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//===--- Pointer.h - Types for the constexpr VM -----------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Defines the classes responsible for pointer tracking.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#ifndef LLVM_CLANG_AST_INTERP_POINTER_H
#define LLVM_CLANG_AST_INTERP_POINTER_H
#include "Descriptor.h"
#include "FunctionPointer.h"
#include "InterpBlock.h"
#include "clang/AST/ComparisonCategories.h"
#include "clang/AST/Decl.h"
#include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h"
#include "clang/AST/Expr.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
namespace clang {
namespace interp {
class Block;
class DeadBlock;
class Pointer;
class Context;
template <unsigned A, bool B> class Integral;
enum PrimType : unsigned;
class Pointer;
inline llvm::raw_ostream &operator<<(llvm::raw_ostream &OS, const Pointer &P);
struct BlockPointer {
/// The block the pointer is pointing to.
Block *Pointee;
/// Start of the current subfield.
unsigned Base;
};
struct IntPointer {
const Descriptor *Desc;
uint64_t Value;
IntPointer atOffset(const ASTContext &ASTCtx, unsigned Offset) const;
IntPointer baseCast(const ASTContext &ASTCtx, unsigned BaseOffset) const;
};
struct TypeidPointer {
const Type *TypePtr;
const Type *TypeInfoType;
};
enum class Storage { Block, Int, Fn, Typeid };
/// A pointer to a memory block, live or dead.
///
/// This object can be allocated into interpreter stack frames. If pointing to
/// a live block, it is a link in the chain of pointers pointing to the block.
///
/// In the simplest form, a Pointer has a Block* (the pointee) and both Base
/// and Offset are 0, which means it will point to raw data.
///
/// The Base field is used to access metadata about the data. For primitive
/// arrays, the Base is followed by an InitMap. In a variety of cases, the
/// Base is preceded by an InlineDescriptor, which is used to track the
/// initialization state, among other things.
///
/// The Offset field is used to access the actual data. In other words, the
/// data the pointer decribes can be found at
/// Pointee->rawData() + Pointer.Offset.
///
///
/// Pointee Offset
/// │ │
/// │ │
/// ▼ ▼
/// ┌───────┬────────────┬─────────┬────────────────────────────┐
/// │ Block │ InlineDesc │ InitMap │ Actual Data │
/// └───────┴────────────┴─────────┴────────────────────────────┘
/// ▲
/// │
/// │
/// Base
class Pointer {
private:
static constexpr unsigned PastEndMark = ~0u;
static constexpr unsigned RootPtrMark = ~0u;
public:
Pointer() {
StorageKind = Storage::Int;
PointeeStorage.Int.Value = 0;
PointeeStorage.Int.Desc = nullptr;
}
Pointer(IntPointer &&IntPtr) : StorageKind(Storage::Int) {
PointeeStorage.Int = std::move(IntPtr);
}
Pointer(Block *B);
Pointer(Block *B, uint64_t BaseAndOffset);
Pointer(const Pointer &P);
Pointer(Pointer &&P);
Pointer(uint64_t Address, const Descriptor *Desc, uint64_t Offset = 0)
: Offset(Offset), StorageKind(Storage::Int) {
PointeeStorage.Int.Value = Address;
PointeeStorage.Int.Desc = Desc;
}
Pointer(const Function *F, uint64_t Offset = 0)
: Offset(Offset), StorageKind(Storage::Fn) {
PointeeStorage.Fn = FunctionPointer(F);
}
Pointer(const Type *TypePtr, const Type *TypeInfoType, uint64_t Offset = 0)
: Offset(Offset), StorageKind(Storage::Typeid) {
PointeeStorage.Typeid.TypePtr = TypePtr;
PointeeStorage.Typeid.TypeInfoType = TypeInfoType;
}
Pointer(Block *Pointee, unsigned Base, uint64_t Offset);
~Pointer();
void operator=(const Pointer &P);
void operator=(Pointer &&P);
/// Equality operators are just for tests.
