/* RubySVM 1.0 by Rudi Cilibrasi (cilibrar@ofb.net)
 * Released under the GPL
 * Mon May 12 11:20:48 CEST 2003,
 * based on libsvm-2.4
 */

#define obstack_chunk_alloc xmalloc
#define obstack_chunk_free free

#define HAVE_DEFINE_ALLOC_FUNCTION 1

#include "ruby.h"
#include "node.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <obstack.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <libsvm/svm.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

VALUE mSVM, cSVMProblem, cSVMParameter, cSVMModel;
static VALUE cMarshal;

static int getSVCount(struct svm_model *m);

struct RSVM_Problem {
  struct svm_problem prob;
  struct obstack xs, ys;
  int k;
};

struct RSVM_Model {
  struct svm_model *m;
};

struct RSVM_Parameter {
  struct svm_parameter p;
};

VALUE svmpa_new(VALUE cl);

/*
 * Converts a Ruby array of consecutive values into a list of
 * value-index svm_node's.
 */
struct svm_node *rubyArrayToNodelist(VALUE xs)
{
  //struct obstack xso;
  struct svm_node *n;
  int i;
  int len = RARRAY(xs)->len;
  n = (struct svm_node *) calloc(sizeof(struct svm_node), len+1);
  for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
    n[i].value = NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(xs, i));
    n[i].index = i;
  }
  n[i].value = 0;
  n[i].index = -1;

  return n;
}

/*
 * Serializes an SVMParameter object
 */
VALUE svmpa_svm_dump(VALUE self, VALUE limit)
{
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  VALUE obj = rb_ary_new();
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rb_ary_push(obj, INT2NUM(rp->p.svm_type));
  rb_ary_push(obj, INT2NUM(rp->p.kernel_type));
  rb_ary_push(obj, rb_float_new(rp->p.degree));
  rb_ary_push(obj, rb_float_new(rp->p.gamma));
  rb_ary_push(obj, rb_float_new(rp->p.coef0));
  rb_ary_push(obj, rb_float_new(rp->p.cache_size));
  rb_ary_push(obj, rb_float_new(rp->p.eps));
  rb_ary_push(obj, rb_float_new(rp->p.C));
  rb_ary_push(obj, rb_float_new(rp->p.nu));
  rb_ary_push(obj, rb_float_new(rp->p.p));
  rb_ary_push(obj, INT2NUM(rp->p.shrinking));
  return rb_funcall(cMarshal, rb_intern("dump"), 1, obj);
}

/*
 * Deserializes an SVMParameter object
 */

VALUE svmpa_svm_load(VALUE kl, VALUE obj)
{
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  printf("In load!\n");
  VALUE self = svmpa_new(cSVMParameter);
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  printf("RP is %p\n", rp);
  obj = rb_funcall(cMarshal, rb_intern("load"), 1, obj);
  rp->p.svm_type = NUM2INT(rb_ary_entry(obj, 0));
  printf("first!\n");
  rp->p.kernel_type = NUM2INT(rb_ary_entry(obj, 1));
  rp->p.degree = (int) NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(obj, 2));
  rp->p.gamma = NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(obj, 3));
  rp->p.coef0 = NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(obj, 4));
  rp->p.cache_size = NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(obj, 5));
  printf("midway!\n");
  rp->p.eps = NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(obj, 6));
  rp->p.C = NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(obj, 7));
  rp->p.nu = NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(obj, 8));
  rp->p.p = NUM2DBL(rb_ary_entry(obj, 9));
  rp->p.shrinking = NUM2INT(rb_ary_entry(obj, 10));
  printf("Never returned!\n");
  return self;
}

/*
 * Gets gamma value, the exponent used in the kernel function
 */
VALUE svmpa_gamma(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return rb_float_new(rp->p.gamma);
}

/*
 * Sets gamma value, the exponent used in the kernel function
 */
VALUE svmpa_gammaeq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.gamma = NUM2DBL(eq);
  return Qnil;
}
/*
 * Gets coef0, the constant added in the polynomial kernel
 */
VALUE svmpa_coef0(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return rb_float_new(rp->p.coef0);
}

