.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1993 Michael Haardt
.\" (michael@moria.de),
.\" Fri Apr  2 11:32:09 MET DST 1993
.\"
.\" changes Copyright 1999 Mike Coleman (mkc@acm.org)
.\" -- major revision to fully document ptrace semantics per recent Linux
.\"    kernel (2.2.10) and glibc (2.1.2) 
.\" Sun Nov  7 03:18:35 CST 1999
.\"
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
.\"
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.\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any
.\" document formatting or typesetting system, including
.\" intermediate and printed output.
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.\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
.\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111,
.\" USA.
.\"
.\" Modified Fri Jul 23 23:47:18 1993 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\" Modified Fri Jan 31 16:46:30 1997 by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
.\" Modified Thu Oct  7 17:28:49 1999 by Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
.\"
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997-1999 HANATAKA Shinya
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Sat Nov 20 17:40:55 JST 1999
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\"
.\"WORD:	child process		ҥץ
.\"WORD:	parent process		ƥץ
.\"WORD:	core image		ꡦ᡼
.\"WORD:	break point		֥졼ݥ
.\"WORD:	single step		󥰥롦ƥå׼¹
.\"WORD:	trap flag		ȥåסե饰
.\"WORD:	attach			³
.\"WORD:	detach			ʬΥ
.\"WORD:        process ID              ץID
.\"
.TH PTRACE 2 "7 November 1999" "Linux 2.2.10" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
ptrace \- process trace
.SH 
.B #include <sys/ptrace.h>
.sp
