//===-- MIUtilString.cpp ----------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

// Third party headers
#include <inttypes.h> // for PRIx8
#include <limits.h>   // for ULONG_MAX
#include <memory>     // std::unique_ptr
#include <sstream>    // std::stringstream
#include <stdarg.h>   // va_list, va_start, var_end
#include <string.h>   // for strncmp

// In-house headers:
#include "MIUtilString.h"

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: CMIUtilString constructor.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  None.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString::CMIUtilString(void)
    : std::string()
{
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: CMIUtilString constructor.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vpData  - Pointer to UTF8 text data.
// Return:  None.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString::CMIUtilString(const char *vpData)
    : std::string(vpData)
{
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: CMIUtilString constructor.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vpData  - Pointer to UTF8 text data.
// Return:  None.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString::CMIUtilString(const char *const *vpData)
    : std::string((const char *)vpData)
{
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: CMIUtilString assignment operator.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vpRhs   - Pointer to UTF8 text data.
// Return:  CMIUtilString & - *this string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString &CMIUtilString::operator=(const char *vpRhs)
{
    if (*this == vpRhs)
        return *this;

    if (vpRhs != nullptr)
    {
        assign(vpRhs);
    }

    return *this;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: CMIUtilString assignment operator.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vrRhs   - The other string to copy from.
// Return:  CMIUtilString & - *this string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString &CMIUtilString::operator=(const std::string &vrRhs)
{
    if (*this == vrRhs)
        return *this;

    assign(vrRhs);

    return *this;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: CMIUtilString destructor.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  None.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString::~CMIUtilString(void)
{
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Perform a snprintf format style on a string data. A new string object is
//          created and returned.
// Type:    Static method.
// Args:    vrFormat      - (R) Format string data instruction.
//          vArgs         - (R) Var list args of any type.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - Number of splits found in the string data.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::FormatPriv(const CMIUtilString &vrFormat, va_list vArgs)
{
    CMIUtilString strResult;
    MIint nFinal = 0;
    MIint n = vrFormat.size();

    // IOR: mysterious crash in this function on some windows builds not able to duplicate
    // but found article which may be related. Crash occurs in vsnprintf() or va_copy()
    // Duplicate vArgs va_list argument pointer to ensure that it can be safely used in
    // a new frame
    // http://julipedia.meroh.net/2011/09/using-vacopy-to-safely-pass-ap.html
    va_list argsDup;
    va_copy(argsDup, vArgs);

    // Create a copy va_list to reset when we spin
    va_list argsCpy;
    va_copy(argsCpy, argsDup);

    if (n == 0)
        return strResult;

    n = n << 4; // Reserve 16 times as much the length of the vrFormat

    std::unique_ptr<char[]> pFormatted;
    while (1)
    {
        pFormatted.reset(new char[n + 1]); // +1 for safety margin
        ::strncpy(&pFormatted[0], vrFormat.c_str(), n);

        //  We need to restore the variable argument list pointer to the start again
        //  before running vsnprintf() more then once
        va_copy(argsDup, argsCpy);

        nFinal = ::vsnprintf(&pFormatted[0], n, vrFormat.c_str(), argsDup);
        if ((nFinal < 0) || (nFinal >= n))
            n += abs(nFinal - n + 1);
        else
            break;
    }

    va_end(argsCpy);
    va_end(argsDup);

    strResult = pFormatted.get();

    return strResult;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Perform a snprintf format style on a string data. A new string object is
//          created and returned.
// Type:    Static method.
// Args:    vFormat       - (R) Format string data instruction.
//          ...           - (R) Var list args of any type.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - Number of splits found in the string data.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::Format(const CMIUtilString vFormating, ...)
{
    va_list args;
    va_start(args, vFormating);
    CMIUtilString strResult = CMIUtilString::FormatPriv(vFormating, args);
    va_end(args);

