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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Code for replacing ftrace calls with jumps.
*
* Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
*
* Thanks goes out to P.A. Semi, Inc for supplying me with a PPC64 box.
*
* Added function graph tracer code, taken from x86 that was written
* by Frederic Weisbecker, and ported to PPC by Steven Rostedt.
*
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "ftrace-powerpc: " fmt
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
#include <asm/text-patching.h>
#include <asm/ftrace.h>
#include <asm/syscall.h>
#include <asm/inst.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
#define NUM_FTRACE_TRAMPS 2
static unsigned long ftrace_tramps[NUM_FTRACE_TRAMPS];
unsigned long ftrace_call_adjust(unsigned long addr)
{
if (addr >= (unsigned long)__exittext_begin && addr < (unsigned long)__exittext_end)
return 0;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_USING_PATCHABLE_FUNCTION_ENTRY) &&
!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE)) {
addr += MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_CALL_OPS))
addr += MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE;
}
return addr;
}
static ppc_inst_t ftrace_create_branch_inst(unsigned long ip, unsigned long addr, int link)
{
ppc_inst_t op;
WARN_ON(!is_offset_in_branch_range(addr - ip));
create_branch(&op, (u32 *)ip, addr, link ? BRANCH_SET_LINK : 0);
return op;
}
static inline int ftrace_read_inst(unsigned long ip, ppc_inst_t *op)
{
if (copy_inst_from_kernel_nofault(op, (void *)ip)) {
pr_err("0x%lx: fetching instruction failed\n", ip);
return -EFAULT;
}
return 0;
}
static inline int ftrace_validate_inst(unsigned long ip, ppc_inst_t inst)
{
ppc_inst_t op;
int ret;
ret = ftrace_read_inst(ip, &op);
if (!ret && !ppc_inst_equal(op, inst)) {
pr_err("0x%lx: expected (%08lx) != found (%08lx)\n",
ip, ppc_inst_as_ulong(inst), ppc_inst_as_ulong(op));
ret = -EINVAL;
}
return ret;
}
static inline int ftrace_modify_code(unsigned long ip, ppc_inst_t old, ppc_inst_t new)
{
int ret = ftrace_validate_inst(ip, old);
if (!ret && !ppc_inst_equal(old, new))
ret = patch_instruction((u32 *)ip, new);
return ret;
}
static int is_bl_op(ppc_inst_t op)
{
return (ppc_inst_val(op) & ~PPC_LI_MASK) == PPC_RAW_BL(0);
}
static unsigned long find_ftrace_tramp(unsigned long ip)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < NUM_FTRACE_TRAMPS; i++)
if (!ftrace_tramps[i])
continue;
else if (is_offset_in_branch_range(ftrace_tramps[i] - ip))
return ftrace_tramps[i];
return 0;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
static unsigned long ftrace_lookup_module_stub(unsigned long ip, unsigned long addr)
{
struct module *mod = NULL;
scoped_guard(rcu)
mod = __module_text_address(ip);
if (!mod)
pr_err("No module loaded at addr=%lx\n", ip);
return (addr == (unsigned long)ftrace_caller ? mod->arch.tramp : mod->arch.tramp_regs);
}
#else
static unsigned long ftrace_lookup_module_stub(unsigned long ip, unsigned long addr)
{
return 0;
}
#endif
static unsigned long ftrace_get_ool_stub(struct dyn_ftrace *rec)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE
return rec->arch.ool_stub;
#else
BUILD_BUG();
#endif
}
static int ftrace_get_call_inst(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr, ppc_inst_t *call_inst)
{
unsigned long ip;
unsigned long stub;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE))
ip = ftrace_get_ool_stub(rec) + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE; /* second instruction in stub */
else
ip = rec->ip;
if (!is_offset_in_branch_range(addr - ip) && addr != FTRACE_ADDR &&
addr != FTRACE_REGS_ADDR) {
/* This can only happen with ftrace direct */
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_DIRECT_CALLS)) {
pr_err("0x%lx (0x%lx): Unexpected target address 0x%lx\n",
ip, rec->ip, addr);
return -EINVAL;
}
addr = FTRACE_ADDR;
}
if (is_offset_in_branch_range(addr - ip))
/* Within range */
stub = addr;
else if (core_kernel_text(ip))
/* We would be branching to one of our ftrace stubs */
stub = find_ftrace_tramp(ip);
else
stub = ftrace_lookup_module_stub(ip, addr);
if (!stub) {
pr_err("0x%lx (0x%lx): No ftrace stubs reachable\n", ip, rec->ip);
return -EINVAL;
}
*call_inst = ftrace_create_branch_inst(ip, stub, 1);
return 0;
}
static int ftrace_init_ool_stub(struct module *mod, struct dyn_ftrace *rec)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE
static int ool_stub_text_index, ool_stub_text_end_index, ool_stub_inittext_index;
int ret = 0, ool_stub_count, *ool_stub_index;
ppc_inst_t inst;
/*
* See ftrace_entry.S if changing the below instruction sequence, as we rely on
* decoding the last branch instruction here to recover the correct function ip.
