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|
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<title>RMagick 2.13.1: class Image (instance methods e-o)</title>
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<body>
<h6 id="header">RMagick 2.13.1 User's Guide and Reference</h6>
<div class="nav">
« <a href="image1.html">Prev</a> | <a href=
"index.html">Contents</a> | <a href=
"image3.html">Next</a> »
</div>
<h1>class Image <span class="superclass">< Object</span>
(instance methods e-o)<br />
<span class="mixin">mixes in Comparable</span></h1>
<div id="toc">
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<h3>instance methods</h3>
<div>
<div class="toccol">
<ul>
<li><a href=
"#each_iptc_dataset">each_iptc_dataset</a></li>
<li><a href="#each_pixel">each_pixel</a></li>
<li><a href="#each_profile">each_profile</a></li>
<li><a href="#edge">edge</a></li>
<li><a href="#emboss">emboss</a></li>
<li><a href="#encipher">encipher</a></li>
<li><a href="#enhance">enhance</a></li>
<li><a href="#equalize">equalize</a></li>
<li><a href="#equalize_channel">equalize_channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#erase_bang">erase!</a></li>
<li><a href="#excerpt">excerpt</a></li>
<li><a href="#excerpt_bang">excerpt!</a></li>
<li><a href="#export_pixels">export_pixels</a></li>
<li><a href=
"#export_pixels_to_str">export_pixels_to_str</a></li>
<li><a href="#extent">extent</a></li>
<li><a href=
"#find_similar_region">find_similar_region</a></li>
<li><a href="#flip">flip</a></li>
<li><a href="#flip_bang">flip!</a></li>
<li><a href="#flop">flop</a></li>
<li><a href="#flop_bang">flop!</a></li>
<li><a href="#frame">frame</a></li>
<li><a href="#freeze">freeze</a></li>
<li><a href="#function_channel">function_channel</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="toccol">
<ul>
<li><a href="#gamma_channel">gamma_channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#gamma_correct">gamma_correct</a></li>
<li><a href="#gaussian_blur">gaussian_blur</a></li>
<li><a href=
"#gaussian_blur_channel">gaussian_blur_channel</a></li>
<li><a href=
"#get_exif_by_entry">get_exif_by_entry</a></li>
<li><a href=
"#get_exif_by_number">get_exif_by_number</a></li>
<li><a href="#get_iptc_dataset">get_iptc_dataset</a></li>
<li><a href="#get_pixels">get_pixels</a></li>
<li><a href="#gray_q">gray?</a></li>
<li><a href="#grey_q">grey?</a></li>
<li><a href="#histogram_q">histogram?</a></li>
<li><a href="#implode">implode</a></li>
<li><a href="#import_pixels">import_pixels</a></li>
<li><a href="#inspect">inspect</a></li>
<li><a href="#level">level</a></li>
<li><a href="#level_channel">level_channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#level_colors">level_colors</a></li>
<li><a href="#levelize_channel">levelize_channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#linear_stretch">linear_stretch</a></li>
<li><a href="#liquid_rescale">liquid_rescale</a></li>
<li><a href="#magnify">magnify</a></li>
<li><a href="#magnify_bang">magnify!</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="toccol">
<ul>
<li><a href="#mask">mask</a></li>
<li><a href="#map">map</a></li>
<li><a href=
"#matte_fill_to_border">matte_fill_to_border</a></li>
<li><a href="#matte_floodfill">matte_floodfill</a></li>
<li><a href="#matte_point">matte_point</a></li>
<li><a href="#matte_replace">matte_replace</a></li>
<li><a href="#matte_reset_bang">matte_reset!</a></li>
<li><a href="#median_filter">median_filter</a></li>
<li><a href="#minify">minify</a></li>
<li><a href="#minify_bang">minify!</a></li>
<li><a href="#modulate">modulate</a></li>
<li><a href="#monochrome_q">monochrome?</a></li>
<li><a href="#motion_blur">motion_blur</a></li>
<li><a href="#negate">negate</a></li>
<li><a href="#negate_channel">negate_channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#normalize">normalize</a></li>
<li><a href=
"#normalize_channel">normalize_channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#oil_paint">oil_paint</a></li>
<li><a href="#opaque">opaque</a></li>
<li><a href="#opaque_channel">opaque_channel</a></li>
<li><a href="#opaque_q">opaque?</a></li>
<li><a href="#ordered_dither">ordered_dither</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="methods">instance methods</h2>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="each_iptc_dataset">each_iptc_dataset</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.each_iptc_dataset {
|<span class="arg">dataset</span>, <span class=
"arg">data_field</span>| <span class="arg">block</span>} ->
<code>nil</code></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Iterates over the IPTC DataSet constants in Magick::IPTC. If
the image's IPTC profile has the DataSet and the data field has
non-0 length, yields to the block. The IPTC DataSet constants
are listed <a href="image2.html#get_iptc_dataset">here</a>.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>The block arguments are:</p>
<dl>
<dt>dataset</dt>
<dd>The DataSet name</dd>
<dt>data_field</dt>
<dd>The data field</dd>
</dl>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href=
"image2.html#get_iptc_dataset">get_iptc_dataset</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="each_pixel">each_pixel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.each_pixel {|<span class=
"arg">pixel</span>, <span class="arg">c</span>, <span class=
"arg">r</span>| <span class="arg">block</span> } ->
<em>self</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Calls <span class="arg">block</span> with 3 arguments, a
<span class="arg">pixel</span> from <span class=
"arg">img</span>, its column number <span class="arg">c</span>,
and its row number <span class="arg">r</span>, for all the
pixels in the image. The pixels are enumerated from
top-to-bottom and left-to-right.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>self</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image2.html#get_pixels">get_pixels</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="each_profile">each_profile</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.each_profile {|<span class=
"arg">name</span>, <span class="arg">value</span>| <span class=
"arg">block</span>} -> <em>???</em> (see Returns)</p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>Calls <span class="arg">block</span> once
for each profile in the image, passing the profile name and
value as parameters.
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>the last value returned by the block</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p>The <a href=
"imageattrs.html#color_profile">color_profile</a> and <a href=
"imageattrs.html#iptc_profile">iptc_profile</a> attributes
return the ICC and IPTC profiles, respectively.</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>GetNextImageProfile</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="edge">edge</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.edge(<span class=
"arg">radius</span>=0.0) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>Finds edges in the image.
<h4>Arguments</h4>The radius of the convolution filter. If the
radius is 0, <code>edge</code> selects a suitable default.
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('edge.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/edge.jpg'" src="ex/edge.jpg" alt="edge example"
title="Click the image to see the example script" /></a>
<img src="ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>EdgeImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="emboss">emboss</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.emboss(<span class=
"arg">radius</span>=0.0, <span class="arg">sigma</span>=1.0)
-> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>Adds a 3-dimensional effect.
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>radius</dt>
<dd>The radius of the Gaussian operator.</dd>
<dt>sigma</dt>
<dd>The sigma (standard deviation) of the Gaussian operator.
