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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>LIRC - Linux Infrared Remote Control</TITLE>
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<!-- Text ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<!-- lircd.conf ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<A NAME="lircd.conf"></A><HR>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Configuring lircd (the LIRC daemon)</H1>
<HR WIDTH="70%">
<OL>
<LI>Check if there is already a config file in
<em>/etc/lircd.conf</em>. If not</LI>
<LI>check if there is a config file available for your remote control
at the LIRC homepage and copy it to
<em>/etc/lircd.conf</em>. If not</LI>
<LI>start <em>irrecord</em> (finish all applications that access
<em>/dev/lirc</em> first) and follow the instructions given to you by
this program. Copy the resulting file to
<em>/etc/lircd.conf</em>.</LI>
</OL>
<P>
If you want to use more than one remote control you can simply
concatenate the config files: <em>cat config1 config2
>config</em>
</P>
<P>
<B>Note:</B> If you already have a config file for the libirman
package you can convert it using the <em>irman2lirc</em> script
that you can find in the contrib directory.
</P>
<!-- lircd.conf fileformat +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<A NAME="lircd.conf_format"></A><HR>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">The lircd.conf file format</H1>
<HR WIDTH="70%">
<P>
A description of the <A
HREF="http://winlirc.sourceforge.net/technicaldetails.html">file
format</A> is available on the WinLIRC pages. In fact you don't
need to know anything about it except that it's maybe the most
important part of the package.
</P>
<!-- multiple devices ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<A NAME="multiple"></A><HR>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Using multiple different devices simultaneously</H1>
<HR WIDTH="70%">
<P>
There are some situations when you might want to use multiple
devices with LIRC simultaneously. E.g. you might have a TV card
receiver and want to control your set-top box with a home-brew
serial port transmitter at the same time. Or you might have a
serial port receiver connected to your PC and a different
network connected receiver (UDP, different LIRC/WinLIRC
instance) in a different room.
</P>
<P>
The configuration depends much on the type of devices you want
to use. If you are using devices that require a kernel module,
then you should first compile and install LIRC individually for
each device, basically just to get all required kernel modules
installed. The further steps depend on which user-space driver
is used in lircd for your devices. Most devices (actually all
devices that use a kernel module) use the <em>default</em>
driver. You can check which user-space is used for your device
by running <em>lircd --driver=?</em>. Remember that this might
change each time you compile lircd for a different device. If
you want to use devices that use different user-space drivers
then you have to compile LIRC once again using <em>./configure
--with-driver=any</em>. This will compile almost any user-space
driver into lircd that is available (but does not compile any
kernel modules, that's why you had to build them individually
before). After that you should check if the drivers you want are
listed now with <em>lircd --driver=?</em>. You should get
something like this:
</P>
<pre>
> lircd --driver=?
Driver `?' not supported.
Supported drivers:
audio
bte
creative
creative_infracd
default
dev/input
dsp
ea65
irman
livedrive_midi
livedrive_seq
logitech
mp3anywhere
null
pcmak
pinsys
pixelview
silitek
tira
udp
uirt2
uirt2_raw
</pre>
<P>
If you want to use more than one device that uses a kernel
module you should now have a look at the character device setup
in /dev/. Each LIRC kernel module provides a device with major
number 61 and a minor number beginning at 0 which is counted up
every time a new driver is loaded (note: both the major number
and the minor number concept are subject to change in future
LIRC releases). If you want to use two devices then the LIRC
related files in /dev/ should look something like this (this
might be done automatically if you are using devfs or sysfs):
</P>
<pre>
> ls -l /dev/lirc*
crw-r--r-- 1 root root 61, 0 Apr 25 2001 /dev/lirc
crw-r--r-- 1 root root 61, 1 Nov 6 19:24 /dev/lirc1
srw-rw-rw- 1 root root 0 Dez 19 09:44 /dev/lircd
prw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Okt 10 21:16 /dev/lircm
</pre>
<P>
You can create new entries by running:
<pre>
> mknod /dev/lirc2 c 61 2
</pre>
</P>
<P>
For each device you want to use you have to start an individual
lircd instance. If you want to receive events from all receivers
at one socket interface you have to connect the different lircd
interfaces with an additional TCP/IP socket. This could look
e.g. like this:
</P>
<pre>
> lircd --driver=default --device=/dev/lirc1 --output=/dev/lircd1 \
--pidfile=/var/run/lircd1.pid --listen
> lircd --driver=default --device=/dev/lirc --output=/dev/lircd \
--pidfile=/var/run/lircd.pid --connect=localhost:8765
</pre>
<P>
All events will now be visible at /dev/lircd. The second lircd
instance connects to the first instance using a TCP/IP
socket. The default port is 8765. It can be changed by providing
an optional parameter to the <em>--listen</em> switch. If you
have more lircd instances you want to connect to, you can
provide multiple <em>--connect</em> parameters to the last lircd
instance. Please note that lircd will not relay events received
from one lircd to another. So you can't daisy-chain
lircds. Instead you need a star topology setup.