    return strResult;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Perform a snprintf format style on a string data. A new string object is
//          created and returned.
// Type:    Static method.
// Args:    vrFormat      - (R) Format string data instruction.
//          vArgs         - (R) Var list args of any type.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - Number of splits found in the string data.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::FormatValist(const CMIUtilString &vrFormating, va_list vArgs)
{
    return CMIUtilString::FormatPriv(vrFormating, vArgs);
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Splits string into array of strings using delimiter. If multiple delimiter
//          are found in sequence then they are not added to the list of splits.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vData       - (R) String data to be split up.
//          vDelimiter  - (R) Delimiter char or text.
//          vwVecSplits - (W) Container of splits found in string data.
// Return:  size_t - Number of splits found in the string data.
// Throws:  None.
//--
size_t
CMIUtilString::Split(const CMIUtilString &vDelimiter, VecString_t &vwVecSplits) const
{
    vwVecSplits.clear();

    if (this->empty() || vDelimiter.empty())
        return 0;

    const size_t nLen(length());
    size_t nOffset(0);
    do
    {
        // Find first occurrence which doesn't match to the delimiter
        const size_t nSectionPos(FindFirstNot(vDelimiter, nOffset));
        if (nSectionPos == std::string::npos)
            break;

        // Find next occurrence of the delimiter after section
        size_t nNextDelimiterPos(FindFirst(vDelimiter, nSectionPos));
        if (nNextDelimiterPos == std::string::npos)
            nNextDelimiterPos = nLen;

        // Extract string between delimiters
        const size_t nSectionLen(nNextDelimiterPos - nSectionPos);
        const std::string strSection(substr(nSectionPos, nSectionLen));
        vwVecSplits.push_back(strSection.c_str());

        // Next
        nOffset = nNextDelimiterPos + 1;
    }
    while (nOffset < nLen);

    return vwVecSplits.size();
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Splits string into array of strings using delimiter. However the string is
//          also considered for text surrounded by quotes. Text with quotes including the
//          delimiter is treated as a whole. If multiple delimiter are found in sequence
//          then they are not added to the list of splits. Quotes that are embedded in
//          the string as string formatted quotes are ignored (proceeded by a '\\') i.e.
//          "\"MI GDB local C++.cpp\":88".
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vData       - (R) String data to be split up.
//          vDelimiter  - (R) Delimiter char or text.
//          vwVecSplits - (W) Container of splits found in string data.
// Return:  size_t - Number of splits found in the string data.
// Throws:  None.
//--
size_t
CMIUtilString::SplitConsiderQuotes(const CMIUtilString &vDelimiter, VecString_t &vwVecSplits) const
{
    vwVecSplits.clear();

    if (this->empty() || vDelimiter.empty())
        return 0;

    const size_t nLen(length());
    size_t nOffset(0);
    do
    {
        // Find first occurrence which doesn't match to the delimiter
        const size_t nSectionPos(FindFirstNot(vDelimiter, nOffset));
        if (nSectionPos == std::string::npos)
            break;

        // Find next occurrence of the delimiter after (quoted) section
        const bool bSkipQuotedText(true);
        bool bUnmatchedQuote(false);
        size_t nNextDelimiterPos(FindFirst(vDelimiter, bSkipQuotedText, bUnmatchedQuote, nSectionPos));
        if (bUnmatchedQuote)
        {
            vwVecSplits.clear();
            return 0;
        }
        if (nNextDelimiterPos == std::string::npos)
            nNextDelimiterPos = nLen;

        // Extract string between delimiters
        const size_t nSectionLen(nNextDelimiterPos - nSectionPos);
        const std::string strSection(substr(nSectionPos, nSectionLen));
        vwVecSplits.push_back(strSection.c_str());

        // Next
        nOffset = nNextDelimiterPos + 1;
    }
    while (nOffset < nLen);

    return vwVecSplits.size();
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Split string into lines using \n and return an array of strings.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vwVecSplits - (W) Container of splits found in string data.
// Return:  size_t - Number of splits found in the string data.
// Throws:  None.
//--
size_t
CMIUtilString::SplitLines(VecString_t &vwVecSplits) const
{
    return Split("\n", vwVecSplits);
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Remove '\n' from the end of string if found. It does not alter
//          *this string.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - New version of the string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::StripCREndOfLine(void) const
{
    const size_t nPos = rfind('\n');
    if (nPos == std::string::npos)
        return *this;