This value cannot be 0.0.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('emboss.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/emboss.jpg'" src="ex/emboss.jpg" alt=
"emboss example" title=
"Click the image to see the example script" /></a><img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>EmbossImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="encipher">encipher</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.encipher(<span class=
"arg">passphrase</span>) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Encipher an image.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>The passphrase.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
enciphered_img = img.encipher("magic word")
</pre>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>EncipherImage</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#decipher">decipher</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="enhance">enhance</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.enhance ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Applies a digital filter that improves the
quality of a noisy image.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>The left-hand side has had noise added by <code><a href=
"#add_noise">add_noise</a></code>. The right-hand side is the
result after using <code>enhance</code>.</p>
<p><a href="javascript:popup('enhance.rb.html')"><img src=
"ex/enhance.jpg" alt="enhance example" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image2.html#median_filter">median_filter</a>,
<a href="image3.html#reduce_noise">reduce_noise</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#unsharp_mask">unsharp_mask</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>EnhanceImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="equalize">equalize</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.equalize ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Applies a histogram equalization to the
image.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('equalize.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/equalize.jpg'" src="ex/equalize.jpg" alt=
"equalize example" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>EqualizeImage</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#equalize_channel">equalize_channel</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="equalize_channel">equalize_chanel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.equalize_channel(<span class=
"arg">[channel...]</span>) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p><span class="imquote">Applies a histogram equalization to
the image.</span> Only the specified channels are
equalized.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>channel...</dt>
<dd>0 or more <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a> arguments. If no
channels are specified, all the channels are normalized.
Specifying no channel arguments has the same effect as the
equalize method, above.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>EqualizeImageChannel</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#equalize">equalize</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="erase_bang">erase!</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.erase! -> <em>self</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Sets the entire image to the <a href=
"imageattrs.html#background_color">background color</a>.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>self
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#color_reset_bang">color_reset!</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>SetImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="excerpt">excerpt</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.excerpt(<span class=
"arg">x</span>, <span class="arg">y</span>, <span class=
"arg">width</span>, <span class="arg">height</span>) ->
image</p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>This method is very similar to <a href=
"image1.html#crop">crop</a>. It extracts the rectangle
specified by its arguments from the image and returns it as a
new image. However, excerpt <span class="imquote">does not
respect the virtual page offset and does not update the page
offset and is more efficient than cropping.</span></p>
<p>It is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the
rectangle lies entirely within the original image.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>x, y</dt>
<dd>The position of the upper-left corner of the excerpted
rectangle.</dd>
<dt>width, height</dt>
<dd>The width and height of the excerpted rectangle. The
resulting image will always be <span class=
"arg">width</span>x<span class="arg">height</span> in
size.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See Also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#crop">crop</a>, <a href=
"#excerpt_bang">excerpt!</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>ExcerptImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="excerpt_bang">excerpt!</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.excerpt!(<span class=
"arg">x</span>, <span class="arg">y</span>, <span class=
"arg">width</span>, <span class="arg">height</span>) ->
<span class="arg">img</span></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>In-place form of <a href="#excerpt">excerpt</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="export_pixels">export_pixels</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.export_pixels(<span class=
"arg">x</span>=0, <span class="arg">y</span>=0, <span class=
"arg">columns</span>=<span class="arg">img</span>.columns,
<span class="arg">rows</span>=<span class=
"arg">img</span>.rows, <span class="arg">map</span>="RGB")
-> <em>array</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Extracts the pixel data from the specified rectangle and
returns it as an array of <code>Integer</code> values.</p>
<p>The array returned by <code>export_pixels</code> is suitable
for use as an argument to <code>import_pixels</code>.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>x, y</dt>
<dd>The offset of the rectangle from the upper-left corner of
the image.</dd>
<dt>columns, rows</dt>
<dd>The width and height of the rectangle.</dd>
<dt>map</dt>
<dd>A string that describes which pixel channel data is
desired and the order in which it should be stored.
<span class="imquote">It can be any combination or order of R
= red, G = green, B = blue, A = alpha, C = cyan, Y = yellow,
M = magenta, K = black, I = intensity (for grayscale), or P =
pad.</span></dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>An array
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
# Export the r'th scanline from an image in red-green-blue order
scanline = img.export_pixels(0, r, img.columns, 1, "RGB");
</pre>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#dispatch">dispatch</a>, <a href=
"#export_pixels_to_str">export_pixels_to_str</a>, <a href=
"#import_pixels">import_pixels</a>, <a href=
"#get_pixels">get_pixels</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>ExportImagePixels</p>
<h4>Note</h4>
<p>This method replaces the <code>dispatch</code> method.</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="export_pixels_to_str">export_pixels_to_str</h3>
<p><span class=
"arg">img</span>.export_pixels_to_str(<span class=
"arg">x</span>=0, <span class="arg">y</span>=0, <span class=
"arg">columns</span>=<span class="arg">img</span>.columns,
<span class="arg">rows</span>=<span class=
"arg">img</span>.rows, <span class="arg">map</span>="RGB",
<span class="arg">type</span>=<code>CharPixel</code>) ->
<em>string</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Extracts the pixel data from the specified rectangle and
returns it as a string. If you need to get the pixel data in a
memory buffer (as input to another application, for example),
this method is much, much faster than <a href=
"#export_pixels">export_pixels</a> or <a href=
"#get_pixels">get_pixels</a>.</p>
<p>The string returned by <code>export_pixels_to_str</code> is
suitable for use as an argument to
<code>import_pixels</code>.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> You can also use <a href=
"image3.html#to_blob">to_blob</a> to convert an image into a
string.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>x, y</dt>
<dd>The offset of the rectangle from the upper-left corner of
the image.</dd>
<dt>columns, rows</dt>
<dd>The width and height of the rectangle.</dd>
<dt>map</dt>
<dd>A string that describes which pixel channel data is
desired and the order in which it should be stored.
