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tpl examples
============
Troy D. Hanson <troydhanson@comcast.net>>
v1.0, October 2006
include::sflogo.txt[]
include::topnav.txt[]
Examples
--------
include::toc.txt[]
This document is a set of representative examples demonstrating how to use
tpl. If you're looking for a more explanatory document, please read the
link:userguide.html[User Guide].
An integer array
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.Storing an array of integers to file
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "tpl.h"
int main() {
tpl_node *tn;
int i;
tn = tpl_map( "A(i)", &i );
for( i=0; i<10; i++ ) {
tpl_pack( tn, 1 );
}
tpl_dump( tn, TPL_FILE, "demo.tpl" );
tpl_free( tn );
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A program that unpacks this tpl data file is shown below.
.Re-reading an array of integers from file
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include "tpl.h"
int main() {
tpl_node *tn;
int i;
tn = tpl_map( "A(i)", &i );
tpl_load( tn, TPL_FILE, "demo.tpl" );
while (tpl_unpack( tn, 1 ) > 0) {
printf("%d ", i);
}
tpl_free( tn );
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When run, this program prints:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A nested array
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.Packing nested arrays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "tpl.h"
int main() {
char c;
tpl_node *tn;
tn = tpl_map("A(A(c))", &c);
for(c='a'; c<'c'; c++) tpl_pack(tn,2);
tpl_pack(tn, 1);
for(c='1'; c<'4'; c++) tpl_pack(tn,2);
tpl_pack(tn, 1);
tpl_dump(tn, TPL_FILE, "test40.tpl");
tpl_free(tn);
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This creates a nested array in which the parent has two elements: the first
element is the two-element nested array 'a', 'b'; and the second element is
the three-element nested array '1', '2', '3'.
.Unpacking nested arrays
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "tpl.h"
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char c;
tpl_node *tn;
tn = tpl_map("A(A(c))", &c);
tpl_load(tn, TPL_FILE, "test40.tpl");
while (tpl_unpack(tn,1) > 0) {
while (tpl_unpack(tn,2) > 0) printf("%c ",c);
printf("\n");
}
tpl_free(tn);
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When run, this program prints:
a b
1 2 3
A string array
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.Packing a string array
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "tpl.h"
int main() {
tpl_node *tn;
char *s;
tn = tpl_map( "A(s)", &s );
s = "bob";
tpl_pack(tn, 1);
s = "betty";
tpl_pack(tn, 1);
tpl_dump(tn, TPL_FILE, "strings.tpl");
tpl_free(tn);
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.Unpacking a string array
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include "tpl.h"
int main() {
tpl_node *tn;
char *s;
tn = tpl_map( "A(s)", &s );
tpl_load( tn, TPL_FILE, "strings.tpl" );
while (tpl_unpack( tn, 1 ) > 0) {
printf("%s\n", s);
free(s); /* important! */
}
tpl_free(tn);
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When run, this program prints:
bob
betty
Integer/string pairs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.Packing integer/string pairs
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "tpl.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
tpl_node *tn;
int id;
char *name, *names[] = { "joe", "bob", "mary" };
tn = tpl_map("A(is)", &id, &name);
for(id=0,name=names[id]; id < 3; name=names[++id])
tpl_pack(tn,1);
tpl_dump(tn, TPL_FILE, "/tmp/test35.tpl");
tpl_free(tn);
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.Unpacking integer/string pairs
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include "tpl.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
tpl_node *tn;
int id;
char *name;
tn = tpl_map("A(is)", &id, &name);
tpl_load(tn, TPL_FILE, "/tmp/test35.tpl");
while ( tpl_unpack(tn,1) > 0 )
printf("id %d, user %s\n", id, name);
tpl_free(tn);
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When run, this program prints:
id 0, user joe
id 1, user bob
id 2, user mary
A binary buffer
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.Packing a binary buffer
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "tpl.h"
#include <sys/time.h>
int main() {
tpl_node *tn;
tpl_bin tb;
struct timeval tv; /* we'll pack this structure as raw binary */
gettimeofday(&tv,NULL); /* populate the structure with some data */
tn = tpl_map( "B", &tb );
tb.sz = sizeof(struct timeval);
tb.addr = &tv;
tpl_pack( tn, 0 );
tpl_dump(tn, TPL_FILE, "bin.tpl");
tpl_free(tn);
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.Unpacking a binary buffer
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "tpl.h"
int main() {
tpl_node *tn;
tpl_bin tb;
tn = tpl_map( "B", &tb );
tpl_load( tn, TPL_FILE, "bin.tpl" );
tpl_unpack( tn, 0 );
printf("binary buffer of length %d at address %p\n", tb.sz, tb.addr);
free(tb.addr); /* important! */
tpl_free(tn);
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Simple pipe IPC
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This is a simple example of inter-process communication (IPC) over a pipe.
.IPC over a pipe
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main() {
tpl_node *tn;
unsigned i, sum=0;
int fd[2], pid;
pipe(fd);
if ( (pid = fork()) == 0) { /* child */
tn = tpl_map("A(u)",&i);
tpl_load(tn, TPL_FD, fd[0]);
while (tpl_unpack(tn,1) > 0) sum += i;
tpl_free(tn);
printf("sum is %d\n", sum);
} else if (pid > 0) { /* parent */
tn = tpl_map("A(u)",&i);
for(i=0;i<10000;i++) tpl_pack(tn,1);
tpl_dump(tn,TPL_FD, fd[1] );
tpl_free(tn);
waitpid(pid,NULL,0);
}
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The child unpacks the integers in the message, and sums them, printing:
49995000
The example above (with `#include` headers omitted here) is included in the
file `tests/test28.c`.
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