</P>
In order to check each lircd instance individually if events are
being received, just use irw providing the according socket
interface on the command line:
<pre>
> irw /dev/lircd1
</pre>
<P>
Also using a special lircd instance to send infra-red commands
is quite easy: use the --device command line option of irsend to
provide the desired socket interface.
</P>
<P>
The only situation where the described procedure will not work
is when you have two devices that both use a kernel driver that
can only handle one device at once like e.g. lirc_serial,
lirc_sir or lirc_parallel. You can still make it work with a
trick by compiling the affected driver multiple times using
different names and different major numbers. You will find
detailed instructions how to achieve this by searching the
mailing list. Lifting this limitation is one of the todo items
for future releases.
</P>
<!-- lircmd.conf +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<A NAME="lircmd.conf"></A><HR>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Configuring lircmd (the LIRC mouse daemon)</H1>
<HR WIDTH="70%">
<P>
<em>lircmd</em> can be used to emulate a mouse with your remote
control. Depending on the config file described in the next
section it converts IR signals into mouse events. It currently
supports three mouse protocols (MouseSystems, IntelliMouse and
IMPS/2). For compatibility reasons the default protocol is the
MouseSystems protocol but the preferred is the IntelliMouse
protocol. The advantage of this protocol is its wheel-mouse
support. That way you can for example configure Netscape to
scroll if you press certain buttons.
</P>
<P>
IMPS/2 used to be the preferred protocol since it also has
wheel-mouse support and IntelliMouse was not available. However
PS/2 protocol specifies that the mouse must accept and reply to
specific commands, and that can not be done through the pipe
<em>lircmd</em> uses. For this reason IntelliMouse support was
written and is currently the prefered protocol.
</P>
<P>
lircmd can basically be used with two applications: X11 and gpm<BR>
Configuration of both is described here:
</P>
<H3>X11</H3>
<H4>3.x</H4>
<P>
Just put this section in your XF86Config file to use the mouse
in addition to your normal one.
</P>
<PRE>
Section "XInput"
Subsection "Mouse"
Protocol "IntelliMouse"
Device "/dev/lircm"
DeviceName "Remote"
AlwaysCore
EndSubsection
EndSection</PRE>
<P>
Additionally you might have to add
</P>
<PRE>
Buttons 5</PRE>
<P>
to your normal "Pointer" Section in order to make the
wheel buttons work. Of course you have to replace IntelliMouse
with IMPS/2 or MouseSystems if you really want to use one of
this protocols. Colas Nahaboo's <A
HREF="http://www.inria.fr/koala/colas/mouse-wheel-scroll/">X
mouse wheel scroll page</A> gives you further information how to
make use of your new wheel mouse.