*/
struct ftrace_ool_stub *ool_stub, ool_stub_template = {
.insn = {
PPC_RAW_MFLR(_R0),
PPC_RAW_NOP(), /* bl ftrace_caller */
PPC_RAW_MTLR(_R0),
PPC_RAW_NOP() /* b rec->ip + 4 */
}
};
WARN_ON(rec->arch.ool_stub);
if (is_kernel_inittext(rec->ip)) {
ool_stub = ftrace_ool_stub_inittext;
ool_stub_index = &ool_stub_inittext_index;
ool_stub_count = ftrace_ool_stub_inittext_count;
} else if (is_kernel_text(rec->ip)) {
/*
* ftrace records are sorted, so we first use up the stub area within .text
* (ftrace_ool_stub_text) before using the area at the end of .text
* (ftrace_ool_stub_text_end), unless the stub is out of range of the record.
*/
if (ool_stub_text_index >= ftrace_ool_stub_text_count ||
!is_offset_in_branch_range((long)rec->ip -
(long)&ftrace_ool_stub_text[ool_stub_text_index])) {
ool_stub = ftrace_ool_stub_text_end;
ool_stub_index = &ool_stub_text_end_index;
ool_stub_count = ftrace_ool_stub_text_end_count;
} else {
ool_stub = ftrace_ool_stub_text;
ool_stub_index = &ool_stub_text_index;
ool_stub_count = ftrace_ool_stub_text_count;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
} else if (mod) {
ool_stub = mod->arch.ool_stubs;
ool_stub_index = &mod->arch.ool_stub_index;
ool_stub_count = mod->arch.ool_stub_count;
#endif
} else {
return -EINVAL;
}
ool_stub += (*ool_stub_index)++;
if (WARN_ON(*ool_stub_index > ool_stub_count))
return -EINVAL;
if (!is_offset_in_branch_range((long)rec->ip - (long)&ool_stub->insn[0]) ||
!is_offset_in_branch_range((long)(rec->ip + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE) -
(long)&ool_stub->insn[3])) {
pr_err("%s: ftrace ool stub out of range (%p -> %p).\n",
__func__, (void *)rec->ip, (void *)&ool_stub->insn[0]);
return -EINVAL;
}
rec->arch.ool_stub = (unsigned long)&ool_stub->insn[0];
/* bl ftrace_caller */
if (!mod)
ret = ftrace_get_call_inst(rec, (unsigned long)ftrace_caller, &inst);
#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
else
/*
* We can't use ftrace_get_call_inst() since that uses
* __module_text_address(rec->ip) to look up the module.
* But, since the module is not fully formed at this stage,
* the lookup fails. We know the target though, so generate
* the branch inst directly.