bool operator==(const Pointer &P) const {
if (P.StorageKind != StorageKind)
return false;
if (isIntegralPointer())
return P.asIntPointer().Value == asIntPointer().Value &&
Offset == P.Offset;
assert(isBlockPointer());
return P.asBlockPointer().Pointee == asBlockPointer().Pointee &&
P.asBlockPointer().Base == asBlockPointer().Base &&
Offset == P.Offset;
}
bool operator!=(const Pointer &P) const { return !(P == *this); }
/// Converts the pointer to an APValue.
APValue toAPValue(const ASTContext &ASTCtx) const;
/// Converts the pointer to a string usable in diagnostics.
std::string toDiagnosticString(const ASTContext &Ctx) const;
uint64_t getIntegerRepresentation() const {
if (isIntegralPointer())
return asIntPointer().Value + (Offset * elemSize());
if (isFunctionPointer())
return asFunctionPointer().getIntegerRepresentation() + Offset;
return reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(asBlockPointer().Pointee) + Offset;
}
/// Converts the pointer to an APValue that is an rvalue.
std::optional<APValue> toRValue(const Context &Ctx,
QualType ResultType) const;
/// Offsets a pointer inside an array.
[[nodiscard]] Pointer atIndex(uint64_t Idx) const {
if (isIntegralPointer())
return Pointer(asIntPointer().Value, asIntPointer().Desc, Idx);
if (isFunctionPointer())
return Pointer(asFunctionPointer().getFunction(), Idx);
if (asBlockPointer().Base == RootPtrMark)
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, RootPtrMark,
getDeclDesc()->getSize());
uint64_t Off = Idx * elemSize();
if (getFieldDesc()->ElemDesc)
Off += sizeof(InlineDescriptor);
else
Off += sizeof(InitMapPtr);
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, asBlockPointer().Base,
asBlockPointer().Base + Off);
}
/// Creates a pointer to a field.
[[nodiscard]] Pointer atField(unsigned Off) const {
assert(isBlockPointer());
unsigned Field = Offset + Off;
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, Field, Field);
}
/// Subtract the given offset from the current Base and Offset
/// of the pointer.
[[nodiscard]] Pointer atFieldSub(unsigned Off) const {
assert(Offset >= Off);
unsigned O = Offset - Off;
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, O, O);
}
/// Restricts the scope of an array element pointer.
[[nodiscard]] Pointer narrow() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return *this;
assert(isBlockPointer());
// Null pointers cannot be narrowed.
if (isZero() || isUnknownSizeArray())
return *this;
// Pointer to an array of base types - enter block.
if (asBlockPointer().Base == RootPtrMark)
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, sizeof(InlineDescriptor),
Offset == 0 ? Offset : PastEndMark);
// Pointer is one past end - magic offset marks that.
if (isOnePastEnd())
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, asBlockPointer().Base,
PastEndMark);
// Primitive arrays are a bit special since they do not have inline
// descriptors. If Offset != Base, then the pointer already points to
// an element and there is nothing to do. Otherwise, the pointer is
// adjusted to the first element of the array.
if (inPrimitiveArray()) {
if (Offset != asBlockPointer().Base)
return *this;
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, asBlockPointer().Base,
Offset + sizeof(InitMapPtr));
}
// Pointer is to a field or array element - enter it.
if (Offset != asBlockPointer().Base)
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, Offset, Offset);
// Enter the first element of an array.
if (!getFieldDesc()->isArray())
return *this;
const unsigned NewBase = asBlockPointer().Base + sizeof(InlineDescriptor);
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, NewBase, NewBase);
}
/// Expands a pointer to the containing array, undoing narrowing.