.BI "long int ptrace(enum __ptrace_request " request ", pid_t " pid ", void * " addr ", void * " data )
.SH 
.B ptrace
ƥॳϿƥץ(parent process)ҥץ(child process)
¹Ԥѻ椷ꡢΥꡦ᡼(core image)ȥ쥸
Ĵѹʤ󶡤롣μפʻˡϥǥХåѤ
֥졼ݥ(break point)μ䥷ƥॳפǤ롣
.LP
ȥ졼򳫻Ϥˤϡƥץ
.BR fork (2) 
ƤӽФҥץ PTRACE_TRACEME ¹Ԥ
³(ŵŪˤ)
.BR exec (2)
Ԥ
̤ˡȤƴ¸ΥץФ PTRACE_ATTACH Ѥƥȥ졼
Ϥ뤳ȤǤ롣
.LP
ȥ졼¹ϻҥץϥʥ٤ˡ㤨줬
̵뤹٤ʥξˤǤߤ롣(SIGKILL 㳰Ǥꡢ
̾ɤθ̤⤿餹) ƥץϼ
.BR wait (2)
κݤΤ졢ߤƤ֤˻ҥץĴ٤꽤Ǥ롣
ƥץϤ줫ҥץμ¹Ԥ³ꡢŪ줿
ʥ̵뤵(ޤ̤Υʥ)Ǥ롣
.LP
ƥץȥ졼λȤPTRACE_KILL Ѥƻҥץ
λꡢPTRACE_DETACH Ѥȥ졼⡼ɤˤ̾μ¹
³Ǥ롣
.LP
\fIrequest\fP ͤΥƥࡦưꤹ:
.TP
PTRACE_TRACEME
Υץƥץˤäƥȥ졼뤳Ȥؼ롣
Υץ(SIGKILL )ʥ뤬ȥץ
ߤ졢ƥץ
.BR wait
̤Τ롣
ޤʸ塢ΥץˤäƹԤ
.BR exec
θƤӽФ SIGTRAP Ԥ졢ץब¹Ԥ򳫻Ϥ
˿ƥץ뵡Ϳ롣ƥץȥ졼ͽ
ʤˤϡץϤΥꥯȤԤ٤ǤϤʤ
(\fIpid\fP, \fIaddr\fP, \fIdata\fP ̵뤵롣)
.LP
嵭ΥꥯȤϻҥץˤäƤΤ߹Ԥ롣ĤΥꥯȤ
ƥץˤäƹԤ롣ʲΥꥯȤ \fIpid\fP ưо
Ȥʤҥץꤹ롣PTRACE_KILL ʳΥꥯȤԤ
ϻҥץߤƤɬפ롣
.TP
PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, PTRACE_PEEKDATA
ҥץΥ
.IR addr
ΰ֤ɤɤ߹ࡣɤ߹ɤ
.B ptrace
η̤Ȥ֤롣Linux ϥƥ(text)ȥǡ(data)
ɥ쥹֤ʬΥԤäƤʤĤΥꥯȤϸߤ
ȤƱ̣ġ(\fIdata\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_PEEKUSER
ҥץ
.B 桼(USER)
ΰ
.I addr
ΥեåȤɤɤ߹ࡣ桼ΰϥ쥸(register)
ץ˴ؤ¾ξݻƤ롣(<linux/user.h>  <sys/user.h>
򻲾)ɤ
.B ptrace
η̤Ȥ֤롣ŵŪ˥եåȤϥɶ
Ƥ롣ʤ餳ϥƥ㤴Ȥ˰ۤäƤ롣
(\fIdata\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_POKETEXT, PTRACE_POKEDATA
ƥץΥ
.IR data
ΰ֤ҥץΥ
.IR addr
ΰ֤إɤ򥳥ԡ롣嵭Ʊͤ˸ߤΤȤĤ
ꥯȤƱǤ롣
.TP
PTRACE_POKEUSR
ƥץΥ
.IR data
ΰ֤ҥץ
.B 桼
ΰ
.IR addr 
ΥեåȤ˥ɤ򥳥ԡ롣嵭Ʊͤ˥եåȤŵŪ
ɶˤƤ롣ͥδݻ뤿
.B USER
ΰΤʬνϵƤʤ
.TP
PTRACE_GETREGS, PTRACE_GETFPREGS
줾ҥץΰ̥쥸ư쥸ƥץ
\fIdata\fP ΰ֤˥ԡ롣 data ΥեޥåȤ˴ؤƤ
<linux/user.h> 򻲾Ȥ뤳ȡ(\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_SETREGS, PTRACE_SETFPREGS
줾ҥץΰ̥쥸ư쥸ؿƥץ
\fIdata\fP ΰ֤饳ԡ롣PTRACE_POKEUSER Ʊͤ˰ΰ
쥸νϵƤʤ(\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_CONT
ߤҥץμ¹ԤƳ롣⤷ \fIdata\fP Ǥʤ
SIGSTOP ǤʤСҥץ륷ʥȲᤵ롣
 SIGSTOP ξϥʥʤˤäƿƥץ
ϻҥץ줿ʥºݤ뤫
椹뤳ȤǤ롣
(\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_SYSCALL, PTRACE_SINGLESTEP