    const CMIUtilString strNew(substr(0, nPos).c_str());

    return strNew;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Remove all '\n' from the string and replace with a space. It does not alter
//          *this string.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - New version of the string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::StripCRAll(void) const
{
    return FindAndReplace("\n", " ");
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Find and replace all matches of a sub string with another string. It does not
//          alter *this string.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vFind         - (R) The string to look for.
//          vReplaceWith  - (R) The string to replace the vFind match.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - New version of the string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::FindAndReplace(const CMIUtilString &vFind, const CMIUtilString &vReplaceWith) const
{
    if (vFind.empty() || this->empty())
        return *this;

    size_t nPos = find(vFind);
    if (nPos == std::string::npos)
        return *this;

    CMIUtilString strNew(*this);
    while (nPos != std::string::npos)
    {
        strNew.replace(nPos, vFind.length(), vReplaceWith);
        nPos += vReplaceWith.length();
        nPos = strNew.find(vFind, nPos);
    }

    return strNew;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Check if *this string is a decimal number.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  bool - True = yes number, false not a number.
// Throws:  None.
//--
bool
CMIUtilString::IsNumber(void) const
{
    if (empty())
        return false;

    if ((at(0) == '-') && (length() == 1))
        return false;

    const size_t nPos = find_first_not_of("-.0123456789");
    if (nPos != std::string::npos)
        return false;

    return true;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Check if *this string is a hexadecimal number.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  bool - True = yes number, false not a number.
// Throws:  None.
//--
bool
CMIUtilString::IsHexadecimalNumber(void) const
{
    // Compare '0x..' prefix
    if ((strncmp(c_str(), "0x", 2) != 0) && (strncmp(c_str(), "0X", 2) != 0))
        return false;

    // Skip '0x..' prefix
    const size_t nPos = find_first_not_of("01234567890ABCDEFabcedf", 2);
    if (nPos != std::string::npos)
        return false;

    return true;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Extract the number from the string. The number can be either a hexadecimal or
//          natural number. It cannot contain other non-numeric characters.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vwrNumber   - (W) Number extracted from the string.
// Return:  bool - True = yes number, false not a number.
// Throws:  None.
//--
bool
CMIUtilString::ExtractNumber(MIint64 &vwrNumber) const
{
    vwrNumber = 0;

    if (!IsNumber())
    {
        if (ExtractNumberFromHexadecimal(vwrNumber))
            return true;

        return false;
    }

    std::stringstream ss(const_cast<CMIUtilString &>(*this));
    ss >> vwrNumber;

    return true;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Extract the number from the hexadecimal string..
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vwrNumber   - (W) Number extracted from the string.
// Return:  bool - True = yes number, false not a number.
// Throws:  None.
//--
bool
CMIUtilString::ExtractNumberFromHexadecimal(MIint64 &vwrNumber) const
{
    vwrNumber = 0;

    const size_t nPos = find_first_not_of("xX01234567890ABCDEFabcedf");
    if (nPos != std::string::npos)
        return false;

    errno = 0;
    const MIuint64 nNum = ::strtoull(this->c_str(), nullptr, 16);
    if (errno == ERANGE)
        return false;

    vwrNumber = static_cast<MIint64>(nNum);

    return true;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Determine if the text is all valid alpha numeric characters. Letters can be
//          either upper or lower case.
// Type:    Static method.
// Args:    vpText  - (R) The text data to examine.
// Return:  bool - True = yes all alpha, false = one or more chars is non alpha.
// Throws:  None.
//--
bool
CMIUtilString::IsAllValidAlphaAndNumeric(const char *vpText)
{
    const size_t len = ::strlen(vpText);
    if (len == 0)
        return false;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++, vpText++)
    {
        const char c = *vpText;
        if (::isalnum((int)c) == 0)
            return false;
    }

    return true;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Check if two strings share equal contents.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vrLhs   - (R) String A.
//          vrRhs   - (R) String B.
// Return:  bool - True = yes equal, false - different.
// Throws:  None.
//--
bool
CMIUtilString::Compare(const CMIUtilString &vrLhs, const CMIUtilString &vrRhs)
{
    // Check the sizes match
    if (vrLhs.size() != vrRhs.size())
        return false;