/*
 * Sets coef0, the constant added in the polynomial kernel
 */
VALUE svmpa_coef0eq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.coef0 = NUM2DBL(eq);
  return Qnil;
}

/*
 * Gets cachesize, the number of megabytes of memory to use for the cache
 */
VALUE svmpa_cache_size(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return rb_float_new(rp->p.cache_size);
}

/*
 * Sets cachesize, the number of megabytes of memory to use for the cache
 */
VALUE svmpa_cache_sizeeq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.cache_size = NUM2DBL(eq);
  return Qnil;
}
/*
 * Gets eps, the tolerance of termination criterion
 */
VALUE svmpa_eps(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return rb_float_new(rp->p.eps);
}

/*
 * Sets eps, the tolerance of termination criterion
 */
VALUE svmpa_epseq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.eps = NUM2DBL(eq);
  return Qnil;
}
/*
 * Gets C, the cost parameter of C-SVC, epsilon-SVR, and nu-SVR
 */
VALUE svmpa_C(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return rb_float_new(rp->p.C);
}

/*
 * Sets C, the cost parameter of C-SVC, epsilon-SVR, and nu-SVR
 */
VALUE svmpa_Ceq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.C = NUM2DBL(eq);
  return Qnil;
}

/*
 * Gets nu, the SV-ratio parameter of nu-SVC, one-class SVM, and nu-SVR
 */
VALUE svmpa_nu(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return rb_float_new(rp->p.nu);
}

/*
 * Sets nu, the SV-ratio parameter of nu-SVC, one-class SVM, and nu-SVR
 */
VALUE svmpa_nueq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.nu = NUM2DBL(eq);
  return Qnil;
}

/*
 * Gets p, the zero-loss width zone in epsilon-insensitive SVR
 */
VALUE svmpa_p(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return rb_float_new(rp->p.p);
}

/*
 * Sets p, the zero-loss width zone in epsilon-insensitive SVR
 */
VALUE svmpa_peq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.p = NUM2DBL(eq);
  return Qnil;
}

/*
 * Gets degree, the degree of the kernel function
 */
VALUE svmpa_degree(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return rb_float_new(rp->p.degree);
}

/*
 * Sets degree, the degree of the kernel function
 */
VALUE svmpa_degreeeq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.degree = (int) NUM2DBL(eq);
  return Qnil;
}

/*
 * Gets kernel_type, which is one of:
 * * LINEAR
 * * POLY
 * * RBF
 * * SIGMOID
 */
VALUE svmpa_kernel_type(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return INT2FIX(rp->p.kernel_type);
}

/*
 * Sets kernel_type, which is one of:
 * * LINEAR
 * * POLY
 * * RBF
 * * SIGMOID
 */
VALUE svmpa_kernel_typeeq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.kernel_type = FIX2INT(eq);
  return Qnil;
}

/*
 * Gets svm_type, which is one of:
 * * C_SVC
 * * NU_SVC
 * * ONE_CLASS
 * * EPSILON_SVR
 * * NU_SVR
 */
VALUE svmpa_svm_type(VALUE self) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  return INT2FIX(rp->p.svm_type);
}

/*
 * Sets svm_type, which is one of:
 * * C_SVC
 * * NU_SVC
 * * ONE_CLASS
 * * EPSILON_SVR
 * * NU_SVR
 */
VALUE svmpa_svm_typeeq(VALUE self, VALUE eq) {
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Parameter, rp);
  rp->p.svm_type = FIX2INT(eq);
  return Qnil;
}

struct RSVM_Parameter *newParameter()
{
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp = (struct RSVM_Parameter *)
    calloc(sizeof(struct RSVM_Parameter), 1);
  rp->p.svm_type = C_SVC;
  rp->p.kernel_type = RBF;
  rp->p.degree = 3;
  rp->p.gamma = 0;
  rp->p.coef0 = 0;
  rp->p.nu = 0.5;
  rp->p.cache_size = 40;
  rp->p.C = 1;
  rp->p.eps = 1e-3;
  rp->p.p = 0.1;
  rp->p.shrinking = 1;
  rp->p.nr_weight = 0;
  return rp;
}

