 (i.e. gamm[0]=1/2.222) and slope 4.5.
For sRGB curve use gamm[0]=1/2.4 and gamm[1]=12.92, for linear curve set gamm[0]/gamm[1] to 1.0.
</dd>
<dt><b>float user_mul[4];</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -r mul0 mul1 mul2 mul3 <br/>
4 multipliers (r,g,b,g) of the user's white balance.
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned shot_select, multi_out;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -s <br/>
Selection of image number for processing (for formats that contain several RAW images in one file). The
multi_out ( -s all) mode should be programmed by the user, since dcraw_process() does not support it.
</dd>
<dt><b>float bright;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -b <br/>
Brightness (default 1.0).
</dd>
<dt><b>float threshold;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -n <br/>
Parameter for noise reduction through wavelet denoising.
</dd>
<dt><b>int half_size;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -h <br/>
Outputs the image in 50% size. For some formats, it affects <a href=API-notes-eng.html>RAW data reading</a>.
</dd>
<dt><b>int four_color_rgb;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -f <br/>
Switches on separate interpolations for two green components.
</dd>
<dt><b>int document_mode;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -d/-D <br/>
0: standard processing (with white balance)<br/>
1: corresponds to -d (without color processing or debayer)<br/>
2: corresponds to -D (-d without white balance).
</dd>
<dt><b>int highlight;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -H <br/>
0-9: Highlight mode (0=clip, 1=unclip, 2=blend, 3+=rebuild).
</dd>
<dt><b>int use_auto_wb;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -a <br/>
Use automatic white balance obtained after averaging over the entire image.
</dd>
<dt><b>int use_camera_wb;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -w <br/>
If possible, use the white balance from the camera.
</dd>
<dt><b>int use_camera_matrix;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> +M/-M <br/>
Use (1)/don't use camera color matrix.
</dd>
<dt><b>int output_color;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -o <br/>
[0-5] Output colorspace (raw, sRGB, Adobe, Wide, ProPhoto, XYZ).
</dd>
<dt><b>char* output_profile;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -o filename<br/>
Path to output profile ICC file (used only if LibRaw compiled with LCMS support)
</dd>
<dt><b>char* camera_profile;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -o file<br/>
Path to input (camera) profile ICC file (or 'embed' for embedded profile). Used only if LCMS support compiled in.
</dd>
<dt><b>char* bad_pixels;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -P file<br/>
Path to file with bad pixels map (in dcraw format: "column row date-of-pixel-death-in-UNIX-format", one pixel
per row).
</dd>
<dt><b>char* dark_frame;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -K file<br/>
Path to dark frame file (in 16-bit PGM format)
</dd>
<dt><b>int output_bps;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -4 <br/>
8 bit (default)/16 bit (key -4).
</dd>
<dt><b>int output_tiff;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -T <br/>
0/1: output PPM/TIFF.
</dd>
<dt><b>int user_flip;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -t <br/>
[0-7] Flip image (0=none, 3=180, 5=90CCW, 6=90CW).
Default -1, which means taking the corresponding value from RAW. <br/>
For some formats, <a href=API-notes-eng.html>affects RAW data reading</a>, e.g., unpacking of thumbnails
from Kodak cameras.
</dd>
<dt><b>int user_qual;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -q <br/>
0-10: interpolation quality:
<ul>
<li>0 - linear interpolation</li>
<li>1 - VNG interpolation</li>
<li>2 - PPG interpolation</li>
<li>3 - AHD interpolation</li>
<li>4 - DCB interpolation</li>
<li>5 - Modified AHD interpolation by Paul Lee</li>
<li>6 - AFD interpolation (5-pass)</li>
<li>7 - VCD interpolation</li>
<li>8 - Mixed VCD/Modified AHD interpolation</li>
<li>9 - LMMSE interpolation</li>
<li>10 - AMaZE intepolation</li>
</ul>
Values 5-9 are useful only if "LibRaw demosaic pack GPL2" compiled in (see README.demosaic-packs in
your distribution for details). Value 10 is useful only if LibRaw compiled with "LibRaw demosaic pack GPL3".
If some interpolation method is unsupported because LibRaw compiled without corresponding demosaic pack,
AHD interpolation will be used without any notice.
</dd>
<dt><b>int user_black;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -k <br/>
User black level.
</dd>
<dt><b>int user_sat;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -S <br/>
Saturation adjustment.