<span class="imquote">It can be any combination or order of R
= red, G = green, B = blue, A = alpha, C = cyan, Y = yellow,
M = magenta, K = black, I = intensity (for grayscale), or P =
pad.</span></dd>
<dt>type</dt>
<dd>A <a href="constants.html#StorageType">StorageType</a>
value that specifies the C datatype to which the pixel data
will be converted. The default is <code>CharPixel</code>,
which means that the pixel values will be stored as C
<code>unsigned char</code>s.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>a string</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#dispatch">dispatch</a>, <a href=
"#export_pixels">export_pixels</a>, <a href=
"#import_pixels">import_pixels</a>, <a href=
"#get_pixels">get_pixels</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>ExportImagePixels</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="extent">extent</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.extent(<span class=
"arg">width</span>, <span class="arg">height</span>,
<span class="arg">x</span>=0, <span class="arg">y</span>=0)
-> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>If <span class="arg">width</span> or <span class=
"arg">height</span> is greater than the target image's width or
height, extends the width and height of the target image to the
specified values. The new pixels are set to the background
color. If <span class="arg">width</span> or <span class=
"arg">height</span> is less than the target image's width or
height, crops the target image.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>width</dt>
<dd>The width of the new image</dd>
<dt>height</dt>
<dd>The height of the new image</dd>
<dt>x, y</dt>
<dd>The upper-left corner of the new image is positioned at
-<span class="arg">x</span>, -<span class=
"arg">y</span>.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Notes</h4>
<p>The new image is composed over the background using the
composite operator specified by target image's <a href=
"imageattrs.html#compose">compose</a> attribute.</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>ExtentImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="find_similar_region">find_similar_region</h3>
<p><span class=
"arg">img</span>.find_similar_region(<span class="arg">target</span>,
<span class="arg">x</span>=0, <span class="arg">y</span>=0)
-> <em>[rx, ry]</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>This interesting method searches for a rectangle in the
image that is <em>similar</em> to the target. For the rectangle
to be <em>similar</em> each pixel in the rectangle must match
the corresponding pixel in the target image within the range
specified by the <code>fuzz</code> attributes of the image and
the target image.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>target</dt>
<dd>An image that forms the target of the search. This image
can be any size.</dd>
<dt>x, y</dt>
<dd>The starting <em>x-</em> and <em>y-</em>offsets for the
search. If omitted both <span class="arg">x</span> and
<span class="arg">y</span> default to 0.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>If the search succeeds, the return value is an array with 2
elements. These elements are the <em>x-</em> and
<em>y-</em>offsets of the matching rectangle. If the search
fails the return value is <code>nil</code>.</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>IsImageSimilar</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="flip">flip</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.flip -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Create a vertical mirror image of the receiver.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('flip.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/flip.jpg'" src="ex/flip.jpg" alt="flip example"
title="Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#affine_transform">affine_transform</a>,
<a href="#flip_bang">flip!</a>, <a href="#flop">flop</a>,
<a href="image3.html#rotate">rotate</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#transpose">transpose</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#transverse">transverse</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>FlipImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="flip_bang">flip!</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.flip! -> <em>self</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>In-place form of <a href="#flip">flip</a>.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>self</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="flop">flop</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.flop -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Create a horizontal mirror image of the receiver.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('flop.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/flop.jpg'" src="ex/flop.jpg" alt="flop example"
title="Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#affine_transform">affine_transform</a>,
<a href="#flip">flip</a>, <a href="#flop_bang">flop!</a>,
<a href="image3.html#rotate">rotate</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#transpose">transpose</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#transverse">transverse</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>FlopImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="flop_bang">flop!</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.flop! -> <em>self</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>In-place form of <a href="#flop">flop</a>.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>self</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="frame">frame</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.frame(<span class=
"arg">width</span>=25, <span class="arg">height</span>=25,
<span class="arg">x</span>=25, <span class="arg">y</span>=25,
<span class="arg">inner_bevel</span>=6, <span class=
"arg">outer_bevel</span>=6, <span class=
"arg">color</span>=<code><a href=
"imageattrs.html#matte_color">matte_color</a></code>) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Adds a simulated 3D border.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>width</dt>
<dd>The width of the left and right sides.</dd>
<dt>height</dt>
<dd>The height of the top and bottom sides.</dd>
<dt>x, y</dt>
<dd>The image does not have to be centered in the border.
These two arguments specify the offset of the image from the
upper-left outside corner of the border.</dd>
<dt>inner_bevel, outer_bevel</dt>
<dd>The width of the inner and outer shadows of the border.
These values should be much smaller than the width and height
and cannot be greater than 1/2 the lesser of the width or
height.</dd>
<dt>color</dt>
<dd>The border color. By default the color is the <a href=
"imageattrs.html#matte_color">matte color</a>.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('frame.rb.html')">
<!-- This img tag displays the original image when moused over -->
<img style="padding:25px; display:none" id="frameless"
onmouseout="this.style.display='none';framed.style.display='';"
src="ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg" alt="frame example" title=
"Click to see the example script" />
<!-- This img tag displays the framed image when the mouse is not over -->
<img onmouseover=
"this.style.display='none';frameless.style.display='';" src=
"ex/frame.jpg" alt="frame example" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" style="margin-bottom: 280px" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#border">border</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>FrameImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="freeze">freeze</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.freeze -> <em>self</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Prevent further modifications to the image.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>self</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="function_channel">function_channel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.function_channel(<span class=
"arg">function</span> [, <span class=
"arg">parameters</span>...][, <span class=
"arg">channel</span>...]) -< <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p><span class="imquote">Apply a function to channel
values.</span> This method is equivalent to the <a href=
"http://www.imagemagick.org/script/command-line-options.php#function">
convert -function</a> option. See the ImageMagick documentation
for more information.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>function</dt>
<dd>
One of the following values.
<ul>
<li><code>PolynomialFunction</code></li>
<li><code>SinusoidFunction</code></li>
<li><code>ArcsinFunction</code></li>
<li><code>ArctanFunction</code></li>
</ul>Some of these values are not available in earlier
versions of ImageMagick. To find out which values are
available, enter the following statement in irb:
<pre>
Magick::MagickFunction.values {|value| p value}
</pre>
</dd>
<dt>parameters</dt>
<dd>One or more floating-point numbers. The number of
parameters depends on the function. See the ImageMagick
documentation for details.</dd>
<dt>channel...</dt>
<dd>0 or more <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a> arguments. If no
channels are specified, the red, green, and blue channels are
used.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
img2 = img.function_channel(Magick::PolynomialFunction,
-25, 53, -36, 8.3, 0.2)
</pre>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href=
"image3.html#quantum_operator">quantum_operator</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="gamma_channel">gamma_channel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.gamma_channel(<span class=
"arg">gamma</span>, [<span class="arg">channel</span>...]) =
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Gamma-correct a particular image channel.
The same image viewed on different devices will have perceptual
differences in the way the image's intensities are represented
on the screen.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>gamma</dt>
<dd class="imquote">Values typically range from 0.8 to 2.3.
You can also reduce the influence of a particular channel
with a gamma value of 0.</dd>
<dt>channel...</dt>
<dd>0 or more <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a> arguments. If no
channels are specified, all the channels are corrected using
the <span class="arg">gamma</span> value.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p>The older <a href="#gamma_correct">gamma_correct</a> method
is implemented in terms of <code>gamma_channel</code>.</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>GammaImageChannel</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="gamma_correct">gamma_correct</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.gamma_correct(<span class=
"arg">red_gamma</span>[,<span class="arg">green_gamma</span>[,
<span class="arg">blue_gamma</span>]]) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Gamma-correct an image. The same image viewed on different
devices will have perceptual differences in the way the image's
intensities are represented on the screen.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>You must specify at least <code>red_gamma</code>. Omitted
arguments take on the value of the last specified argument.
<span class="imquote">Values typically range from 0.8 to
2.3.</span></p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#gamma_channel">gamma_channel</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>GammaImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="gaussian_blur">gaussian_blur</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.gaussian_blur(<span class=
"arg">radius</span>=0.0, <span class="arg">sigma</span>=1.0)
-> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Blurs an image. We convolve the image with a
Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
(sigma).</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>radius</dt>
<dd>A <code>Float</code> value representing <span class=
"imquote">the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting
the center pixel.</span></dd>
<dt>sigma</dt>
<dd>A <code>Float</code> value representing the standard
deviation of the Gaussian operator, in pixels. This argument
must be > 0.0.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p><code>gaussian_blur(0.0, 3.0)</code></p>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('gaussian_blur.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/gaussian_blur.jpg'" src="ex/gaussian_blur.jpg"
alt="gaussian_blur example" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#blur_image">blur_image</a>, <a href=
"#motion_blur">motion_blur</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#radial_blur">radial_blur</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#selective_blur_channel">selective_blur_channel</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>GaussianBlurImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="gaussian_blur_channel">gaussian_blur_channel</h3>
<p><span class=
"arg">img</span>.gaussian_blur_channel(<span class=
"arg">radius</span>=0.0, <span class="arg">sigma</span>=1.0[,
<span class="arg">channel</span>...]) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Blurs the selected channel or channels using a Gaussian
operator of the specified radius and standard deviation.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>radius</dt>
<dd>A <code>Float</code> value representing <span class=
"imquote">the radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting
the center pixel.</span></dd>
<dt>sigma</dt>
<dd>A <code>Float</code> value representing the standard
deviation of the Gaussian operator, in pixels. This argument
must be > 0.0.</dd>
<dt>channel...</dt>
<dd>0 or more <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a> arguments. If no
channels are specified, all the channels are blurred. This is
the same as using <a href=
"#gaussian_blur">gaussian_blur</a>.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#blur_channel">blur_channel</a>,
<a href="#motion_blur">motion_blur</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#radial_blur">radial_blur</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#selective_blur_channel">selective_blur_channel</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>GaussianBlurImageChannel</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="get_exif_by_entry">get_exif_by_entry</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.get_exif_by_entry(<span class=
"arg">[name]*</span>) -> <em>array</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns the value associated with the specified EXIF entry
name or names. If no names are specified, returns all the
entries. The return value is an array containing one or more
[name, value] elements.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>Zero or more EXIF entry names.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>The elements in the returned array are 2-element arrays in
the form [name, value]. If ImageMagick does not know the name
for an entry it uses "unknown." There may be more than one
entry for "unknown" in the returned array. If there is no entry
with the specified name the value is set to
<code>nil</code>.</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
image.get_exif_by_entry('Make') » [["Make", "Canon"]]
image.get_exif_by_entry("ShutterSpeedValue") »
[["ShutterSpeedValue", "189/32"]]
image.get_exif_by_entry() »
[["Make", "Canon"], ["ShutterSpeedValue", "189/32"] ...]