PTRACE_CONT ƱͤߤҥץƳ롣PTRACE_SYSCALL
ξϻҥץƥॳȴФˡ
PTRACE_SINGLESTEP ξ̿Ĥ¹Ԥߤ褦
ꤵ롣(ҥץ̾Ʊ褦˥ʥä
ߤ롣) ƥץ鸫Ȼҥץ SIGTRAP 
ߤ褦˸롣㤨кǽ PTRACE_SYSCALL ߤ
Ĵ٤Ƥ PTRACE_SYSCALL ¹Ԥ2ܤߤǥƥ
֤ͤĴ٤뤳ȤǤ롣(\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_KILL
ҥץ SIGKILL 꽪λ롣(\fIaddr\fP  \fIdata\fP 
̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_ATTACH
.I pid
ǻꤵ줿ץ³(attach)򸽺ߤΥץ
ҥץȤƥȥ졼Ǥ褦ˤ롣ҥץ PTRACE_TRACEME
Τ褦˿񤦡ߤΥץϤΤۤȤɤŪˤơ
λҥץμºݤοƤˤʤ롣(㤨лҥץΥ٥Ȥ
ΤȤäꡢ
.BR ps (1)
ǿƤȤɽ줿ꤹ롣) ҥץ
.BR getppid (2)
¹Ԥˤϸοƥץ PID ֤롣
ҥץˤ SIGSTOP 뤬Υ뤬λߤ
ɬפϤʤҥץߤԤĤˤ
.BR wait
Ѥ뤳ȡ(\fIaddr\fP  \fIdata\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_DETACH
PTRACE_CONT ƱͤߤҥץƳ롣ǽˤ
ץʬΥ(detach)ԤPTRACE_ATTACH οƤڤ괹
PTRACE_TRACEME θ̤äˡտޤʤ⤷ʤ
Linux Ǥϡȥ졼ƤҥץϤɤΤ褦ˡǥȥ졼
Ϥ줿ȤƤ⡢ˡʬΥ(detach)Ǥ롣
.SH 
.B ptrace
ΰηϥץȥפΤ褦˷äƤˤ⤫餺
GNU libc ǤϸߤΤȤ
.B ptrace
Ϻǽ \fIrequest\fP Τ߸DzѰؿȤƤ롣
ɬפʻĤΰάǽʤȤ̣Ƥ롣

.B gcc(1)
ưѤƤ롣
.LP
.BR init (8) 
ʤ PID 1 Υץϥȥ졼뤳ȤǤʤ
.LP
Ƥ USER ΰ֤ OS 䥢ƥǴäǤ롣
.LP
(word)礭 OS μ̤ˤäƷꤵ롣(㤨
32ӥåȤ Linux Ǥ 32ӥåȤǤ롣)
.LP
ȥ졼뤳Ȥˤäƥȥ졼ץư˺٤ʰ㤤
뤳Ȥ롣㤨Сץ PTRACE_ATTACH ˤä³줿
ˤϡΥץߤǤοƤ
.BR wait
ȤäΤ뤳ȤǤʤƤˤäƸŪ
Τ򿿻ˡʤ
.LP
Υޥ˥奢ϸߤ Linux ˤ
.B ptrace
ưˤĤƵҤƤ롣¾μ Unix ˤƤ
ưۤäƤ롣ɤΤ褦ʾˤƤ
.B ptrace
϶٤ OS 䥢ƥ˰¸Ƥ롣
.LP
SunOS Υޥ˥奢롦ڡˤ
.B ptrace
ϡäԲIJפȵҤƤ롣Solaris 2 Ǥ proc ١
ǥХåΥ󥿡եȤ
.B ptrace
ξ̸ߴؿ졢궯Ϥμ줿ΤȤʤäƤ롣
.SH ֤
ˤ PTRACE_PEEK* ꥯȤ׵ᤵ줿ǡ֤
ʳξˤϥ֤顼ξˤ \-1 ֤
.IR errno (3)
Ŭڤꤵ롣PTRACE_PEEK* ꥯȤˤ \-1 
֤礬뤿ᡢ顼äɤĴ٤뤿ˤ
.I errno
ͤåɬפ롣
.SH 顼
.TP
.B EPERM
ꤷץȥ졼뤳ȤǤʤϿƥץ
ɬפʸ¤äƤʤäȤ˵롣롼ȤǤʤץ
ʥ뤳ȤǤʤץ setuid/setgid ץ
ȥ졼뤳ȤϤǤʤΤȤʤ˥ȥ졼Ƥ
ץ
.BR init 
(PID 1)ȥ졼뤳ȤǤʤ
.TP
.B ESRCH
ꤷץ¸ߤʤ
߸ƤӽФץȥ졼ƤҥץǤϤʤ
(ߤƤ뤳ȤɬפʥꥯȤʤΤ)ߤƤʤ
.TP
.B EIO
\fIrequest\fP Ǥ뤫ƥץޤϻҥץΥΰ
ʾɤ߽񤭤褦Ȥɶȿ
¹ԺƳΥꥯȤˤʥʥꤷ
.TP
.B EFAULT
ƥץޤϻҥץΥΤΰɤ߽񤭤ߤ
Ƥϥ꤬ǽȤƥޥåפƤʤȤˤ롣
ǰʤȤ Linux ˤƤΥ顼Ͼˤä EIO ֤
RFAULT ֤ꤹ롣
.SH 
SVr4, SVID EXT, AT&T, X/OPEN, BSD 4.3
.SH Ϣ
.BR exec (3),
.BR wait (2),
.BR signal (2),
.BR fork (2),
.BR gdb (1),
.BR strace (1)