</dd>
<dt><b>int med_passes;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -m <br/>
Number of median filter passes.
</dd>
<dt><b>int no_auto_bright;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -W <br/>
Don't use automatic increase of brightness by histogram.
</dd>
<dt><b>float auto_bright_thr;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b>none<br/>
Portion of clipped pixels when auto brighness increase is used. Default value is 0.01 (1%) for dcraw
compatibility. Recommended value for modern low-noise multimegapixel cameras depends on shooting style. Values
in 0.001-0.00003 range looks reasonable.
</dd>
<dt><b>float adjust_maximum_thr;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b>none<br/>
This parameters controls auto-adjusting of maximum value based on channel_maximum[] data, calculated from
real frame data. If calculated maximum is greater than adjust_maximum_thr*maximum, than maximum is
set to calculated_maximum.
<br/>Default: 0.75. If you set this value above 0.99999, than default value will be used. If you set
this value below 0.00001, than no maximum adjustment will be performed.
<br/>
Adjusting maximum should not damage any picture (esp. if you use default value) and is very useful for
correcting channel overflow problems (magenta clouds on landscape shots, green-blue highlights for
indoor shots).
</dd>
<dt><b>int use_fuji_rotate;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -j <br/>
Default -1 (use), 0 - don't use rotation for cameras on a Fuji sensor.
</dd>
<dt><b>char *bpfile;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -P <br/>
Name of file with bad pixel map.
</dd>
<dt><b>char *dark_frame;</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> -K <br/>
Name of file with dark frame.
</dd>
<dt><b>int green_matching;</b></dt>
<dd>
Turns on fixing of green channels disbalance.
<b>dcraw keys:</b> none <br/>
Default: 0 (not use), 1 - turns on this postprocessing stage. green_matching requires additional memory for
image data.
</dd>
<dt><b>int dcb_iterations</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> none <br/>
Number of DCB correction passes. Default is -1 (no correction). Useful only for DCB interpolation.
</dd>
<dt><b>int dcb_enhance_fl</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> none <br/>
nonzero: DCB interpolation with enhance interpolated colors.
</dd>
<dt><b>int fbdd_noiserd</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> none <br/>
Controls FBDD noise reduction before demosaic.
<ul>
<li>0 - do not use FBDD noise reduction</li>
<li>1 - light FBDD reduction</li>
<li>2 (and more) - full FBDD reduction</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt><b>int eeci_refine</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> none <br/>
nonzero- Use EECI refine for VCD interpolation.
</dd>
<dt><b>int es_med_passes</b></dt>
<dd>
<b>dcraw keys:</b> none <br/>
Number of edge-sensitive median filter passes after VCD+AHD demosaic.
Value above 1 is highly not recommended.
</dd>
<dt><b>int ca_correc</b></dt>
<dd>
<b> dcraw:</b> <br/>
positive value turns on chromatic aberrations suppression (default:0 i.e. off).
</dd>
<dt><b>float cared,cablue</b></dt>
<dd>
<b> dcraw:</b> <br/>
If one of these fields is non-zero, then these values will be used instead of automatic ones.
Useable range is +-0.1..+-4.0.
</dd>
<dt><b>int cfaline; float linenoise;</b></dt>
<dd>Line noise (banding) reduction.
<br/>
positive value turns this feature on (default: off).
<br/>
linenoise - amount of reduction. Useful range is 0.001 to 0.02. Default value is 0.0 i.e. not clean anything.
</dd>
<dt><b>int cfa_clean; float lclean,cclean;</b></dt>
<dd>
Reduce impulse noise and Gaussian high frequency.
<br/>
cfa_clean: positive value turns the feature on (default: off).
<br/>
lclean,cclean - amount of noise reduction for (L)uminance and (C)olor. Useable range from 0.005 to 0.05,
common value 0.01
</dd>
<dt><b>int cfa_green; float green_thresh;</b></dt>
<dd>
Reduces maze artifacts produced by bad balance of green channels.
<br/>
cfa_green: positive value turns the feature on (default: off).
<br/>
green_thresh - max difference between channels allowed for equalization. Useful range between 0.01 and 0.1.
</dd>
<dt><b>int exp_correc; float exp_shift,exp_preser;</b></dt>
<dd>
Exposure correction before demosaic.