</pre>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#get_exif_by_number">get_exif_by_number</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="get_exif_by_number">get_exif_by_number</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.get_exif_by_number(<span class=
"arg">[tag]*</span>) -> <em>hash</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns the value associated with the specified EXIF tag
number or numbers. If no numbers are specified, returns all the
tags. The return value is a hash. The hash keys are EXIF tag
numbers. The values are the values associated with the
tags.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>Zero or more EXIF tag numbers.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A hash. If there is no tag with the specified number the
value is set to <code>nil</code>.</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
image.get_exif_by_number(271) » {271=>"Canon"}
image.get_exif_by_number(37377) » {37377=>"189/32"}
image.get_exif_by_number() »
{271=>"Canon", 37377=>"189/32" ...}
</pre>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#get_exif_by_entry">get_exif_by_entry</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="get_iptc_dataset">get_iptc_dataset</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.get_iptc_dataset(<span class=
"arg">ds</span>) -> <em>string</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Retrieves the data field for the specified DataSet, or
<code>nil</code> if the DataSet is not used or the data field
has length 0.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>RMagick defines the following constants for use as arguments
to this method. All the constants are in the Magick::IPTC
namespace. Notice that some DataSets have two names.</p>
<table id="iptc" class="striped" summary=
"IPTC dataset constants">
<tr>
<th>Constant</th>
<th>Record:DataSet</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Model_Version</td>
<td class="ds">1:00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Destination</td>
<td class="ds">1:05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::UNO</td>
<td class="ds">1:100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Unique_Name_of_Object</td>
<td class="ds">1:100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::ARM_Identifier</td>
<td class="ds">1:120</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::ARM_Version</td>
<td class="ds">1:122</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::File_Format</td>
<td class="ds">1:20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::File_Format_Version</td>
<td class="ds">1:22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Service_Identifier</td>
<td class="ds">1:30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Envelope_Number</td>
<td class="ds">1:40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Product_ID</td>
<td class="ds">1:50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Envelope_Priority</td>
<td class="ds">1:60</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Date_Sent</td>
<td class="ds">1:70</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Time_Sent</td>
<td class="ds">1:80</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Envelope::Coded_Character_Set</td>
<td class="ds">1:90</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Object_Type_Reference</td>
<td class="ds">2:03</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Object_Name</td>
<td class="ds">2:05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Title</td>
<td class="ds">2:05</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Edit_Status</td>
<td class="ds">2:07</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Editorial_Update</td>
<td class="ds">2:08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Urgency</td>
<td class="ds">2:10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Country_Primary_Location_Code</td>
<td class="ds">2:100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Country_Primary_Location_Name</td>
<td class="ds">2:101</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Original_Transmission_Reference</td>
<td class="ds">2:103</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Headline</td>
<td class="ds">2:105</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Credit</td>
<td class="ds">2:110</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Source</td>
<td class="ds">2:115</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Copyright_Notice</td>
<td class="ds">2:116</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Contact</td>
<td class="ds">2:118</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Subject_Reference</td>
<td class="ds">2:12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Abstract</td>
<td class="ds">2:120</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Caption</td>
<td class="ds">2:120</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Caption_Writer</td>
<td class="ds">2:122</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Editor</td>
<td class="ds">2:122</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Rasterized_Caption</td>
<td class="ds">2:125</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Image_Type</td>
<td class="ds">2:130</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Image_Orientation</td>
<td class="ds">2:131</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Language_Identifier</td>
<td class="ds">2:135</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Category</td>
<td class="ds">2:15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Audio_Type</td>
<td class="ds">2:150</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Audio_Sampling_Rate</td>
<td class="ds">2:151</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Audio_Sampling_Resolution</td>
<td class="ds">2:152</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Audio_Duration</td>
<td class="ds">2:153</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Audio_Outcue</td>
<td class="ds">2:154</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Supplemental_Category</td>
<td class="ds">2:20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::ObjectData_Preview_File_Format</td>
<td class="ds">2:200</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Application::ObjectData_Preview_File_Format_Version</td>
<td class="ds">2:201</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::ObjectData_Preview_Data</td>
<td class="ds">2:202</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Fixture_Identifier</td>
<td class="ds">2:22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Keywords</td>
<td class="ds">2:25</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Content_Location_Code</td>
<td class="ds">2:26</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Content_Location_Name</td>
<td class="ds">2:27</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Release_Date</td>
<td class="ds">2:30</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Release_Time</td>
<td class="ds">2:35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Expiration_Time</td>
<td class="ds">2:35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Expiration_Date</td>
<td class="ds">2:37</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Special_Instructions</td>
<td class="ds">2:40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Action_Advised</td>
<td class="ds">2:42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Reference_Service</td>
<td class="ds">2:45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Reference_Date</td>
<td class="ds">2:47</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Reference_Number</td>
<td class="ds">2:50</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Date_Created</td>
<td class="ds">2:55</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Time_Created</td>
<td class="ds">2:60</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Digital_Creation_Date</td>
<td class="ds">2:62</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Digital_Creation_Time</td>
<td class="ds">2:63</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Originating_Program</td>
<td class="ds">2:65</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Program_Version</td>
<td class="ds">2:70</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Object_Cycle</td>
<td class="ds">2:75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Author</td>
<td class="ds">2:80</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::By_Line</td>
<td class="ds">2:80</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Author_Position</td>
<td class="ds">2:85</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::By_Line_Title</td>
<td class="ds">2:85</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::City</td>
<td class="ds">2:90</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Sub_Location</td>
<td class="ds">2:92</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::Province</td>
<td class="ds">2:95</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Application::State</td>
<td class="ds">2:95</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pre_ObjectData_Descriptor::Size_Mode</td>
<td class="ds">7:10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pre_ObjectData_Descriptor::Max_Subfile_Size</td>
<td class="ds">7:20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Pre_ObjectData_Descriptor::ObjectData_Size_Announced</td>
<td class="ds">7:90</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pre_ObjectData_Descriptor::Maximum_ObjectData_Size</td>
<td class="ds">7:95</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ObjectData::Subfile</td>
<td class="ds">8:10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Post_ObjectData_Descriptor::Confirmed_ObjectData_Size</td>
<td class="ds">9:10</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
img.get_iptc_dataset(Magick::IPTC::Application::Keywords)
</pre>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>The data field or nil</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href=
"image1.html#each_iptc_dataset">each_iptc_dataset</a>, <a href=
"imageattrs.html#iptc_profile">iptc_profile</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="get_pixels">get_pixels</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.get_pixels(<span class=
"arg">x</span>, <span class="arg">y</span>, <span class=
"arg">columns</span>, <span class="arg">rows</span>) ->
<em>array</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Gets the pixels from the specified rectangle within the
image.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>x, y</dt>
<dd>The x- and y-offset of the rectangle within the
image.</dd>
<dt>columns, rows</dt>
<dd>The width and height of the rectangle.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>An array of <a href="struct.html#Pixel">pixels</a>. There
will be <code>columns*rows</code> elements in the array.</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>This example <a href="image1.html#composite">composites</a>
a black-and-white version of an image over the same image in
its original colors. It uses <code>get_pixels</code> and
<a href="image3.html#store_pixels">store_pixels</a> to make
each column of pixels in the black-and-white image slightly
more opaque than the column on its left, so that the resulting
composite changes smoothly from color on the left to
black-and-white on the right.</p><!--
Reduce the size of the original image by specifying
the size of the example image.