[[nodiscard]] Pointer expand() const {
assert(isBlockPointer());
Block *Pointee = asBlockPointer().Pointee;
if (isElementPastEnd()) {
// Revert to an outer one-past-end pointer.
unsigned Adjust;
if (inPrimitiveArray())
Adjust = sizeof(InitMapPtr);
else
Adjust = sizeof(InlineDescriptor);
return Pointer(Pointee, asBlockPointer().Base,
asBlockPointer().Base + getSize() + Adjust);
}
// Do not step out of array elements.
if (asBlockPointer().Base != Offset)
return *this;
if (isRoot())
return Pointer(Pointee, asBlockPointer().Base, asBlockPointer().Base);
// Step into the containing array, if inside one.
unsigned Next = asBlockPointer().Base - getInlineDesc()->Offset;
const Descriptor *Desc =
(Next == Pointee->getDescriptor()->getMetadataSize())
? getDeclDesc()
: getDescriptor(Next)->Desc;
if (!Desc->IsArray)
return *this;
return Pointer(Pointee, Next, Offset);
}
/// Checks if the pointer is null.
bool isZero() const {
if (isBlockPointer())
return asBlockPointer().Pointee == nullptr;
if (isFunctionPointer())
return asFunctionPointer().isZero();
if (isTypeidPointer())
return false;
assert(isIntegralPointer());
return asIntPointer().Value == 0 && Offset == 0;
}
/// Checks if the pointer is live.
bool isLive() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return true;
return asBlockPointer().Pointee && !asBlockPointer().Pointee->IsDead;
}
/// Checks if the item is a field in an object.
bool isField() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
return !isRoot() && getFieldDesc()->asDecl();
}
/// Accessor for information about the declaration site.
const Descriptor *getDeclDesc() const {
if (isIntegralPointer())
return asIntPointer().Desc;
if (isFunctionPointer() || isTypeidPointer())
return nullptr;
assert(isBlockPointer());
assert(asBlockPointer().Pointee);
return asBlockPointer().Pointee->Desc;
}
SourceLocation getDeclLoc() const { return getDeclDesc()->getLocation(); }
/// Returns the expression or declaration the pointer has been created for.
DeclTy getSource() const {
if (isBlockPointer())
return getDeclDesc()->getSource();
if (isFunctionPointer()) {
const Function *F = asFunctionPointer().getFunction();
return F ? F->getDecl() : DeclTy();
}
assert(isIntegralPointer());
return asIntPointer().Desc ? asIntPointer().Desc->getSource() : DeclTy();
}
/// Returns a pointer to the object of which this pointer is a field.
[[nodiscard]] Pointer getBase() const {
if (asBlockPointer().Base == RootPtrMark) {
assert(Offset == PastEndMark && "cannot get base of a block");
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, asBlockPointer().Base, 0);
}
unsigned NewBase = asBlockPointer().Base - getInlineDesc()->Offset;
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, NewBase, NewBase);
}
/// Returns the parent array.
[[nodiscard]] Pointer getArray() const {
if (asBlockPointer().Base == RootPtrMark) {
assert(Offset != 0 && Offset != PastEndMark && "not an array element");
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, asBlockPointer().Base, 0);
}
assert(Offset != asBlockPointer().Base && "not an array element");
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee, asBlockPointer().Base,
asBlockPointer().Base);
}
/// Accessors for information about the innermost field.
const Descriptor *getFieldDesc() const {
if (isIntegralPointer())
return asIntPointer().Desc;
if (isRoot())
return getDeclDesc();
return getInlineDesc()->Desc;
}
/// Returns the type of the innermost field.