<br/>
<ul>
<li>exp_correc: positive value turns the feature on (default: off).</li>
<li>exp_shift: exposure shift in linear scale. Usable range from 0.25 (2-stop darken) to
8.0 (3-stop lighter). Default: 1.0 (no exposure shift).</li>
<li>exp_preser: preserve highlights when lighten the image. Usable range from 0.0 (no preservation) to 1.0
(full preservation). 0.0 is the default value.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="libraw_decoder_info_t"></a>
<h3>Structure libraw_decoder_info_t: RAW decoder name and data format</h3>
<p>
This structure describes RAW format decoder name and data format:
</P>
<dl>
<dt>const char *decoder_name</dt>
<dd>Decoder function name</dd>
<dt>unsigned decoder_flags</dt>
<dd>Decoder data format. See <a href="#decoder_flags">list of LibRaw_decoder_flags</a> for details.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="libraw_processed_image_t"></a>
<h3>Stucture libraw_processed_image_t - result set for dcraw_make_mem_image()/dcraw_make_mem_thumb() functions</h3>
<p>Structure libraw_processed_image_t is produced by call of dcraw_make_mem_image()/dcraw_make_mem_thumb() and contains
in-memory image of interpolated data or thumbnail.<br/>
Data fields:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LibRaw_image_formats type</b></dt>
<dd> This field records type of data, containing in remaining fields of structure.
<ul>
<li><b>LIBRAW_IMAGE_BITMAP</b> - structure contains RGB bitmap. All metadata fields (see below) are valid
and describes image data.
<li><b>LIBRAW_IMAGE_JPEG</b> - structure contain in-memory image of JPEG file. Only type, data_size and
data fields are valid (and nonzero);
</ul>
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort height,width</b></dt>
<dd> Image size (in pixels). Valid only if type==LIBRAW_IMAGE_BITMAP.</dd>
<dt><b>ushort colors, bits</b></dt>
<dd> Number of colors components (1 or 3) and color depth in bits (8 or 16). These fields are valid only if
type==LIBRAW_IMAGE_BITMAP.
</dd>
<dt><b>ushort gamma_corrected</b></dt>
<dd> Is bitmap data gamma-corrected (always 1 for 8-bit data, may be 0 or 1 for 16-bit).
Valid only if type==LIBRAW_IMAGE_BITMAP.</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned int data_size</b></dt>
<dd> Size of <b>data</b> field (in bytes). For bitmap image equal to (height*width*colors * (bits/8)).
For JPEG image - exact JPEG size (i.e. extracted thnumbnail size + JPEG header + EXIF header).
</dd>
<dt><b>unsigned char data[]</b></dt>
<dd> Data array itself. Should be interpreted as RGB triplets for bitmap type and as JPEG file for JPEG type.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="datastream"></a>
<h2>Input abstraction layer</h2>
<p>
RAW data input (read) in LibRaw implemented by calling methods of object derived from
<b>LibRaw_abstract_datastream</b> abstract class. Full list of methods is described in
href="API-CXX-eng.html#datastream">C++ API reference</a>.
</p>
<p>
There is two ready to use implementations of datastream objects:
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="API-CXX-eng.html#file_datastream">LibRaw_file_datastream</a> - file input (filename provided
to LibRaw).</li>
<li><a href="API-CXX-eng.html#buffer_datastream">LibRaw_buffer_datastream</a> - input from memory buffer.</li>
</ul>
<p>
LibRaw user can create own datastream object derived from
<a href="API-CXX-eng.html#datastream">LibRaw_abstract_datastream</a>. For example, such object may
implement reading RAW data directly from camera (by remote interface). LibRaw can use these
objects via
<a href="API-CXX-eng.html#open_datastream">LibRaw::open_datastream()</a> interface.
</p>
<p>
Datastreams can be used either via
<a href="API-CXX-eng.html#open_datastream">LibRaw::open_datastream()</a> call (in this case datastream
object should be created an maintained by user) or via
<a href="API-CXX-eng.html#open_file">LibRaw::open_file()</a> and
<a href="API-CXX-eng.html#open_buffer">LibRaw::open_buffer()</a> shortcuts.
</p>
<p>
Only <a href="API-CXX-eng.html">C++ API</a> users may use object-oriented interface and
implement own input interfaces. For <a href="API-C-eng.html">C API</a> users only
built-on <b>libraw_open_file()/libraw_open_buffer()</b> shortcuts are avaliable.
