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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<title>libvirt: libxl hypervisor driver for Xen</title>
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<h1>libxl hypervisor driver for Xen</h1>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#project">Project Links</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#prereq">Deployment pre-requisites</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#uri">Connections to libxl driver</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#imex">Import and export of libvirt domain XML configs</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#xmlimport">Converting from XM config files to domain XML</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#xmlexport">Converting from domain XML to XM config files</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#xmlconfig">Example domain XML config</a>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
The libvirt libxl driver provides the ability to manage virtual
machines on any Xen release from 4.6.0 onwards.
</p>
<h2>
<a id="project">Project Links</a>
<a class="headerlink" href="#project" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h2>
<ul>
<li>
The <a href="https://www.xenproject.org">Xen</a>
hypervisor on Linux and Solaris hosts
</li>
</ul>
<h2>
<a id="prereq">Deployment pre-requisites</a>
<a class="headerlink" href="#prereq" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h2>
<p>
The libvirt libxl driver uses Xen's libxl API, also known as
libxenlight, to implement libvirt's hypervisor driver
functionality. libxl provides a consolidated interface for
managing a Xen host and its virtual machines, unlike old
versions of Xen where applications often had to communicate
with xend, xenstored, and the hypervisor itself via hypercalls.
With libxl the only pre-requisit is a properly installed Xen
host with the libxl toolstack running in a service domain
(often Domain-0).
</p>
<h2>
<a id="uri">Connections to libxl driver</a>
<a class="headerlink" href="#uri" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h2>
<p>
The libvirt libxl driver is a single-instance privileged driver,
with a driver name of 'xen'. Some example connection URIs for
the libxl driver are:
</p>
<pre>
xen:///system (local access, direct)
xen+unix:///system (local access, via daemon)
xen://example.com/system (remote access, TLS/x509)
xen+tcp://example.com/system (remote access, SASl/Kerberos)
xen+ssh://root@example.com/system (remote access, SSH tunnelled)
</pre>
<h2>
<a id="imex">Import and export of libvirt domain XML configs</a>
<a class="headerlink" href="#imex" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h2>
<p>
The libxl driver currently supports three native
config formats. The first, known as <code>xen-xm</code>, is the
original Xen virtual machine config format used by the legacy
xm/xend toolstack. The second, known as <code>xen-sxpr</code>,
is also one of the original formats that was used by xend's
legacy HTTP RPC service. For compatibility, import and export
of these legacy formats is supported by the libxl driver.
</p>
<p>
The third format is <code>xen-xl</code>, which is the virtual
machine config format supported by modern Xen. The <code>xen-xl</code>
format is described in the xl.cfg(5) man page.
</p>
<h3>
<a id="xmlimport">Converting from XM config files to domain XML</a>
<a class="headerlink" href="#xmlimport" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h3>
<p>
The <code>virsh domxml-from-native</code> provides a way to convert an
existing set of xl, xm, or sxpr config files to libvirt Domain XML,
which can then be used by libvirt.
</p>
<pre>$ virsh -c xen:///system domxml-from-native xen-xm rhel5.cfg
<domain type='xen'>
<name>rhel5pv</name>
<uuid>8f07fe28-753f-2729-d76d-bdbd892f949a</uuid>
<memory>2560000</memory>
<currentMemory>307200</currentMemory>
<vcpu>4</vcpu>
<bootloader>/usr/bin/pygrub</bootloader>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='xenpv'>linux</type>
</os>
<clock offset='utc'/>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<devices>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='tap' type='aio'/>
<source file='/var/lib/xen/images/rhel5pv.img'/>
<target dev='xvda' bus='xen'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='tap' type='qcow'/>
<source file='/root/qcow1-xen.img'/>
<target dev='xvdd' bus='xen'/>
</disk>
<interface type='bridge'>
<mac address='00:16:3e:60:36:ba'/>
<source bridge='xenbr0'/>
</interface>
<console type='pty'>
<target port='0'/>
</console>
<input type='mouse' bus='xen'/>
<graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' listen='0.0.0.0'/>
</devices>
</domain></pre>
<h3>
<a id="xmlexport">Converting from domain XML to XM config files</a>
<a class="headerlink" href="#xmlexport" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h3>
<p>
The <code>virsh domxml-to-native</code> provides a way to convert a
guest description using libvirt Domain XML into xl, xm, or sxpr config
format.
</p>
<pre>$ virsh -c xen:///system domxml-to-native xen-xm rhel5pv.xml
name = "rhel5pv"
uuid = "8f07fe28-753f-2729-d76d-bdbd892f949a"
maxmem = 2500
memory = 300
vcpus = 4
bootloader = "/usr/bin/pygrub"
kernel = "/var/lib/xen/boot_kernel.0YK-cS"
ramdisk = "/var/lib/xen/boot_ramdisk.vWgrxK"
extra = "ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet"
on_poweroff = "destroy"
on_reboot = "restart"
on_crash = "restart"
sdl = 0
vnc = 1
vncunused = 1
vnclisten = "0.0.0.0"
disk = [ "tap:aio:/var/lib/xen/images/rhel5pv.img,xvda,w", "tap:qcow:/root/qcow1-xen.img,xvdd,w" ]
vif = [ "mac=00:16:3e:60:36:ba,bridge=virbr0,script=vif-bridge,vifname=vif5.0" ]</pre>
<h2>
<a id="xmlconfig">Example domain XML config</a>
<a class="headerlink" href="#xmlconfig" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h2>
<p>
Below are some example XML configurations for Xen guest domains.