QualType getType() const {
if (isTypeidPointer())
return QualType(PointeeStorage.Typeid.TypeInfoType, 0);
if (inPrimitiveArray() && Offset != asBlockPointer().Base) {
// Unfortunately, complex and vector types are not array types in clang,
// but they are for us.
if (const auto *AT = getFieldDesc()->getType()->getAsArrayTypeUnsafe())
return AT->getElementType();
if (const auto *CT = getFieldDesc()->getType()->getAs<ComplexType>())
return CT->getElementType();
if (const auto *CT = getFieldDesc()->getType()->getAs<VectorType>())
return CT->getElementType();
}
return getFieldDesc()->getType();
}
[[nodiscard]] Pointer getDeclPtr() const {
return Pointer(asBlockPointer().Pointee);
}
/// Returns the element size of the innermost field.
size_t elemSize() const {
if (isIntegralPointer()) {
if (!asIntPointer().Desc)
return 1;
return asIntPointer().Desc->getElemSize();
}
if (asBlockPointer().Base == RootPtrMark)
return getDeclDesc()->getSize();
return getFieldDesc()->getElemSize();
}
/// Returns the total size of the innermost field.
size_t getSize() const {
assert(isBlockPointer());
return getFieldDesc()->getSize();
}
/// Returns the offset into an array.
unsigned getOffset() const {
assert(Offset != PastEndMark && "invalid offset");
assert(isBlockPointer());
if (asBlockPointer().Base == RootPtrMark)
return Offset;
unsigned Adjust = 0;
if (Offset != asBlockPointer().Base) {
if (getFieldDesc()->ElemDesc)
Adjust = sizeof(InlineDescriptor);
else
Adjust = sizeof(InitMapPtr);
}
return Offset - asBlockPointer().Base - Adjust;
}
/// Whether this array refers to an array, but not
/// to the first element.
bool isArrayRoot() const {
return inArray() && Offset == asBlockPointer().Base;
}
/// Checks if the innermost field is an array.
bool inArray() const {
if (isBlockPointer())
return getFieldDesc()->IsArray;
return false;
}
bool inUnion() const {
if (isBlockPointer())
return getInlineDesc()->InUnion;
return false;
};
/// Checks if the structure is a primitive array.
bool inPrimitiveArray() const {
if (isBlockPointer())
return getFieldDesc()->isPrimitiveArray();
return false;
}
/// Checks if the structure is an array of unknown size.
bool isUnknownSizeArray() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
return getFieldDesc()->isUnknownSizeArray();
}
/// Checks if the pointer points to an array.
bool isArrayElement() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
const BlockPointer &BP = asBlockPointer();
if (inArray() && BP.Base != Offset)
return true;
// Might be a narrow()'ed element in a composite array.
// Check the inline descriptor.
if (BP.Base >= sizeof(InlineDescriptor) && getInlineDesc()->IsArrayElement)
return true;
return false;
}
/// Pointer points directly to a block.
bool isRoot() const {
if (isZero() || !isBlockPointer())
return true;
return (asBlockPointer().Base ==
asBlockPointer().Pointee->getDescriptor()->getMetadataSize() ||
asBlockPointer().Base == 0);
}
/// If this pointer has an InlineDescriptor we can use to initialize.
bool canBeInitialized() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
return asBlockPointer().Pointee && asBlockPointer().Base > 0;
}
[[nodiscard]] const BlockPointer &asBlockPointer() const {
assert(isBlockPointer());
return PointeeStorage.BS;
}
[[nodiscard]] const IntPointer &asIntPointer() const {
assert(isIntegralPointer());
return PointeeStorage.Int;
}
[[nodiscard]] const FunctionPointer &asFunctionPointer() const {
assert(isFunctionPointer());
return PointeeStorage.Fn;
}
bool isBlockPointer() const { return StorageKind == Storage::Block; }
bool isIntegralPointer() const { return StorageKind == Storage::Int; }
bool isFunctionPointer() const { return StorageKind == Storage::Fn; }
bool isTypeidPointer() const { return StorageKind == Storage::Typeid; }
/// Returns the record descriptor of a class.
const Record *getRecord() const { return getFieldDesc()->ElemRecord; }
/// Returns the element record type, if this is a non-primive array.
const Record *getElemRecord() const {
const Descriptor *ElemDesc = getFieldDesc()->ElemDesc;
return ElemDesc ? ElemDesc->ElemRecord : nullptr;
}
/// Returns the field information.
