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<h1>Module <code>pl.seq</code></h1>
<p>Manipulating iterators as sequences.</p>
<p> See <a href="../manual/07-functional.md.html#Sequences">The Guide</a></p>
<p> Dependencies: <a href="../libraries/pl.utils.html#">pl.utils</a>, <a href="../libraries/pl.types.html#">pl.types</a>, <a href="https://www.lua.org/manual/5.4/manual.html#6.10">debug</a></p>
<h2><a href="#Functions">Functions</a></h2>
<table class="function_list">
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#matching">matching (s)</a></td>
<td class="summary">given a string, return a function(y) which matches y against the string.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#list">list (t)</a></td>
<td class="summary">sequence adaptor for a table.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#keys">keys (t)</a></td>
<td class="summary">return the keys of the table.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#range">range (start, finish)</a></td>
<td class="summary">create an iterator over a numerical range.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#minmax">minmax (iter)</a></td>
<td class="summary">return the minimum and the maximum value of the sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#sum">sum (iter, fn)</a></td>
<td class="summary">return the sum and element count of the sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#copy">copy (iter)</a></td>
<td class="summary">create a table from the sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#copy2">copy2 (iter, i1, i2)</a></td>
<td class="summary">create a table of pairs from the double-valued sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#copy_tuples">copy_tuples (iter)</a></td>
<td class="summary">create a table of 'tuples' from a multi-valued sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#random">random (n, l, u)</a></td>
<td class="summary">return an iterator of random numbers.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#sort">sort (iter, comp)</a></td>
<td class="summary">return an iterator to the sorted elements of a sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#zip">zip (iter1, iter2)</a></td>
<td class="summary">return an iterator which returns elements of two sequences.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#count_map">count_map (iter)</a></td>
<td class="summary">Makes a table where the key/values are the values and value counts of the sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#printall">printall (iter, sep, nfields, fmt)</a></td>
<td class="summary">print out a sequence iter with a separator.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#map">map (fn, iter, arg)</a></td>
<td class="summary">return a sequence where every element of a sequence has been transformed
by a function.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#filter">filter (iter, pred, arg)</a></td>
<td class="summary">filter a sequence using a predicate function.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#reduce">reduce (fn, iter, initval)</a></td>
<td class="summary">'reduce' a sequence using a binary function.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#take">take (iter, n)</a></td>
<td class="summary">take the first n values from the sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#skip">skip (iter, n)</a></td>
<td class="summary">skip the first n values of a sequence</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#enum">enum (iter)</a></td>
<td class="summary">a sequence with a sequence count and the original value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#mapmethod">mapmethod (iter, name, arg1, arg2)</a></td>
<td class="summary">map using a named method over a sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#last">last (iter)</a></td>
<td class="summary">a sequence of (last,current) values from another sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#foreach">foreach (iter, fn)</a></td>
<td class="summary">call the function on each element of the sequence.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="name" nowrap><a href="#lines">lines (f, ...)</a></td>
<td class="summary">create a wrapped iterator over all lines in the file.</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br/>
<br/>
<h2 class="section-header "><a name="Functions"></a>Functions</h2>
<dl class="function">
<dt>
<a name = "matching"></a>
<strong>matching (s)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
given a string, return a function(y) which matches y against the string.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">s</span>
a string
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "list"></a>
<strong>list (t)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
sequence adaptor for a table. Note that if any generic function is
passed a table, it will automatically use seq.list()
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">t</span>
a list-like table
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Usage:</h3>
<ul>
<li><pre class="example"><span class="function-name">sum</span>(<span class="function-name">list</span>(t)) is the sum of all elements of t</pre></li>
<li><pre class="example"><span class="keyword">for</span> x <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="function-name">list</span>(t) <span class="keyword">do</span>...<span class="keyword">end</span></pre></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "keys"></a>
<strong>keys (t)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
return the keys of the table.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">t</span>
an arbitrary table
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
iterator over keys
</ol>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "range"></a>
<strong>range (start, finish)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
create an iterator over a numerical range. Like the standard Python function xrange.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">start</span>
a number
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">finish</span>
a number greater than start
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "minmax"></a>
<strong>minmax (iter)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
return the minimum and the maximum value of the sequence.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
<li>
minimum value</li>
<li>
maximum value</li>
</ol>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "sum"></a>
<strong>sum (iter, fn)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
return the sum and element count of the sequence.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">fn</span>
an optional function to apply to the values
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "copy"></a>
<strong>copy (iter)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
create a table from the sequence. (This will make the result a List.)
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
a List
</ol>
<h3>Usage:</h3>
<ul>
<li><pre class="example"><span class="function-name">copy</span>(<span class="function-name">list</span>(ls)) is equal to ls</pre></li>
<li><pre class="example"><span class="function-name">copy</span>(<span class="function-name">list</span> {<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>}) == <span class="function-name">List</span>{<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>}</pre></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "copy2"></a>
<strong>copy2 (iter, i1, i2)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
create a table of pairs from the double-valued sequence.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a double-valued sequence
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">i1</span>
used to capture extra iterator values
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">i2</span>
as with pairs & ipairs
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
a list-like table
</ol>
<h3>Usage:</h3>
<ul>
<pre class="example"><span class="function-name">copy2</span>(<span class="global">ipairs</span>{<span class="number">10</span>,<span class="number">20</span>,<span class="number">30</span>}) == {{<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">10</span>},{<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">20</span>},{<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">30</span>}}</pre>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "copy_tuples"></a>
<strong>copy_tuples (iter)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
create a table of 'tuples' from a multi-valued sequence.