</p>
<a name="datastream_data"></a>
<h3>Data fields</h3>
<p>Definition:</p>
<pre>
class LibRaw_abstract_datastream {
...
protected:
LibRaw_abstract_datastream *substream;
}
</pre>
<p><b>Description:</b>
Ojects derived from LibRaw_abstract_datastream always contains pointer to secondary data stream
(substream). This substream initialized internally when needed (really used only for Sony RAW data) and
used for temporary switch input stream to temporary memory buffer allocated internally in LibRaw.
</p>
<p>
Substream usage details described more precisely in
<a href="API-CXX-eng.html#own_datastreams">own datastream objects creation guide</a>.
</p>
<a name="const"></a>
<h2>Constants</h2>
<a name=LibRaw_errors></a>
<h3>enum LibRaw_errors: Error Codes</h3>
<p>All functions returning integer numbers must return either errno or one of the following error codes (see also <a
href="API-notes-eng.html#errors">error code conventions</a>).</p>
<p><b>Fatal errors</b> (return of such an error code implies that file processing has to be terminated, since
the state of data structures is unknown).</p>
<dl>
<dt><b> LIBRAW_UNSUFFICIENT_MEMORY</b></dt>
<dd>Attempt to get memory from the system has failed.<br/>
All allocated resources will be freed, <a href="API-CXX-eng.html#recycle">recycle()</a> will be called, and the LibRaw
object will be brought to the state "right after creation."
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_DATA_ERROR</b></dt>
<dd>A fatal error emerged during data unpacking.<br/>
All allocated resources will be freed, <a href="API-CXX-eng.html#recycle">recycle()</a> will be called, and the LibRaw
object will be brought to the state "right after creation."
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_IO_ERROR</b></dt>
<dd>A fatal error emerged during file reading (premature end-of-file encountered or file is corrupt).<br/>
All allocated resources will be freed, <a href="API-CXX-eng.html#recycle">recycle()</a> will be called, and the LibRaw
object will be brought to the state "right after creation."
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_CANCELLED_BY_CALLBACK</b></dt>
<dd>Processing cancelled due to calling application demand (by returning nonzero code from
<a href=API-CXX-eng.html#progress">progress callback</a>).<br/>
All allocated resources will be freed, <a href="API-CXX-eng.html#recycle">recycle()</a> will be called, and
the LibRaw object will be brought to the state "right after creation."
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_BAD_CROP</b></dt>
<dd>The incorrect cropping coordinates are set via params.cropbox[]: the left-top corner of cropping
rectangle is outside the image.
The processing will be cancelled, all allocated resources will be freed, <a
href="API-CXX-eng.html#recycle">recycle()</a> will be called, and the LibRaw object will be brought to the
state "right after creation."
</dl>
<p><b>Non-Fatal Errors</b></p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_SUCCESS=0</b></dt>
<dd>No error; function terminated successfully.</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_UNSPECIFIED_ERROR</b></dt>
<dd>An unknown error has been encountered. This code should never be generated.</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_FILE_UNSUPPORTED</b></dt>
<dd>Unsupported file format (attempt to open a RAW file with a format unknown to the program).</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_REQUEST_FOR_NONEXISTENT_IMAGE</b></dt>
<dd>Attempt to retrieve a RAW image with a number absent in the data file (only for formats supporting storage
of several images in a file).</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_OUT_OF_ORDER_CALL</b></dt>
<dd>API functions have been called in wrong order (e.g., <a href="API-CXX-eng.html#unpack">unpack()</a> before
<a href="API-CXX-eng.html#open_file">open_file()</a>) or the previous stage has ended with an error (e.g.,
<a href="API-CXX-eng.html#unpack">unpack()</a> is called after <a
href="API-CXX-eng.html#open_file">open_file()</a> has returned an error).
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_NO_THUMBNAIL</b></dt>
<dd>Returned upon an attempt to retrieve a thumbnail from a file containing no preview.</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_UNSUPPORTED_THUMBNAIL</b></dt>
<dd>RAW file contains a preview of unsupported format.</dd>
</dl>
<a name="decoder_flags"></a>
<h3>enum LibRaw_decoder_flags - RAW data format description</h3>
<p>
Depending of capabilities of given data format, the buffer with RAW data may have different layouts:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_DECODER_FLATFIELD</b></dt>
<dd>
"Flat" buffer with one 16-bit value per pixel. This format is used for all bayer-pattern sensors.