</P>
<P>
Make sure you use a current version of X11. There seems to be a
bug in X version 3.3 that can make X crash if you use both mouse
and remote control mouse simultaneously. At least I couldn't
reproduce this with other versions. I also received some notes
that lircmd does not work with certain X11 versions. But almost
always at least one of the protocols did work. So try them all
before trying another X11 version. But always remember that you
have to modify both XF86Config and lircmd.conf so they use the
same protocol.
</P>
<H4>4.x</H4>
<P>
Put this section in your XF86Config-4 file to use the mouse in
addition to your normal one.
</P>
<PRE>
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "LIRC-Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Device" "/dev/lircm"
Option "Protocol" "IntelliMouse"
Option "SendCoreEvents"
Option "Buttons" "5"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection</PRE>
<P>
And add a line to the ServerLayout section like this:
</P>
<PRE>
Section "ServerLayout"
...
InputDevice "LIRC-Mouse" <-- add this line
EndSection</PRE>
<H3>gpm</H3>
<P>
You can also e.g. use <em>multimouse</em> (available at <A
HREF="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/">ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/</A> or
mirrors) or <em>gpm</em> to use it parallel to your normal
mouse. With:
</P>
<PRE>
gpm -t ps2 -R -M -m /dev/lircm -t ms3</PRE>
or<BR>
<PRE>
gpm -t ps2 -R -M -m /dev/lircm -t imps2</PRE>
or<BR>
<PRE>
gpm -t ps2 -R -M -m /dev/lircm -t msc</PRE>
<P>
I can use my usual PS/2 mouse and my remote control
(IntelliMouse, IMPS/2 or MouseSystems protocol) at the same time
to control the mouse pointer.
</P>
<P>
<B>Note:</B> If you update lircmd.conf you can send the HUP
signal to lircmd:
</P>
<PRE>
killall -HUP lircmd</PRE>
<P>
This instructs lircmd to reread its config file. The same is
true for lircd if you change lircd.conf. lircd will also reopen
its log file on SIGHUP.
</P>
<!-- lircmd.conf fileformat ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<A NAME="lircmd.conf_format"></A><HR>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">The lircmd.conf file format</H1>
<HR WIDTH="70%">
<P>
The config file for lircmd is quite simple. Just look at the
example in the contrib directory. Some drivers even already
bring their config file for lircmd with them so lircmd is ready
to run.
</P>
<DL>
<DT>PROTOCOL <<em>protocol</em>></DT>
<DD>
<P>
You can choose between MouseSystems, IntelliMouse and IMPS/2
protocol. The default is MouseSystems protocol.
</P>
</DD>
<DT>ACCELERATOR <<em>start</em>> <<em>max</em>> <<em>multiplier</em>></DT>
<DD>
<P>
Change the values here if your mouse pointer is moving too
fast/slow. Usually the mouse pointer moves 1 pixel every
time it receives a signal. The values here specify how much
mouse movement accelerates if you hold down the according
button on your remote control for a longer timer. The
<em>start</em> value is the threshold that starts
acceleration. Then the amount of pixels is calculated with
the following formula:
<em>x</em>=<em>repeat</em>*<em>multiplier</em>, where repeat
is the number of repeated signals. <em>max</em> specifies
the maximum number of pixels the pointer can move due to a
single command.
</P>
</DD>
<DT>ACTIVATE <<em>remote</em>> <<em>button</em>></DT>
<DT>TOGGLE_ACTIVATE <<em>remote</em>> <<em>button</em>></DT>
<DD>
<P>
I recommend that you use a special button to activate the
mouse daemon with this command. You will see whenever the
daemon is activated/deactivated directly on the screen. If
you omit this command the daemon will always be active.
</P>
<P>
The difference between ACTIVATE and TOGGLE_ACTIVATE is how
you leave the mouse mode. With TOGGLE_ACTIVATE you have to
press the button that you use to enter the mode to leave
it. With ACTIVATE you will leave mouse mode as soon as you
press a button that is not used for any function in the
config file.