*/
inst = ftrace_create_branch_inst(ftrace_get_ool_stub(rec) + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE,
mod->arch.tramp, 1);
#endif
ool_stub_template.insn[1] = ppc_inst_val(inst);
/* b rec->ip + 4 */
if (!ret && create_branch(&inst, &ool_stub->insn[3], rec->ip + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE, 0))
return -EINVAL;
ool_stub_template.insn[3] = ppc_inst_val(inst);
if (!ret)
ret = patch_instructions((u32 *)ool_stub, (u32 *)&ool_stub_template,
sizeof(ool_stub_template), false);
return ret;
#else /* !CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE */
BUILD_BUG();
#endif
}
#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_CALL_OPS
static const struct ftrace_ops *powerpc_rec_get_ops(struct dyn_ftrace *rec)
{
const struct ftrace_ops *ops = NULL;
if (rec->flags & FTRACE_FL_CALL_OPS_EN) {
ops = ftrace_find_unique_ops(rec);
WARN_ON_ONCE(!ops);
}
if (!ops)
ops = &ftrace_list_ops;
return ops;
}
static int ftrace_rec_set_ops(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, const struct ftrace_ops *ops)
{
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE))
return patch_ulong((void *)(ftrace_get_ool_stub(rec) - sizeof(unsigned long)),
(unsigned long)ops);
else
return patch_ulong((void *)(rec->ip - MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE - sizeof(unsigned long)),
(unsigned long)ops);
}
static int ftrace_rec_set_nop_ops(struct dyn_ftrace *rec)
{
return ftrace_rec_set_ops(rec, &ftrace_nop_ops);
}
static int ftrace_rec_update_ops(struct dyn_ftrace *rec)
{
return ftrace_rec_set_ops(rec, powerpc_rec_get_ops(rec));
}
#else
static int ftrace_rec_set_nop_ops(struct dyn_ftrace *rec) { return 0; }
static int ftrace_rec_update_ops(struct dyn_ftrace *rec) { return 0; }
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS
int ftrace_modify_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long old_addr, unsigned long addr)
{
/* This should never be called since we override ftrace_replace_code() */
WARN_ON(1);
return -EINVAL;
}
#endif
int ftrace_make_call(struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
{
ppc_inst_t old, new;
unsigned long ip = rec->ip;
int ret = 0;
/* This can only ever be called during module load */
if (WARN_ON(!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MODULES) || core_kernel_text(ip)))
return -EINVAL;
old = ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP());
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE)) {
ip = ftrace_get_ool_stub(rec) + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE; /* second instruction in stub */
ret = ftrace_get_call_inst(rec, (unsigned long)ftrace_caller, &old);
}
ret |= ftrace_get_call_inst(rec, addr, &new);
if (!ret)
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
ret = ftrace_rec_update_ops(rec);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (!ret && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE))
ret = ftrace_modify_code(rec->ip, ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP()),
ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_BRANCH((long)ftrace_get_ool_stub(rec) - (long)rec->ip)));
return ret;
}
int ftrace_make_nop(struct module *mod, struct dyn_ftrace *rec, unsigned long addr)
{
/*
* This should never be called since we override ftrace_replace_code(),
* as well as ftrace_init_nop()
*/
WARN_ON(1);
return -EINVAL;
}
void ftrace_replace_code(int enable)
{
ppc_inst_t old, new, call_inst, new_call_inst;
ppc_inst_t nop_inst = ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP());
unsigned long ip, new_addr, addr;
struct ftrace_rec_iter *iter;
struct dyn_ftrace *rec;
int ret = 0, update;
for_ftrace_rec_iter(iter) {
rec = ftrace_rec_iter_record(iter);
ip = rec->ip;
if (rec->flags & FTRACE_FL_DISABLED && !(rec->flags & FTRACE_FL_ENABLED))
continue;
addr = ftrace_get_addr_curr(rec);
new_addr = ftrace_get_addr_new(rec);
update = ftrace_update_record(rec, enable);
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE) && update != FTRACE_UPDATE_IGNORE) {
ip = ftrace_get_ool_stub(rec) + MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE;
ret = ftrace_get_call_inst(rec, (unsigned long)ftrace_caller, &nop_inst);
if (ret)
goto out;
}
switch (update) {
case FTRACE_UPDATE_IGNORE:
default:
continue;
case FTRACE_UPDATE_MODIFY_CALL:
ret = ftrace_get_call_inst(rec, new_addr, &new_call_inst);
ret |= ftrace_get_call_inst(rec, addr, &call_inst);