/*
 * Creates a new, empty SVMProblem object.
 */
struct RSVM_Problem *newProblem()
{
  struct RSVM_Problem *rprob = (struct RSVM_Problem *) calloc(sizeof(struct RSVM_Problem), 1);
  rprob->prob.l = 0;
  rprob->prob.x = NULL;
  rprob->prob.y = NULL;
  obstack_init(&rprob->xs);
  obstack_init(&rprob->ys);
  return rprob;
}

/*
 * Adds an example to an SVMProblem given a target value and an input vector.
 */
void addExample(struct RSVM_Problem *rp, double y, struct svm_node *x)
{
  obstack_grow(&rp->ys, &y, sizeof(double));
  obstack_grow(&rp->xs, &x, sizeof(struct svm_node *));
}

void syncProblem(struct RSVM_Problem *rp)
{
  rp->prob.l = obstack_object_size(&rp->ys) / sizeof(double);
  rp->prob.y = (double *) obstack_base(&rp->ys);
  rp->prob.x = (struct svm_node **) obstack_base(&rp->xs);
}

/*
 * Frees an SVMModel
 */
static void svmpm_free(void *ptr)
{
  struct RSVM_Model *rp = (struct RSVM_Model *) ptr;
  svm_destroy_model(rp->m);
  free(rp);
}

/*
 * Frees an SVMParameter
 */
static void svmpa_free(void *ptr)
{
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp = (struct RSVM_Parameter *) ptr;
  free(rp);
}

/*
 * Frees an SVMProblem
 */
static void svmpr_free(void *ptr)
{
  struct RSVM_Problem *rp = (struct RSVM_Problem *) ptr;
  int i;
  syncProblem(rp);
  for (i = 0; i < rp->prob.l; ++i)
    free(rp->prob.x[i]);
  obstack_free(&(rp->xs),NULL);
  obstack_free(&(rp->ys),NULL);
  free(rp);
}

/*
 * Creates a new SVMParameter object.
 * Uses the following default values:
 * * svm_type = C_SVC
 * * kernel_type = RBF
 * * degree = 3
 * * gamma = 1 / k (0 means this also)
 * * coef0 = 0
 * * nu = 0.5
 * * cache_size = 40
 * * C = 1
 * * eps = 1e-3
 * * p = 0.1
 * * shrinking = 1
 * * nr_weight = 0
 */
VALUE svmpa_new(VALUE cl)
{
  struct RSVM_Parameter *rp = newParameter();
  VALUE tdata = Data_Wrap_Struct(cl, 0, svmpa_free, rp);
  printf("In the new!!\n");
  rb_obj_call_init(tdata, 0, NULL);
  return tdata;
}

#ifdef HAVE_DEFINE_ALLOC_FUNCTION
static VALUE svmpa_allocate(VALUE kl) {
  return svmpa_new(kl);
}
#endif

/*
 * Creates a new, empty SVMProblem object.
 */
VALUE svmpr_new(VALUE cl)
{
  struct RSVM_Problem *rp = newProblem();
  VALUE tdata = Data_Wrap_Struct(cl, 0, svmpr_free, rp);
  rb_obj_call_init(tdata, 0, NULL);
  return tdata;
}