Masked pixels (black frame) are included into buffer, so buffer size is [raw_width*raw_height].
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_DECODER_4COMPONENT</b></dt>
<dd>
This buffer format is used for full-color RAW data: Foveon, Canon sRAW, demosaiced DNG files, some
multi-shot medium format backs. The picture frame (masked pixels) are stored with image data.
Four 16-bit values are allocated for each pixel.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_DECODER_LEGACY</b></dt>
<dd>
Same as LIBRAW_DECODER_4COMPONENT, but without masked pixels data. Buffer size is [width*height*4] 16-bit
values.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_DECODER_HASCURVE</b></dt>
<dd>This flag is set if decoder uses RAW tone curve and curve data may be modified before call
to decoder (i.e. curve values are not read or calculated within decoder).
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="progress"></a>
<h3>enum LibRaw_progress: Current State of LibRaw Object</h3>
<p>LibRaw::imgdata.progress_flags contains a bit mask describing all stages of file processing that have already been performed.
</p>
<p><b>File opening and RAW data extraction phase.</b></p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_START=0</b></dt>
<dd>
Object just created, no processing carried out.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_OPEN</b></dt>
<dd>
File to be processed has been opened.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_IDENTIFY</b></dt>
<dd>
Data identification performed, format recognized, metadata extracted.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_SIZE_ADJUST</b></dt>
<dd>
Data sizes adjusted (for files that require such adjustment, namely, certain files from Kodak cameras).
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_LOAD_RAW</b></dt>
<dd>
RAW data loaded.
</dd>
</dl>
<p><b>The following flags are set during usage of image processing that has been taken from dcraw.</b></p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_REMOVE_ZEROES</b></dt>
<dd>
Zero values removed for cameras that require such removal (Panasonic cameras).
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_BAD_PIXELS</b></dt>
<dd>
Bad (dead) pixels removed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_DARK_FRAME</b></dt>
<dd>
Dark frame subtracted from RAW data.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_FOVEON_INTERPOLATE</b></dt>
<dd>
Interpolation for cameras with a Foveon sensor performed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_SCALE_COLORS</b></dt>
<dd>
White balance performed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_PRE_INTERPOLATE</b></dt>
<dd>
Image size reduction (for the half_size mode) performed, as well as copying of 2nd green channel to the 1st one in points
where the second channel is present and the first one is absent.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_INTERPOLATE</b></dt>
<dd>
Interpolation (debayer) performed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_MIX_GREEN</b></dt>
<dd>
Averaging of green channels performed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_MEDIAN_FILTER</b></dt>
<dd>
Median filtration performed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_HIGHLIGHTS</b></dt>
<dd>
Work with highlights performed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_FUJI_ROTATE</b></dt>
<dd>
For images from Fuji cameras, rotation performed (or adjust_sizes_info_only() called).
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_FLIP</b></dt>
<dd>
Dimensions recalculated for images shot with a rotated camera (sizes.iwidth/sizes.iheight swapped).
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_CONVERT_RGB</b></dt>
<dd>
Conversion into output RGB space performed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_STRETCH</b></dt>
<dd>
Image dimensions changed for cameras with non-square pixels.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_STAGE17 - LIBRAW_PROGRESS_STAGE27</b></dt>
<dd>
Reserved for possible appearance of other processing stages.
</dd>
</dl>
<p><b>The following flags are set during loading of thumbnails.</b></p>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_THUMB_LOAD</b></dt>
<dd>
Thumbnail data have been loaded (for Kodak cameras, the necessary conversions have also been made).
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_PROGRESS_TRESERVED1 - LIBRAW_PROGRESS_TRESERVED3</b></dt>
<dd>
Reserved for possible future processing stages.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="LibRaw_thumbnail_formats"></a>
<h3>enum LibRaw_thumbnail_formats: Thumbnail Data Formats</h3>
<p>Thumbnail data format is written in the imgdata.thumbnail.tformat data field.<br/>
Presently LibRaw knows about four thumbnail formats, among which two are unpacked:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_THUMBNAIL_UNKNOWN</b></dt>
<dd>Format unknown or thumbnail not yet read.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_THUMBNAIL_JPEG</b></dt>
<dd>The thumbnail buffer contains a JPEG file (read from the RAW file "as is," without any manipulations performed on it).