-->
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('get_pixels.rb.html')"><img width="384"
height="249" onmouseover="this.src='ex/images/Red_Rocks.jpg'"
onmouseout="this.src='ex/get_pixels.jpg'" src=
"ex/get_pixels.jpg" title="Click to see the example script"
alt="get_pixels example" /></a> <img src="ex/images/spin.gif"
alt="" class="spin" style="left:388px" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image3.html#store_pixels">store_pixels</a>,
<a href="image3.html#view">view</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>AcquireImagePixels</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="gray_q">gray?</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.gray? -> <code>true</code>
or <code>false</code></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns <code>true</code> if all the pixels in the image
have the same red, green, and blue intensities.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p><code>true</code> or <code>false</code></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#monochrome_q">monochrome?</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>IsGrayImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="grey_q">grey?</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.grey? -> <code>true</code>
or <code>false</code></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Synonym for <a href="#gray_q">gray?</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="histogram_q">histogram?</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.histogram? ->
<code>true</code> or <code>false</code></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns <code>true</code> if the image has 1024 unique
colors or less.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p><code>true</code> or <code>false</code></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>IsHistogramImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="implode">implode</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.implode(<span class=
"arg">amount</span>=0.50) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>A funhouse mirror effect. See the example below.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>A <code>Float</code> value. Increasing the absolute value of
the argument increases the effect. The value may be positive
for implosion, or negative for explosion. The default is
0.50.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>This example is an animated image. Mouse over the image to
start the animation.</p>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('implode.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/implode.gif'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" src=
"ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg" alt="implode example" title=
"Click the image to see the example script" /></a><img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the animation" /></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>ImplodeImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="import_pixels">import_pixels</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.import_pixels(<span class=
"arg">x</span>, <span class="arg">y</span>, <span class=
"arg">columns</span>, <span class="arg">rows</span>,
<span class="arg">map</span>, <span class="arg">pixels</span>,
<span class="arg">type</span>=CharPixel) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Replaces the pixels in the specified rectangle with pixel
data from the supplied array or string. When the <span class=
"arg">pixels</span> argument is an array of pixel data, this
method is the reverse of <code>export_pixels</code>. When the
<span class="arg">pixels</span> argument is a string,
<code>import_pixels</code> is ideal for loading very large
amounts of binary pixel data.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>x, y</dt>
<dd>The offset of the rectangle from the upper-left corner of
the image</dd>
<dt>columns, rows</dt>
<dd>The width and height of the rectangle</dd>
<dt>map</dt>
<dd>A string describing <span class="imquote">the expected
ordering of the pixel array. It can be any combination or
order of R = red, G = green, B = blue, A = alpha, C = cyan, Y
= yellow, M = magenta, K = black, or I = intensity (for
grayscale).</span></dd>
<dt>pixels</dt>
<dd>
The pixel data. Pixel data can be supplied as an array or
as a string.
<dl>
<dt>If <span class="arg">pixels</span> responds to
<code>:to_str</code></dt>
<dd><code>import_pixels</code> assumes that <span class=
"arg">pixels</span> can be converted to a string by
<code>to_str</code> and that the result is a C array of
the type specified by <span class="arg">type</span>
containing binary pixel data in the order specified by
<span class="arg">map</span>. The elements in the buffer
must be in the range specified by <span class=
"arg">type</span>.</dd>
<dt>Otherwise</dt>
<dd><code>import_pixels</code> assumes that <span class=
"arg">pixels</span> is an array or an object that can be
converted to an array by the <code>Kernel::Array</code>
method. The elements in the array must be
<code>Numeric</code> values in the range
[0..QuantumRange]. In either case, the pixel data must be
stored in scanline order: left-to-right and
top-to-bottom.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt>type</dt>
<dd>A <a href="constants.html#StorageType">StorageType</a>
value that specifies the type and range of the pixel data
when <span class="arg">pixels</span> is a string.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>The image as transformed by the pixel data.</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
# Replace the r'th scanline of the image using
# pixel data stored in red-green-blue order.
img.import_pixels(0, r, img.columns, 1, "RGB", scanline);
</pre>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>This example is contrived since there's no need to convert
the <code>pixels</code> array into a string by calling
<code>pack</code>, but it does demonstrate the use of a string
<span class="arg">pixels</span> argument. Note that this
example assumes that ImageMagick is configured with
QuantumDepth=8.</p>
<pre>
hat = Image.read("Flower_Hat.jpg").first
pixels = hat.export_pixels(0, 0, hat.columns, hat.rows, "RGB")
char_buffer = pixels.pack("C*")
img = Image.new(hat.columns, hat.rows)
img.import_pixels(0, 0, hat.columns, hat.rows, "RGB", char_buffer, CharPixel)
</pre>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#constitute">constitute</a>, <a href=
"image2.html#export_pixels">export_pixels</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#store_pixels">store_pixels</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>ImportImagePixels</p>
<h4>Note</h4>
<p>This method replaces the <code>constitute</code> method.</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="inspect">inspect</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.inspect ->
<em>string</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Constructs a description of the image as a string. The
string contains some or all of the following fields:</p>
<dl>
<dt>original_filename=></dt>
<dd>if different from the current filename.</dd>
<dt>filename</dt>
<dd>the current filename</dd>
<dt>[scene]</dt>
<dd>the scene number, if the image is part of an image
sequence</dd>
<dt>format</dt>
<dd>the image format (GIF or JPEG, for example)</dd>
<dt>original width x height</dt>
<dd>if different from the current width x height</dd>
<dt>page width x height + x-offset + y-offset</dt>
<dd>if any of these fields is non-zero</dd>
<dt>storage class</dt>
<dd><em>DirectClass</em> or <em>PseudoClass</em></dd>
<dt>number of colors</dt>
<dd>total number of colors used in the image</dd>
<dt>mean error per pixel/normalized mean error/normalized
maximum error</dt>
<dd>for PseudoClass images, if present</dd>
<dt><em>N</em>-bit</dt>
<dd>bit depth</dd>
<dt>blob size</dt>
<dd>if present</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
f.inspect » "images/Flower_Hat.jpg JPEG 200x250 DirectClass 8-bit 9kb"
</pre>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="level">level</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.level(<span class=
"arg">black_point</span>=<code>0.0</code>, <span class=
"arg">white_point</span>=<code>QuantumRange</code>,
<span class="arg">gamma</span>=<code>1.0</code>) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Adjusts the levels of an image by scaling
the colors falling between specified white and black points to
the full available quantum range. The parameters provided
represent the black, mid, and white points. The black point
specifies the darkest color in the image. Colors darker than
the black point are set to zero. Gamma specifies a gamma
correction to apply to the image. White point specifies the
lightest color in the image. Colors brighter than the white
point are set to the maximum quantum value</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>black_point</dt>
<dd>A black point level in the range 0-<a href=
"constants.html#Miscellaneous_constants">QuantumRange</a>.
