.\" Copyright 1993 Giorgio Ciucci (giorgio@crcc.it)
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one
.\" 
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\" 
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998 HANATAKA Shinya
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Wed Feb 11 21:29:14 JST 1998
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\"
.\"WORD:	semaphore set		ޥե
.\"WORD:	shared memory segment	ͭꡦ
.\"WORD:	message queue		å塼
.\"
.TH IPC 5 1993-11-01 "Linux 0.99.13" "Linux Programmer's Manual" 
.SH ̾
ipc \- System V ץ̿
.SH 
.nf
.B
# include <sys/types.h>
.B
# include <sys/ipc.h>
.B
# include <sys/msg.h>
.B
# include <sys/sem.h>
.B
# include <sys/shm.h>
.SH 
Υޥ˥奢롦ڡ System V ץ̿ Linux 
롣
Υץ̿(interprocess communication mechanism)ˤϡ
å塼(message queue)ޥե(semaphore set)
ͭꡦ(shared memory segment)ʤɤ롣ʲ
.B (resource)
ȤѸѤˤϤεΤɤ줫̣롣
.SS 񸻤ؤΥ
ƥΤ줾λ񸻤ϡipc ؤĤ뤫ɤꤹ
ξ̤ι¤
.BR "struct ipc_perm"
˳ǼƻѤ롣
.B ipc_perm
¤Τϡإåե
.I <sys/ipc.h>
ƤꡢʲΥСޤޤƤ:
.sp
.B
	ushort cuid;	
/* ԤΥ桼ID */
.br
.B
	ushort cgid;	
/* ԤΥ롼ID */
.br
.B
	ushort uid;
/* ͭԤΥ桼ID */
.br
.B
	ushort gid;
/* ͭԤΥ롼ID */
.br
.B
	ushort mode;
/* ɤ߽񤭤ε */
.PP
.B ipc_perm
¤Τ
.B mode
Сϰʲ 9 ӥåȤǡץ ipc ƥࡦ
ˤ񸻤ؤΥĤ롣
ĤϰʲΤ褦˲ᤵ:
.sp
.nf
	0400	桼ˤɤ߹ߡ
	0200	桼ˤ񤭹ߡ
.sp .5
	0040	롼פˤɤ߹ߡ
	0020	롼פˤ񤭹ߡ
.sp .5
	0004	¾ͤˤɤ߹ߡ
	0002	¾ͤˤ񤭹ߡ
.fi
.PP
ƥϥӥå 0100, 0010, 0001 (¹ԥӥå) ϻѤʤ
ˡޥեξˤ
"񤭹(write)"
ϼºݤˤ
"ѹ(alter)"
̣롣
.PP
ƱإåեˤϰʲΥܥޤޤƤ:
.TP 14
.B IPC_CREAT
(key)¸ߤʤˤϿʥȥ롣
.TP
.B IPC_EXCL
(key)¸ߤˤϼԤ롣
.TP
.B IPC_NOWAIT
׵᤬Ԥˤϥ顼ˤʤ롣
.TP
.B IPC_PRIVATE
ץ饤١ȡ
.TP
.B IPC_RMID
񸻤롣
.TP
.B IPC_SET
񸻤˥ץꤹ롣
.TP
.B IPC_STAT
񸻤Υץ롣
.PP
.B IPC_PRIVATE

.B key_t
Ǥ롣¾ƤΥܥϥե饰եɤȤ
.B int
ѿ OR 黻dzǼ뤳ȤǤ롣
.SS å塼
å塼
.RI "(" msqid )
ˤäƼ̤졢
.IR <sys/msg.h> 
Ƥ빽¤
.BR "struct msquid_ds" 
˷ӤĤƤ롣
ι¤ΤϰʲΥСޤǤ:
.sp
.B
	struct ipc_perm msg_perm;
.br
.B
	ushort msg_qnum;	
/* 塼ˤåο */
.br
.B
	ushort msg_qbytes;	
/* 塼κХȿ */
.br
.B
	ushort msg_lspid;	
/* Ǹ msgsnd 򤷤 PID */
.br
.B
	ushort msg_lrpid;	
/* Ǹ msgrcv 򤷤 PID */
.br
.B
	time_t msg_stime;	
/* Ǹ msgsnd 򤷤 */