const FieldDecl *getField() const { return getFieldDesc()->asFieldDecl(); }
/// Checks if the object is a union.
bool isUnion() const;
/// Checks if the storage is extern.
bool isExtern() const {
if (isBlockPointer())
return asBlockPointer().Pointee && asBlockPointer().Pointee->isExtern();
return false;
}
/// Checks if the storage is static.
bool isStatic() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return true;
assert(asBlockPointer().Pointee);
return asBlockPointer().Pointee->isStatic();
}
/// Checks if the storage is temporary.
bool isTemporary() const {
if (isBlockPointer()) {
assert(asBlockPointer().Pointee);
return asBlockPointer().Pointee->isTemporary();
}
return false;
}
/// Checks if the storage has been dynamically allocated.
bool isDynamic() const {
if (isBlockPointer()) {
assert(asBlockPointer().Pointee);
return asBlockPointer().Pointee->isDynamic();
}
return false;
}
/// Checks if the storage is a static temporary.
bool isStaticTemporary() const { return isStatic() && isTemporary(); }
/// Checks if the field is mutable.
bool isMutable() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
return !isRoot() && getInlineDesc()->IsFieldMutable;
}
bool isWeak() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
assert(isBlockPointer());
return asBlockPointer().Pointee->isWeak();
}
/// Checks if an object was initialized.
bool isInitialized() const;
/// Checks if the object is active.
bool isActive() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return true;
return isRoot() || getInlineDesc()->IsActive;
}
/// Checks if a structure is a base class.
bool isBaseClass() const { return isField() && getInlineDesc()->IsBase; }
bool isVirtualBaseClass() const {
return isField() && getInlineDesc()->IsVirtualBase;
}
/// Checks if the pointer points to a dummy value.
bool isDummy() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
if (!asBlockPointer().Pointee)
return false;
return getDeclDesc()->isDummy();
}
/// Checks if an object or a subfield is mutable.
bool isConst() const {
if (isIntegralPointer())
return true;
return isRoot() ? getDeclDesc()->IsConst : getInlineDesc()->IsConst;
}
/// Returns the declaration ID.
std::optional<unsigned> getDeclID() const {
if (isBlockPointer()) {
assert(asBlockPointer().Pointee);
return asBlockPointer().Pointee->getDeclID();
}
return std::nullopt;
}
/// Returns the byte offset from the start.
uint64_t getByteOffset() const {
if (isIntegralPointer())
return asIntPointer().Value + Offset;
if (isOnePastEnd())
return PastEndMark;
return Offset;
}
/// Returns the number of elements.
unsigned getNumElems() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return ~0u;
return getSize() / elemSize();
}
const Block *block() const { return asBlockPointer().Pointee; }
/// Returns the index into an array.
int64_t getIndex() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return getIntegerRepresentation();
if (isZero())
return 0;
// narrow()ed element in a composite array.
if (asBlockPointer().Base > sizeof(InlineDescriptor) &&
asBlockPointer().Base == Offset)
return 0;
if (auto ElemSize = elemSize())
return getOffset() / ElemSize;
return 0;
}
/// Checks if the index is one past end.
bool isOnePastEnd() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
if (!asBlockPointer().Pointee)
return false;
if (isUnknownSizeArray())
return false;
return isElementPastEnd() || isPastEnd() ||
(getSize() == getOffset() && !isZeroSizeArray());
}
/// Checks if the pointer points past the end of the object.
bool isPastEnd() const {
if (isIntegralPointer())
return false;
return !isZero() && Offset > PointeeStorage.BS.Pointee->getSize();
}
/// Checks if the pointer is an out-of-bounds element pointer.
bool isElementPastEnd() const { return Offset == PastEndMark; }
/// Checks if the pointer is pointing to a zero-size array.