The default is 0.0.</dd>
<dt>mid_point</dt>
<dd>A white point level in the range 0..QuantumRange. The
default is <a href=
"constants.html#Miscellaneous_constants">QuantumRange</a> -
<span class="arg">black_point</span>.</dd>
<dt>gamma</dt>
<dd>A gamma correction in the range 0.0-10.0 The default is
1.0.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p><code>level(0,1.50)</code></p>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('level.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/level.jpg'" src="ex/level.jpg" title=
"Click to see the example script" alt="level example" /></a>
<img src="ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the image to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>Compatibility notes</h4>
<p>Prior to version 1.11.0 RMagick defined the signature for
<code>level</code> incorrectly:</p>
<pre>
img.level(white_point, gamma, black_point) -> image # wrong!
</pre>
<p>That is, the <code>gamma</code> and <code>white_point</code>
arguments were swapped. In an effort to maintain compatibility
with older scripts that expect that signature,
<code>level</code> inspects its arguments and will interchange
<code>white_point</code> and gamma if they "look" incorrect.
That is, if <code>gamma</code> is > 10.0, or if
<code>white_point</code> is < 10.0, or if <code>gamma</code>
> <code>white_point</code>, then <code>level</code> will
swap them.</p>
<p>If you want to avoid this behavior, use the
<code>level2</code> method instead. The <code>level2</code>
method is exactly the same as <code>level</code> except that it
never swaps the arguments.</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#level_channel">level_channel</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>LevelImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="level_channel">level_channel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.level_channel(<span class=
"arg">channel</span>, <span class="arg">black_point</span>=0,
<span class="arg">white_point</span>=QuantumRange -
black_point, <span class="arg">gamma</span>=1.0) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>Same as level but operates only on the
specified channel.
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>channel</dt>
<dd>A <a href="constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a>
value.</dd>
<dt>black_point</dt>
<dd>A black point level in the range 0-<a href=
"constants.html#Miscellaneous_constants">QuantumRange</a>.
The default is 0.0.</dd>
<dt>white_point</dt>
<dd>A white point level in the range 0..QuantumRange. The
default is <a href=
"constants.html#Miscellaneous_constants">QuantumRange</a> -
<span class="arg">black_point</span>.</dd>
<dt>gamma</dt>
<dd>A gamma correction in the range 0.0-10.0 The default is
1.0.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#level">level</a>, <a href=
"#levelize_channel">levelize_channel</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>LevelImageChannel</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="level_colors">level_colors</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.level_colors(<span class=
"arg">black_color</span>="black", <span class=
"arg">white_color</span>="white", <span class=
"arg">invert</span>=<code>true</code>) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>When <span class="arg">invert</span> is true, black and
white will be mapped to the <span class=
"arg">black_color</span> and <span class=
"arg">white_color</span> colors, compressing all other colors
linearly. When <span class="arg">invert</span> is false, black
and white will be mapped to the <span class=
"arg">black_color</span> and <span class=
"arg">white_color</span> colors, stretching all other colors
linearly. The default is <code>true</code>.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>black_color</dt>
<dd>The color to be mapped to black. The default is
"black".</dd>
<dt>white_color</dt>
<dd>The color to be mapped to white. The default is
"white".</dd>
<dt>invert</dt>
<dd>See the description above.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('level_colors.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/level_colors.jpg'" src="ex/level_colors.jpg"
title="Click to see the example script" alt=
"level_colors example" /></a> <img src="ex/images/spin.gif"
alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the image to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p>This method corresponds to the +level-colors option. See
<a href=
"http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/color/#level-colors">Examples
of ImageMagick Usage</a> for more information.</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>LevelImageColors</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="levelize_channel">levelize_channel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.levelize_channel(<span class=
"arg">black_point</span>, <span class="arg">white_point</span>,
<span class="arg">gamma</span>=1.0 [, <span class=
"arg">channel</span>...]) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Maps black and white to the specified points. The reverse of
<a href="#level_channel">level_channel</a>.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>black_point</dt>
<dd>A black point level in the range 0..<a href=
"constants.html#Miscellaneous_constants">QuantumRange</a>.
This argument is required.</dd>
<dt>white_point</dt>
<dd>A white point level in the range 0..QuantumRange. The
default is QuantumRange - <span class=
"arg">black_point</span>.</dd>
<dt>gamma</dt>
<dd>A gamma correction in the range 0.0-10.0 The default is
1.0.</dd>
<dt>channel...</dt>
<dd>0 or more <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a> arguments. If no
channels are specified, the default channels are the red,
green, and blue channels.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#level">level</a>, <a href=
"#level_channel">level_channel</a></p>
<p>This method corresponds to the +level option. See <a href=
"http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/color/#level_plus">Examples
of ImageMagick Usage</a> for more information.</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>LevelizeImageChannel</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="linear_stretch">linear_stretch</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.linear_stretch(<span class=
"arg">black_point</span>[, <span class=
"arg">white_point</span>]) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Linear with saturation stretch.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>black_point</dt>
<dd>black out at most this many pixels. Specify an absolute
number of pixels as a numeric value, or a percentage as a
string in the form 'NN%'.</dd>
<dt>white_point</dt>
<dd>burn at most this many pixels. Specify an absolute number
of pixels as a numeric value, or a percentage as a string in
the form 'NN%'. This argument is optional. If not specified
the default is <code>all pixels - black_point
pixels</code>.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>LinearStretchImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="liquid_rescale">liquid_rescale</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.liquid_rescale(<span class=
"arg">new_width</span>, <span class="arg">new_height</span>,
<span class="arg">delta_x</span>=0.0, <span class=
"arg">rigidity</span>=0.0) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p><span class="imquote">Rescale image with seam
carving.</span> To use this method, you must have installed and
configured ImageMagick to use the <a href=
"http://liblqr.wikidot.com/">Liquid Rescale Library</a>.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>new_width, new_height</dt>
<dd>
<p>The desired width and height. Should not exceed 200% of
the original dimension.</p>
</dd>
<dt>delta_x</dt>
<dd>
<p class="imquote">Maximum seam transversal step (0 means
straight seams).</p>
</dd>
<dt>rigidity</dt>
<dd>
<p class="imquote">Introduce a bias for non-straight seams
(typically 0).</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>LiquidRescaleImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="magnify">magnify</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.magnify ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>A convenience method that scales the receiver to twice its
size.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#magnify_bang">magnify!</a>, <a href=
"#minify">minify</a>, <a href="image3.html#resize">resize</a>,
<a href="image3.html#scale">scale</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>MagnifyImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="magnify_bang">magnify!</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.magnify! ->
<em>self</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>In-place form of <a href="#magnify">magnify</a></p>
<h4>Returns</h4>self
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="map">map</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.map(<span class=
"arg">img</span>, <span class="arg">dither</span>=false) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Replaces the colors of an image with the
closest color from a reference image.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>img</dt>
<dd>The reference image. May be either another image or an
Image object.</dd>
<dt>dither</dt>
<dd>If true, dithers the mapped image.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Notes</h4>
<p>This method is deprecated when using ImageMagick 6.4.3-6 and
later. Use <a href="image3.html#remap">remap</a> instead.</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="ilist.html#map">ImageList#map</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>MapImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="mask">mask</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.mask([<span class=
"arg">image</span> or <code>nil</code>]) ->
<em>mask_image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Sets an image clip mask created from the specified mask
image. <span class="imquote">The mask image must have the same
dimensions as the image being masked.</span> If not, the mask
image is resized to match. <span class="imquote">If the mask
image has an alpha channel the opacity of each pixel is used to
define the mask. Otherwise, the intensity (gray level) of each
pixel is used.</span></p>
<p>In general, if the mask image does not have an alpha
channel, a white pixel in the mask prevents changes to the
corresponding pixel in the image being masked, while a black
pixel allows changes. A pixel that is neither black nor white
will allow partial changes depending on its intensity.</p>
<p>Use <a href="image1.html#alpha">alpha</a> to specify whether
or not the mask image has an alpha channel.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>If the value is an imagelist, uses the current image as the
mask image. To remove the mask, pass <code>nil</code> instead
of an image.</p>
<p>To get a copy of the current mask, omit the argument
entirely.</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('mask.rb.html')"><img src="ex/mask.jpg" alt=
"mask example" title="Click to see the example script"
onmouseover="this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/mask.jpg'" /></a> <img src="ex/images/spin.gif"
alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A copy of the current mask, or <code>nil</code> if no mask
is defined.</p>
<h4>Notes</h4>
<p>This method makes a copy of the image to use as the mask.