For full details of the available options, consult the <a href="formatdomain.html">domain XML format</a>
guide.
</p>
<h3>Paravirtualized guest bootloader</h3>
<p>
Using a bootloader allows a paravirtualized guest to be booted using
a kernel stored inside its virtual disk image
</p>
<pre><domain type='xen' >
<name>fc8</name>
<bootloader>/usr/bin/pygrub</bootloader>
<os>
<type>linux</type>
</os>
<memory>131072</memory>
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
<devices>
<disk type='file'>
<source file='/var/lib/xen/images/fc4.img'/>
<target dev='sda1'/>
</disk>
<interface type='bridge'>
<source bridge='xenbr0'/>
<mac address='aa:00:00:00:00:11'/>
<script path='/etc/xen/scripts/vif-bridge'/>
</interface>
<console tty='/dev/pts/5'/>
</devices>
</domain></pre>
<h3>Paravirtualized guest direct kernel boot</h3>
<p>
For installation of paravirtualized guests it is typical to boot the
domain using a kernel and initrd stored in the host OS
</p>
<pre><domain type='xen' >
<name>fc8</name>
<os>
<type>linux</type>
<kernel>/var/lib/xen/install/vmlinuz-fedora8-x86_64</kernel>
<initrd>/var/lib/xen/install/initrd-vmlinuz-fedora8-x86_64</initrd>
<cmdline> kickstart=http://example.com/myguest.ks </cmdline>
</os>
<memory>131072</memory>
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
<devices>
<disk type='file'>
<source file='/var/lib/xen/images/fc4.img'/>
<target dev='sda1'/>
</disk>
<interface type='bridge'>
<source bridge='xenbr0'/>
<mac address='aa:00:00:00:00:11'/>
<script path='/etc/xen/scripts/vif-bridge'/>
</interface>
<graphics type='vnc' port='-1'/>
<console tty='/dev/pts/5'/>
</devices>
</domain></pre>
<h3>Fullyvirtualized guest BIOS boot</h3>
<p>
Fullyvirtualized guests use the emulated BIOS to boot off the primary
harddisk, CDROM or Network PXE ROM.
</p>
<pre><domain type='xen' id='3'>
<name>fv0</name>
<uuid>4dea22b31d52d8f32516782e98ab3fa0</uuid>
<os>
<type>hvm</type>
<loader>/usr/lib/xen/boot/hvmloader</loader>
<boot dev='hd'/>
</os>
<memory>524288</memory>
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<features>
<pae/>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
</features>
<clock sync="localtime"/>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/lib/xen/bin/qemu-dm</emulator>
<interface type='bridge'>
<source bridge='xenbr0'/>
<mac address='00:16:3e:5d:c7:9e'/>
<script path='vif-bridge'/>
</interface>
<disk type='file'>
<source file='/var/lib/xen/images/fv0'/>
<target dev='hda'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<source file='/var/lib/xen/images/fc5-x86_64-boot.iso'/>
<target dev='hdc'/>
<readonly/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='floppy'>
<source file='/root/fd.img'/>
<target dev='fda'/>
</disk>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5904'/>
</devices>
</domain></pre>
<h3>Fullyvirtualized guest direct kernel boot</h3>
<p>
With Xen 3.2.0 or later it is possible to bypass the BIOS and directly
boot a Linux kernel and initrd as a fullyvirtualized domain. This allows
for complete automation of OS installation, for example using the Anaconda
kickstart support.
</p>
<pre><domain type='xen' id='3'>
<name>fv0</name>
<uuid>4dea22b31d52d8f32516782e98ab3fa0</uuid>
<os>
<type>hvm</type>
<loader>/usr/lib/xen/boot/hvmloader</loader>
<kernel>/var/lib/xen/install/vmlinuz-fedora8-x86_64</kernel>
<initrd>/var/lib/xen/install/initrd-vmlinuz-fedora8-x86_64</initrd>
<cmdline> kickstart=http://example.com/myguest.ks </cmdline>
</os>
<memory>524288</memory>
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<features>
<pae/>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
</features>
<clock sync="localtime"/>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/lib/xen/bin/qemu-dm</emulator>
<interface type='bridge'>
<source bridge='xenbr0'/>
<mac address='00:16:3e:5d:c7:9e'/>
<script path='vif-bridge'/>
</interface>
<disk type='file'>
<source file='/var/lib/xen/images/fv0'/>
<target dev='hda'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<source file='/var/lib/xen/images/fc5-x86_64-boot.iso'/>
<target dev='hdc'/>
<readonly/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='floppy'>
<source file='/root/fd.img'/>
<target dev='fda'/>
</disk>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5904'/>
</devices>
</domain></pre>
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