/*
 * Trains an SVM according to a given problem set and parameter specification
 */
VALUE svmpm_new(VALUE cl, VALUE prob, VALUE par)
{
  struct RSVM_Model *rp = (struct RSVM_Model *) calloc(sizeof(struct RSVM_Model), 1);
  struct RSVM_Problem *cpro;
  struct RSVM_Parameter *cpa;
  bool defgamma = false;
  VALUE tdata = Data_Wrap_Struct(cl, 0, svmpm_free, rp);
  Data_Get_Struct(prob, struct RSVM_Problem, cpro);
  Data_Get_Struct(par, struct RSVM_Parameter, cpa);
  syncProblem(cpro);
  if (cpa->p.gamma == 0)
    defgamma = true;
  if (defgamma)
    cpa->p.gamma = 1.0 / (double) cpro->k;
  cpa->p.probability = 1;
  rp->m = svm_train(&cpro->prob, &cpa->p);
  if (defgamma)
    cpa->p.gamma = 0;
  rb_obj_call_init(tdata, 0, NULL);
  return tdata;
}

static VALUE svmpm_predict_values(VALUE self, VALUE xs)
{
  struct RSVM_Model *rp;
  double *pe;
  struct svm_node *x = rubyArrayToNodelist(xs);
  int i, nr_class, numvals;
  VALUE decvals;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Model, rp);
  nr_class = svm_get_nr_class(rp->m);
  decvals = rb_ary_new();
  numvals = (nr_class * (nr_class - 1))/2;
  pe = (double *) calloc(numvals, sizeof(double));
  svm_predict_values(rp->m, x, pe);
  for (i = 0; i < numvals; i += 1)
    rb_ary_push(decvals, rb_float_new(pe[i]));
  free(pe);
  return decvals;
}

static VALUE svmpm_predict_probability(VALUE self, VALUE xs)
{
  double result;
  struct RSVM_Model *rp;
  double *pe;
  struct svm_node *x = rubyArrayToNodelist(xs);
  int i;
  VALUE probs, retval;
  retval = rb_ary_new();
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Model, rp);
  probs = rb_ary_new();
  pe = (double *) calloc(svm_get_nr_class(rp->m), sizeof(double));
  result = svm_predict_probability(rp->m, x, pe);
  for (i = 0; i < svm_get_nr_class(rp->m); i += 1)
    rb_ary_push(probs, rb_float_new(pe[i]));
  free(pe);
  rb_ary_push(retval, rb_float_new(result));
  rb_ary_push(retval, probs);
  return retval;
}

/*
 * Predicts a value (regression or classification) based on an input vector
 */
static VALUE svmpm_predict(VALUE self, VALUE xs)
{
  double result;
  struct RSVM_Model *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Model, rp);
  struct svm_node *x = rubyArrayToNodelist(xs);
  result = svm_predict(rp->m, x);
  free(x);
  return rb_float_new(result);
}

/*
 * Initializes an SVMModel
 */
static VALUE svmpm_init(VALUE self)
{
  return self;
}

/*
 * Initializes an SVMParameter
 */
static VALUE svmpa_init(VALUE self)
{
  return self;
}

/*
 * Initializes an SVMProblem
 */
static VALUE svmpr_init(VALUE self)
{
  return self;
}

/*
 * Returns the number of samples in an SVMProblem
 */
static VALUE svmpr_size(VALUE self)
{
  struct RSVM_Problem *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Problem, rp);
  syncProblem(rp);
  return INT2FIX(rp->prob.l);
}

/*
 * Returns the number of Support Vectors in an SVMModel
 */
static VALUE svmpm_svcount(VALUE self)
{
  struct RSVM_Model *rp;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Model, rp);
  return INT2FIX(getSVCount(rp->m));
}

/*
 * Adds a training example to an SVMProblem
 */
static VALUE svmpr_addex(VALUE self, VALUE y, VALUE xs)
{
  struct RSVM_Problem *rp;
  struct svm_node *fini;
  double yd;
  Data_Get_Struct(self, struct RSVM_Problem, rp);
  yd = NUM2DBL(y);
  fini = rubyArrayToNodelist(xs);
  addExample(rp, yd, fini);
  if (rp->k == 0) rp->k = RARRAY(xs)->len;
  return Qnil;
}

/* To be removed in next version */
struct svm_model
{
	svm_parameter param;	// parameter
	int nr_class;		// number of classes, = 2 in regression/one class svm
	int l;			// total #SV
	svm_node **SV;		// SVs (SV[l])
	double **sv_coef;	// coefficients for SVs in decision functions (sv_coef[n-1][l])
	double *rho;		// constants in decision functions (rho[n*(n-1)/2])