This means that if you want to change the mask you must call
this method to establish the changed image as the mask.</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="matte_fill_to_border">matte_fill_to_border</h3>
<p><span class=
"arg">img</span>.matte_fill_to_border(<span class=
"arg">x</span>, <span class="arg">y</span>) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Makes transparent all the pixels that are neighbors of the
pixel at <span class="arg">x</span>,<span class="arg">y</span>
and are not the border color.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>The x- and y- coordinates of the target pixel.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>In this example the border color is black. The fill starts
in the center and makes all the pixels transparent until it
reaches a black pixel. The resulting image has been composited
over a plasma background, which shows through the transparent
pixels.</p>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('matte_fill_to_border.rb.html')"><img src=
"ex/matte_fill_to_border_after.gif" onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/matte_fill_to_border_before.gif'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/matte_fill_to_border_after.gif'" alt=
"matte_fill_to_border example" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the image to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#matte_floodfill">matte_floodfill</a>, <a href=
"draw.html#matte">Draw#matte</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>MatteFloodfillImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="matte_floodfill">matte_floodfill</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.matte_floodfill(<span class=
"arg">x</span>, <span class="arg">y</span>) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Makes transparent all the pixels that are the same color as
the pixel at <span class="arg">x</span>, <span class=
"arg">y</span>, and are neighbors.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>The x- and y-coordinates of the target pixel.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>In this example the fill starts at the center pixel and
replaces all the yellow pixels - the color of the center pixel.
The resulting image has been composited over a plasma
background, which shows through the transparent pixels.</p>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('matte_floodfill.rb.html')"><img src=
"ex/matte_floodfill_after.gif" onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/matte_floodfill_before.gif'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/matte_floodfill_after.gif'" alt=
"matte_floodfill example" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the image to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#matte_replace">matte_replace</a>, <a href=
"draw.html#matte">Draw#matte</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>MatteFloodfilImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="matte_point">matte_point</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.matte_point(<span class=
"arg">x</span>, <span class="arg">y</span>) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Makes the pixel at <span class="arg">x</span>, <span class=
"arg">y</span> transparent. This method makes a copy of the
image, just to make one pixel transparent. I recommend using
the Draw#matte method instead.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>The x- and y-coordinates of the target pixel.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="draw.html#matte">Draw#matte</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="matte_replace">matte_replace</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.matte_replace(<span class=
"arg">x</span>, <span class="arg">y</span>) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Makes transparent all the pixels that are the same color as
the pixel at <span class="arg">x</span>, <span class=
"arg">y</span>.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>The x- and y-coordinates of the target pixel.
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>In this example the target pixel is a black pixel in the
center of the uppermost circle. The matte_replace method makes
all the black pixels in the image transparent. The resulting
image has been composited over a plasma background, which shows
through the transparent pixels.</p>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('matte_replace.rb.html')"><img onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/matte_replace_before.gif'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/matte_replace_after.gif'" src=
"ex/matte_replace_after.gif" alt="matte_replace example" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the image to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image3.html#transparent">transparent</a>, <a href=
"draw.html#matte">Draw#matte</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>TransparentImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="matte_reset_bang">matte_reset!</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.matte_reset! ->
<em>self</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Makes all the pixels in the image transparent.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>self</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="imageattrs.html#opacity">opacity=</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>SetImageOpacity
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="median_filter">median_filter</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.median_filter(<span class=
"arg">radius</span>=1.0) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Applies a digital filter that improves the
quality of a noisy image. Each pixel is replaced by the median
in a set of neighboring pixels as defined by radius.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>The filter radius. The larger the value, the longer it takes
to render. Values larger than 8 or 9 may take longer than you
want to wait, and will not have significantly better results
than much smaller values.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>The left side of the image has been modified by <a href=
"image1.html#add_noise">add_noise</a>. The right side has been
filtered by median_filter(0.05).</p>
<p><a href=
"javascript:popup('median_filter.rb.html')"><img src="ex/median_filter.jpg"
alt="median_filter example" /></a></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#enhance">enhance</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#reduce_noise">reduce_noise</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#unsharp_mask">unsharp_mask</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>MedianFilterImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="minify">minify</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.minify -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>A convenience method that scales the receiver to half its
size.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#minify_bang">minify!</a> <a href=
"#magnify">magnify</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#resize">resize</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#sample">sample</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#scale">scale</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#thumbnail">thumbnail</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>MinifyImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="minify_bang">minify!</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.minify! -> <em>self</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>In-place form of <a href="#minify">minify</a>.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>self</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="modulate">modulate</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.modulate(<span class=
"arg">brightness</span>=1.0, <span class=
"arg">saturation</span>=1.0, <span class="arg">hue</span>=1.0)
-> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Changes the brightness, saturation, and hue.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>The percent change in the brightness, saturation, and hue,
represented as Float numbers. For example, 0.25 means "25%".