bool isZeroSizeArray() const {
if (isFunctionPointer())
return false;
if (const auto *Desc = getFieldDesc())
return Desc->isZeroSizeArray();
return false;
}
/// Dereferences the pointer, if it's live.
template <typename T> T &deref() const {
assert(isLive() && "Invalid pointer");
assert(isBlockPointer());
assert(asBlockPointer().Pointee);
assert(isDereferencable());
assert(Offset + sizeof(T) <=
asBlockPointer().Pointee->getDescriptor()->getAllocSize());
if (isArrayRoot())
return *reinterpret_cast<T *>(asBlockPointer().Pointee->rawData() +
asBlockPointer().Base + sizeof(InitMapPtr));
return *reinterpret_cast<T *>(asBlockPointer().Pointee->rawData() + Offset);
}
/// Whether this block can be read from at all. This is only true for
/// block pointers that point to a valid location inside that block.
bool isDereferencable() const {
if (!isBlockPointer())
return false;
if (isPastEnd())
return false;
return true;
}
/// Initializes a field.
void initialize() const;
/// Activats a field.
void activate() const;
/// Deactivates an entire strurcutre.
void deactivate() const;
/// Compare two pointers.
ComparisonCategoryResult compare(const Pointer &Other) const {
if (!hasSameBase(*this, Other))
return ComparisonCategoryResult::Unordered;
if (Offset < Other.Offset)
return ComparisonCategoryResult::Less;
else if (Offset > Other.Offset)
return ComparisonCategoryResult::Greater;
return ComparisonCategoryResult::Equal;
}
/// Checks if two pointers are comparable.
static bool hasSameBase(const Pointer &A, const Pointer &B);
/// Checks if two pointers can be subtracted.
static bool hasSameArray(const Pointer &A, const Pointer &B);
/// Checks if both given pointers point to the same block.
static bool pointToSameBlock(const Pointer &A, const Pointer &B);
/// Whether this points to a block that's been created for a "literal lvalue",
/// i.e. a non-MaterializeTemporaryExpr Expr.
bool pointsToLiteral() const;
/// Prints the pointer.
void print(llvm::raw_ostream &OS) const;
private:
friend class Block;
friend class DeadBlock;
friend class MemberPointer;
friend class InterpState;
friend struct InitMap;
friend class DynamicAllocator;
/// Returns the embedded descriptor preceding a field.
InlineDescriptor *getInlineDesc() const {
assert(isBlockPointer());
assert(asBlockPointer().Base != sizeof(GlobalInlineDescriptor));
assert(asBlockPointer().Base <= asBlockPointer().Pointee->getSize());
assert(asBlockPointer().Base >= sizeof(InlineDescriptor));
return getDescriptor(asBlockPointer().Base);
}
/// Returns a descriptor at a given offset.
InlineDescriptor *getDescriptor(unsigned Offset) const {
assert(Offset != 0 && "Not a nested pointer");
assert(isBlockPointer());
assert(!isZero());
return reinterpret_cast<InlineDescriptor *>(
asBlockPointer().Pointee->rawData() + Offset) -
1;
}
/// Returns a reference to the InitMapPtr which stores the initialization map.
InitMapPtr &getInitMap() const {
assert(isBlockPointer());
assert(!isZero());
return *reinterpret_cast<InitMapPtr *>(asBlockPointer().Pointee->rawData() +
asBlockPointer().Base);
}
/// Offset into the storage.
uint64_t Offset = 0;
/// Previous link in the pointer chain.
Pointer *Prev = nullptr;
/// Next link in the pointer chain.
Pointer *Next = nullptr;
union {
BlockPointer BS;
IntPointer Int;
FunctionPointer Fn;
TypeidPointer Typeid;
} PointeeStorage;
Storage StorageKind = Storage::Int;
};
inline llvm::raw_ostream &operator<<(llvm::raw_ostream &OS, const Pointer &P) {
P.print(OS);
return OS;
}
} // namespace interp
} // namespace clang
#endif
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