ret |= ftrace_rec_update_ops(rec);
old = call_inst;
new = new_call_inst;
break;
case FTRACE_UPDATE_MAKE_NOP:
ret = ftrace_get_call_inst(rec, addr, &call_inst);
ret |= ftrace_rec_set_nop_ops(rec);
old = call_inst;
new = nop_inst;
break;
case FTRACE_UPDATE_MAKE_CALL:
ret = ftrace_get_call_inst(rec, new_addr, &call_inst);
ret |= ftrace_rec_update_ops(rec);
old = nop_inst;
new = call_inst;
break;
}
if (!ret)
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
if (!ret && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE) &&
(update == FTRACE_UPDATE_MAKE_NOP || update == FTRACE_UPDATE_MAKE_CALL)) {
/* Update the actual ftrace location */
call_inst = ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_BRANCH((long)ftrace_get_ool_stub(rec) -
(long)rec->ip));
nop_inst = ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP());
ip = rec->ip;
if (update == FTRACE_UPDATE_MAKE_NOP)
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, call_inst, nop_inst);
else
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, nop_inst, call_inst);
if (ret)
goto out;
}
if (ret)
goto out;
}
out:
if (ret)
ftrace_bug(ret, rec);
return;
}
int ftrace_init_nop(struct module *mod, struct dyn_ftrace *rec)
{
unsigned long addr, ip = rec->ip;
ppc_inst_t old, new;
int ret = 0;
/* Verify instructions surrounding the ftrace location */
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_USING_PATCHABLE_FUNCTION_ENTRY)) {
/* Expect nops */
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE))
ret = ftrace_validate_inst(ip - 4, ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP()));
if (!ret)
ret = ftrace_validate_inst(ip, ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP()));
} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC32)) {
/* Expected sequence: 'mflr r0', 'stw r0,4(r1)', 'bl _mcount' */
ret = ftrace_validate_inst(ip - 8, ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_MFLR(_R0)));
if (ret)
return ret;
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip - 4, ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_STW(_R0, _R1, 4)),
ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP()));
} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MPROFILE_KERNEL)) {
/* Expected sequence: 'mflr r0', ['std r0,16(r1)'], 'bl _mcount' */
ret = ftrace_read_inst(ip - 4, &old);
if (!ret && !ppc_inst_equal(old, ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_MFLR(_R0)))) {
/* Gcc v5.x emit the additional 'std' instruction, gcc v6.x don't */
ret = ftrace_validate_inst(ip - 8, ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_MFLR(_R0)));
if (ret)
return ret;
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip - 4, ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_STD(_R0, _R1, 16)),
ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP()));
}
} else {
return -EINVAL;
}
if (ret)
return ret;
/* Set up out-of-line stub */
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_FTRACE_OUT_OF_LINE))
return ftrace_init_ool_stub(mod, rec);
/* Nop-out the ftrace location */
new = ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP());
addr = MCOUNT_ADDR;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_USING_PATCHABLE_FUNCTION_ENTRY)) {
/* we instead patch-in the 'mflr r0' */
old = ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_NOP());
new = ppc_inst(PPC_RAW_MFLR(_R0));
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip - 4, old, new);
} else if (is_offset_in_branch_range(addr - ip)) {
/* Within range */
old = ftrace_create_branch_inst(ip, addr, 1);
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
} else if (core_kernel_text(ip) || (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MODULES) && mod)) {
/*
* We would be branching to a linker-generated stub, or to the module _mcount
* stub. Let's just confirm we have a 'bl' here.
*/
ret = ftrace_read_inst(ip, &old);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (!is_bl_op(old)) {
pr_err("0x%lx: expected (bl) != found (%08lx)\n", ip, ppc_inst_as_ulong(old));
return -EINVAL;
}
ret = patch_instruction((u32 *)ip, new);
} else {
return -EINVAL;
}
return ret;
}
int ftrace_update_ftrace_func(ftrace_func_t func)
{
unsigned long ip = (unsigned long)(&ftrace_call);
ppc_inst_t old, new;
int ret;
/*
* When using CALL_OPS, the function to call is associated with the
* call site, and we don't have a global function pointer to update.