All three arguments may be omitted. The default value of each
argument is 1.0, that is, 100%.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>modulate(0.85)</p>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('modulate.rb.html')"><img src=
"ex/modulate.jpg" alt="modulate example" onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/modulate.jpg'" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>ModulateImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="monochrome_q">monochrome?</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.monochrome? -> true or
false</p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns true if all the pixels have the same red, green, and
blue values and the values are either 0 or QuantumRange. That
is, the image is black-and-white.</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#gray_q">gray?</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>IsMonochromeImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="motion_blur">motion_blur</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.motion_blur(<span class=
"arg">radius</span>=0.0, <span class="arg">sigma</span>=1.0,
<span class="arg">angle</span>=0.0) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Simulates motion blur. We convolve the image
with a Gaussian operator of the given <span class=
"arg">radius</span> and standard deviation (<span class=
"arg">sigma</span>). Use a radius of 0 and motion_blur selects
a suitable radius for you. <span class="arg">Angle</span> gives
the angle of the blurring motion.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>radius</dt>
<dd>The radius of the Gaussian operator.</dd>
<dt>sigma</dt>
<dd>The standard deviation of the Gaussian operator. Must be
non-0.</dd>
<dt>angle</dt>
<dd>The angle (in degrees) of the blurring motion.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('motion_blur.rb.html')"><img src=
"ex/motion_blur.jpg" alt="motion_blur example" title=
"Click to see the example script" onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/motion_blur.jpg'" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#blur_image">blur_image</a>, <a href=
"#gaussian_blur">gaussian_blur</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#radial_blur">radial_blur</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#selective_blur_channel">selective_blur_channel</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>MotionBlurImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="negate">negate</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.negate(<span class=
"arg">grayscale</span>=false) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Negates the colors in the receiver.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>If the <span class="arg">grayscale</span>
argument is true, only the grayscale values are negated.
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('negate.rb.html')"><img src="ex/negate.jpg"
alt="negate example" onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/negate.jpg'" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#negate_channel">negate_channel</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>NegateImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="negate_channel">negate_channel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.negate_channel(<span class=
"arg">grayscale</span>=false, [<span class=
"arg">channel</span>...]) = <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Negate a particular image channel or channels.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>grayscale</dt>
<dd class="imquote">if true, only negate grayscale pixels
within the image</dd>
<dt>channel...</dt>
<dd>0 or more <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a> arguments. If no
channels are specified, all the channels are negated.
Specifying no channel arguments has the same effect as the
negate method, above.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>negate_channel(false, GreenChannel)</p>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('negate_channel.rb.html')"><img src=
"ex/negate_channel.jpg" alt="negate_channel example"
onmouseover="this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/negate_channel.jpg'" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#negate">negate</a></p>.
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>NegateImageChannel</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="normalize">normalize</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.normalize ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Enhances the contrast of a color image by
adjusting the pixel color to span the entire range of colors
available.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('normalize.rb.html')"><img src=
"ex/normalize.jpg" alt="normalize example" title=
"Click to see the example script" onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Hot_Air_Balloons.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/normalize.jpg'" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" style="left: 191px;"
title="Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>NormalizeImage</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#normalize_channel">normalize_channel</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="normalize_channel">normalize_channel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.normalize_channel([<span class=
"arg">channel</span>...]) = <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p><span class="imquote">Enhances the contrast of a color image
by adjusting the pixel color to span the entire range of colors
available.</span> Only the specified channels are
normalized.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>channel...</dt>
<dd>0 or more <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a> arguments. If no
channels are specified, all the channels are normalized.
Specifying no channel arguments has the same effect as the
normalize method, above.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>NormalizeImageChannel</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#normalize">normalize</a></p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="oil_paint">oil_paint</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.oil_paint(<span class=
"arg">radius</span>=3.0) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p class="imquote">Applies a special effect filter that
simulates an oil painting. Each pixel is replaced by the most
frequent color occurring in a circular region defined by
<span class="arg">radius</span>.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:('oil_paint.rb.html')"><img src="ex/oil_paint.jpg"
title="Click to see the example script" onmouseover=
"this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/oil_paint.jpg'" alt="oil_paint example" /></a>
<img src="ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>OilPaintImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="opaque">opaque</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.opaque(<span class=
"arg">target</span>, <span class="arg">fill</span>) ->
<em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Changes all pixels having the target color to the fill
color.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>target</dt>
<dd>The color to be replaced. May be a color name or a
<a href="struct.html#Pixel">Pixel</a></dd>
<dt>fill</dt>
<dd>The replacement color. May be a color name or a <a href=
"struct.html#Pixel">Pixel</a></dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<pre>
img.fuzz = 25
img = img.opaque('white', 'red')
</pre>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image1.html#color_floodfill">color_floodfill</a>,
<a href="#opaque_channel">opaque_channel</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>OpaquePaintImageChannel</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="opaque_channel">opaque_channel</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.opaque_channel(<span class=
"arg">target</span>, <span class="arg">fill</span>,
<span class="arg">invert</span>=false, <span class=
"arg">fuzz</span>=<span class="arg">img</span>.fuzz [,
<span class="arg">channel</span>...]) -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Changes all pixels having the target color to the fill
color. If <span class="arg">invert</span> is true, changes all
the pixels that are <em>not</em> the target color to the fill
color.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<dl>
<dt>target</dt>
<dd>The color to be replaced. May be a color name or a
<a href="struct.html#Pixel">Pixel</a></dd>
<dt>fill</dt>
<dd>The replacement color. May be a color name or a <a href=
"struct.html#Pixel">Pixel</a></dd>
<dt>invert</dt>
<dd>If true, the target pixels are all the pixels that are
not the target color. The default is the value of the target
image's <code>fuzz</code> attribute</dd>
<dt>fuzz</dt>
<dd>Colors within this distance are considered equal to the
target color.</dd>
<dt>channel...</dt>
<dd>0 or more <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">ChannelType</a> arguments. If no
channels are specified, the default is <a href=
"constants.html#ChannelType">DefaultChannels</a>.</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="#opaque">opaque</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>OpaquePaintImageChannel</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="opaque_q">opaque?</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.opaque? -> true or false</p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Returns true if all of the pixels in the receiver have an
opacity value of <a href=
"constants.html#Opacity">OpaqueOpacity</a>.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>true or false</p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>IsOpaqueImage</p>
</div>
<div class="sig">
<h3 id="ordered_dither">ordered_dither</h3>
<p><span class="arg">img</span>.ordered_dither(<span class=
"arg">threshold_map</span>='2x2') -> <em>image</em></p>
</div>
<div class="desc">
<h4>Description</h4>
<p>Dithers the image to a predefined pattern. The <span class=
"arg">threshold_map</span> argument defines the pattern to
use.</p>
<h4>Arguments</h4>
<p>The <span class="arg">threshold_map</span> argument can be
any of the strings listed by this command:</p>
<pre>
convert -list Thresholds
</pre>
<p>If you have a sufficiently new version of ImageMagick, you
can add a <span class="imquote">a uniform color map with the
number of levels per color channel</span> immediately following
the <span class="arg">threshold_map</span>, separated by a
comma. See the documentation for <a href=
"http://redux.imagemagick.org/script/command-line-options.php#ordered-dither">
ImageMagick's -ordered-dither option</a> for more
information.</p>
<h4>Returns</h4>
<p>A new image</p>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p class="rollover"><a href=
"javascript:popup('ordered_dither.rb.html')"><img src=
"ex/ordered_dither.jpg" alt="ordered_dither example"
onmouseover="this.src='ex/images/Flower_Hat.jpg'" onmouseout=
"this.src='ex/ordered_dither.jpg'" title=
"Click to see the example script" /></a> <img src=
"ex/images/spin.gif" alt="" class="spin" title=
"Mouse over the example to see the original image" /></p>
<h4>See also</h4>
<p><a href="image3.html#posterize">posterize</a>, <a href=
"image3.html#quantize">quantize</a></p>
<h4>Magick API</h4>
<p>OrderedPosterizeImage</p>
</div>
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