'\" t
.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1992 Drew Eckhardt (drew@cs.colorado.edu), March 28, 1992
.\" Parts Copyright (c) 1995 Nicolai Langfeldt (janl@ifi.uio.no), 1/1/95
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one
.\" 
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\" 
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" Modified by Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 10:54:27 1993 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\" Modified Thu May 18 11:00:31 1995 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\"          to add comments suggested by Todd Larason <jtl@molehill.org>
.\" Modified Fri Jan 31 17:43:02 1997 by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
.\" Modified Thu Jan 9 10:20:31 1995 by Martin Schulze (joey@infodrom.north.de)
.\"          to add more error codes suggested by Richard Kettlewell (richard@greenend.org.uk)
.\" Modified Wed May 13 18:46:44 1998 by Michael Haardt <michael@cantor.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
.\" Modified 990706 by aeb; much of the info under `Other Systems' was
.\"          taken from a net post by Albert Cahalan.
.\" Modified 000107 by aeb: added <sys/types.h> include.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998-1999 HANATAKA Shinya
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Sun Jun 21 13:49:27 JST 1998
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Modified Mon Aug 16 21:33:01 JST 1999
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Updated Mon Jan  3 18:17:54 JST 2000 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Fri Oct  6 22:43:06 JST 2000 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Mon Apr  9 21:25:42 JST 2001 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Mon Jun 25 21:47:28 JST 2001 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\"
.\"WORD:	status			
.\"WORD:	directory		ǥ쥯ȥ
.\"WORD:	open			ץ
.\"WORD:	implement		
.\"WORD:	owner			ͭ
.\"WORD:	group			롼
.\"WORD:	user			桼
.\"WORD:	other			¾
.\"WORD:	hard link count		ϡɡ󥯿
.\"WORD:	symbolic link		ܥå
.\"WORD:	socket			å
.\"WORD:	device			ǥХ
.\"WORD:	sticky bit		ƥåӥå
.\" 
.TH STAT 2 1998-05-13 "Linux" "System calls"
.SH ̾
stat, fstat, lstat \- եξ(status)
.SH 
.B #include <sys/types.h>
.br
.B #include <sys/stat.h>
.br
.B #include <unistd.h>
.sp
.BI "int stat(const char *" file_name ", struct stat *" buf );
.br
.BI "int fstat(int " filedes ", struct stat *" buf );
.br
.BI "int lstat(const char *" file_name ", struct stat *" buf );
.SH 
.PP
δؿϻꤵ줿եˤĤƤξ֤ξ
뤿ˤΥեФƤΥɬפȤʤ
եƳѥˤǥ쥯ȥƤΡɬפǤ롣
.PP
.B stat
 
.I file_name
ǻꤵ줿եξ֤
.IR buf 
سǼ롣

.B lstat

.B stat
ƱǤ뤬оݤܥå󥯤ξ硢
󥯤ؤեǤϤʤ󥯼Ȥξ֤ۤʤäƤ롣

.B fstat

.B stat
Ʊ
.I file_name 
Τ(
.BR open (2)
֤)
.I filedes
ˤäƻꤵ롢ץ󤵤줿եξ֤롣

.PP

.I stat
¤Τ֤
.I stat
¤ΤˤϰʲΥեɤޤޤƤ:
.PP
.RS
.nf
struct stat {
    dev_t         st_dev;      /* device */
    ino_t         st_ino;      /* inode */
    mode_t        st_mode;     /* protection */
    nlink_t       st_nlink;    /* number of hard links */
    uid_t         st_uid;      /* user ID of owner */
    gid_t         st_gid;      /* group ID of owner */
    dev_t         st_rdev;     /* device type (if inode device) */
    off_t         st_size;     /* total size, in bytes */
    blksize_t     st_blksize;  /* blocksize for filesystem I/O */
    blkcnt_t      st_blocks;   /* number of blocks allocated */
    time_t        st_atime;    /* time of last access */
    time_t        st_mtime;    /* time of last modification */
    time_t        st_ctime;    /* time of last change */
};
.fi
.RE
.PP
.I st_size
 (̾Υե뤫ܥå󥯤ξ)
ե礭ХȿͿ롣
ܥå󥯤礭ϡޤޤƤѥ̾Ĺ
(Ǹ NUL ʸϴޤޤʤ) Ǥ롣

.I st_blocks
ϥե礭 512 ХȤΥ֥åñ̤Ϳ롣
(ե˷꤬褦ʾ硢ͤ
.IR st_size /512
꾮ʤ뤳Ȥ⤢)
.I st_blksize
ϥե롦ƥ I/O ˸Ūʡֹޤץ֥å
Ϳ롣(꾮ñ̤ǥե˽񤭹ळȤΨ
ɤ߽Ф----ƽ񤭹ߤȤʤ뤫⤷ʤ)
.PP
Ƥ Linux Υե롦ƥबƤλ֥եɤ
 (implement) Ƥ櫓ǤϤʤ
ե륢
.I st_atime
եɤ򹹿ʤ褦ʤǥޥȤǤե륷ƥ⤢롣
.RB ( mount (8)
 `noatime' ץ򻲾)