</P>
</DD>
<DT>MOVE_ [ N [ E | W ] | E | S [ E | W ] | W ] <<em>remote</em>> <<em>button</em>></DT>
<DD>
<P>
The obvious functionality. You can even get better
granularity by combing different commands (copied from the
config file for AnimaX remotes):
</P>
<PRE>
MOVE_N ANIMAX_MOUSE_PAD MOUSE_NNE
MOVE_NE ANIMAX_MOUSE_PAD MOUSE_NNE</PRE>
<P>
This also demonstrates that all commands are executed
beginning at the top.
</P>
</DD>
<DT>MOVE_[IN|OUT] <<em>remote</em>> <<em>button</em>></DT>
<DD>
<P>
This will only work with IntelliMouse and IMPS/2 protocols
and indicates movement of the wheel.
</P>
</DD>
<DT>BUTTONx_CLICK, BUTTONx_DOWN, BUTTONx_UP, BUTTONx_TOGGLE <<em>remote</em>> <<em>button</em>></DT>
<DD>
<P>
This simulates according events for the left (x=1), middle
(x=2) or right (x=3) mouse button.
</P>
</DD>
<DT>IGNORE <<em>remote</em>> <<em>button</em>></DT>
<DD>
<P>
Pressing ignored buttons won't cause the mouse daemon to deactivate.
This is useful, for example, if your remote sends seperate press or
release codes that you have mapped in your lircd.conf. This only
makes sense if you use ACTIVATE instead of TOGGLE_ACTIVATE.
</P>
</DD>
</DL>
<P>
'*' is allowed as wild card for button and remote. Please note
that every line that fits to the received signal will be
executed. Parsing starts at the top of the file.
</P>
<!-- .lircrc file format ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<A NAME="lircrc_format"></A><HR>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">The .lircrc file format</H1>
<HR WIDTH="70%">
<P>
At this point all you need are the tools, which react on the
signals decoded by lircd. To do this you need a file called
<em>.lircrc</em>. It should be placed in your home
directory. Optionally you can create a system-wide configuration
file located in /etc/lircrc, which will be used when no .lircrc
file can be found in the user's home directory. The idea is to
have configuration information of all clients in one place. That
lets you keep a better overview of clients and simplifies the
use of modes explained later.
</P>
<P>
First I will explain the syntax of the .lircrc file itself. The
config file for LIRC tools consists of one or more of the
following constructions:
</P>
<PRE>
begin
prog = ...
remote = ...
button = ...
repeat = ...
delay = ...
config = ...
mode = ...
flags = ...
end</PRE>
<P>
Bringing it to the point the above says which program
(<em>prog</em>) should do what (<em>config</em>, <em>mode</em>,
<em>flags</em>) if you press a certain button (<em>remote</em>,
<em>button</em>) a specified time (<em>repeat</em>,
<em>delay</em>).
</P>
<DL>
<DT>prog</DT>
<DD>gives the name of the program that should receive the
configstring given in config.
</DD>
<DT>remote, button</DT>
<DD>specify a key of a remote control that launches an
action. Key sequences can be specified by giving more then one
remote/button string. The character '*' can be used as a wild
card for remote or button. The default for remote is '*'. The
remote name must always be given before its according
button. When using key sequences a given remote is valid for
all following buttons until you specify another remote.
</DD>
<DT>repeat</DT>
<DD>tells the program what shall happen if a key is repeated. A
value of zero tells the program to ignore repeated keys. Any
other positive value 'n' tells the program to pass the config
string every 'n'-th time to the according application, when a
key is repeated. The default for repeat is zero.
</DD>
<DT>delay</DT>
<DD>tells the program to ignore the specified number of key repeats
before using the "repeat" configuration directive above. This is
used to prevent double triggers of events when using a fast repeat
rate. A value of zero, which also is the default, will disable the
delay function.