    return (::strncmp(vrLhs.c_str(), vrRhs.c_str(), vrLhs.size()) == 0);
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Remove from either end of *this string the following: " \t\n\v\f\r".
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - Trimmed string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::Trim(void) const
{
    CMIUtilString strNew(*this);
    const char *pWhiteSpace = " \t\n\v\f\r";
    const size_t nPos = find_last_not_of(pWhiteSpace);
    if (nPos != std::string::npos)
    {
        strNew = substr(0, nPos + 1).c_str();
    }
    const size_t nPos2 = strNew.find_first_not_of(pWhiteSpace);
    if (nPos2 != std::string::npos)
    {
        strNew = strNew.substr(nPos2).c_str();
    }

    return strNew;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Remove from either end of *this string the specified character.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - Trimmed string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::Trim(const char vChar) const
{
    CMIUtilString strNew(*this);
    const size_t nLen = strNew.length();
    if (nLen > 1)
    {
        if ((strNew[0] == vChar) && (strNew[nLen - 1] == vChar))
            strNew = strNew.substr(1, nLen - 2).c_str();
    }

    return strNew;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Do a printf equivalent for printing a number in binary i.e. "b%llB".
// Type:    Static method.
// Args:    vnDecimal   - (R) The number to represent in binary.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - Binary number in text.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::FormatBinary(const MIuint64 vnDecimal)
{
    CMIUtilString strBinaryNumber;

    const MIuint nConstBits = 64;
    MIuint nRem[nConstBits + 1];
    MIint i = 0;
    MIuint nLen = 0;
    MIuint64 nNum = vnDecimal;
    while ((nNum > 0) && (nLen < nConstBits))
    {
        nRem[i++] = nNum % 2;
        nNum = nNum >> 1;
        nLen++;
    }
    char pN[nConstBits + 1];
    MIuint j = 0;
    for (i = nLen; i > 0; --i, j++)
    {
        pN[j] = '0' + nRem[i - 1];
    }
    pN[j] = 0; // String NUL termination

    strBinaryNumber = CMIUtilString::Format("0b%s", &pN[0]);

    return strBinaryNumber;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Remove from a string doubled up characters so only one set left. Characters
//          are only removed if the previous character is already a same character.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vChar   - (R) The character to search for and remove adjacent duplicates.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - New version of the string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::RemoveRepeatedCharacters(const char vChar)
{
    return RemoveRepeatedCharacters(0, vChar);
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Recursively remove from a string doubled up characters so only one set left.
//          Characters are only removed if the previous character is already a same
//          character.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vChar   - (R) The character to search for and remove adjacent duplicates.
//          vnPos   - Character position in the string.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - New version of the string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::RemoveRepeatedCharacters(size_t vnPos, const char vChar)
{
    const char cQuote = '"';

    // Look for first quote of two
    const size_t nPos = find(cQuote, vnPos);
    if (nPos == std::string::npos)
        return *this;

    const size_t nPosNext = nPos + 1;
    if (nPosNext > length())
        return *this;

    if (at(nPosNext) == cQuote)
    {
        *this = substr(0, nPos) + substr(nPosNext, length());
        RemoveRepeatedCharacters(nPosNext, vChar);
    }

    return *this;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Is the text in *this string surrounded by quotes.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  bool - True = Yes string is quoted, false = no quoted.
// Throws:  None.
//--
bool
CMIUtilString::IsQuoted(void) const
{
    const char cQuote = '"';

    if (at(0) != cQuote)
        return false;

    const size_t nLen = length();
    if ((nLen > 0) && (at(nLen - 1) != cQuote))
        return false;