.I st_atime
եɤϥե륢ä(㤨С
.BR exec (2),
.BR mknod (2),
.BR pipe (2),
.BR utime (2)

.BR read (2)
(1 ХȰʾɤ߹))
ѹ롣
.BR mmap (2)
Ȥä¾Υ롼
.I st_atime
򹹿뤫⤷ʤʤ⤷ʤ

.I st_mtime
եɤϡե뤬줿
(㤨
.BR mknod (2),
.BR truncate (2),
.BR utime (2)

.BR write (2)
(1 ХȰʾ񤭹ޤ줿))
ѹ롣
ˡǥ쥯ȥ
.I st_mtime
ϤΥǥ쥯ȥ
ե뤬줿줿ꤹѹ롣
.I st_mtime
եɤ
ͭ(owner)䥰롼(group)ϡɡ󥯿(hard link count)
⡼(mode)ѹǤѹ
.I ʤ

.I st_ctime
եɤϽ񤭹ߤ inode 
(㤨нͭԡ롼ס󥯿⡼ɤʤ)
ˤäѹ롣
.PP
ʲ POSIX ޥϥեμΥåΤ :
.RS
.TP 1.2i
S_ISREG(m)
̾Υե뤫?
.TP
S_ISDIR(m)
ǥ쥯ȥ꤫?
.TP
S_ISCHR(m)
饯ǥХ(character device)?
.TP
S_ISBLK(m)
֥åǥХ(block device)?
.TP
S_ISFIFO(m)
fifo ?
.TP
S_ISLNK(m)
ܥå(symbolic link)? (POSIX.1-1996 ˤ¸ߤʤ)
.TP
S_ISSOCK(m)
å(socket)? (POSIX.1-1996 ˤ¸ߤʤ)
.RE
.PP
ʲΥե饰
.I st_mode
եɤΤƤ:
.P
.TS
l l l.
S_IFMT	0170000	ե뷿ΤΥӥåȥޥ
S_IFSOCK	0140000	å(socket)
S_IFLNK	0120000	ܥå(symbolic link)
S_IFREG	0100000	̾Υե
S_IFBLK	0060000	֥åǥХ(block device)
S_IFDIR	0040000	ǥ쥯ȥ
S_IFCHR	0020000	饯ǥХ(character device)
S_IFIFO	0010000	ѥ(fifo)
S_ISUID	0004000	set UID bit
S_ISGID	0002000	set GID bit ()
S_ISVTX	0001000	ƥåӥå(sticky bit)()
S_IRWXU	00700	եͭԤΤεĤΥޥ
S_IRUSR	00400	ͭԤɤ߹ߵ
S_IWUSR	00200	ͭԤν񤭹ߵ
S_IXUSR	00100	ͭԤμ¹Ե
S_IRWXG	00070	롼פΤεĤΥޥ
S_IRGRP	00040	롼פɤ߹ߵ
S_IWGRP	00020	롼פν񤭹ߵ
S_IXGRP	00010	롼פμ¹Ե
S_IRWXO	00007	¾(others)ΤεĤΥޥ
S_IROTH	00004	¾ͤɤ߹ߵ
S_IWOTH	00002	¾ͤν񤭹ߵ
S_IXOTH	00001	¾ͤμ¹Ե
.TE
.P
set GID bit (S_ISGID)ˤϤĤüʻˡ:
ǥ쥯ȥ˻ѤˤϡΥǥ쥯ȥ꤬ BSD ǻѤ
Ȥؼ롣Υǥ쥯ȥ˺줿եΥ롼 ID 
ץμ¸(effective) gid ǤϤʤǥ쥯ȥ
롼 ID Ѿ롣롼׼¹ԥӥå(S_IXGRP)ꤵƤʤ
եꤵ줿ˤ϶(mandatory)ե/쥳ɡå
ؼ롣
.P
ǥ쥯ȥˡ֥ƥåץӥå(S_ISVTX)ꤵ줿ϡ
Υǥ쥯ȥΥեϥեνͭԡǥ쥯ȥνͭԡ
롼(root)ˤäƤΤߡ̾ѹꡢǤ롣
.SH ֤
ϥ֤顼ξ \-1 ֤
.I errno
Ŭڤꤵ롣
.SH 顼
.TP
.B EBADF
.I filedes