*/
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_CALL_OPS))
return 0;
old = ppc_inst_read((u32 *)&ftrace_call);
new = ftrace_create_branch_inst(ip, ppc_function_entry(func), 1);
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
/* Also update the regs callback function */
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS) && !ret) {
ip = (unsigned long)(&ftrace_regs_call);
old = ppc_inst_read((u32 *)&ftrace_regs_call);
new = ftrace_create_branch_inst(ip, ppc_function_entry(func), 1);
ret = ftrace_modify_code(ip, old, new);
}
return ret;
}
/*
* Use the default ftrace_modify_all_code, but without
* stop_machine().
*/
void arch_ftrace_update_code(int command)
{
ftrace_modify_all_code(command);
}
void ftrace_free_init_tramp(void)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < NUM_FTRACE_TRAMPS && ftrace_tramps[i]; i++)
if (ftrace_tramps[i] == (unsigned long)ftrace_tramp_init) {
ftrace_tramps[i] = 0;
return;
}
}
static void __init add_ftrace_tramp(unsigned long tramp)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < NUM_FTRACE_TRAMPS; i++)
if (!ftrace_tramps[i]) {
ftrace_tramps[i] = tramp;
return;
}
}
int __init ftrace_dyn_arch_init(void)
{
unsigned int *tramp[] = { ftrace_tramp_text, ftrace_tramp_init };
unsigned long addr = FTRACE_REGS_ADDR;
long reladdr;
int i;
u32 stub_insns[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC_KERNEL_PCREL
/* pla r12,addr */
PPC_PREFIX_MLS | __PPC_PRFX_R(1),
PPC_INST_PADDI | ___PPC_RT(_R12),
PPC_RAW_MTCTR(_R12),
PPC_RAW_BCTR()
#elif defined(CONFIG_PPC64)
PPC_RAW_LD(_R12, _R13, offsetof(struct paca_struct, kernel_toc)),
PPC_RAW_ADDIS(_R12, _R12, 0),
PPC_RAW_ADDI(_R12, _R12, 0),
PPC_RAW_MTCTR(_R12),
PPC_RAW_BCTR()
#else
PPC_RAW_LIS(_R12, 0),
PPC_RAW_ADDI(_R12, _R12, 0),
PPC_RAW_MTCTR(_R12),
PPC_RAW_BCTR()
#endif
};
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC_KERNEL_PCREL)) {
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
reladdr = addr - (unsigned long)tramp[i];
if (reladdr >= (long)SZ_8G || reladdr < -(long)SZ_8G) {
pr_err("Address of %ps out of range of pcrel address.\n",
(void *)addr);
return -1;
}
memcpy(tramp[i], stub_insns, sizeof(stub_insns));
tramp[i][0] |= IMM_H18(reladdr);
tramp[i][1] |= IMM_L(reladdr);
add_ftrace_tramp((unsigned long)tramp[i]);
}
} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PPC64)) {
reladdr = addr - kernel_toc_addr();
if (reladdr >= (long)SZ_2G || reladdr < -(long long)SZ_2G) {
pr_err("Address of %ps out of range of kernel_toc.\n",
(void *)addr);
return -1;
}
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
memcpy(tramp[i], stub_insns, sizeof(stub_insns));
tramp[i][1] |= PPC_HA(reladdr);
tramp[i][2] |= PPC_LO(reladdr);
add_ftrace_tramp((unsigned long)tramp[i]);
}
} else {
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
memcpy(tramp[i], stub_insns, sizeof(stub_insns));
tramp[i][0] |= PPC_HA(addr);
tramp[i][1] |= PPC_LO(addr);
add_ftrace_tramp((unsigned long)tramp[i]);
}
}
return 0;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
void ftrace_graph_func(unsigned long ip, unsigned long parent_ip,
struct ftrace_ops *op, struct ftrace_regs *fregs)
{
unsigned long sp = arch_ftrace_regs(fregs)->regs.gpr[1];
if (unlikely(ftrace_graph_is_dead()))
goto out;
if (unlikely(atomic_read(¤t->tracing_graph_pause)))
goto out;
if (!function_graph_enter_regs(parent_ip, ip, 0, (unsigned long *)sp, fregs))
parent_ip = ppc_function_entry(return_to_handler);
out:
arch_ftrace_regs(fregs)->regs.link = parent_ip;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER */
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