    return true;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Find first occurrence in *this string which matches the pattern.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vrPattern   - (R) The pattern to search for.
//          vnPos       - The starting position at which to start searching. (Dflt = 0)
// Return:  size_t - The position of the first substring that match.
// Throws:  None.
//--
size_t
CMIUtilString::FindFirst(const CMIUtilString &vrPattern, size_t vnPos /* = 0 */) const
{
    return find(vrPattern, vnPos);
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Find first occurrence in *this string which matches the pattern and isn't surrounded by quotes.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vrPattern                 - (R) The pattern to search for.
//          vbSkipQuotedText          - (R) True = don't look at quoted text, false = otherwise.
//          vrwbNotFoundClosedQuote   - (W) True = parsing error: unmatched quote, false = otherwise.
//          vnPos                     - Position of the first character in the string to be considered in the search. (Dflt = 0)
// Return:  size_t - The position of the first substring that matches and isn't quoted.
// Throws:  None.
//--
size_t
CMIUtilString::FindFirst(const CMIUtilString &vrPattern, const bool vbSkipQuotedText, bool &vrwbNotFoundClosedQuote,
                         size_t vnPos /* = 0 */) const
{
    vrwbNotFoundClosedQuote = false;

    if (!vbSkipQuotedText)
        return FindFirst(vrPattern, vnPos);

    const size_t nLen(length());

    size_t nPos = vnPos;
    do
    {
        const size_t nQuotePos(FindFirstQuote(nPos));
        const size_t nPatternPos(FindFirst(vrPattern, nPos));
        if (nQuotePos == std::string::npos)
            return nPatternPos;

        const size_t nQuoteClosedPos = FindFirstQuote(nQuotePos + 1);
        if (nQuoteClosedPos == std::string::npos)
        {
            vrwbNotFoundClosedQuote = true;
            return std::string::npos;
        }

        if ((nPatternPos == std::string::npos) || (nPatternPos < nQuotePos))
            return nPatternPos;

        nPos = nQuoteClosedPos + 1;
    }
    while (nPos < nLen);

    return std::string::npos;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Find first occurrence in *this string which doesn't match the pattern.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vrPattern   - (R) The pattern to search for.
//          vnPos       - Position of the first character in the string to be considered in the search. (Dflt = 0)
// Return:  size_t - The position of the first character that doesn't match.
// Throws:  None.
//--
size_t
CMIUtilString::FindFirstNot(const CMIUtilString &vrPattern, size_t vnPos /* = 0 */) const
{
    const size_t nLen(length());
    const size_t nPatternLen(vrPattern.length());

    size_t nPatternPos(vnPos);
    do
    {
        const bool bMatchPattern(compare(nPatternPos, nPatternLen, vrPattern) == 0);
        if (!bMatchPattern)
            return nPatternPos;
        nPatternPos += nPatternLen;
    }
    while (nPatternPos < nLen);

    return std::string::npos;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Find first occurrence of not escaped quotation mark in *this string.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    vnPos   - Position of the first character in the string to be considered in the search.
// Return:  size_t - The position of the quotation mark.
// Throws:  None.
//--
size_t
CMIUtilString::FindFirstQuote(size_t vnPos) const
{
    const char cBckSlash('\\');
    const char cQuote('"');
    const size_t nLen(length());

    size_t nPos = vnPos;
    do
    {
        const size_t nBckSlashPos(find(cBckSlash, nPos));
        const size_t nQuotePos(find(cQuote, nPos));
        if ((nBckSlashPos == std::string::npos) || (nQuotePos == std::string::npos))
            return nQuotePos;

        if (nQuotePos < nBckSlashPos)
            return nQuotePos;

        // Skip 2 characters: First is '\', second is that which is escaped by '\'
        nPos = nBckSlashPos + 2;
    }
    while (nPos < nLen);

    return std::string::npos;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Get escaped string from *this string.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - The escaped version of the initial string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::Escape(bool vbEscapeQuotes /* = false */) const
{
    const size_t nLen(length());
    CMIUtilString strNew;
    strNew.reserve(nLen);
    for (size_t nIndex(0); nIndex < nLen; ++nIndex)
    {
        const char cUnescapedChar((*this)[nIndex]);
        if (cUnescapedChar == '"' && vbEscapeQuotes)
            strNew.append("\\\"");
        else
            strNew.append(ConvertToPrintableASCII((char)cUnescapedChar));
    }
    return strNew;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Get string with backslashes in front of double quote '"' and backslash '\\'
//          characters.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - The wrapped version of the initial string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::AddSlashes(void) const
{
    const char cBckSlash('\\');
    const size_t nLen(length());
    CMIUtilString strNew;
    strNew.reserve(nLen);