A generalization of copy2 above
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a multiple-valued sequence
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
a list-like table
</ol>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "random"></a>
<strong>random (n, l, u)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
return an iterator of random numbers.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">n</span>
the length of the sequence
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">l</span>
same as the first optional argument to math.random
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">u</span>
same as the second optional argument to math.random
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
a sequence
</ol>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "sort"></a>
<strong>sort (iter, comp)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
return an iterator to the sorted elements of a sequence.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">comp</span>
an optional comparison function (comp(x,y) is true if x < y)
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "zip"></a>
<strong>zip (iter1, iter2)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
return an iterator which returns elements of two sequences.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter1</span>
a sequence
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">iter2</span>
a sequence
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Usage:</h3>
<ul>
<pre class="example"><span class="keyword">for</span> x,y <span class="keyword">in</span> seq.<span class="function-name">zip</span>(ls1,ls2) <span class="keyword">do</span>....<span class="keyword">end</span></pre>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "count_map"></a>
<strong>count_map (iter)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
Makes a table where the key/values are the values and value counts of the sequence.
This version works with 'hashable' values like strings and numbers.
<a href="../libraries/pl.tablex.html#count_map">pl.tablex.count_map</a> is more general.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
<li>
a map-like table</li>
<li>
a table</li>
</ol>
<h3>See also:</h3>
<ul>
<a href="../libraries/pl.tablex.html#count_map">pl.tablex.count_map</a>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "printall"></a>
<strong>printall (iter, sep, nfields, fmt)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
print out a sequence iter with a separator.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">sep</span>
the separator (default space)
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">nfields</span>
maximum number of values per line (default 7)
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">fmt</span>
optional format function for each value
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "map"></a>
<strong>map (fn, iter, arg)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
return a sequence where every element of a sequence has been transformed
by a function. If you don't supply an argument, then the function will
receive both values of a double-valued sequence, otherwise behaves rather like
tablex.map.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">fn</span>
a function to apply to elements; may take two arguments
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence of one or two values
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">arg</span>
optional argument to pass to function.
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "filter"></a>
<strong>filter (iter, pred, arg)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
filter a sequence using a predicate function.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence of one or two values
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">pred</span>
a boolean function; may take two arguments
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">arg</span>
optional argument to pass to function.
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "reduce"></a>
<strong>reduce (fn, iter, initval)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
'reduce' a sequence using a binary function.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">fn</span>
<span class="types"><span class="type">function</span></span>
a function of two arguments
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">initval</span>
optional initial value
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Usage:</h3>
<ul>
<li><pre class="example">seq.<span class="function-name">reduce</span>(operator.add,seq.<span class="function-name">list</span>{<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>}) == <span class="number">10</span></pre></li>
<li><pre class="example">seq.<span class="function-name">reduce</span>(<span class="string">'-'</span>,{<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>,<span class="number">5</span>}) == -<span class="number">13</span></pre></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "take"></a>
<strong>take (iter, n)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
take the first n values from the sequence.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence of one or two values
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">n</span>
number of items to take
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
a sequence of at most n items
</ol>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "skip"></a>
<strong>skip (iter, n)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
skip the first n values of a sequence
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence of one or more values
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">n</span>
number of items to skip
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "enum"></a>
<strong>enum (iter)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
a sequence with a sequence count and the original value.
enum(copy(ls)) is a roundabout way of saying ipairs(ls).
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a single or double valued sequence
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
sequence of (i,v), i = 1..n and v is from iter.
</ol>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "mapmethod"></a>
<strong>mapmethod (iter, name, arg1, arg2)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
map using a named method over a sequence.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">name</span>
the method name
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">arg1</span>
optional first extra argument
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">arg2</span>
optional second extra argument
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "last"></a>
<strong>last (iter)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
a sequence of (last,current) values from another sequence.
This will return S(i-1),S(i) if given S(i)
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "foreach"></a>
<strong>foreach (iter, fn)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
call the function on each element of the sequence.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">iter</span>
a sequence with up to 3 values
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">fn</span>
a function
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt>
<a name = "lines"></a>
<strong>lines (f, ...)</strong>
</dt>
<dd>
create a wrapped iterator over all lines in the file.
<h3>Parameters:</h3>
<ul>
<li><span class="parameter">f</span>
either a filename, file-like object, or 'STDIN' (for standard input)
</li>
<li><span class="parameter">...</span>
for Lua 5.2 only, optional format specifiers, as in <a href="https://www.lua.org/manual/5.4/manual.html#pdf-io.read">io.read</a>.
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Returns:</h3>
<ol>
a sequence wrapper
</ol>
</dd>
</dl>
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