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_THUMBNAIL_BITMAP</b></dt>
<dd>
The thumbnail buffer contains the gamma-adjusted RGB bitmap (for Kodak cameras, the gamma correction is performed with allowance
for maximum values and the white balance is set in accordance with the camera settings).<br/>
In this format, each pixel of the image is represented by a 8-bit RGB triplet.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_THUMBNAIL_LAYER</b></dt>
<dd>
Data format is presently recognized upon opening of RAW file but not supported: not unpacked into LibRaw::unpack_thumb.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_THUMBNAIL_ROLLEI</b></dt>
<dd>
Data format is presently recognized upon opening of RAW file but not supported: not unpacked into LibRaw::unpack_thumb.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="warnings"></a>
<h3>Nonstandard Situations (Warnings) during RAW Data Processing</h3>
<p>Some suspicious situations emerging during image processing are not fatal but may affect the result of data
retrieval or postprocessing. Such states are indicated by setting a bit in the imgdata.process_warnings field.</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_FOVEON_NOMATRIX</b></dt>
<dd>
Only for cameras with Foveon: extraction of one of data matrices has failed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_FOVEON_INVALIDWB</b></dt>
<dd>
Only for cameras with Foveon: extraction of white balance data has failed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_BAD_CAMERA_WB</b></dt>
<dd>
Postprocessing must use white balance of the camera but this balance is not suitable for use.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_NO_METADATA</b></dt>
<dd>
Only for cameras where the metadata are taken from an external JPEG file: metadata extraction has failed.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_NO_JPEGLIB</b></dt>
<dd>
Only for P&S Kodak cameras: data in JPEG format. At the same time, open_file() will return LIBRAW_FILE_UNSUPPORTED.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_NO_EMBEDDED_PROFILE</b></dt>
<dd>
(only if LCMS support compiled in).
Caller set embedded input profile use, but no such profile exists in RAW.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_NO_INPUT_PROFILE</b></dt>
<dd>
(only if LCMS support compiled in).
Error when opening input profile ICC file.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_BAD_OUTPUT_PROFILE</b></dt>
<dd>
(only if LCMS support compiled in).
Error when opening output profile ICC file.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_NO_BADPIXELMAP</b></dt>
<dd>
Error when opening bad pixels map file.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_BAD_DARKFRAME_FILE</b></dt>
<dd>
Error when opening dark frame file.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_WARN_BAD_DARKFRAME_DIM</b></dt>
<dd>
Dark frame file either differs in dimensions from RAW-file processed, or have wrong format.
Dark frame should be in 16-bit PGM format (one can generate it using simple_dcraw -4 -D).
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="LibRaw_colorstate"></a>
<h3>enum LibRaw_colorstate: Types of Color Data Source</h3>
<p>For each type of retrieved color information (see above for description of structure imgdata.color.color_flags), the
data source is recorded. The possible values are listed below.
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_COLORSTATE_UNKNOWN</b></dt>
<dd>
Data source unknown.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_COLORSTATE_INIT</b></dt>
<dd>
Data field initialized by default (the same value for all cameras) before opening the RAW file.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_COLORSTATE_CONST</b></dt>
<dd>
Data source is a hardcoded constant.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_COLORSTATE_LOADED</b></dt>
<dd>
Data loaded from RAW file.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_COLORSTATE_CALCULATED</b></dt>
<dd>
Data calculated on the basis of RAW data.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_COLORSTATE_RESERVED1-LIBRAW_COLORSTATE_RESERVED3</b></dt>
<dd>
Reserved.
</dd>
</dl>
<a name="LibRaw_image_formats"></a>
<h3>enum LibRaw_image_formats - possible types of data, contains in libraw_processed_image_t structure</h3>
<p><b>type</b> field of libraw_processed_image_t structure may have one of these values:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_IMAGE_BITMAP</b></dt>
<dd>
The structure contains RGB-bitmap, metadata described in other fields of libraw_processed_image_t.
</dd>
<dt><b>LIBRAW_IMAGE_JPEG</b></dt>
<dd>
libraw_processed_image_t structure contains JPEG image (in memory). Only data_size field is meaningful.
</dd>
</dl>
<a href=index-eng.html>[back to Index]</a>
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<address><a href="mailto:info@libraw.org">LibRaw Team</a></address>
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