    size_t nOffset(0);
    while (nOffset < nLen)
    {
        const size_t nUnescapedCharPos(find_first_of("\"\\", nOffset));
        const bool bUnescapedCharNotFound(nUnescapedCharPos == std::string::npos);
        if (bUnescapedCharNotFound)
        {
            const size_t nAppendAll(std::string::npos);
            strNew.append(*this, nOffset, nAppendAll);
            break;
        }
        const size_t nAppendLen(nUnescapedCharPos - nOffset);
        strNew.append(*this, nOffset, nAppendLen);
        strNew.push_back(cBckSlash);
        const char cUnescapedChar((*this)[nUnescapedCharPos]);
        strNew.push_back(cUnescapedChar);
        nOffset = nUnescapedCharPos + 1;
    }

    return strNew;
}

//++ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Details: Remove backslashes added by CMIUtilString::AddSlashes.
// Type:    Method.
// Args:    None.
// Return:  CMIUtilString - The initial version of wrapped string.
// Throws:  None.
//--
CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::StripSlashes(void) const
{
    const char cBckSlash('\\');
    const size_t nLen(length());
    CMIUtilString strNew;
    strNew.reserve(nLen);

    size_t nOffset(0);
    while (nOffset < nLen)
    {
        const size_t nBckSlashPos(find(cBckSlash, nOffset));
        const bool bBckSlashNotFound(nBckSlashPos == std::string::npos);
        if (bBckSlashNotFound)
        {
            const size_t nAppendAll(std::string::npos);
            strNew.append(*this, nOffset, nAppendAll);
            break;
        }
        const size_t nAppendLen(nBckSlashPos - nOffset);
        strNew.append(*this, nOffset, nAppendLen);
        const bool bBckSlashIsLast(nBckSlashPos == nLen);
        if (bBckSlashIsLast)
        {
            strNew.push_back(cBckSlash);
            break;
        }
        const char cEscapedChar((*this)[nBckSlashPos + 1]);
        const size_t nEscapedCharPos(std::string("\"\\").find(cEscapedChar));
        const bool bEscapedCharNotFound(nEscapedCharPos == std::string::npos);
        if (bEscapedCharNotFound)
            strNew.push_back(cBckSlash);
        strNew.push_back(cEscapedChar);
        nOffset = nBckSlashPos + 2;
    }

    return strNew;
}

CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::ConvertToPrintableASCII(const char vChar)
{
    switch (vChar)
    {
        case '\a':
            return "\\a";
        case '\b':
            return "\\b";
        case '\t':
            return "\\t";
        case '\n':
            return "\\n";
        case '\v':
            return "\\v";
        case '\f':
            return "\\f";
        case '\r':
            return "\\r";
        case '\033':
            return "\\e";
        case '\\':
            return "\\\\";
        default:
            if (::isprint(vChar))
                return Format("%c", vChar);
            else
                return Format("\\x%02" PRIx8, vChar);
    }
}

CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::ConvertToPrintableASCII(const char16_t vChar16)
{
    if (vChar16 == (char16_t)(char)vChar16 && ::isprint(vChar16))
        // Convert char16_t to char (if possible)
        return Format("%c", vChar16);
    else
        return Format("\\u%02" PRIx8 "%02" PRIx8,
                      (vChar16 >> 8) & 0xff, vChar16 & 0xff);
}

CMIUtilString
CMIUtilString::ConvertToPrintableASCII(const char32_t vChar32)
{
    if (vChar32 == (char32_t)(char)vChar32 && ::isprint(vChar32))
        // Convert char32_t to char (if possible)
        return Format("%c", vChar32);
    else
        return Format("\\U%02" PRIx8 "%02" PRIx8 "%02" PRIx8 "%02" PRIx8,
                      (vChar32 >> 24) & 0xff, (vChar32 >> 16) & 0xff,
                      (vChar32 >> 8) & 0xff, vChar32 & 0xff);
}