.br
.B
	time_t msg_rtime;	
/* Ǹ msgrcv 򤷤 */
.br
.B
	time_t msg_ctime;	
/* Ǹѹ줿 */
.TP 11
.B msg_perm
å塼ؤΥĤꤹ
.B ipc_perm
¤Ρ
.TP
.B msg_qnum
ߡΥå塼ˤåο
.TP
.B msg_qbytes
å塼뤳ȤǤåκХȿ
.TP
.B msg_lspid
Ǹ
.B msgsnd
ƥࡦԤʤäץ ID
.TP
.B msg_lrpid
Ǹ
.B msgrcv
ƥࡦԤʤäץ ID
.TP
.B msg_stime
Ǹ
.B msgsnd
ƥࡦԤʤä֡
.B msg_rtime
Ǹ
.B msgcv
Ԥʤä֡
.TP
.B msg_ctime
Ǹ
.B msqid_ds
¤ΤΥСѹ줿֡
.SS ޥե
ޥե
.RI "(" semid )
ˤäƼ̤졢
.IR <sys/sem.h> 
Ƥ빽¤
.BR "struct semid_ds"
˷ӤĤƤ롣
ι¤ΤϰʲΥСޤǤ:
.sp
.B
	struct ipc_perm sem_perm;
.br
.B
	time_t sem_otime;	
/* Ǹ */
.br
.B
	time_t sem_ctime;	
/* Ǹѹ */
.br
.B
	ushort sem_nsems;	
/* ˤ륻ޥե */
.TP 11
.B sem_perm
ޥեؤΥĤꤹ
.B ipc_perm
¤Ρ
.TP
.B sem_otime
Ǹ
.B semop
ƥࡦԤʤä֡
.TP
.B sem_ctime
Ǹ
.B semctl
Ԥʤäƾ嵭ι¤ΤΥСѹ뤫ޥե°
ޥեѹ֡
.TP
.B sem_nsems
ޥեˤ륻ޥեο
ˤ뤽줾ΥޥեǤʤˤäƻȤ졢
.B 0

.BR sem_nsems\-1 
ޤǤֹġ
.PP
ޥե
.B "struct sem"
Υǡ¤ΤǤꡢʲΥСޤǤ:
.sp
.B
	ushort semval;	 
/* ޥե */
.br
.B
	short sempid;	 
/* Ǹץ ID */
.br
.B
	ushort semncnt;	
/* semval äԤĿ */
.br
.B
	ushort semzcnt;	
/* semval = 0 ԤĿ */
.TP 11
.B semval
ޥե: Ǥʤ
.TP
.B sempid
ΥޥեǸץ ID
.TP
.B semncnt
.B semval
ͤäԤäߤƤץο
.TP
.B semznt
.B semval
 0 ˤʤΤԤäߤƤץο
.SS ͭꡦ
ͭꡦȤ
.RI "(" shmid )
ˤäƼ̤졢
.IR <sys/shm.h>
Ƥ
.BR "struct shmid_ds"
¤Τ˷ӤĤƤ롣
ι¤ΤϰʲΥСޤǤ:
.sp
.B
	struct ipc_perm shm_perm;
.br
.B
	int shm_segsz;	
/* ȤΥ */
.br
.B
	ushort shm_cpid;	
/* ԤΥץ ID */
.br
.B
	ushort shm_lpid;	
/* Ǹץ ID */
.br
.B
	short shm_nattch;	
/* ߡղäƤ */
.br
.B
	time_t shm_atime;	
/* Ǹղä */
.br
.B
	time_t shm_dtime;	
/* ǸʬΥ */
.br
.B
	time_t shm_ctime;	
/* Ǹѹ */
.TP 11
.B shm_perm
ͭꡦȤؤΥĤꤷ
.B ipc_perm
¤Ρ
.TP
.B shm_segsz
ͭꡦȤΥХȿ
.TP
.B shm_cpid
ͭꡦȤץ ID
.TP
.B shm_lpid
Ǹ
.B shmat
ޤ
.B shmdt
ƥࡦ¹Ԥץ ID
.TP
.B shm_nattch
ζͭꡦȤղ(attach)Ƥץο
.TP
.B shm_atime
Ǹ
.B shmat
ƥࡦԤʤä֡
.TP
.B shm_dtime
Ǹ
.B shmdt
ƥࡦԤʤä֡
.TP
.B shm_ctime
Ǹ
.B shmctl
ƥࡦԤʤäơ
.BR shmid_ds 
¤Τѹ֡
.SH Ϣ
.BR ftok (3),
.BR msgctl (2),
.BR msgget (2),
.BR msgrcv (2),
.BR msgsnd (2),
.BR semctl (2),
.BR semget (2),
.BR semop (2),
.BR shmat (2),
.BR shmctl (2),
.BR shmget (2),
.BR shmdt (2)