.TP
.B ENOENT
.I file_name
Υѥʬ¸ߤʤѥʸǤ롣
.TP
.B ENOTDIR
ѥʬǥ쥯ȥǤϤʤ
.TP
.B ELOOP
ѥ褹ݤܥå󥯤¿᤮롣
.TP
.B EFAULT
ɥ쥹ְäƤ롣
.TP
.B EACCES
Ĥʤ
.TP
.B ENOMEM
ͥΥ꤬­ʤ
.TP
.B ENAMETOOLONG
ե̾Ĺ᤮롣
.SH 
.B stat

.B fstat
 SVr4, SVID, POSIX, X/OPEN, 4.3BSD ˽򤷤Ƥ롣
.B lstat
 4.3BSD  SVr4 ˽򤷤Ƥ롣
SVr4 ˤ¾
.B fstat
Υ顼Ȥ EINTR, ENOLINK, EOVERFLOW ˤĤƤεҤ롣
SVr4 ˤ¾
.B stat

.B lstat
Υ顼Ȥ EACCES, EINTR, EMULTIHOP, ENOLINK, EOVERFLOW ˤĤƤ
Ҥ롣
.I st_blocks

.I st_blksize
եɤλѤϤޤܿʤ( BSD ˤäƳ줿
POSIX ˤϴޤޤƤʤƥऴȤ˲᤬ۤʤäƤꡢ
ƱƥǤ NFS ޥȤξˤϰۤʤǽ)
.LP
POSIX ˤ  S_IFMT, S_IFSOCK, S_IFLNK, S_IFREG, S_IFBLK, S_IFDIR, S_IFCHR,
S_IFIFO, S_ISVTX ӥåȤˤĤƤεҤϤʤ S_ISDIR() Τ褦
ޥѤ褦׵ᤷƤ롣
S_ISLNK  S_ISSOCK ޥ POSIX.1-1996 ˤϤʤξȤ
POSIX ʤμΥСˤϴޤޤԤ SVID 4v2 ˡ
Ԥ SUSv2 ˤäƤ롣
.LP
Unix V7 (ȤθΥƥ)  S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC äƤꡢ
POSIX ϤƱȤ S_IRUSR, S_IWUSR, S_IXUSR ؼƤ롣
.SH ¾Υƥ
Ƽ亮ƥǻѤƤ():
.P
.TS
l l l l l.
16	̾	ls	8ʿ	
f000	S_IFMT		170000	ե뷿Υޥ
0000			000000	SCO ӥ inode, BSD ̤Τη
				SVID-v2  XPG2  0  0100000ξ̤Υե
1000	S_IFIFO	p|	010000	fifo (̾դѥ)
2000	S_IFCHR	c	020000	饯üե (V7)
3000	S_IFMPC		030000	¿Ų줿饯üե (V7)
4000	S_IFDIR	d/	040000	ǥ쥯ȥ (V7)
5000	S_IFNAM		050000	XENIX Ĥ̾դüե
				st_rdev  1,2 Ƕ̤:
0001	S_INSEM	s	000001	XENIX IFNAMΥޥե
0002	S_INSHD	m	000002	XENIX IFNAMζͭǡ
6000	S_IFBLK	b	060000	֥åüե (V7)
7000	S_IFMPB		070000	¿Ų줿֥åüե (V7)
8000	S_IFREG	-	100000	̾ե (V7)
9000	S_IFCMP		110000	VxFS ̥ե
9000	S_IFNWK	n	110000	ͥåȥüե (HP-UX)
a000	S_IFLNK	l@	120000	ܥå (BSD)
b000	S_IFSHAD		130000	Solaris ACL Τα줿 inode (桼֤ϸʤ)
c000	S_IFSOCK	s=	140000	å (BSD; VxFS  "S_IFSOC")
d000	S_IFDOOR	D>	150000	Solaris ɥ
e000	S_IFWHT	w%	160000	BSD ե (inode Ѥʤ)
0200	S_ISVTX		001000	`ƥåӥå':Ѹ⥹åפ˻Ĥ (V7)
				ͽ (SVID-v2)
				ǥ쥯ȥʳ: ե򥭥å夷ʤ (SunOS)
				ǥ쥯ȥ: ¥ե饰 (SVID-v4.2)
0400	S_ISGID		002000	¹Ի set group ID (V7)
				ǥ쥯ȥ: gid ã BSD Ѥ
0400	S_ENFMT		002000	SysV ե롦å(S_ISGID ȶͭ)
0800	S_ISUID		004000	¹Ի set user ID (V7)
0800	S_CDF		004000	ǥ쥯ȥϾ¸ե (HP-UX)
.TE

ƥå ޥɤ Version 32V AT&T UNIX Ǹ줿

.SH Ϣ
.BR chmod (2),
.BR chown (2),
.BR readlink (2),
.BR utime (2)