</DD>
<DT>config</DT>
<DD>is the string that will be passed to the according
application whenever the specified key sequence is received by
lircd. If you give more than one config string, the config
strings will be passed to the applications by turns. With this
feature you can for example implement toggle buttons.<BR>
You can pass non-printable characters to applications with all
standard C escape sequences (most common are: \n = line-feed,
\r = carriage return, \t = tab, \e = escape,
\<<em>n</em>> = ASCII code in octal representation,
\x<<em>n</em>> = ASCII code in hexadecimal
representation, \\ = backslash). Additionally you can supply
Ctrl-X by specifying \X where X is an upper character or
@. For example \C is Ctrl-C.
</DD>
<DT>mode</DT>
<DD>tells the program to enter a special mode. You can group
several configurations by putting them into the following,
where mode stands for the mode where these configurations
should be active:
<PRE>
begin mode
...
end mode</PRE>
If mode is equal to the name of a client application this
application will always start in this mode. Consider this
situation: you want to start <em>xawtv</em> with
<em>irexec</em> and enter the <em>tv</em> mode. Then irexec
would enter the tv mode but xawtv would begin without any mode
enabled. By renaming the mode from <em>tv</em> to
<em>xawtv</em> you can solve this problem.
<br>Another way to specify a startup mode is by using the
startup_mode flag as described below.<BR>
<BR>
<em>Caveat:</em> In order to avoid many identical entries all
actions that modify the mode a program currently is in are
independent of the <em>prog</em> token.
</DD>
</DL>
The following are valid flags:
<DL>
<DT>once</DT>
<DD>
This is only allowed in conjunction with the mode
directive. The config string is passed to the application only
the first time the mode is entered or you have explicitly left
this mode. This is useful for starting an application whenever
you enter a special mode.
</DD>
<DT>quit</DT>
<DD>Usually all configurations are examined if they have
to be executed. You can stop this immediately with this flag.
</DD>
<DT>mode</DT>
<DD>This is only allowed within a mode block. It tells the
program to leave this mode.
</DD>
<DT>startup_mode</DT>
<DD>
Tells the program to start in the mode given in the mode
keyword. The following example tells the program to start in
the <em>browser</em> mode
<PRE>
begin
flags = startup_mode
mode = browser
end</PRE>
</DD>
</DL>
<P>
It is possible to split the lirc configuration into several
files by using the <em>include</em> command. It tells the parser
to read the specified file before resuming the current one:
</P>
<PRE>
include ~/.lirc/xawtv</PRE>
<P>
If the specified filename begins with "~/",
"~" will be substituted with the content of the
<em>HOME</em> environment variable. The filename also can be put
inside <> and "" characters which in contrast to
the C preprocessor do not have special meanings.
</P>
<P>
Ok, now a simple example for a <em>.lircrc</em> file (supposed
you use an AnimaX remote and use the sample files for this
remote from the remotes/ directory. If you have another remote
change <em>remote=</em> and <em>button=</em> according to your
remote [this definitions are made in the <em>lircd.conf</em>
file] )
</P>
<PRE>
begin
remote = ANIMAX
button = MENU_DOWN
prog = irexec
repeat = 0
config = echo "Hello world!"
end</PRE>
<P>
If you have saved this as <em>.lircrc</em> in your home
directory, start <em>irexec</em>. Press the button which is
selected in the <em>button=</em> line and you will see a 'Hello
world!' on your screen. As you can see irexec is a simple
program launcher. Of course you can do a lot more than just
start programs.
</P>
<P>
If you start a LIRC client program, it reads your ~/.lircrc and
reacts only on prog= entries which point to itself. All programs
should give you the possibility to use an alternative config
file. If you have included more than one program in your
.lircrc, then start all these programs, they react only to their
according entries in .lircrc. This also leads to a disadvantage
of the mode concept. If you don't start all client programs at a
time the mode they have to maintain may differ between
applications. Also key sequences might not be recognized equally
because all programs then don't have the same starting point.
</P>
<!-- +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ -->
<BR><BR>
<CENTER>[<A HREF="http://www.lirc.org/">LIRC homepage</A>]<BR>
<I>The LIRC Manual, last update: 12-Sep-2002</I></CENTER>
<BR><BR>
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