	// for classification only

	int *label;		// label of each class (label[n])
	int *nSV;		// number of SVs for each class (nSV[n])
				// nSV[0] + nSV[1] + ... + nSV[n-1] = l
	// XXX
	int free_sv;		// 1 if svm_model is created by svm_load_model
				// 0 if svm_model is created by svm_train
};

static int getSVCount(struct svm_model *m)
{
  return m->l;
}

extern "C" {
void Init_SVM();
};

void Init_SVM()
{
  mSVM = rb_define_module("SVM");
  cSVMProblem = rb_define_class_under(mSVM, "Problem", rb_cObject);
  cSVMParameter = rb_define_class_under(mSVM, "Parameter", rb_cObject);
  cSVMModel = rb_define_class_under(mSVM, "Model", rb_cObject);


  rb_define_singleton_method(cSVMProblem, "new", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpr_new, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMProblem, "initialize", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpr_init, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMProblem, "size", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpr_size, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMProblem, "addExample", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpr_addex, 2);

  rb_define_const(mSVM, "C_SVC", INT2FIX(C_SVC));
  rb_define_const(mSVM, "NU_SVC", INT2FIX(NU_SVC));
  rb_define_const(mSVM, "ONE_CLASS", INT2FIX(ONE_CLASS));
  rb_define_const(mSVM, "EPSILON_SVR", INT2FIX(EPSILON_SVR));
  rb_define_const(mSVM, "NU_SVR", INT2FIX(NU_SVR));
  rb_define_const(mSVM, "LINEAR", INT2FIX(LINEAR));
  rb_define_const(mSVM, "POLY", INT2FIX(POLY));
  rb_define_const(mSVM, "RBF", INT2FIX(RBF));
  rb_define_const(mSVM, "SIGMOID", INT2FIX(SIGMOID));

  rb_define_singleton_method(cSVMParameter, "new", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_new, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "degree", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_degree, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "degree=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_degreeeq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "gamma", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_gamma, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "gamma=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_gammaeq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "coef0", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_coef0, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "coef0=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_coef0eq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "cache_size", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_cache_size, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "cache_size=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_cache_sizeeq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "eps", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_eps, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "eps=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_epseq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "C", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_C, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "C=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_Ceq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "nu", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_nu, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "nu=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_nueq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "p", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_p, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "p=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_peq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "kernel_type", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_kernel_type, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "kernel_type=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_kernel_typeeq, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "svm_type", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_svm_type, 0);
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "svm_type=", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_svm_typeeq, 1);
  /*
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "_dump_data", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_svm_dump_data, 0);

  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "_load_data", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_svm_load_data, 1);
  */
  rb_define_method(cSVMParameter, "_dump", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_svm_dump, 1);

  rb_define_singleton_method(cSVMParameter, "_load", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_svm_load, 1);

#ifdef HAVE_DEFINE_ALLOC_FUNCTION
  rb_define_alloc_func(cSVMModel, svmpa_allocate);
#endif
  /*rb_undef_alloc_func(cSVMModel); */
/*  rb_add_method(cSVMModel, ID_ALLOCATOR, NEW_CFUNC(svmpa_allocate, 0), NOEX_PRIVATE | NOEX_CFUNC); */
/*  rb_define_singleton_method(cSVMModel, "allocate", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_allocate, 1);
  rb_define_singleton_method(cSVMModel, "_alloc", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpa_allocate, 1);
  */

  rb_define_singleton_method(cSVMModel, "new", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpm_new, 2);
  rb_define_method(cSVMModel, "predict", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpm_predict, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMModel, "predict_probability", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpm_predict_probability, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMModel, "predict_values", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpm_predict_values, 1);
  rb_define_method(cSVMModel, "svcount", (VALUE (*) (...))svmpm_svcount, 0);
  cMarshal = rb_const_get(rb_cObject, rb_intern("Marshal"));
}